Unit1课时3SectionA（GrammarFocus）课件-八年级英语下册【趣味课堂】课件（人教版2024）

Unit1TimetoRelaxSectionAGrammarFocusInfinitivesasadverbialsandobjectcomplementsLessonObjectives:Inthislesson,wewillbeableto:1.Masterthefunctionsofinfinitives(asadverbials&objectcomplements);Learnnewwords/phrases:getinto,giveitago...2.Useinfinitives(adverbials/objectcomplements)correctlyinsentences;Completegrammarexercises(4b/4c)andcreatedialogueswithtargetstructures.3.Cultivatetheawarenessofbalancinghobbies&rest;EnjoyexpressingdailyactivitiesviaEnglishgrammar.4Exercise&Homework目录CONTENTS1Leadin2Grammar3PracticeLean-inReadthesentencesandcircletheinfinitives(不定式).1.Mydad’steachingmetoplaytheguitar.2.Whydidyouchoosetoplaytheguitar?3.NowIdocalligraphytorelax.Canyouidentifywhatsentencecomponenttheyserveas?

(你能判断他们在句子做什么成分吗？)toplaytheguitar不定式作宾语补足语(teachsb.todosth.

教某人做某事)toplaytheguitar不定式作宾语(choosetodosth.

选择做某事)torelax不定式作目的状语ThinkingWhatcomponentscananinfinitiveverbserveas?(动词不定式能做哪些成分？)Andhowdoyoudeterminethem?

(又怎样判断呢？)Today,we'regoingtolearnhowtouseverbinfinitives.4aReadthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitive(不定式)inboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplement(宾语补足语)oradverbial(状语).Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.作目的状语作目的状语省略to的不定式作宾语补足语作宾语补足语getinto开始做某事；进入giveitago试一试某事Languagepoints4a1.Howdidyougetintopainting?

你是怎么开始画画的？

getinto开始做某事；进入e.g.MybrothergotintoChinesechesslastyear.

我哥哥去年开始对中国象棋产生兴趣。It'shardtogetintoacrowdedsubwayduringrushhour.

高峰时段很难挤进拥挤的地铁。拓展：getinto还可表示“处于（某种情形）；养成（某种习惯）”。e.g.Nobodywantstogetintotrouble.没有人想惹上麻烦。Hegotintothehabitofreadingbeforegoingtobed.

他养成了睡前读书的习惯。练习：世界上依然有很多人死于饥饿，我们应该养成节约粮食的习惯。Stilllotsofpeopleintheworlddieofhunger,soweshould___________thehabitofsavingfood.getintoLanguagepoints4a2.Idecidedtogiveitago.我决定试一试。

giveitago

试一试某事

此处go作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，复数形式为goes。e.g.Hewashesitantatfirst,buthedecidedtogiveitago.

他一开始犹豫，但还是决定试一试。Ittookthreegoestogetitright.试了三次才把它弄好。I'mnotsureitwillworkbutit'sworthago.

我不知道这是否可行，但是值得一试。拓展：at/inonego

一口气e.g.Rubyblewoutallhercandlesatonego.鲁比一口气吹灭了所有蜡烛。练习：我已经考虑这件事一段时间了，决定尝试一下。Ihavethoughtaboutitforsometime,soIdecide________________.

togiveitago语法知识导图动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语动词不定式作目的状语动词不定式作宾语补足语→可位于句首，也可位于句尾

表示目的或意图，通常意为“为了.....”(重点）用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后用于“希望、期望”类动词后用于使役动词和感官动词后（重点）用于其他动词后本单元重点讲动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语。TheinfinitivetodoGrammar1）不定式的形式

to＋动词原形：称为带to的不定式；

有时to可以省略：称为不带to的不定式。

其否定形式为“not＋to＋动词原形”。e.g.Hewantedtorun.（带to的不定式）他想跑。Lethimrun.（不带to的不定式）让他跑。Momwarnedmenottoplayfootballinthestreet.

妈妈警告我不要在街上踢足球注意:这里的to只是个语法符号，没有词义。不定式在句中

不能独立作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。TheinfinitivetodoGrammar2）动词不定式的用法

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的功能，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语（宾补）、定语、状语等。e.g.TolearnChinesewellisusefulforus.（作________）

(=It’susefulforustolearnChinesewell.)学好语文对我们有用。(动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语不定式置于句尾。)Mytasktodayistohelpyouwithyourhomework.（作________）

我今天的工作是帮助你完成作业。IdecidetovisitChangsha.（作_________）我决定去长沙旅游。Iheardhimsingeverymorning.（作________）我每天听到他唱歌。Wouldyouliketohavesomethingtodink？（作定语）你想喝点什么吗？Igetupearlytocatchthecarlybus.（作___________）

我每天早晨早起是为了赶早班公共汽车。主语表语宾语宾补(目的)状语Grammar考向1

动词不定式作目的状语①动词不定式（短语）作目的状语时，通常意为“为了······”，用于说明

动作的目的或意图。②动词不定式（短语）作目的状语时可放在句首，一般用逗号与后面

的内容隔开，也可放在句尾。e.g.Togetthereontime,theystartedearly.为了准时赶到那儿,他们很早就出发了。=Theystartedearlytogetthereontime.特别提醒：表示目的也可用inorderto和soasto，但soasto

通常

不位于句首。e.g.Hereadseverydayinorderto/soastoimprovewritingskills.

为了提高写作技能，他每天阅读。

练习：

（无锡中考）Thechildrendidalotofresearchinthelab__________(finish)thescienceproject.tofinishGrammar拓展：动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语

动词不定式（短语）作状语往往表示目的、结果或原因等。

①

作目的状语

作目的状语的动词不定式可置于句首，也可置于句末，

可与inordertodo互换。注意：常用于todo、inordertodo/soastodo等结构中,表示“为了做”。e.g.Hecameheretoseeme.他来这儿是为了见我。

②

作结果状语

常用于too....todosth.(太.......而不能做某事)、....enoughtodosth.(足够......做某事)、so/such...astodosth.(如此.......以至于做某事)等结构中。e.g.Heistooyoung_________(go)toschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.他太小了，不能去读书。togoGrammar拓展：动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语

动词不定式（短语）作状语往往表示目的、结果或原因等。③

作原因状语

不定式作原因状语时往往跟在表示高兴、愉快、生气、荣耀、遗憾等情感形容词之后，说明产生这种情感的原因。常用于beglad/sad/happy/sorry/pleased/surprised/disappointed/...todosth.结构中。e.g.I'mpleasedtobeinvitedtotalkhere.

我很高兴被邀请来这里谈话。练习：我很开心带领你们参观公园。(show...around)I’mveryglad___________________thepark.toshowyouaroundGrammar考向2

动词不定式作宾语补足语

用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构。

①用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后，如ask、tell、order、require、

allow、permit。e.g.Samaskedmetohelphim.萨姆让我帮助他。Theteacheralwaystellsusnottoswimintheriver.

老师总是叮嘱我们不要在河里游泳。②用于“希望、期望”类动词后，如want、wish、expect、wouldlike。e.g.Parentswanttheirchildrentogrowuphealthily.

父母希望孩子健康成长。Grammar③用于使役动词（如make、have、let等）和感官动词（如see、watch、

notice、hear、listento、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略to。e.g.Didyounoticeherleavethehouse？你注意到她离开屋子了吗？Isawhergetintothecar.我看见她上了车。Hisparentslethimsweepthefloor.他父母让他扫地口诀：

一感(feel)

二听

(hear,listento)

三使

(have,make,let)

四看(see,watch,notice,observe)

半帮助

(help)→动词不定式(短语)在help后作宾语补足语时，

可带to也可不带to。考向2

动词不定式作宾语补足语Grammar考向2

动词不定式作宾语补足语拓展：作宾语补足语

有的动词后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语；有的动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语（如：感官动词和使役动词后）。注意：这些感使动词在“主动变被动”时，to要补回来，let除外。e.g.Thebossmadetheworkersworklonghours.=Theworkersweremadetoworklonghoursbytheboss.

老板让员工长时间工作。练习：IhavealovelygoldfishandIoftenwatchit________happilyinthetank.A.swimsB.swimmingC.toswimD.swimDGrammar考向2

动词不定式作宾语补足语④用于其他动词后，如teach、warn、invite、encourage等。

练习：（云南中考改编）

Ourheadmasterwillinviteascientist__________(give)usaspeechonspacetechnology.解析：句意：我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于航天技术的演讲。invitesb.todosth.“邀请某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填togive。togiveGrammar拓展：疑问词+动词不定式“疑问词+动词不定式（短语）”

动词不定式（短语）可以和疑问代词who、whom、what、which或疑问副词when、how、where及连词whether连用构成“疑问词/连词+动词不定式（短语）”结构，该结构在句中充当主语、

宾语、表语等成分。e.g.Whattodoisanimportantthing.(作主语)

要做什么是一件重要的事情。Ican'tdecidewhattodo.(作宾语)我决定不了做什么。Thequestioniswhentostart.(作表语)问题是什么时候开始。练习：WhenIfeeldown,mybestfriendalwaysknowshow______meup.A.cheerB.cheeringC.tocheerD.cheersC挑战一：用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.(2025福建中考改编）Wewillattendtheteafestivalinourtown____________(learn)moreaboutteaculture.2.(2025宿迁中考改编）KittywillgototheEnglishCorner____________(practise)herEnglishthisSaturdayafternoon.3.Teachersoftenencourageus____________(work)hardtoachieveourdreams.4.IwatchedJohn____________(walk)acrossthestreetjustnow.tolearntopractisetoworkwalk挑战二：根据所给汉语完成句子。1.我们需要带些零食在野餐时吃。Weneedtotakesomesnacks____________________atthepicnic.2.妈妈告诉我不要在公园里摘花。Momtoldme____________________inthepark.3.在野营前，我请求我的朋友教我搭帐篷。Iaskedmyfriend____________________thetentbeforecamping.4.我们的老师提醒我们去远足时要带足够的水。Ourteacherremindsus____________________whenwegohiking.toeatnottopickflowerstoteachmetoputuptotakeenoughwater挑战三：阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的词，并用其正确形式填空。Todaywewenttothezoo.Thepandasinthezoowerereallycuteandtheymadeus1.____________Isawababylion2.____________toitsmother.MrWuaskedusnot3.____________theanimalstherebecauseitmightmakethemsick.Thistripwasmeaningfulbecauseithelpedus4._______________theimportanceofprotectinganimals.iking.

runlaughunderstandfeedlaughruntofeed(to)understand4bCompletetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe____________(decide)totryskiing.B:You'rewelcome.Try____________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme____________(fly)kiteswithherwhenit'swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I'dlovetowatchyou____________(fly)kitessometime.3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies____________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant____________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.4.A:Myparentstoldme____________(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it'simportant_______________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.decidetoforgettoflyflytorelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforgetmake使役动词+省略to的不定式作宾语补足语trytodosth.

作宾语asksb.todosth.

作宾语补足语(宾补)watchsb.dosth.(观看全过程)

省略to,作宾补作目的状语want

todosth.

作宾语tellsb.nottodosth.

作宾补pushoneselftoohard逼自己太狠It’s+adj.+(not)todosth.

it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语onceinawhile偶尔地；间或Languagepoints4b3.①

Itmademedecidetotryskiing．它让我决定尝试滑雪。

②Trytoforgetyourfearsandhavefun!

尽量忘记你的恐惧，玩得开心！

trydoingsth.

试着做某事

trytodosth.尽力做某事辨析：trydoingsth.与

trytodosth.

trydoingsth.

尝试做某事

表示尝试，并没有明确的目的性。

trytodosth.

努力做某事,尽力做某事

侧重为达到目的而努力。e.g.Wetriedtosetoffearly,buttherewasatrafficjam,sowehadto

tryfindinganotherway.我们尽量早出发了，但（因为）交通堵塞，

所以我们不得不尝试找另一条路。练习：Englishisveryimportant.Wemusttry________itwell.A.learningB.learnC.learnsD.tolearnDLanguagepoints4b4.Myparentstoldmenottopushmyselftoohard.

我父母告诉我不要逼我自己太狠。1）

push

v.督促；推

【动词】(1)督促；鞭策

pushoneselftoohard把自己逼得太紧

pushsb.todosth.督促／鞭策某人做某事e.g.Justrelax.Don'tpushyourselfsohard.

放轻松。别把自己逼得太紧。（枣庄中考）Ahealthycompetitivespiritcanpushpeopletotrytobebetter.

健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。（扬州中考）

（2）推

反义词是pull“拉”。e.g.YoupushandIpull.你推我拉。拓展：【及物动词】按下（按钮、开关等）

同义词是press。e.g.Igotinandpushedthebuttonforthefourthfloor.

我进去后按了去四楼的按钮。Languagepoints4b4.Myparentstoldmenottopushmyselftoohard.

我父母告诉我不要逼我自己太狠。2）myself

pron.我自己

【反身代词】在句中可作宾语、同位语或表语。e.g.Icanlookaftermyselfwell.

我可以照顾好自己。（作lookafter的宾语）I'llspeaktohermyself.我要亲自去跟她说。（作I的同位语）I'mnotmyselftoday.我今天不太舒服。（作表语）练习：1)Don’tpush________toohard.Ifyou’retired,restforawhile.A.youB.yourselfC.meD.myself2)WangChuqinandSunYingshamadehistoryacoupleofdaysago.Ibelievetheywillcontinuetopush________harderandgetbettergrades.A.himselfB.herselfC.themselvesD.yourselvesBCLanguagepoints4b5.Yes,it'simportantnottoforgettorelaxonceinawhile.

对，重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。

onceinawhile

偶尔地；间或

常用来表示频度，其前可加every，相当于nowandthen、attimes、fromtimetotime。e.g.Heusuallycooksathome,butonceinawhileheorderstakeout.

他通常在家做饭，但偶尔也会点外卖。练习：IlivefarawayfrommyparentssoIcanonlyvisitthem________.A.intimeB.onceinawhileC.inplentyoftimeD.ontimeBPracticeCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.Mydadencouragedme____________(keep)trying.2.Igototheparkeverymorning____________(run).3.Sheaskedhim____________(notbe)late.4.Weuseapps____________(learn)English.5.Iheardher____________(sing)inthenextroom.tokeepencouragesb.todosth.

作宾补torun作目的状语nottobeasksb.not

todosth.

作宾补tolearn作目的状语singhearsb.dosth.(听到全过程)

省略to,作宾补4cCompletethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends__________footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided____________afterthat.Hedoesn'tlikesportverymuch!Instead,helikes__________athomeand__________movies,__________tomusic,andchatwithfriendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.Theyalsowantedus__________moretimetogetherasafamily.So,nowtheyletus__________ourfavouriteactivitiesonSaturdays,butonSundays,wegoonafamilyoutingtogether!toplaynottocometostaywatchlistentospenddotostay,watch,listen,chat作likes的并列宾语letsb.dosth.使役动词let,省略to,作宾补

goonanouting外出游玩作目的状语作宾语作宾补stayathome待在家里chatwithsb.与某人聊天beworriedabout=worryabout

担心Languagepoints4c6.chat闲聊

chat

v.&n.闲聊（1）【不及物动词】过去式和过去分词为chatted，现在分词为chatting。

chatwithsb.与某人闲聊

chataboutsb./sth.

聊起某人／某事e.g.Hedoesn'tknowhowtochatwithothers.他不知道如何和别人聊天。Theyoftenchatabouttheirhobbies.他们经常聊他们的爱好。（2）【可数名词】

haveachatwithsb.=chatwithsb.

与某人聊天练习：Itisfunhavingachatwithyou.跟你聊天很有趣。=Itisfun__________________you.

chattingwithLanguagepoints4c7....butonSundays,wegoonafamílyoutingtogether!······但在周日，我们家会一起出外游玩！

outing

n.出外游玩；远足

通常指集体出外游玩或学习，时间一般不超过一天。

goonanouting出外游玩e.g.Thechildrenwereonaday'soutingfromschool.

孩子们离校游览了一天。TheywentonanoutingtothebeachlastSunday.

上周日他们去海滩游玩了。练习：()WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisprobablyNOTarecreation(消遣)?A.makingpottery(陶器)B.goingonanoutingC.watchingthestagedramaD.doinghouseholdchoresDKeyphrases1.开始做某事；进入___________2.放弃

_____________3.试一试某事_______________4.外出游玩

_______________5.偶尔地；间或

______________6.呆在家里

_______________7.逼自己太狠

________________________

getinto

giveup

giveitago

goonanouting

onceinawhile

stayathomepushoneselftoohardExercisesI.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Peterworkedextrahours___________(make)enoughmoneyfortheconcertticket.2.Remember____________(nottouch)thepaintingswhenyouareinthemuseum.3.Thecoachexpectedtheplayers___________(push)themselvesharderduringtraining.4.It'simportantforus___________(develop)theabilitytoaskquestions.5.___________(chat)withforeignfriendsontheinternetcanhelpusimproveourEnglishspeakingskills.tomakenottotouchtopushtodevelopChattingExercisesII.根据汉语提示完成句子（每空一词）。1.在电视上看了篮球比赛后，汤姆开始打篮球。AfterwatchingthebasketballgameonTV,Tom________________playingbasketball.2.游乐场里的新过山车看起来很刺激。让我们去试试吧！Thenewrollercoasterintheamusementparklooksexciting.Let's________________________________!3.我爷爷年轻时经常练功夫。现在他仍然能展示一些基本动作。Mygrandfatherusedto________________whenhewasyoung.Hecanstillshowsomebasicmovesnow.4.有时，在一整天的学习之后，我喜欢听古典音乐来放松自己。________________________________,Iliketolistentoclassicalmusictorelaxmyselfafterawholeday'sstudy.5.我们计划下个月去乡下郊游。我们可以在那里欣赏美丽的风景。Weplanto________________________________tothecountrysidenextmonth.Wecanenjoythebeautifulscenerythere.gotinto/tookupgiveitago/trydokungfuOnceinawhilego