陕西省延安市延安新区2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2/2陕西省延安市延安新区2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解CrystalCruisers-LuxuryEveryDayWhatdoyouplantodothissummervacation?Doyouwanttotraveloverthesea,experiencetheoceanwaveandenjoythewonderfulseascenery?Ifthat’swhatyouwant,comeandsailonaCrystalCruiseship(游轮).Wehavethreeships:TheCrystalQueen,TheCrystalPrincess,TheCrystalPalace.ComeandsailinLuxury(游轮)oncruisersaroundtheCaribbeanSeafor7or14days.Ourseven-daycruisecosts$2,000andourtwo-weekcruiseis$3,500.Atypicaloneweekcruise:DayOne-setofffromMiamiDayTwo-freedayinNassau,intheBahamasDayThree-nearHaitiDayFour-VisitPuertoRicoandAntiguaDayFive-freedayinBarbadosDaySix-freedayinPortofSpain,TrinidadDaySeven-traveltoCaracas,VenezuelaDayEight-flyhomeAllfoodanddrinksisincludedinthepriceofyourcruise(exceptforthewines).Ourcruiseshipsallhaveacinema,afivestarrestaurant,atheatre,alibraryandagym(健身馆).However,youhavetopayextramoneytoenjoythefilmsandplays.Ifyouprefertogoonacruiseinanotherpartoftheworld,wealsoorganizecruisesintheBalticSeaandtheMediterranean.Ourshipscarryover2,000passengersandwehavenearly600crewmembersinall.Socomeonboardtodayfortheholidayofalifetime!Callimmediately’msureyouwillenjoyyourluxurycruiseshipjourneyverymuch!1．What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toadvertisesummerholidaycruises.B．Toofferinstructiononhowtosailonacruiseship.C．Togivesuggestionsontakingsummervacation.D．Toshareanexperienceofasailingjourney.2．WhencantravelerswanderaboutTrinidad?A．Onthethirdday. B．Onthefourthday.C．Onthefifthday. D．Onthesixthday.3．Whatcanpeopledoonthecruiseshipsforfree?A．Seefilmsinthecinema. B．Enjoyplaysinthetheater.C．Havesomewines. D．Dosportsinthegym.【答案】1．A2．D3．D【分析】本文是应用文。广告介绍了一场豪华游轮之旅。1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Whatdoyouplantodothissummervacation?Doyouwanttotraveloverthesea,experiencetheoceanwaveandenjoythewonderfulseascenery?Ifthat'swhatyouwant,comeandsailonaCrystalCruiseship(游轮).(这个暑假你打算做什么？你想不想去海上旅行，体验海浪，欣赏美丽的海景？如果那是你想要的，来乘坐水晶游轮吧)”可知，本文介绍了水晶游轮，文章的主要目的是为暑期游轮做广告。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“DaySix-freedayinPortofSpain,Trinidad.(第六天在西班牙港免费游览特立尼达拉岛)”可知，旅行者可以在第六天去特立尼达拉岛漫步，故选D。3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“Allfoodanddrinksisincludedinthepriceofyourcruise(exceptforthewines).Ourcruiseshipsallhaveacinema,afivestarrestaurant,atheatre,alibraryandagym(健身馆).However,youhavetopayextramoneytoenjoythefilmsandplays.(所有的食物和饮料都包括在您的邮轮价格里（除了葡萄酒）。我们的游轮上有电影院、五星级餐厅、剧院、图书馆和健身房。然而，你必须付额外的钱才能欣赏电影和戏剧)”可知，A项Seefilmsinthecinema(在电影院看电影)，B项Enjoyplaysinthetheater(在剧院欣赏戏剧)和C项Havesomewines(喝酒)都是收费的，D项Dosportsinthegym(在体育馆做体育运动)是免费的，故选D。Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisMichiganfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(衬裤),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround-4℃.Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.“Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30pm,”Bobexplained.“ButmyKelseycame.Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.”Kelsey’scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake.“Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,”Bobrecalled.“Shekeptmewarm.IknewIcouldn’tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.”Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob’sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30pmonNewYear’sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(冻疮).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,“Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...Hewasveryfortunate.”Bobsaid,“IwasverygratefultobothDr.ColenandmyKelsey.Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!”4．WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear’sEve?A．Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse. B．Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.C．Hebrokehisneckandcouldn’tmove. D．Heheardhisneighbor’sshoutingforhelp.5．WhydidKelseykeepbarking?A．Tokeepwarm. B．Tostayalive.C．TokeepBobawake. D．Toseekhelpfromothers.6．HowdoesDr.ColenfeelaboutKelsey?A．Helpful. B．Fortunate. C．Terrible. D．Friendly.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ANeck-breakingAccident B．TheMagicNightC．WarmthonaWinter’sNight D．DeterminationtoKeepAlive【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．C【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述独居老人鲍勃（Bob）在圣诞夜去门外拿木材却不慎摔倒，伤到了脖子不能动弹。他在雪地里躺了20个小时，是他的狗凯尔西（Kelsey）一直陪伴他给他取暖并一直呼救，他非常感谢凯尔西。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.(一只名叫凯尔西的五岁小狗因帮助救了主人的命而被誉为英雄，主人在雪地里滑倒摔断了脖子。)”可知，鲍勃圣诞夜在雪地里滑倒摔断了脖子。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“ButmyKelseycame.Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.(但我的凯尔西来了。第二天早上，我的声音消失了，我无法大声呼救，但凯尔西并没有停止吠叫。)”可知，凯尔西一直吠叫是为了呼救。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,“Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...Hewasveryfortunate.”(治疗鲍勃的医生ChaimColen说：“动物可以帮助他，他的狗真的救了他……他很幸运。”)”可知，医生ChaimColen认为，凯尔西很有帮助。故选A。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.(一只名叫凯尔西的五岁小狗因帮助救了主人的命而被誉为英雄，主人在雪地里滑倒摔断了脖子。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述小狗在寒冷的雪地救了主人的故事。故选C。Newresearchhasfoundthatevenifyougiveupsmoking,thedamageithasdonetoyourgenes(基因)willstaythereforamuchlongertime.Intheresearch,ateamofUSscientistsstudiedthebloodof16,000people.Amongthem,someweresmokers,someusedtosmoke,andtherestwerenon-smokers.Scientistscomparedtheirgenesandfoundthatmorethan7,000genesofsmokershadchanged—anumberthatisone-thirdofknownhumangenes.AccordingtoNBCNews,bothheartdiseaseandcancerarecausedbygeneticchanges.Somepeoplemayhavehadthechangeswhentheywereborn,butmostpeoplegetthemintheirday-to-dayliveswhiledoingthingslikesmoking.Whenyoustopsmoking,alotofthesegeneswillreturntonormalwithinfiveyears.Thismeansyourbodyistryingtoheal(治愈)itselfoftheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.Butthechangesinsomeofthegenesstayforlonger.Theycanstayforaslongas30years.It’salmostlikeleavingafootprintonwetcement(水泥)-itwillalwaysbethere,evenwhenyou’vewalkedawayandwhenthecementbecomesdry.Althoughthestudyresultsmaymakepeopleunhappy,thereisabrightside:thefindingscouldhelpscientistsinventmedicinetotreatgeneticdamagecausedbysmokingorfindwaystotellwhichpeoplehaveheartdiseaseorcancerrisks.8．ThefunctionofParagraph1isto.A．giveanexample B．showtheblackgroundofthepassageC．makeanargument D．introducethetopicofthepassage9．Mostgeneticchangeshappenbecauseof.A．people’sconditionatbirth B．environmentalpollutionC．people’sbadlivinghabits D．heartdiseaseandcancer10．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4refersto.A．thecement B．thefootprintC．theharmfuleffects D．thegeneticchange11．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Thefindingscan’thelpscientiststofindwaystotellwhichpeoplehaveheartdisease.B．Thefindingshavepreventedmorepeoplefromstartingsmoking.C．Thefindingsofferevidencethatadamagedgenecanhealitself.D．Thefindingshelpscientiststofindcuresforgeneticdamagecausedbysmoking.【答案】8．D9．C10．B11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现即使已经戒烟，它对基因造成的伤害还会保留很长的时间，基因变化会使人患心脏病和癌症。8．推理判断题。由第一段“Newresearchhasfoundthatevenifyougiveupsmoking,thedamageithasdonetoyourgenes(基因)willstaythereforamuchlongertime.(一项新的研究发现，即使你戒烟了，它对你基因造成的损害将在更长的时间内持续存在)”可知，新的研究发现，即使你戒烟，它对你的基因造成的损害也会在身体里停留更长的时间。以及下文通过实验说明这一问题的和具体的影响，所以第一段点明了短文的主题。故选D项。9．细节理解题。由第三段“Somepeoplemayhavehadthechangeswhentheywereborn,butmostpeoplegetthemintheirday­to­dayliveswhiledoingthingslikesmoking.(有些人可能在出生时就有了这些变化，但大多数人在日常生活中会因为吸烟等行为而产生这些变化)”可知，有些人可能在出生时基因就已经发生了变化，但大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中如吸烟所导致的。所以大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中不良的生活习惯导致的。故选C项。10．词句猜测题。由第四段“It’salmostlikeleavingafootprintonwetcement(这几乎就像在湿水泥上留下一个脚印)”可知，这几乎就像在湿水泥上留下一个脚印，而it应是代指前文提到的事物，结合句意，第4段中带下划线的it一词是指“足迹”。故B选项正确。11．细节理解题。由最后段“thefindingscouldhelpscientistsinventmedicinetotreatgeneticdamagecausedbysmokingorfindwaystotellwhichpeoplehaveheartdiseaseorcancerrisks.(这些发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗由吸烟引起的基因损伤，或者找到方法来判断哪些人有心脏病或癌症的风险)”可知，这项发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗吸烟造成的基因损伤，或者找到方法来判断哪些人患有心脏病或癌症。所以D选项“Thefindingshelpscientiststofindcuresforgeneticdamagecausedbysmoking.(这些发现有助于找到治疗吸烟引起的基因损伤的方法)”是正确的。故D选项正确。Chinaisknownforitslonghistory,richculture,andcutepandas.It’salsoknownforsomeoftheworstairqualityintheworld.ButtheAsiancountryisnowusinganaturalweaponagainstairpollution–trees.InFebruary,China’sgovernmentannouncedplanstocoveratleast32,400squaremileswithforest.ThatisaboutthesizeofIreland.Some60,000soldierswilltakechargeofthetree-plantingprogram.MostofthetreeswillbeplantedinHebeiProvince.ThatisanareasurroundingChina’scapital,Beijing.HuangWeiisanenvironmentalistwhoworksforGreenpeaceEastAsia.Sheisoptimisticabouttheplan.“Treesactasasinktoabsorbcarbondioxideandotherpollutants,”shesaid.CarbondioxideisagasthattrapstheEarth’sheat.Itcontributestoglobalwarming.WhyisChina’sairfilledwithharmfulchemicals?It’sbecausethecountryreliesoncoal-firedpowerplants.Whencoalisburned,PM2.5isproduced,PM2.5isapollutant.Itcancauseshortnessofbreath,heartattacks,andevendeath.Justtwoyearsago,pollutionlevelsweresohighinBeijingthatschoolsandfactorieshadtoclose.HuanghopesChina’stree-plantingplanwillreducethenation’ssufferingfromairpollution.TheChinesegovernmentisgettinghelpfromothersinitsdrivetomakethenationgreener.StefanoBoeriisanItalianarchitectandurbanplanner.Heisleadinganefforttoplantvertical（垂直的）forestsinChina.Boeri’sdesignshavealreadytakenrootinthecityofNanjing,China.That’swheretheNanjingGreenTowersareunderconstruction.Thebuildinghastwotowers.Thousandsoftreesandhangingplantswillgrowonthebalconiesandrooftops.Boerisayshisgoalistodesignbuildingsthathelptheenvironmentandimproveairquality.Healsohopestoencourageanewgenerationofgreenarchitects.12．What’sChina’ssolutiontotheairpollutionproblem?A．Closingthefactories. B．Plantingmoretress.C．Usingnaturalgas. D．Makingmorerules.13．What’stheHuangWei’sattitudetothenewplan?A．Puzzled. B．Confident.C．Uncertain. D．Unconcerned.14．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“contributesto”inparagraph3?A．leadsto B．attachestoC．getscloseto D．looksforwardto15．What’sspecialaboutBoeri’sbuildingdesigninChina?A．Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.B．Itisbasedonclassicalbuildings.C．Itoftenfeaturestwotowers.D．Itaimstosavepublicspace.【答案】12．B13．B14．A15．A【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国政府为了应对空气污染实施的一项植树造林计划以及其他努力。12．细节理解题。根据第一段ButtheAsiancountryisnowusinganaturalweaponagainstairpollution–trees.和第二段InFebruary,China’sgovernmentannouncedplanstocoveratleast32,400squaremileswithforest.ThatisaboutthesizeofIreland.Some60,000soldierswilltakechargeofthetree-plantingprogram.可知，中国应对空气污染的自然武器是植树造林，故选B。13．推理判断题。根据第三段HuangWeiisanenvironmentalistwhoworksforGreenpeaceEastAsia.Sheisoptimisticabouttheplan.和第五段HuanghopesChina’stree-plantingplanwillreducethenation’ssufferingfromairpollution.可知，黄薇对中国的植树造林工程乐观自信，故选B。14．猜测词义题。此处指二氧化碳是一种能吸收地球热量的气体。它导致了全球变暖。划线的“contributesto”在此意为“导致”，与leadsto同义，故选A。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段Boerisayshisgoalistodesignbuildingsthathelptheenvironmentandimproveairquality.可知，Boeri的目标是设计有助于环境和改善空气质量的建筑，故选A。二、七选五TipsforGreenTravelwithKidsTravelingdoesn’tmeanlettinggoofalltheeco-friendlychoicesweworksohardtoachieveinourdailylife.Hereareafewtipsforgreentravelwithkids:Bookingnonstopflightswheneverpossiblewillreducecarbonemissions(碳排放).16,checkinwithotherlocalairportstoseeifnonstopflightsareavailable.Youmighthavetodriveabitfurther,butsavingoncarbonemissionsmakesitworthwhile.Whetheryou’reflyingordriving,it’seasywhentravelingtopullintofastfoodrestaurantsforsnacks.17.Mykidslovetohelpplansnacks.Iletthemcreatetheirownsnacksforthetripathome.Reusablewaterbottlesareeasytobringalongwheneveryoutravel.Attheairport,keepyourreusablebottlesemptyuntilyouhavepassedthroughthesecurity(安检).18.Single-useplasticwaterbottlescreateunnecessarywasteandtheplasticcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.19.Openafewwindowsandtumofftheairconditioner.Youshouldalsohelpyourchildrenkeeptheirgood,greenhabitsfromhometoplacewhiletraveling.Sometimesvacationcanmeanmorethanoneshowereachday—onceinthemorningandagainaftergettingoutofthepool.Payattentiontothenumberofshowersandthelengthofshowers.20.A．ToomuchcarbonemissionsseriouslypollutetheenvironmentB．ButyoucanpackhealthyfoodbeforestartingoffC．Inthisway,youcansavewaterandenergyD．FillthemupontheothersideofthesecuritycheckpointE．SecuritycheckisanecessarypartofeachtripF．SaveenergybyturningoffthehotelroomlightswhenyouheadoutforthedayG．Iftheclosestlocalairportdoesn’thavenonstopflightstoacertainplace【答案】16．G17．B18．D19．F20．C【导语】本文是说明文。文章就我们在日常生活中可以做到的环保行为以及带孩子绿色出行给出了几点建议。16．根据前文“Bookingnonstopflightswheneverpossiblewillreducecarbonemissions.(尽可能预订直达航班将减少碳排放)”可知，本段主要讲述尽可能预订直达航班将减少碳排放，再根据后文“checkinwithotherlocalairportstoseeifnonstopflightsareavailable.(那就向当地其他机场查询一下，看看是否有直达航班)”可知，G项“Iftheclosestlocalairportdoesn’thavenonstopflightstoacertainplace(如果最近的当地机场没有直达某个地方的航班)”和后文构成逻辑关系，且符合本段主题，也和后文形成主从复合句。故选G项，17．根据前文“Whetheryou’reflyingordriving,it’seasywhentravelingtopullintofastfoodrestaurantsforsnacks.(无论你是坐飞机还是开车，旅行时很容易去快餐店吃零食)”，而空格下一句“Mykidslovetohelpplansnacks.Iletthemcreatetheirownsnacksforthetripathome.(我的孩子们喜欢帮忙计划零食。我让他们在家里制作自己的零食)”则说我的孩子以及我喜欢在家制作旅行的零食。由此可知，前后句有转折关系，且和食物有关。所以B项“Butyoucanpackhealthyfoodbeforestartingoff(但是你可以在出发前带上健康食品)”符合本段语境。故选B项。18．根据前文“Reusablewaterbottlesareeasytobringalongwheneveryoutravel.Attheairport,keepyourreusablebottlesemptyuntilyouhavepassedthroughthesecurity.(无论何时旅行，可重复使用的水瓶都很容易随身携带。在机场，可重复使用的瓶子要空着，直到你通过安检)”可知，本段带孩子绿色出行小建议为重复使用水瓶。因为带重复利用的空瓶子进安检，所以需要过了安检后再装水喝。所以D项“Fillthemupontheothersideofthesecuritycheckpoint(在安全检查站的另一边加满)”符合本段语境。故选D项。19．分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Openafewwindowsandtumofftheairconditioner.Youshouldalsohelpyourchildrenkeeptheirgood,greenhabitsfromhometoplacewhiletraveling.(打开几扇窗户，关掉空调。你还应该帮助你的孩子在旅行时保持良好的环保习惯)”可知，这里讲的都是旅行中住酒店的一些环保小习惯，所以F项“Saveenergybyturningoffthehotelroomlightswhenyouheadoutfortheday(当你外出的时候，关掉酒店房间的灯来节省能源)”符合本段主题。故选F项。20．分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Sometimesvacationcanmeanmorethanoneshowereachday—onceinthemorningandagainaftergettingoutofthepool.Payattentiontothenumberofshowersandthelengthofshowers.(有时候度假意味着每天要洗不止一次澡——早上一次，从游泳池出来后再洗一次。注意洗澡的次数和时间)”可知，此处在讲节约用水的问题，所以C项“Inthisway,youcansavewaterandenergy.(这样，你可以节约水和能源)”符合文意。故选C项。三、完形填空Withhisleglameandhisteethuneven,theboythoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworld.He21playedwithhisclassmates,andwhenhewasaskedtoanswerquestions,healways22hisheadwithoutaword.Onespring,hisfatherbroughthomesomesaplings(树苗).23ofhischildrenwouldplantasaplingandhepromised,“Whoever24hissaplingbestshallgetagift.”Theboycertainlywantedtogetthegift.25seeinghisbrothersandsisterswateringthetrees,he26anidea:hehopedthetreeheplantedwoulddiesoon.Sowateringitonceortwice,henever27it.Severaldayslater,hewas28tofinditnotonlydidn’tdie,butalsogrewsomanyfresh29.Comparedwiththoseofhisbrothersandsisters,hisappearedgreener.Hisfatherkepthis30,boughttheboyagiftandsaidhewouldbecomeanoutstanding31aftergrowingup.Fromthenon,theboyslowlybecame32andconfident.Oneevening,hesuddenly33hisbiologyteacheroncesaidthatplants34growatnight.Whynotgotoseethetree?Whenhecametothecourtyard,hefoundhisfatherworkingnearthetree!Immediatelyhe35:Fatherhadbeensecretly36histree!Hereturnedtohisroom,tearsinhiseyes.Decadespassed.Theboydidn’tbecomeabotanist.37,hebecametheU.S.38.HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.39isthebestnourishment(滋养品)oflife.40itisjustabucketofwater,itcanmakethetreeoflifegrowwell!21．A．ever B．seldom C．still D．often22．A．held B．raised C．lowered D．covered23．A．Both B．None C．One D．Each24．A．likes B．protects C．grows D．watches25．A．And B．So C．Or D．But26．A．caredfor B．gotridof C．cameupwith D．putforward27．A．contributedto B．attendedto C．gotusedto D．turnedto28．A．surprised B．frightened C．disappointed D．amused29．A．films B．leaves C．clothes D．books30．A．word B．balance C．agreement D．opinion31．A．teacher B．gardener C．president D．botanist32．A．satisfied B．upset C．optimistic D．independent33．A．believed B．remembered C．repeated D．knew34．A．generally B．hardly C．recently D．probably35．A．doubted B．understood C．wondered D．admitted36．A．cutting B．decorating C．watering D．fertilizing37．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Moreover D．Instead38．A．lawyer B．doctor C．president D．teacher39．A．Love B．Water C．Disability D．Money40．A．Solongas B．Ifonly C．Nowthat D．Eventhough【答案】21．B22．C23．D24．C25．D26．C27．B28．A29．B30．A31．D32．C33．B34．A35．B36．C37．D38．C39．A40．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福小时候受到父亲的鼓励和帮助而变得自信，后来成为美国总统的故事。文章旨在告诉读者：爱是滋润孩子心灵最好的养料。21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很少和同学们一起玩，当被要求回答问题时，他总是低着头一言不发。A.ever曾经；B.seldom很少；C.still仍然；D.often经常。根据上文“Withhisleglameandhisteethuneven,theboythoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworld.”可知，这个小男孩很少跟同学一起玩。故选B。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很少和同学们一起玩，当被要求回答问题时，他总是低着头一言不发。A.held举办；B.raised提升，增加；C.lowered降低；D.covered覆盖。根据空后的“hisheadwithoutaword”可知，当被问问题时，这个小男孩总是低下头。故选C。23．考查代词词义辨析。句意：他的每个孩子都会种上一棵树苗，他承诺：“谁把树苗长得最好，就会得到一份礼物。”A.Both两者都；B.None没有；C.One一个；D.Each每个。根据“ofhischildrenwouldplantasapling”可知，他的每个孩子都种植一棵树。故选D。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的每个孩子都会种上一棵树苗，他承诺：“谁把树苗长得最好，就会得到一份礼物。”A.likes喜欢；B.protects保护；C.grows成长，生长；D.watches观看。上文提到每人种一棵树，此处是说谁种的树长得最好谁就会得到礼物。故选C。25．考查并列连词词义辨析。句意：但是当他看到兄弟姐妹们在给树浇水时，一个想法出现了：他希望他栽的树早日死去。A.And和；B.So因此；C.Or或者；D.But但是。上文提到“Theboycertainlywantedtogetthegift.”，下文提到“hehopedthetreeheplantedwoulddiesoon.”，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选D。26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是当他看到兄弟姐妹们在给树浇水时，一个想法出现了：他希望他栽的树早日死去。A.caredfor照顾；B.gotridof清理，清除；C.cameupwith想出；D.putforward提出。根据空后的“anidea”可知，他突然想到一个主意。故选C。27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以给它浇了一两次水，他就再也不照顾它了。A.contributedto有助于；B.attendedto照顾；C.gotusedto习惯于；D.turnedto转向，求助于。根据空前的“Sowateringitonceortwice”可知，他从来不照料这颗树苗。故选B。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他惊奇地发现它不仅没有死，而且长出了非常多新鲜的叶子。A.surprised惊讶的；B.frightened害怕的；C.disappointed感到失望的；D.amused愉快的。上文提到“Sowateringitonceortwice,henever7it.”可知，他从来不照顾这颗树，这颗树竟然没有死，因此感到很惊讶。故选A。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他惊奇地发现它不仅没有死，而且长出了这么多新鲜的叶子。A.films电影；B.leaves树叶；C.clothes衣服；D.books书。根据下文“hisappearedgreener.”可知，他的树长出了新鲜的叶子。故选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲信守诺言，给他买了一份礼物，说他长大后会成为一名出色的植物学家。A.word单词，话；B.balance平衡；C.agreement协议，同意；D.opinion观点。根据本空后的“boughttheboyagift”可知，父亲信守诺言，keepone’sword为固定短语，意为“信守诺言”。故选A。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲信守诺言，给他买了一份礼物，说他长大后会成为一名出色的植物学家。A.teacher老师；B.gardener园艺家；C.president总统；D.botanist植物学家。根据下文“Theboydidn’tbecomeabotanist.”可知，此处是信息词botanist的词汇复现。故选D。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，男孩慢慢变得乐观和自信。A.satisfied满意的；B.upset沮丧的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.independent独立的。上文说到小男孩认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，很自卑，此处是说通过这件事，小男孩变得乐观自信。故选C。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，他突然想起生物老师曾经说过，植物一般在晚上生长。A.believed相信；B.remembered记得；C.repeated重复；D.knew知道。根据“hisbiologyteacheroncesaid”可知，此处表示突然想起生物老师说过的话。故选B。34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，他突然想起生物老师曾经说过，植物一般在晚上生长。A.generally一般地，大体上地；B.hardly几乎不；C.recently最近地；D.probably大概。根据常识推断，生物老师曾经说过植物通常在夜间生长。故选A。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他马上明白了：爸爸一直在偷偷地给他的树浇水！A.doubted怀疑；B.understood理解；C.wondered想知道；D.admitted承认。根据“Whenhecametothecourtyard,hefoundhisfatherworkingnearthetree!”可知，他明白了原来是父亲在照料他的树。故选B。36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他马上明白了:爸爸一直在偷偷地给他的树浇水！A.cutting切；B.decorating装饰；C.watering浇水；D.pulling拉。根据上文“Sowateringitonceortwice”可知，小男孩只给小树苗浇了一两次水，此处是父亲在偷偷帮他浇水。故选C。37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩没有成为植物学家。相反，他成为了美国总统。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides此外，而且；C.Moreover此外；D.Instead反而。根据上文“Theboydidn’tbecomeabotanist.”下文提到“HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.”可知，小男孩没有成为植物学家反而成了美国总统。故选D。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩没有成为植物学家。相反，他成为了美国总统。A.lawyer律师；B.doctor医生；C.president总统；D.teacher老师。根据“HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.”可知，小男孩没有成为植物学家反而成了美国总统。故选C。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱是生命最好的养料。A.Love爱；B.Water水；C.Disability残疾；D.Money钱。由上文内容可知，父亲对小男孩的爱使他变得乐观自信，此处是说爱是最好的滋养品。故选A。40．考查从属连词辨析。句意：即使只是一桶水，也能让生命之树茁壮成长！A.Solongas只要；B.Ifonly要是……就好了；C.Nowthat既然，由于；D.Eventhough尽管，即使。由语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系。故选D。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Artisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.StylesinWesternart41(change)formanyyears.DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswas42(represent)religiousthemes.DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthose43(hold)intheMiddleAges.Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitude44life.Oneofthemostimportant45(discovery)duringthisperiodwashowtodrawthingsinperspective.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.In46late19thcentury,Europechanged47(quick),fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.Naturally,thesechangesalsoledtonewpaintingstyles.Amongthepainters48brokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists.TheImpressionistswerethefirstpainterstoworkoutdoors.Inasense,withouttheImpressionists,manyofmodernartstylesmightnotexist.Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernart49(be)sorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.Thesestylesareso50(difference)thatnoonecanpredictwhatpaintingstyleswillcomeintobeinginthefuture.【答案】41．havechanged42．torepresent43．held44．to/towards45．discoveries46．the47．quickly48．who49．are50．different【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述西方绘画历史。41．考查谓语动词。句意：西方艺术的风格已经改变了很多年。结合语境和时间状语formanyyears可知，谓语用现在完成时，主语styles是复数，助动词用have。故填havechanged。42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中世纪，画家的主要目的是表现宗教主题。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式作表语，表目的。故填torepresent。43．考查非谓语动词。句意：文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的那些观点和价值观。句中已有谓语动词replaced，空处填非谓语动词作定语，动词hold和被修饰的代词those是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式。故填held。44．考查固定搭配。句意：人们开始减少对宗教主题的关注，而采取更加人性化的生活态度。这里考查固定搭配attitudeto/towards，意为“对……的态度”。故填to/towards。45．考查名词的数。句意：这一时期最重要的发现之一是如何正确看待事物。oneof+名词复数，意为“……之一”，因此空处需填名词复数。故填discoveries。46．考查冠词。句意：19世纪末，欧洲快速从一个以农业为主的社会转变为一个以工业为主的社会。表示“在……世纪”用inthe+世纪。故填the。47．考查副词。句意见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，修饰动词changed，作状语。故填quickly。48．考查定语从句。句意：印象派是摆脱传统绘画风格的画家之一。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导定语从句，指人的先行词painters在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。49．考查谓语动词。句意：一方面，一些现代艺术是抽象的；另一方面，一些现代艺术的绘画是如此的逼真，以至于看起来像照片。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事实，谓语用一般现在时，主语是paintings，be动词用are。故填are。50．考查形容词。句意：这些风格是如此的不同，以至于没有人能够预测未来会产生什么样的绘画风格。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语。故填different。五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearTom,IamgladtohearthatyouaregoingtoCanadatostudy.SoIwaswritingtotellyouanythingaboutthiscountry.LocatinginNorthAmerica,Canadaisthesecondlargecountrywiththelargestnumberoflakesintheworld.Themajorityofpeoplelivesinthecenterofthecountry.However,Isuggestthatyoushouldchosetostudyintheeast,becausetherearemanyinternationalstudentsthereandthetuitionislower.Duringyoustudyyoucantakethepartinmoreactivitiesafterclass,whereyoucanmakemorefriendsfromdifferentcountry.Inthisway,yourlifewillrichandcolorful.Hopeyouwillhaveawonderfullifethere.Yours,LiMing【答案】1.was→am

2.anything→something

3.Locating→Located

4.large→largest

5.lives→live

6.chose→choose

7.you→your

8.删除take后的the

9.country→countries

10.life后加be/become【导语】本文为一篇应用文。李明得知Tom即将去加拿大学习，写信介绍加拿大的情况，并建议他到加拿大东部去学习。【详解】1.考查时态。句意：因此我写信是想告诉你关于这个国家的一些事情。根据前一句的时态“IamgladtohearthatyouaregoingtoCanadatostudy.(我很高兴听到你要去加拿大学习。)”可知，从此叙述现在的动作，应用现在进行时，主语为I，be动词应用am。故将was改为am。2.考查不定代词。句意：因此我写信是想告诉你关于这个国家的一些事情。本句句子为肯定句，“一些事情”应用不定代词something，anything在肯定句中意为“任何事情”，表“一些”时，多用于否定句或疑问句。故将anything改为something。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：加拿大位于北美，是世界上湖泊数量最多的第二大国。句子谓语动词为is，locate与逻辑主语Canada之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故将Locating改为Located。4.考查形容词最高级。句意：加拿大位于北美，是世界上湖泊数量第二多的国家。根据地点状语intheworld，可知比较范围，形容词应用最高级形式，用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”表达。故将large改为largest。5.考查主谓一致。句意：大多数人住在这个国家的中部。主语themajorityofpeople是复数意义，谓语动词应该用复数形式。故将lives改为live。6.考查虚拟语气。句意：但是，我建议你选择在东部学习，因为那里有更多的国际生，而且学费更低。此处suggest意思为“建议”，后面的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形；此处should省略，只用动词原形。故将chose改为choose。7.考查代词。句意：在你学习期间你可以参加更多的课外活动，在那里你可以交到更多来自不同国家的朋友。修饰名词study，应该用形容词性物主代词your，故将you改为your。8.考查冠词。句意：在你学习期间你可以参加更多的课外活动，在那里你可以交到更多来自不同国家的朋友。短语takepartin