Unit6语法专项课件情态动词canmaymust沪教版英语七年级下册

教学课件沪教（牛津）英语七年级下册Unit6语法专项——情态动词can/may/must

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学习目标1.掌握can、may、must三个情态动词的基本含义。2.牢记情态动词后接动词原形的核心规则。3.能正确使用否定形式：can’t、maynot、mustn’t。4.区分表请求、能力、必须、禁止的不同语境。5.熟练完成填空、单选、对话、句型转换等题型。情态动词—定义情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度。可表达：能力、许可、义务、禁止。无人称和数的变化，不随主语改变。后面必须接动词原形，不能加to/s/ed。是七年级下册必考基础语法。情态动词—三大共同规则1.结构：情态动词+动词原形。例：canswim，mustgo，mayopen2.否定：直接在词尾加not。can→cannot(can’t)；may→maynot；must→mustnot(mustn’t)3.疑问：直接把情态动词提到句首。例：Canyou…?MayI…?Mustyou…?情态动词用法总表（表格）单词否定核心用法cancan’t能力（会）；许可（可以，口语）maymaynot请求许可（正式）；可以mustmustn’t必须（义务）；禁止（不许）can的用法①——表能力can表示“能、会”，指天生或后天具备的能力。句型：主语+can+动词原形。否定：can’t=cannot，表示“不会、不能”。例句：IcanspeakEnglish.例句：Hecan’tplayfootball.can的用法②——表许可can表示“可以”，用于口语中允许做某事。语气较随意，常用于日常对话。例句：Youcangohomenow.例句：CanIuseyourdictionary?may的用法——表请求与许可may表示“可以”，语气比can更正式、礼貌。多用于句首表示委婉请求。否定：maynot，表示“不可以”。例句：MayIcomein?例句：Youmaynotleaveearly.must的用法①——表必须must表示“必须”，强调责任、义务或规定。语气强烈，没有人称变化。例句：Youmustfinishyourhomeworkontime.例句：Wemustobeytheschoolrules.must的用法②——表禁止mustn’t表示“禁止、不许”，语气最强。用于提醒危险、违规、不能做的事。例句：Youmustn’tplaywithfire.例句：Youmustn’ttalkinclass.易混点1：canvsmaycan：口语化，表能力或随意许可。may：正式礼貌，表请求许可。询问允许时，may比can更客气。例句：CanIopenthedoor?（口语）例句：MayIopenthedoor?（正式礼貌）易混点2：mustn’tvscan’tmustn’t：禁止，绝对不能做。can’t：不能/不会，没能力或不允许。语境危险、规则禁止→用mustn’t。单纯没能力→用can’t。基础练习1——用can/can’t填空I_________rideabike.Ilearnitlastyear.Mysister_________swim.Sheisafraidofwater._________youplaythepiano?Thebird_________flyveryhigh.He_________drawpictures,buthecansing.cancan’tCancancan’t基础练习2——用may/maynot填空1._________Isithere?2.You_____________entertheroomwithoutpermission.3._________wegotothelibraryafterschool?4.You___________watchTVbeforeyoufinishhomework.5._________Iaskyouaquestion?MaymaynotMaymaynotMay基础练习3——用must/mustn’t填空1.You_________listentotheteachercarefullyinclass.2.You_________playonthebusystreet.It’sdangerous.3.We_________keepquietinthehospital.4.You_________eattoomuchcandy.It’sbadforteeth.5.Students_________wearschooluniformsonMonday.mustmustn’tmustmustn’tmust提升练习1——混合填空1.—_________Iborrowyourruler?—Sure.2.We_________washhandsbeforemeals.It’shealthy.3.Mybrother_________playbasketballverywell.4.You_________runinthehallway.It’sagainstrules.5._________youhelpmewithmyEnglish?May/Canmustcanmustn’tCan提升练习2——混合填空6.You_________belateforschool.7.We_________helpeachotheratschool.8._________Icomein?—Yes,you_________.9.He_________speakChinese,buthe_________speakJapanese.10.You_________swiminthedeepriver.mustn’tmustMaymaycancan’tmustn’t单项选择1.—______Iuseyourphone?—OK,hereyouare.A.CanB.MustC.Need2.We______playwithfire.It’sdangerous.A.canB.mustn’tC.may3.Myfather______driveacarverywell.A.canB.mayC.must4.You______finishyourhomeworktoday.A.canB.mayC.mustABAC

5.—______youdance?—No,I______.A.Can;can’tB.May;maynotC.Must;mustn’t6.You______speakloudlyinthelibrary.A.canB.mustn’tC.may

7.—MayIopenthewindow?—No,you______.A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’t8.We______gotobedontimeeveryday.A.canB.mayC.mustABBC完成对话1A:Mum,_________(1)IwatchTVnow?B:No,you______(2).You__________(3)finishhomeworkfirst.A:OK.What_________(4)Idoafterthat?B:You__________(5)watchTVfor30minutes.

完成对话2A:__________(6)Igooutwithmyfriends?B:Yes,you__________(7).Butyou__________(8)comebackearly.A:Don’tworry.I__________(9)comebackbefore9o’clock.B:Andyou_________(10)playcomputergamestoolate.Maycan’tmustcancanMay/Cancan/maymustmustmustn’t句型转换1.Icanplaythepiano.（否定句）

I__________playthepiano.2.Youmustgotoschoolearly.（否定句）You__________gotoschoollate.

3.MayIcomein?（否定回答）No,_________________________.4.Hecanswim.（一般疑问句）__________heswim?

5.Wemustlistentotheteacher.（划线提问）____________________wedo?6.Youcan’trunintheroom.（同义句）You____________________intheroom.can’tmustn’tyoumaynotCanWhatmustmustn’trun高频易错点总结1.情态动词后永远用动词原形。错误：cantoswim；正确：canswim2.mustn’t表禁止，不是“不必”。3.may引导问句，否定用maynot。4.can表能力，must表必须。课堂总结（一）can：表能力、