七年级英语寒假作业01 代词、be动词与一般现在时（含do、does）（巩固培优）（解析版）

限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：寒假作业01代词、be动词与一般现在时（含do/does）1.核心知识点总结知识点类别核心内容用法示例人称代词主格（作主语）：I/you/he/she/it/we/they；宾格（作宾语）：me/you/him/her/it/us/themSheismysister.（主格）；Ilikehim.（宾格）物主代词形容词性（后接名词）：my/your/his/her/its/our/their；名词性（单独使用）：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirsThisisherbook.（形容词性）；Thebookishers.（名词性）be动词用法I用am；you用are；he/she/it用is；复数（we/they/名词复数）用are；否定式：amnot/isn't/aren't；疑问式：be动词提前Heisn'tastudent.；AreyoufromChina?一般现在时（实义动词）主语为三单（he/she/it/单数名词），动词变三单（加s/es）；否定/疑问用does；非三单用原形，否定/疑问用doShelikesapples.；Doesheplayfootball?；Theydon'twatchTV.2.易错提醒物主代词混淆：形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，名词性物主代词后不接名词例：❌Thisismy.✅Thisismine.一般现在时三单易错点：以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾的动词变三单加es（如watch→watches）；辅音+y结尾变y为i加es（如study→studies）be动词与实义动词不可并用（如❌：Heislikedogs.✅：Helikesdogs.）3.方法归纳判断时态与动词形式的三步法：看时间标志（usually/often/everyday等为一般现在时）；看主语是否为三单；③确定用be动词还是实义动词，进而判断否定/疑问形式。三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型一、单项选择（每题1份，共15分）1.—Isthis______pen?—No,it'snot______.It'sTom's.A.your;mineB.you;myC.your;myD.you;mine【答案】A【解析】考查物主代词用法。第一空后接名词pen，需用形容词性物主代词your（你的）；第二空后无名词，需用名词性物主代词mine（我的）指代“我的笔”。you是人称代词主格/宾格，my是形容词性物主代词，均不符合语境。Myparents______teachers.They______inamiddleschool.A.are;workB.is;workC.are;worksD.is;works【答案】A【解析】考查be动词和一般现在时。第一空主语Myparents是复数，be动词用are；第二空主语They是复数，一般现在时中实义动词用原形work。is用于单数主语，works是三单形式，均不符合。—______doesyourbrothergotoschool?—At7:00everymorning.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.How【答案】B【解析】考查特殊疑问词。根据答语“每天早上7点”（时间），可知问句询问时间，用When（什么时候）。What询问事物，Where询问地点，How询问方式，均不符合。There______somemilkintheglass.A.isB.areC.haveD.has【答案】A【解析】考查therebe句型。therebe句型不与have/has连用，排除C、D；milk是不可数名词，根据“就近原则”，be动词用is。are用于复数主语，不符合。—DoesLucy______anewbike?—Yes,she______.A.have;hasB.has;haveC.have;doesD.has;does【答案】C【解析】考查一般现在时的一般疑问句。问句以Does开头，后面实义动词用原形have；肯定回答需用助动词does呼应问句的Does，不能用has。Thisisnot______book.______isonthedesk.A.his;HisB.he;HeC.him;HisD.his;He【答案】A【解析】考查物主代词。第一空后接名词book，用形容词性物主代词his（他的）；第二空后无名词，用名词性物主代词His（他的）指代“他的书”。he是主格（作主语），him是宾格（作宾语），均不符合。Mysister______watchingTV.She______readingbooks.A.like;don'tlikeB.likes;doesn'tlikeC.like;doesn'tlikeD.likes;don'tlike【答案】B【解析】考查一般现在时三单形式。主语Mysister是三单，第一空实义动词like变三单likes；第二空否定句需用助动词doesn't，后面接动词原形like。don't用于非三单主语，不符合。—______isyournewclassmatefrom?—He'sfromtheUK.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhereD.Howold【答案】C【解析】考查特殊疑问词。根据答语“他来自英国”（地点），可知问句询问地点，用Where（哪里）。Who询问人，What询问事物，Howold询问年龄，均不符合。These______myfriends.______namesareLilyandLucy.A.are;TheirB.is;TheirC.are;TheyD.is;They【答案】A【解析】考查be动词和物主代词。第一空主语These是复数，be动词用are；第二空后接名词names，用形容词性物主代词Their（她们的）。is用于单数主语，They是人称代词主格，均不符合。He______playtheguitar,buthe______playthepiano.A.can;canB.can;can'tC.can't;can'tD.can't;can【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词can的用法。but表示转折，前后语义相反。结合选项，“会弹吉他但不会弹钢琴”符合逻辑，can表示“会”，can't表示“不会”。—______yourmother______shoppingonweekends?—Yes,shedoes.A.Do;goB.Does;goC.Do;goesD.Does;goes【答案】B【解析】考查一般现在时的一般疑问句。主语yourmother是三单，助动词用Does；助动词后实义动词用原形go。Do用于非三单主语，goes是三单形式，均不符合。Thisis______eraser.______eraserisred.A.a;TheB.an;TheC.a;AnD.an;An【答案】B【解析】考查冠词用法。第一空eraser以元音音素开头，用an；第二空特指前面提到的那块橡皮，用定冠词The。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，不符合第一空语境。We______inClass1,Grade7.Ourteacher______MrWang.A.are;isB.is;areC.are;areD.is;is【答案】A【解析】考查be动词。第一空主语We是复数，be动词用are；第二空主语Ourteacher是单数，be动词用is。—What______you______forbreakfast?—Ihavebreadandmilk.A.do;haveB.does;haveC.do;hasD.does;has【答案】A【解析】考查一般现在时的特殊疑问句。主语you是第二人称，助动词用do；助动词后实义动词用原形have。Does用于三单主语，has是三单形式，均不符合。—Isthereaparknearyourhome?—______.A.Yes,thereisB.No,thereareC.Yes,itisD.No,itisn't【答案】A【解析】考查therebe句型的一般疑问句回答。问句以Isthere开头，肯定回答用Yes,thereis，否定回答用No,thereisn't。B、C、D均为答语结构错误。二、单句语法填空（每题1分，共10分）16.Mybrother______(be)13yearsold.He______(like)playingbasketball.【答案】is;likes【解析】考查be动词和一般现在时三单。第一空主语Mybrother是单数，be动词用is；第二空主语He是三单，实义动词like变三单likes。17.—______(be)youastudent?—Yes,I______(be).I______(study)inNo.1MiddleSchool.【答案】Are;am;study【解析】考查be动词和一般现在时。第一空主语you对应be动词Are；第二空主语I对应be动词am；第三空主语I是第一人称，实义动词用原形study。18.Tom______(notlike)English.Hethinksit'sboring.【答案】doesn'tlike【解析】考查一般现在时的否定句。主语Tom是三单，否定句需加助动词doesn't，后面接动词原形like。19.—Where______(be)yourparents?—They______(be)inthekitchen.【答案】are;are【解析】考查be动词。主语yourparents和They均为复数，be动词均用are。20.She______(have)anewpen.______(it)colourisblue.【答案】has;Its【解析】考查一般现在时三单和物主代词。第一空主语She是三单，实义动词have变三单has；第二空后接名词colour，用形容词性物主代词Its（它的）。21.—______(do)yoursisterlikesinging?—Yes,she______(do).【答案】Does;does【解析】考查一般现在时的一般疑问句及回答。主语yoursister是三单，问句助动词用Does；肯定回答用does呼应问句的Does。22.There______(be)somebooksandapenonthedesk.【答案】are【解析】考查therebe句型的就近原则。therebe句型中，be动词形式由最近的主语决定，此处最近主语somebooks是复数，故用are。23.Thisisnot______(I)bag.______(I)isblack.【答案】my;Mine【解析】考查物主代词。第一空后接名词bag，用形容词性物主代词my（我的）；第二空后无名词，用名词性物主代词Mine（我的）指代“我的包”。24.Heoften______(go)toschoolbybike.【答案】goes【解析】考查一般现在时三单。主语He是三单，且有时间标志词often，实义动词go变三单goes（一般动词直接加s）。25.They______(notbe)intheclassroomnow.Theyareontheplayground.【答案】aren't/arenot【解析】考查be动词的否定句。主语They是复数，be动词用are，否定形式为aren't或arenot；now是现在时标志，时态无误。三、完成句子（每题1分，共10分）26.这是我的朋友，他来自英国。Thisismyfriend.He____________theUK.【答案】isfrom【解析】考查“来自”的英文表达。“来自”可译为befrom，主语He是单数，be动词用is。27.我妈妈不喜欢看电视。Mymother____________watchingTV.【答案】doesn'tlike【解析】考查一般现在时的否定句。主语Mymother是三单，否定句需加助动词doesn't，后面接动词原形like；“喜欢做某事”为likedoingsth，watch用watching符合搭配。28.他们是学生吗？是的，他们是。____________students?Yes,____________.【答案】Arethey;theyare【解析】考查be动词的一般疑问句及回答。主语they是复数，be动词用are，一般疑问句将are提前；肯定回答用Yes,theyare，注意主语和be动词不能缩写。29.桌子上有一本书和两支笔。____________abookandtwopensonthedesk.【答案】Thereis【解析】考查therebe句型的就近原则。表示“某地有某物”用therebe句型，最近主语abook是单数，故用Thereis。30.他每天早上七点起床。He____________atseveno'clockeverymorning.【答案】getsup【解析】考查“起床”的英文表达及时态。“起床”译为getup，主语He是三单，且有时间标志词everymorning，get变三单gets。31.这只狗的名字是小白。__________________thedogisXiaobai.【答案】Thenameof【解析】考查“……的名字”的英文表达。“……的名字”译为thenameof，句首首字母大写，故填Thenameof。32.她会弹钢琴吗？不，她不会。______she______thepiano?No,she______.【答案】Can;play;can't【解析】考查情态动词can的一般疑问句及回答。“会弹钢琴”译为canplaythepiano，一般疑问句将can提前；否定回答用can't。33.我们在同一个班级。Wearein____________class.【答案】thesame【解析】考查“同一个”的英文表达。“同一个”译为thesame，固定搭配，后接单数名词class，符合语境。34.露西通常在晚上做家庭作业。Lucyusually__________________intheevening.【答案】doesherhomework【解析】考查“做家庭作业”的英文表达及时态。“做家庭作业”译为doone'shomework，主语Lucy是三单，且有时间标志词usually，do变三单does；one's对应her（她的）。35.那些是他的铅笔吗？不，不是。____________hispencils?No,____________.【答案】Arethose;theyaren't【解析】考查be动词的一般疑问句及回答。主语those是复数，be动词用are，一般疑问句将are提前；否定回答用No,theyaren't，用they指代those。一、完形填空（每空1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Hello,everyone!MynameisLiMing.I'mastudent36No.3MiddleSchool.I'm13yearsold.Ihaveahappyfamily.Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily:myfather,mymotherand37.Myfatheris38teacher.He39inahighschool.Heteachesmath.Heisverykind40hisstudents.Mymotherisadoctor.Sheworksinahospital.Sheworkshardeveryday.Ilovemyparentsverymuch.Atschool,Ihave41friends.ZhangHuaismybestfriend.Heis13yearsold,too.Weareinthesameclass.He42playingfootball.Weoftenplayfootballtogetherafterschool.OurEnglishteacherisMsGao.She43fromtheUS.Sheisverynice.Wealllikeher.Ihavemany44.Ilikereading,listeningtomusicandplayingbasketball.Iusuallyreadbooksintheevening.I45likewatchingTV,becauseIthinkit'sawasteoftime.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglish.Ithinkit'sinterestinganduseful.Thisisme.Doyouwanttomakefriendswithme?（）36.A.atB.onC.inD.at（）37.A.IB.meC.myD.mine（）38.A./B.anC.theD.a（）39.A.workB.worksC.workingD.towork（）40.A.forB.withC.toD.of（）41.A.fewB.anyC.someD.many（）42.A.likesB.likeC.likingD.liked（）43.A.comeB.comesC.iscomeD.coming（）44.A.hobbyB.hobbysC.hobbiesD.hobbyes（）45.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.isn'tD.aren't【答案】36.C；37.B；38.D；39.B；40.C；41.D；42.A；43.B；44.C；45.A【解析】考查介词搭配。“在某所中学就读”用固定搭配“in+学校名称”，表示在某个空间范围内，故选C。考查人称代词宾格。句中myfather、mymother和空格处为并列宾语，需用人称代词宾格形式。I是主格（仅作主语），my是形容词性物主代词（后需接名词），mine是名词性物主代词（单独使用，不接名词），均不符合宾语用法，故选B。考查不定冠词。teacher是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一名老师”，且teacher以辅音音素/t/开头，需用不定冠词a，故选D。考查一般现在时第三人称单数。主语He是第三人称单数，描述经常性职业行为用一般现在时，实义动词work需变三单形式works，故选B。考查固定搭配。“对某人友好”的固定表达是bekindtosb，为高频搭配，故选C。考查形容词辨析。结合后文“ZhangHuaismybestfriend”和“playfootballtogether”可知，此处指“有很多朋友”，many修饰可数名词复数friends，符合语境，故选D42.考查一般现在时第三人称单数。主语He是三单，描述爱好用一般现在时，实义动词like需变三单likes，故选A。43.考查一般现在时第三人称单数及固定搭配。“来自”的固定表达是comefrom，主语She是三单，come需变三单comes，故选B。44.考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数，hobby的复数形式为hobbies（以“辅音+y”结尾，变y为i加es），故选C。45.考查一般现在时的否定句。主语I是第一人称，否定实义动词like时，需加助动词don't，故选A。二、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）AMynameisTom.I'mfromLondon,theUK.MyparentsgotnewjobsinBeijinglastyear,soourfamilymovedhere.NowwelivenearNo.10MiddleSchool,whereI'mastudentinGrade7,Class2.Theschoolisonly10minutes'walkfrommyhome,soIusuallywalktoschool.Whenitrains,mydaddrivesme.Atschool,Ihavemanygoodfriends.MybestfriendisZhangWei—heoftenhelpsmewithmyChinesehomeworkbecauseIsometimesstrugglewithChinesecharacters.MyfavoritesubjectisChinese.Ithinkit’sinterestinganduseful,andIlovelearningaboutChineseculturefromthelessons.MyChineseteacherMrLiisfriendlyandhumorous,soeveryonelikeshisclasses.BesidesChinese,IlikePEtoo.Afterschool,IoftenplaybasketballwithZhangWeiandclassmatesontheplaygroundforanhour.Onweekends,Ihaveahappyroutine.OnSaturdaymornings,Igototheparkwithmyparentsforapicnic.Weeatsandwichesandfruit,andsometimesflykitesifthewindisnice.OnSundays,Isometimesvisitmygrandparentswithmyparents.TheyliveinasmallvillagenearBeijing,wheretheygrowvegetablesandfruits.Ioftenhelpthempicktomatoesandstrawberries,andmygrandmacooksdeliciousjiaoziforus.IreallyenjoymylifeinBeijing.Ilikethefriendlypeople,deliciousfood,andinterestingschoollife.IhopetolearnmoreaboutChinaandmakemorefriendshere.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。（）46.WhereisTomfrom?A.BeijingB.LondonC.NewYorkD.Paris（）47.HowdoesTomusuallygotoschool?A.BybikeB.BybusC.OnfootD.Bycar（）48.What'sTom'sfavoritesubject?A.EnglishB.MathC.ChineseD.History（）49.WhooftenhelpsTomwithhisChinesehomework?A.MrLiB.HisdadC.ZhangWeiD.Hisgrandparents（）50.WhatdoesTomoftendowhenvisitinghisgrandparents?FlykiteswiththemB.HelppickvegetablesandfruitsC.CookChinesefoodforthemD.VisittheForbiddenCitywiththem.【答案】46.B；47.C；48.C；49.C；50.B【解析】46.细节理解题。根据短文第一句“MynameisTom.I'mfromLondon,theUK.”可知，Tom来自伦敦，故选B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段“Theschoolisonly10minutes'walkfrommyhome,soIusuallywalktoschool.”可知，Tom通常步行上学，故选C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段“MyfavoritesubjectisChinese.”可知，Tom最喜欢的科目是语文，故选C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段“MybestfriendisZhangWei—heoftenhelpsmewithmyChinesehomework”可知，ZhangWei经常帮Tom辅导语文作业，故选C。50.细节理解题。根据短文第三段“Ioftenhelpthempicktomatoesandstrawberries”可知，Tom拜访祖父母时经常帮忙摘蔬菜和水果（西红柿、草莓属于此类），故选B。BDearPeter,Howareyou?I'mwritingtotellyouaboutmyschoollife.I'minClass2,Grade7.Myschoolisbigandbeautiful.Therearemanybuildingsinourschool:aclassroombuilding,alibrary,agymandadininghall.Ourclassroomisintheclassroombuilding.It'sbigandclean.Thereare40studentsinourclass.Wehavemanysubjectsatschool:Chinese,math,English,history,artandPE.MyfavoritesubjectisPE.Ilikeplayingsports.WehavePElessonstwiceaweek.AfterPEclass,Ioftenfeelhappyandrelaxed.MyfavoriteteacherisMsWang.Sheisourartteacher.Sheisverycreative.Sheteachesustodrawpicturesandmakecrafts.Wealllikeherclasses.Whataboutyourschoollife?Pleasewritetomesoon.Yours,LiHua根据短文内容，回答下列问题。51.WhichclassisLiHuain?________________________________52.HowmanybuildingsarethereinLiHua'sschool?________________________________53.What'sLiHua'sfavoritesubject?________________________________54.WhoisLiHua'sfavoriteteacher?________________________________55.WhatdoesMsWangteachLiHuatodo?________________________________【答案】51.Class2,Grade7.52.Four./Therearefourbuildingsinhisschool.53.PE.54.MsWang.55.SheteachesLiHuatodrawpicturesandmakecrafts.【解析】51.细节理解题。根据短文“I'minClass2,Grade7.”可直接得出答案。52.细节理解题。根据短文“Therearemanybuildingsinourschool:aclassroombuilding,alibrary,agymandadininghall.”可知，共有4栋建筑，直接数出数量即可。53.细节理解题。根据短文“MyfavoritesubjectisPE.”可直接得出答案。54.细节理解题。根据短文“MyfavoriteteacherisMsWang.”可直接得出答案。55.细节理解题。根据短文“Sheteachesustodrawpicturesandmakecrafts.”可知，MsWang教画画和做手工，直接摘抄原文信息即可。三、语法填空（每空1分，共10分）MynameisAmy.I56(be)12yearsold.IliveinSydney,Australia.IgotoNo.2PrimarySchool.Myfavoritesubject57(be)music.Ilikesinginganddancing.I58(can)playthepianoverywell.Iusually59(play)itafterschool.Myfamilyhasfourpeople:myfather,mymother,mybrotherandI.Myfatherisadriver.He60(work)hardeveryday.Mymotherisateacher.She61(teach)Englishinamiddleschool.Mybrotheris8yearsold.He62(like)playingtoys.He63(notlike)goingtoschool.Onweekends,weusually64(go)tothezoo.Welikeseeinganimals.Ilovemyfamily.We65(have)ahappylifetogether.56.【答案】am【解析】考查be动词。主语I对应be动词am，固定搭配。57.【答案】is【解析】考查be动词。主语Myfavoritesubject是单数，be动词用is。58.【答案】can【解析】考查情态动词can。根据语境“我钢琴弹得很好”，此处表示能力，用can（会），情态动词无三单变化。59.【答案】play【解析】考查一般现在时。主语I是第一人称，且有时间标志词usually，实义动词用原形play。60.【答案】works【解析】考查一般现在时三单。主语He是三单，且有时间标志词everyday，实义动词work变三单works。61.【答案】teaches【解析】考查一般现在时三单。主语She是三单，实义动词teach变三单teaches（以ch结尾的动词变三单加es）。62.【答案】likes【解析】考查一般现在时三单。主语He是三单，实义动词like变三单likes。63.【答案】doesn'tlike【解析】考查一般现在时的否定句。主语He是三单，否定实义动词like需加助动词doesn't，后面接动词原形like。64.【答案】go【解析】考查一般现在时。主语we是复数，且有时间标志词usually，实义动词用原形go。65.【答案】have【解析】考查一般现在时。主语we是复数，实义动词用原形have，描述客观存在的幸福生活，时态无误。（跨学科情境题）阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。（每题2分，共8分）DifferentCountries,DifferentSchoolLivesTherearemanydifferentcountriesintheworld.Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentschoollives.InFinland(芬兰),theschooldaystartsla