Unit1CareertalksGrammar被动语态课件外研版英语八年级下册

Unit1CareertalksGrammar学习目标掌握一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态的构成。熟悉规则动词和不规则动词的过去分词变化规则。能够将主动语态句子正确转换为一般现在时或一般将来时的被动语态。ReviewReadthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandsummarisethegrammarrules.(a)Allmydaysuphighintheairwillbekeptinmymemory.(b)I'mremindedofsomeotherfriendsImetthroughtheglass.be+动词过去分词被动语态语态：

表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。主动语态：

主语是动作的执行者。Icleantheblackboard.我擦黑板。被动语态：

主语是动作的承受者。。）Theblackboardiscleanedbyme.黑板被我擦了。被动语态1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.这座桥是去年建造的。Hewaselectedchairman.他被选为主席。2、

当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。Theroomhasn'tbeencleanedyet.房间还没有打扫。Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他杀死了。被动语态的用法3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗户被风吹开了。Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4、表示客观的说明常用"Itis+过去分词."句型。Itisreportedthat…据报道Itissaidthat…据说Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itissuggestedthat…有人建议被动语态的用法(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。Theyheldameetingyesterday.→Ameetingwasheldbythemyesterday.(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.主动语态变为被动语态(1)主动句中的主语如果是people,we,you,they,somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：Theysetupthishospitalin1975.→Thishospitalwassetupin1975.Onlyhecanfinishthejob.→

Thejobcanbefinishedonlybyhim.主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相。WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项肯定句：

主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他。Englishisspokeninmanycountries.否定句：

主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他。Theroomisnotcleanedeveryday.一般疑问句：

Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他？IsthiscarmadeinChina?

一般现在时的被动语态肯定句：

主语+willbe+过去分词+其他。Anewschoolwillbebuiltnextyear.否定句：

主语+willnot(won't)be+过去分词+其他。Themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.一般疑问句：Will+主语+be+过去分词+其他？Willtheworkbefinishedtomorrow?

一般将来时的被动语态‌一般情况：直接加-edwork→worked

play→played‌以不发音的-e结尾：加-d‌live→livedhope→hoped‌以“辅音字母+y”结尾：变y为i，再加-edstudy→studiedtry→tried‌重读闭音节结尾（辅元辅结构）：双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed‌stop→stoppedplan→planned动词过去分词的变化规则ABC型（原形、过去式、过去分词均不同）see→saw→seeneat→ate→eaten‌AAA型‌（三者相同）hit→hit→hitput→put→put‌ABA型‌（原形=过去分词）become→became→becomecome→came→come动词过去分词的变化规则不规则动词的过去分词需单独记忆，常见类型包括：少数动词有两种过去分词形式（用法不同）：learn→learned/learntdream→dreamed/dreamtburn→burned/burntsmell→smelled/smeltlie（躺）和lay（放置）容易混淆：lie（躺）：lie→lay→lain（不及物，不能用于被动语态）lay（放置）：lay→laid→laid（及物，可用于被动语态）动词过去分词的变化规则注意请写出下列动词的过去分词形式：plant→________hear→________hold→________develop→________remind→________speak→________write→________build→________9.begin→________10.choose→________11.forget→________12.grow→________13.hide→________14.prefer→________15.ride→________16.say→________plantedheardhelddevelopedremindedspokenwrittenbuiltbegunchosenforgottengrownhiddenpreferredriddensaidExercise1.Thefarmerplantsflowersinearlyspring.→__________________________________________________2.Weusuallycleanupourofficefortheholidays.→__________________________________________________3.Theschoolalwaysholdsapartytowelcomenewteachers.→__________________________________________________4.Thecompanywillholdajobinterviewnextmonth.→__________________________________________________Flowersareplantedinearlyspring(bythefarmer).Ourofficeisusuallycleanedupfortheholidays(byus).Apartyisalwaysheldtowelcomenewteachers(bytheschool).Ajobinterviewwillbeheldnextmonth(bythecompany).Rewritethesentencesinthepassiveinthesimplepresentorthesimplefuture.Completethejobpostingusingthecorrectpassiveformoftheverbsinbrackets.areneededareexpectedisrequiredareheardwillbedeveloped将下列句子改为被动语态1.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.→__________________________________________________2.Thechefpreparesthemealeveryevening.→__________________________________________________3.Theywillannouncetheresultstomorrow.→__________________________________________________4.Someonestolemybicyclelastnight.→__________________________________________________5.Thecompanyhassenttheproductstothecustomers.→__________________________________________________Englishisspokenallovertheworld.Themealispreparedeveryeveningbythechef.Theresultswillbeannouncedtomorrow.Mybicyclewasstolenlastnight.Theproductshavebeensenttothecustomersbythecompany.二、选择正确的选项1.Thebridge______in2050.A.builtB.willbebuiltC.isbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt2.English______inmanycountriesaroundtheworld.A.speaksB.isspokenC.s