关于PLC技术外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

LuoYangEngineeringuniversitythegraduationdesignXXXPAGE2PAGE2洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文外文资料翻译ONPLCTECHNOIOGYAsPLCprogrammablecontrollerbasedonmicroprocessor,thecomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnologytodevelopanewindustrialcontroldevice.Itissimpleinstructure,convenientprogrammingandhighreliabilityect,hasbeenwidelyusedinindustrialprocessandthepositionoftheautomaticcontrol.Accordingtostatistics,programmablecontrollerisappliedinindustrialautomationdevicesmostkindequipment.PLCisintraditionalsequencecontrollerbasedonintroducingmicroelectronicstechnology,computertechnologyandautomaticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnologyandthenewformofindustrialcontroldevice.EarlyoninthefunctionofPLCcontrol,whichcanonlycarryonthelogicalalternativerelay,contactorofsequencecontrol,socalleditaprogrammablecontroller.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,nowisnotonlythelogicaloperationfunctionofPLC,alsohasthearithmetic,analogprocessingandcommunicationnetworketc.Function.Afterenteringintothe21stcenturytothetwomaindirectionofPLCcontrolsystemintegration:oneisthefactory,thecontroloftheproductionprocessandmanagementinformationsystemcloselycombinedfortheMESandevenuptothefoundationinERPsystem,thistrendwillmakeropeyERPsystemhasasolidfoundation,2themicroprogrammablecontroller,smallvolume,thefunctioncancovertheentireworkshopequipmentandcontrolandhavecannetworking.Automationsystembyuseofvarioustypes,haveaplentyofcentralizedcontrol,haveinstalledintheproductionofdecentralizedinstalledineverysingledevice,althoughtheyareinhighvoltagecircuitandheavyequipmentintheformofelectromagneticenvironment,butbadforindustrialproductionenvironmentanddesignofcontroldevice,inthedesignandmanufactureprocessusingmulti-levelanti-interferencemeasuresandselectedelements,ithasstrongerabilitytoadapttobadindustrialenvironments,theoperationstabilityandhighreliability,thusgenerallydonotneedtotakeanyspecialmeasurescanbedirectlyusedinindustrialenvironment.Controlequipment.Becauseofusingmodernlargescaleintegratedcircuittechnology,adoptingstrictproductionprocessmanufacturing,internalcircuitadoptedadvancedanti-interferencetechniques,andhashighreliability.SuchasmitsubishseriesproductionofhighMTBFto30millionhours.SomeuseredundancyofCPUtimeislongeraveragetrouble-free.Fromthemachineusedforcircuit,controlsystem,andthesameformofrelaycontactsystem,electricalwiringandcomparedtoswitchcontactshaveonehundredsandeventhousandsoffaultisgreatlyreduced.Inaddition,withhardwarefailuresfunction,malfunctioncantimelywarningmessage.Insoftwareapplications,userscanalsointoouterdeviceoffaultdiagnosisprocedure,makesysteminadditiontothecircuitandequipmentoutsideforfaultdiagnosis.So,thesystemhashighreliability,Iwouldn'tbesurprised.Mechanicalmanufacturingindustryinthefurnaceofmetalheattreatment,needtoconsumelargeamountsofenergy,andthetemperaturecontrolisthefirst-orderlaggingpureinertiallink.Existingenterprisewithregularinstrumentationandcontroltheintermittentcontact,alongwiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyprogressandproductionequipment,thiskindoftemperaturecontrolrequirementsincreasinglyhighprecisiontemperaturecontrol,exceptfortemperaturerise,speedanddecreasingspeedalsoputforwardsomecontrollablerequirements,obvioustomeettheseconventionalcontrolprocessrequirements.Withmicroelectronicstechnologyandelectronictechnologydevelopment,usingpowerfulfunction,smallvolume,lowpriceofintelligenttemperaturecontroldevicecontrolfurnacehasbecomeareality.PLCisakindofspecialindustrialautomationcontrolusedincomputer,computercontrol.BelongsPLCandcomputer,ingeneralorspecificCPU,awordprocessor(word)operationsanddatastorage,inadditiontoaprocessor(Booleanprocessor),(a)operationandcontrol.PLCcontrolgenerallyhavehighreliability,easyoperationandmaintenance,withsimpleprogramming,flexibility,etc.1.Thereliabilityoftheproduct,service,includingthevalidityandreliabilityofproductscanbemaintainability(1)PLCdon'tneedAlotofactivitiesandwiringcomponentsofelectroniccomponents,whichgreatlyreducedwiring,meanwhile,systemmaintenanceandmaintenancetimeisshort.(2)PLCadoptedaseriesofreliabilitydesignmethodfordesigning,forexample,redundancydesign,electricityprotective,faultdiagnosisandinformationprotectionandrestoration,andreducethemlMTBFTRmakereliability.(3)PLChavehigheroperability,ithassimpleprogramming,convenientoperationandmaintenanceeasycharacteristics,suchasgeneralnotoperatingerrors.(4)PLCisforindustrialproductionprocesscontrolandspecialdesignofcontroldevice,ithasmorethangeneralcomputercontrolofsimpleprogramminglanguagesandmorereliablehardware.Usingreducedtheprogramminglanguage,programming,andgreatlyreducetheerrorrateisbadforindustrialdesignofhardwareoperatingenvironmenttogreatlyimprovethereliability.(5)InPLChardware,adoptedaseriesofmeasurestoimprovereliability.Forexample,usingthereliabilityofthecomponents:theadoptionofadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyline,Interferenceshielding,isolationandfiltering,etc.Toprotectthepowersupply,Thecontentsofstorage.(6)PLCsoftware,alsoadoptedaseriesofmeasurestoimprovethesystemreliability.Forexample,usingsoftwarefilter,Sincethediagnosticsoftware,Simplifyingprogramminglanguage,etc.2.Operability,PLCoperabilityperformanceinthefollowingaspects(1)ConvenientoperationofthePLCoperationincludinginputandprocedureofchange.MostoftheadoptedPLCprogrammerinputandthechangeofoperation.Aprogrammingconsoleprovidesinputinformation,atleast,toshowthePLC,programmingandadoptedtheCRTscreendisplay,therefore,theprogramcanshowtheinputdirectly.Theprogramoperationmayalsodirectlyaccordingtothedesiredaddress,contactnumberorsearchororderforchange,andthen.ChangesintheinformationcanbedisplayedontheLCDscreenorCRT.(2)Programming,convenientPLChasavarietyofprogramminglanguageisavailable.Forelectricaltechnicians,becausetheladderdiagramandelectricaldiagramapproaches,easytolearnandunderstand.UsingBooleanmnemonicsprogramminglanguage,veryhelpsprogrammersprogramming.(3)ConvenientmaintenancePLChassincediagnosisfunctionofmaintenancepersonnelmaintenanceskills.Whenafaultoccurs,throughthehardwareandsoftwareofthediagnosisandmaintenancepersonnelcanquicklyfindfault,somaintenance.3.Flexibility,theflexibilityofPLCinthefollowingaspects(1)Programmingflexibility.UsingPLCprogramminglanguageshaveladderdiagram,Booleanmnemonics,functionchart,functionmoduleandstatementsdescribingprogramminglanguage.Thediversityoftheprogrammingmethodmakesprogrammingconvenient,applicationdevelopment.(2)Expansionofflexibility.TheexpansionofPLCisitsflexibilityisanimportantcharacteristic.Itcanbeusedaccordingtothescaleofdifferent,canexpandcapacity,function,applicationandtheexpansionofcontrol.(3)Operatingflexibility.Operationisflexibleandconvenient,monitoringandcontrolbecomesveryeasily.关于PLC技术可编程控制器简称PLC是以微处理器为基础，综合了计算机技术、自动控制技术和通讯技术发展而来的一种新型工业控制装置。它具有结构简单、编程方便、可靠性高等优点，已广泛用于工业过程和位置的自动控制中。据统计，可编程控制器是工业自动化装置中应用最多的一种设备。PLC是在传统顺序控制器的基础上引入微电子技术、计算机技术、自动控制技术和通信技术而形成的新型工业控制装置。早期的可编程控制器在功能上只能进行逻辑控制，即替代继电器、接触器为主的各种顺序控制，因此称它为可编程控制器。随着技术的发展，现在的PLC不仅具有逻辑运算功能，还具有算术运算、模拟量处理和通信联网等功能。进入21世纪后PLC主要向两个方向扩展：一是综合化控制系统，将工厂生产过程控制与信息管理系统密切结合起来甚至向上为MES和ERP系统准备了基础，这种发展趋势将使举步维艰的ERP系统具有坚实的基础；二是微型可编程控制器体积小，功能可覆盖单体设备及整个车间的控制并具备可联网功能。自动化系统中所使用的各种类型，有的是集中安装在控制室，有的是分散安装在生产现场的各单机设备上，虽然它们大多处在强电电路和强电设备所形成的恶劣电磁环境中，但是专门为工业生产环境而设计的控制装置，在设计和制造过程中采用了多层次抗干扰和精选元件措施，故具有较强的适应恶劣工业环境的能力、运行稳定性和较高的可靠性，因此一般不需要采取什么特殊措施就可以直接在工业环境使用。高可靠性是电气控制设备的关键性能。由于采用现代大规模集成电路技术，采用严格的生产工艺制造，内部电路采取了先进的抗干扰技术，具有很高的可靠性。例如三菱公司生产的FX系列平均无故障时间高达30万小时。一些使用冗余CPU的平均无故障工作时间则更长。从的机外电路来说，使用构成控制系统，和同等规模的继电接触器系统相比，电气接线及开关接点已减少到数百甚至数千分之一，故障也就大大降低。此外，带有硬件故障自我检测功能，出现故障时可及时发出警报信息。在应用软件中，应用者还可以编入外围器件的故障自诊断程序，使系统中除以外的电路及设备也获得故障自诊断保护。这样，整个系统具有极高的可靠性也就不奇怪了。机械制造行业中，用于金属热处理的加热炉，需要消耗大量的电能，而且温度控制是纯滞后的一阶惯性环节。现有企业多采用常规仪表加接触器的断续控制，随着科技进步和生产的发展，这类设备对温度的控制要求越来越高，除控温精度外，对温度上升速度及下降速度也提出了可控要求，显而易见常规控制难于满足这些工艺要求。随着微电子技术及电力电子技术的发展，采用功能强、体积小、价格低的智能化温度控制装置控制加热炉已成为现实。PLC是一种用于工业自动化控制的专用计算机，实质上属于计算机控制方式。PLC与普通微机一样，以通用或专用CPU作为字处理器，实现通道(字)的运算和数据存储，另外还有位处理器(布尔处理器)，进行点(位)运算与控制。PLC控制一般具有可靠性高、易操作、维修、编程简单、灵活性强等特点。1.可靠