Unit1一般过去时课件外研版英语七年级下册

教学课件外研英语七年级下册

Unit1语法专项——一般过去时（SimplePastTense）

全解精讲+分层练习学习目标理解一般过去时的定义、核心用法及适用场景熟练掌握be动词、实义动词的过去式变化规则能正确运用一般过去时的四种基本句式（肯/否/疑/特）牢记不规则动词过去式，能在语境中灵活运用完成各类习题，提升时态运用的准确性一般过去时·定义详解核心定义：表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作也可表示过去一段时间内存在的状态关键标志：常与表示过去的时间状语连用常见时间状语：yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago,justnow简单区分：现在的动作/状态用一般现在时，过去的用一般过去时一般过去时·用法分类（一）用法1：表示过去一次性、短暂的动作这类动作已经结束，不延续到现在例句1：Shewatchedacartoonlastnight.（昨晚看卡通，已结束）例句2：Ifinishedmyhomeworktwohoursago.（两小时前完成作业）拓展：这类动作多为瞬间动词，如watch,finish,start等一般过去时·用法分类（二）用法2：表示过去存在的状态，持续一段时间，状态多由be动词、感官动词等体现例句1：Theywerehappyduringtheschooltrip.（旅行期间很开心）例句2：Theweatherwaswarmyesterday.（昨天天气温暖）拓展：状态动词如be,feel,look等，过去式体现状态核心知识点·be动词的过去式be动词原形：am,is,are变化规则（固定不变，需牢记）：am→was（主语为I/单数名词/不可数名词）is→was（主语为单数名词/不可数名词/第三人称单数）are→were（主语为复数名词/you/we/they）口诀：am/is变was，are变were，过去状态记清楚be动词过去式·否定与疑问形式否定形式：直接在was/were后加not，可缩写wasnot=wasn't；werenot=weren't疑问形式：把was/were提到主语前面，句末变问号例句（否定）：Shewasn'tlateforclassyesterday.例句（疑问）：Wereyouathomelastnight?be动词过去式·例句练习1.IwasastudentinGrade6lastyear.（否定句）2.Theyweren'tfreelastweekend.（肯定句）3.Wasyourfatheratworkyesterday?（回答）4.Werethebooksonthedeskjustnow?（回答）回答一般疑问句，用Yes/No+主语+was/wereIwasn’tastudentinGrade6lastyear.Theywerefreelastweekend.Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.核心知识点·实义动词的过去式（规则变化）实义动词：表示具体动作的词（如work,live,study）规则变化（4类，需熟练掌握）：1.一般情况：动词原形后加-ed（work→worked）2.以e结尾：直接加-d（live→lived,like→liked）3.辅+y结尾：变y为i，再加-ed（study→studied）4.重读闭音节：双写尾辅音，再加-ed（stop→stopped）规则动词过去式·例句与辨析1.加-ed：play→played,walk→walked（一般情况）2.加-d：dance→danced,hope→hoped（以e结尾）3.变y为i加-ed：cry→cried,try→tried（辅+y结尾）4.双写尾辅音加-ed：plan→planned,shop→shopped注意：元音+y结尾不变y，直接加-ed（play→played）核心知识点·实义动词的过去式（不规则变化）不规则变化：无固定规则，需重点记忆（本单元重点）Unit1高频不规则动词（必记）：make→made,find→found,go→wentsee→saw,have→had,do→did补充高频：eat→ate,drink→drank,take→took技巧：每天记5个，结合例句记忆，避免混淆不规则动词过去式·例句练习1.Hewenttotheparkwithhisfriendsyesterday.（go→went）2.Ihadbreakfastat7o'clockthismorning.（have→had）3.Shesawacutedogonherwaytoschool.（see→saw）4.Theydidtheirhomeworktogetherlastnight.（do→did）提醒：不规则动词无否定变化，否定需借助didn't一般过去时·四种基本句式（表格总结）句式类型基本结构例句肯定句主语

+was/were/动词过去式+...Heplayedfootballafterschool.否定句主语

+wasn't/weren't/didn't+动词原形+...Shedidn'twatchTVlastnight.重点：实义动词否定需加didn't，动词变回原形一般过去时·四种基本句式（续）句式类型基本结构例句一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+...?/Did+主语+动词原形+...?Didyoucleanyourroomthismorning?特殊疑问句疑问词+was/were+主语+...?/疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+...?Whatdidtheydoyesterday?重点：疑问句中，实义动词需变回原形句式辨析·be动词vs实义动词（易错点）1.句中有be动词（was/were），否定/疑问直接变be动词例：Hewashappy.→Hewasn'thappy.→Washehappy?2.句中是实义动词，否定/疑问需借助did例：Sheplayedgames.→Shedidn'tplaygames.→Didsheplaygames?易错点：实义动词疑问句/否定句，动词必须用原形易错点解析（一）·时间状语误用错误：Sheplaysfootballyesterday.（用了一般现在时）正确：Sheplayedfootballyesterday.（yesterday用一般过去时）错误：Iwaslateforschooleveryday.（everyday用一般现在时）正确：Iamlateforschooleveryday.技巧：看到过去时间状语，立刻想到用一般过去时易错点解析（二）·动词形式错误错误：Hedidn'tplayedbasketball.（didn't后用了过去式）正确：Hedidn'tplaybasketball.（didn't后用原形）错误：Theyweregotoschoolyesterday.（be动词和实义动词连用）正确：Theywenttoschoolyesterday.（只用实义动词过去式）错误：Shestudyedforthetestlastnight.（辅+y变化错误）正确：Shestudiedforthetestlastnight.易错点解析（三）·不规则动词混淆错误：Igotothezooyesterday.（go的过去式误用原形）正确：Iwenttothezooyesterday.（go→went）错误：Shehaveagoodtimelastweekend.（have的过去式误用原形）正确：Shehadagoodtimelastweekend.（have→had）提醒：高频不规则动词，每天反复记忆，避免混淆拓展知识点·一般过去时与一般现在时对比一般现在时：表示经常、习惯性的动作或现在的状态标志词：everyday,usually,often,always例句：Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.（习惯性动作）一般过去时：表示过去某个时间的动作或状态标志词：yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago例句：Heplayedfootballyesterdayafternoon.（过去的动作）练习一·动词过去式填空1.Myfather__________(work)intheofficelastFriday.2.They__________(be)intheparkjustnow.3.I______________(notwatch)TVbecauseIwasbusy.4.She__________(have)apicnicwithherfamilylastweekend.5.We__________(walk)toschoolyesterdaymorning.6.Thebird__________(fly)awayafewminutesago.workedweredidn'twatchhadwalkedflew练习二·动词过去式填空1.He__________(study)fortheEnglishtestlastnight.2.__________you__________(see)amovieyesterday?3.They__________(notgo)tothelibrarylastMonday.4.Theteacher__________(teach)usanewsongyesterday.5.I__________(stop)totalkwithmyfriendonthewayhome.6.They__________(buy)anewbookfortheirson.studiedDidseedidn'tgotaughtstoppedbought练习三·单句改错（易错点）1.Shedidn'twenttoschoolyesterday.2.Wewereplaybasketballafterschool.3.Hestudyedhardforthetestlastweek.4.Theywashappytoseetheiroldfriends.5.Igotothesupermarketwithmymumtwodaysago.went→goplay→playing/删werestudyed→studiedwas→werego→went练习四·句式转换1.肯定句：Heplayedbasketballafterschool.否定句：He____________________basketballafterschool.一般疑问句：__________he__________basketballafterschool?2.肯定句：Shewasathomelastnight.否定句：She__________athomelastnight.一般疑问句：__________sheathomelastnight?didn'tplayDidplaywasn'tWas练习五·单项选择1.Mymother__________acakeformeyesterday.A.makeB.makesC.madeD.making2.__________youatthecinemalastnight?A.AreB.WereC.DoD.Did3.He__________watchTVlastnight.Hereadabook.A.didn'tB.wasn'tC.don'tD.isn'tCBA练习六·单项选择1.What__________you__________yesterdayafternoon?A.do;doB.did;doC.did;didD.do;did2.She__________totheparkwithhersisterlastweekend.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going3.They__________happybecausetheywonthegame.A.areB.wereC.isD.wasBCB练习七·短文填空LastSunday,I1__________(get)uplate.It2__________(be)sunny.I3__________(wash)myfaceand4__________(brush)myteeth.ThenmyfamilyandI5__________(go)toarestaurantforbreakfast.Afterbreakfast,we6__________(visit)amuseum.We7__________(see)manyinterestingthings.Intheevening,we8__________(have)dinnerathome.I9__________(feel)veryhappythatday.gotwaswashedbrushedwentvisitedsawhadfelt练习八·情景对话补全A:Hi,Lucy!Howwasyourweekend?B:Itwasgreat!I1__________(go)tothezoowithmybrother.A:Really?What2__________you__________(see)there?B:We3__________(see)tigers,pandasandelephants.Theywerecute.A:4__________you__________(take)anyphotos?B:Yes,wedid.We5__________(take)manybeautifu