Unit4语法专项-过去进行时后缀-less-ful课件仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

教学课件仁爱英语八年级上册

Unit4语法专项——过去进行时&一般过去时/后缀-less&-ful

全解精讲+分层练习学习目标1.掌握过去进行时的定义、结构和时间标志词2.区分过去进行时与一般过去时的用法差异3.熟练运用when/while连接两种时态的句子4.掌握-less和-ful的构词规则，能正确变词第一部分过去进行时-核心定义过去进行时表示过去某一具体时刻/时间段正在进行、尚未完成的动作核心强调动作的持续性和进行中不关注动作的完成结果，只描述过程状态例：Shewasreadingatthistimeyesterday.过去进行时-基本结构（一）肯定式主语+was/were+动词-ingI/he/she/it+was+动词-ingyou/we/they+were+动词-ing例句：IwaswatchingTVat8:00lastnight.

Theywereridingbikesinthepark.过去进行时-基本结构（二）否定式:主语+was/were+not+动词-ing缩写：wasn’t/weren’t例句：Hewasn’tdoinghishomeworkthen.Theyweren’tsingingattheparty.疑问式:Was/Were+主语+动词-ing？例句：Wasshejoggingat9:00a.m.?Wereyoureadingabookyesterday?过去进行时-时间标志词

类型具体标志词/短语例句具体时间点at7:00lastnight、atthistimeyesterdayHewasplayingfootballatthistimeyesterday.时间段from8to10lastmorning、duringthepartyWeweredancingduringtheparty.从句引导词when、while（表动作进行）Iwaswalkingwhentheraincame.过去进行时-核心用法1.强调过去特定时刻正在进行的动作2.描述过去一段时间内持续的动作3.用于情景描述，营造过去的氛围4.常与when/while连用，描述背景动作例：Thesunwasshiningandthebirdsweresinging.第二部分一般过去时-核心定义一般过去时表示过去发生并已完成的动作或过去存在的状态核心强调动作的完成性和一次性侧重描述“做了什么”，而非动作过程例：Hevisitedhisgrandmayesterday.一般过去时-基本结构肯定式：主语+动词过去式例句：Shefinishedherhomeworkjustnow.否定式：主语+didn’t+动词原形例句：Wedidn’tgototheparklastweek.疑问式：Did+主语+动词原形？例句：Didyouseeablackcatontheroad?一般过去时-时间标志词

类型具体标志词/短语例句过去时间点yesterday、lastweek、twodaysagoTheywenttoBeijinglastmonth.过去时间段in2023、inthepast、onceWelivedinShanghaiin2023.完成提示justnow、atthattime（侧重完成）Imetherjustnow.过去进行时&一般过去时-核心区别1.动作状态：进行时表“进行中”，过去时表“已完成”2.关注重点：进行时看过程，过去时看结果3.时间标志：进行时接具体时刻，过去时接宽泛过去时间4.句式搭配：进行时常作背景，过去时常作突发动作难点解析-when的用法when后可接一般过去时（短暂动作）主句用过去进行时（持续动作）例：Whenthebellrang,wewerehavingclass.when后也可接过去进行时（持续动作）主句用一般过去时（短暂动作）例：Whenwewerehavingclass,thebellrang.难点解析-while的用法while本身表“在……期间”，后只能接过去进行时（持续性动作）例：Whilemymomwascooking,Ididmyhomework.主句和从句均可接过去进行时表示两个持续性动作同时进行例：WhileIwasreading,mysisterwaslisteningtomusic.时态辨析-小技巧看到具体时间点（at8:00lastnight/atthistimeyesterday）优先用过去进行时看到宽泛过去时间（yesterday/lastweek/justnow）优先用一般过去时突发短暂动作用一般过去时，持续背景动作用过去进行时时态基础小练-用所给动词适当形式填空1.Mysister__________(draw)apictureat9:00a.m.yesterday.2.They_______(go)tothezoolastSundayand_______(see)manyanimals.3.I_______(notwatch)TVatthistimeyesterday.I________(read)anovel.4._______you_______(do)yourhomeworkwhenyourfathercameback?5.Theboys_______(play)footballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.wasdrawingwentsawwasn’twatchingwasreadingWeredoingplayed时态提升小练-选择填空1.—What_______he_______at8:00lastnight?—He_______amovieathome.A.did;do;watchedB.was;doing;waswatchingC.were;doing;watched2.I_______breakfastwhenthephone_______.A.had;rangB.washaving;wasringingC.washaving;rang3.Whilethey_______songs,theteachercamein.A.sangB.weresingingC.aresingingBCB第三部分形容词后缀-ful-构词规则-ful是名词变形容词的后缀直接加在名词后，表充满……的/具有……特征的多数单词拼写无变化，以y结尾的名词保留y例：help（名）→helpful（形）有帮助的use（名）→useful（形）有用的后缀-ful-常见例词与例句care→careful小心的例：Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.joy→joyful快乐的

例：Sheisjoyfulaboutthegoodnews.success→successful成功的

例：Heisasuccessfulwriter.wonder→wonderful极好的

例：Thetripwaswonderful.形容词后缀-less-构词规则-less是名词变形容词的后缀直接加在名词后，表没有……的/缺乏……的是-ful的反义后缀，拼写无需改变原词部分词可同时加-ful和-less，形成反义词例：help→helpless无助的use→useless无用的后缀-less-常见例词与例句care→careless粗心的

例：Hemadeacarelessmistakeintheexam.hope→hopeless无望的例：Don’tbehopeless,everythingwillbebetter.harm→harmless无害的

例：Thisanimalisharmlesstopeople.meaning→meaningless无意义的

例：It’smeaninglesstoarguewithhim.后缀-ful&-less-核心规律1.词性变化：均为名词变形容词，词根含义不变2.语义关系：同一词根加两者，通常构成反义词3.拼写规则：绝大多数直接加后缀，无额外变形4.用法：在句中作定语或表语，修饰人/物/事后缀基础小练-用-ful/-less形式填空1.Thisbookisvery__________(use)forourEnglishstudy.2.It’s__________(care)ofyoutoleaveyourbagonthebus.3.Thelittleboyfelt__________(help)whenhelosthisway.4.Themovieisso__________(joy)thateveryonelikesit.5.Thatbrokenpenis__________(use),youcanthrowitaway.usefulcarelesshelplessjoyfuluseless后缀提升小练-根据句意写单词1.Myteacherisa__________(有帮助的)person.(help)2.It’s_________(无意义的)tospendtoomuchtimeongames.(meaning)3.Sheisa__________(细心的)girl,shenevermakesmistakes.(care)4.Thelittlebirdis__________(无害的),don’tbeafraidofit.(harm)helpfulmeaninglesscarefulharmless语法综合小练（一）-填空1.Whilemydad__________(repair)thecar,I_________(do)myhomework.2.Theoldmanlivesalone,butheneverfeels__________(hope).3.They___________(nothave)dinnerathomelastnight.Theyateout.4.It’s__________(care)tofinishyourhomeworkcarefully.5.—What_______you_______(do)atthistimeyesterday?—I______________(listen)tomusic.wasrepairingwasdoinghopelessdidn’thavecarefulweredoingwaslistening语法综合小练（二）-句型转换1.Hewasplayingbasketballat4:00yesterdayafternoon.（改为否定句）2.WewenttotheparklastSunday.（对划线部分提问）3.Shewaswaitingforthebuswhentheraincame.（用while改写）4.It’susefultolearnEnglishwell.（改为反义句，用-less）5.Wasshereadingamagazineatthistimeyesterday?（作否定回答）Hewasn’tplayingbasketballat4:00yesterdayafternoon.WhatdidyoudolastSunday?Whileshewaswaitingforthebus,theraincame.It’suselesstolearnEnglishwell.No,shewasn’t.语法综合小练（三）-短文填词

LastSunday,I__________(go)totheparkwithmyfriend.At3:00p.m.,we__________(walk)bythelakewhenalittleboyfellintothewater.Wewere__________(help)atfirst,buta__________(care)manjumpedintothewaterandsavedhim.Theboy’smotherwassothankful.Itwasa__________(meaning)dayforus.wentwerewalkinghelplesscarefulmeaningful过去进行时&一般过去时-知识点总结1.过去进行时：was/were+doing，表过去进行的动作，接具体时刻2.一般过去时：动词过去式/did+原形，表完成的动作，接宽泛过去时间3.when：可接两种时态，连接短暂与持续动作4.while：后接过去进行时，可表两个持续动作