大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷192

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷192

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinour

teensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoaccept

ourselvesaswcare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.Most

fashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatwcshoulddressina

certainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwcdo,theytellus,wcwillbeabletomeet

newpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithout

embarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertoday

doesnotcutaboy'shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthe

samewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisersshowusthelatest

fashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseour

friendsthinkweareoddordull.Whatcausesfashiontochange?Sometimesconvenience

orpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.

Takehatsforexample.Incoldclimate,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeoplewore

hatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycauseda

depressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats.MoreAmericanmenhave

followedhisexample.Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEurope

andAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarTwo,theydroppedto

anklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshorteruntiltheminiskirtwasinfashion.Aftera

fewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthan

itusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcan

dressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecause

itisthefashion.Thepopularityofjeansandthe"untidy"lookseemstobeareaction

againsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionsofthelopfashionhouses.Atthesametime,

appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesand（henwemustchooseour

clothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearing

jeansandasweater,andilwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomsdistinguishedscholar

lookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.However,youneedneverfeel

depressedifyoudon'tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou'llsee

thatnooneelsedoeseither.

1、FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementsseemtolinkfashionto.

A、confidenceinlife

B、socialrelationship

C、successincareer

D、personalfuture

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第2段第2句中的【hey指的就是首句中提到的时尚杂志和电视广

告，第2句中的confidence和confidently都表明这些时尚杂志和电视广告把时尚与

人的自信联系起来，因此A为本题答案。B、C、D均无原文依据。

2、Kennedy'sexampleisusedtoillustrate.

A^(hechangeinfashion

B、acauseoffashionchange

C、thecelebrities?influenceoneconomy

D、theapplicationoffashiontomorethandress

标准答案：B

知识点解析；第3段首句表明该段说的是推动时尚变化的原因，第2句列举了其中

三个原因，最后三句对这些原因进行举例说明，由此可.见，肯尼迪总统的例子是为

了说明推动时尚变化的其中一个原因，因此应选B。第3段讲的不是时尚的变化趋

势，A不正确；C错在economy这个词，此处举肯尼迪总统的例子是为说明名人对

“时尚潮流”的影响力，而非对“经济”；虽然该例子提到的是帽子的潮流，但本段并

不是为了说明“时尚不仅限于服饰”这个观点，因此D不正确。

3、Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes.

A^practicality

B、efficiency

C、informality

individuality

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第5段第2句和第3句是对该段首句的进一步说明，由这两句可知现

在注重的是个人风格，穿衣打扮不再是千篇一律了，D“个人主义”为本题答案。

4、Thepopularityofjeansand"untidy"lookispossiblyduetothatthey.

A、highlightone'spersonality

B、aresuitableforvarioussocialsituations

C>havetheadvantagesofbeingconvenientandpractical

D、arenotasexpensiveasclothingproducedbytopfashionhouses

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第5段末句表明顶级服装店的时尚服饰很昂贵，所以人们转而穿牛仔

裤和做“邈遢”的装扮，由此可见，本题应选D。其他选项可能根据个人生活经验说

得通，但均在原文中找不到直接依据，故排除。

5、Whatdoestheauthormostprobablydowiththelatestfashion?

A、Theauthormaybebraveenoughtoignorethelatestfashion.

B、Theauthormayfollowthelatestfashionmostfaithfully.

C、Theauthormaytakejeansand"untidy"lookasthelatestfashion.

D、Theauthormayfindthelatestfashionincreasinglyexpensive.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：末段倒数第2句表明作者认为我们大可不必追赶潮流，A最可能是作

者对于最新潮流的态度和反应。选项B与作者在末段表达的观点正好相反：作者

只是从宏观上对最新潮流发表了看法，而没有指出最新潮流是牛仔裤和“遒遢”的打

扮，或者价格昂贵还是便宜这些细节，因此选项C和D均不正确。

Peoplewantactiononnoise,arecentpublicmeetinginBrisbaneshowed.Somewant

technicalimprovementssuchasquieterairconditionersorbettersoundbarriersaround

majorroads.Otherswanttougherlawstorestrictnoisefrombuildingsitesortorequire

ownerstotakeresponsibilityforbarkingdogs.Butthehighestprioritywasanoise

complaintssystemthatworks.BrisbaneCityCouncilreceivesmorecomplaintsabout

noisethanallotherproblemsputtogether.Soitconductedasurveyandfoundthatabout

haltitsresidentsarcupsetbynoiseinoneformoranother-traffic,mowers,poolpumps,

airconditionersorloudparties.ThisinspiredtheCounciltobringtogethermorethan100

citizensoneeveningtotalkthrougharangeofoptions.Themeetingfoundthepresent

regulatorysystembizarre.Dependingontheproblem,responsibilityfornoisecanliewith

(heCouncil,theEnvironmentProtectionAuthority,oneofthreegovernmentdepartments

oreventhepolice.Socomplainantsoftenfeeltheyaregetting(herun-round.Whenthe

peopleattheforumwereaskedtovoleforchanges,thestrongestresponsewasfbra24-

hour,noisehotlinetobethefirstportofcallforallcomplaints.Theforumalsofavored

regulatorymeasures,suchastougherminimumstandardsfornoiseinapplianceslikeair

conditioners.Thisevenmakeseconomicsense,asnoiseisawasteofenergy-and

money.Othermeasuresthemeetingsupportedwerewiderbuffer(缓冲)zonesaround

noisyactivitiesandcontrolstokeepheavytrafficawayfromresidentialareas.Buithere

areobviousconflicts.Manypeopleliketohaveabarwithinwalkingdistanceiftheyfeel

likeadrink,buttheydon'twantanoisypubkeepingthemawakewhentheywantan

earlynight.Mostpeoplewanttolivenearamajorroadprovidinggoodaccesstoother

partsofthecity,buttheydontwanttheproblemofroadnoise.Iwasmostinterestedby

theproposalsaimedatbehavioralchange.Therewasstrongsupportformeasuresto

reducetraffic:betterpublictransport,cyclewaysandfootpaths,evenchargesforroad

use.Manypeopleoptimisticallythoughtindustryawardsfbrbetterequipmentwould

stimulatetheproductionofquieterappliances.Itwasevensuggestedthatnoisefrom

buildingsitescouldhealleviatedifBrisbaneadopteddaylightsaving,thusshiftingthe

workingdayandprovidinglonger,quieterevenings.

6、IntheicucntpublicniccliuginBiisbtuic,peopleshowedgicatcsldissalisfauliunwith

A^(hetechnicalflawsof(heairconditioners

B、thepoornoisebarriersaroundmajorroads

C、theinefficientsystemfornoisecomplaints

D、thelateworkingtimeof(hebuildingsites

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第1段指出了多个改善噪音问题的做法，其中末句But后的highest

priority表明该句中提到的“噪音投诉系统”问题是人们最关注的，也就是感到最不

满意和最需要改进的，由此可见，C为本题答案。

7、Bysayingthatthecomplainantsfeelthat"theyaregetting(herun-round",theauthor

means.

Asthecomplainantsarcunfairlytreatedbythegovernmentdepartments

B、thegovernmentdepartmentsseldomrespondtothecomplaints

C、itisinexplicitwhichdepartmentisresponsibleforthecomplaints

D^complaintswillbetreatedonlyafterbeingapprovedbyallthreedepartments

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题事实上是考查造成人们geningtherun-round的原因。第3段第3

句开头的so表明该句与第2句密切相关，从第2句可推断，原因是政府机构对噪

音问题的权责不清，使人们不知该往哪个部门投诉，C正确。该段首句提到的

bizarre和第2句的dependingontheproblem都表明，由多个不I可的部门负贡处理不

同的噪音问题这种做法不合理，由此可见，本段只关注这种不合理性，并未提到A

或B；原文提及3个部门分别负责不同的噪音问题，因此不存在D的情况。

8、Whichof(hefollowingmeasuresismentionedasnotonlybeneficialenvironmentally

butalsoeconomically?

A^Enforcingstricternoisecontrolonelectricalapparatus.

B、Prohibitingheavytrafficfromenteringresidentialareas.

C、Launchinga24-hournoisehotline.

D、Increasingthechargesforroaduse.

标准答案：A

知识工解析：第4段第2句中的【his指的是首句提出的“为空调等家用电器制定更

严格的最低噪音标准”的做法，句中的even表明这种做法不但可以产生环保效益，

还可以产生经济效益，A为本题答案。B在第4段末句提及，C在第3段末句提

及，D在末段第2句句尾提及，但原文并未表明它们与经济有关系，因此都不正

确。

9、Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardstheindustryawardsforquieterequipment?

A^Skeptical.

B、Disappointed.

CsConcerned.

D、Optimistic.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：在末段首句，作者指出对一些旨在改变人们行为的提议感到

interested,接着举了一些例子，其中包括题干所说的对改善设施的行业实行奖励，

由此可见，作者对industryawards也是感兴趣的，C“关心的''与此同义.干扰项D是

混淆了作者的态度和其他一些人的态度，属张冠李戴。

10、Thepassagepointsoutdaylightsavingcouldbeadoptedinorderto.

A、prolongthedaytime

B、advancetheworkingtime

C、shortentheworkingtime

D^savetimeandenergy

标准答案：B

知识点解析：thus后的shifting只表明采用夏时制可以改变工作时间，而从采用夏

时制的另一个结果“providinglonger,quieterevenings”可以推断，其目的是将上班

时间提前，这样就可以提早下班而没有改变工作时间的长度，晚上工地不工作，噪

音自然就减少了，由此可见，B是对采用夏时制的作用的正确理解。

Whyarcsomanypeopleunhappyintheirjobs?Therearetwoprimaryreasons.First,

somepeopleareconvincedthatearningalivingiswastingtimethattheycouldspend

enjoyingthemselvesoruncoveringtheirtruetalents.Ifthisisthecasewithyou,recall

yourlastlongvacation.Wasittwoweeksofcompleteenjoyment?Morelikelyitwasa

weekandahalfoffuninthesun,withanotherhalfaweekof"Boy,Ican'twaittoget

backtowork."Whileallworkandnoplayisnotgood,allplayandnoworkisdisastrous.

Weneedtofeelweareaccomplishingsomething.Wealsoneedsomeformoforderin

ourlives.Thesecondandperhapsmoreprevalentreasonforpeoplenottolike(heirwork

is(hattheyfeeltrapped.Onceyou'vebeenatacompanyforfiveyearsandhaveaspouse,

amortgageandachild,youoftenfeelyouhaveverylittlechoiceaboutjumpingshipif

thingsaren'tturningoutasyou'dplanned.Asteadypaycheckcanbethebiggestmanacle

ofall.Peopleresenthavingtodosomethingbecausetheyhavenootherchoice.Ifyou

findyourselfresentingyourjobbecauseyoucan'taffordtoquit,itmaybetimetoprepare

whatonecareercounselorhumorouslycallsa"cyanidecapsule".Herecallsspymovies

inwhichthesecretagenthassuchacapsulehiddensomewhereonhisbody.Ifhe's

capturedandtorturedunbearably,hehasanoption.Andhavinganoptiongiveshimthe

strengthtoholdonalittlelongerinthehopethatthesituationmaychange.Ratherthan

cyanide,youroptiontakestheformofanup-to-dateresume.Youmightalsotakea

weeklyglancethroughthehelp-wantedsection,andmakesomevisitstoindustry

functionswherelow-keynetv/orkingcantakeplace.You'renotgivingupyourcurrent

job.Rather,youareprovidingyourselfwithanoption.Ifthingsgetunbearableatwork,

youcoukljumpship.Beinginthispositioncandowondersforyourattitude.Itallows

youtoenjoyyourworksince,inreality,youarethereonlybecauseyouwanttobe.At

thecoreofadoptingapositiveattitudetoyourworkplaceis,aboveall,assuming

responsibilityforyourownsituation.Mostpeoplefeelcontrolledbytheirenvironment,

buttheyreallyaren't.Theyhavetolearntomanagethatenvironmentsotheycanget

fromitwhat(heyneed.

11、Whatdowemostlikelywantduringalongvacation,accordingtotheauthor?

A、Toextendthevacationaslongaspossible.

B、Togainabalancebetweenworkandplay.

C、Togobacktoworkassoonaspossible.

D、Torelaxcompletely,freefromwony.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第2段最后三句表明作者认为工作和玩乐应该并行，不能光工作，也

不能光玩乐，由此可见，选项B为本题答案。其他选项与作者观点相反，因此都

不正确。

12、Itisindicatedinthepassagethatmostpeopledislike(heirjobsbecause.

A^goingtoworkiswastingtheirtime

B、theycan'tfeelfiilfilledintheirjobs

C、theyareconfinedtothejobstightly

D、payseldomcorrespondswithwork

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原文在首段和第3段分别提到人们不喜欢他们的工作的两个原因，其

中第3段提到的第2个原因是moreprevalentreason,正是题干所问。由此可见，

正确选项应与第2个原因同义，选项C是它的近义替换，为本题答案。选项A是

第1个原因，但不符合题干的要求；选项B和D在原文口均未提及。

13、Whenoneconsiderschangingjob,thebiggestdifficultyis.

A、leavingacompanyandagoodboss

B、reducingthefamilyburden

C、givingupastableincome

D^drawingupabetterplanfbrthefuture

标准答案：C

知识2解析：第3段倒数第2句表明最大的阻碍是steadypaycheck,即放弃稳定的

收入，而由上一句的jumpingship可知此处说的是有关换工作的阻碍因素，正符题

干要求，因此本题答案为选项C。其他三个选项均未提及，与“最大的”困难无关。

14、Theauthorsuggeststhat,byhavinga"cyanidecapsule"atwork,onewill.

A、findasatisfactoryjobsoon

B、beasbraveastheheroinspymovies

C^bemoretolerantwiththepresentjob

D^havethecouragetogiveuptheunbearablejob

标准答案：C

知识点解析：作者在第4段首句首先提到“cyanidecapsule”，然后在第2、3句对此

做出了解释，第4句对cyanidecapsule的作用做了总结，选项C是对第4句中的

holdonalittlelonger的近义改写，因此为本题答案。

15、Youwillchangeyourattitudetowardsyourjobwhen.

A、youareprovidedwith（hechancetochoose

B、youarcresponsibleforyourpresentjob

C、yougetreadyyourup-to-dateresume

D、yougetwhatyouneedfromyourjob

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第5段倒数第2句表明beinginthisposilion就能改变一个人的态度，

而thisposition指的是上文提到的“为自己提供一种选择”，这样，在无法忍受的时

候还可以有另一个选择，由此可见，选项A为本题答案。

GermanChancellor（首相）OttoVonBismarckmaybemostfamousforhismilitaryand

diplomatictalent,buthislegacy（遗产：）inckidesmanyoftoday'ssocialinsurance

programs.Duringthemiddleof(he19(hcentury,Germany,a：ongwithotherEuropean

nations,experiencedanunprecedentedrashofworkplacedeathsandaccidentsasaresult

ofgrowingindustrialization.MotivatedinparibyChristiancompassion(怜悯)for【he

helplessaswellasapracticalpoliticalimpulsetoundercutthesupportofthesocialist

labormovement,ChancellorBismarckcreatedtheworld'sfirstworkers'compensation

lawin1884.By1908,theUnitedStateswastheonlyindustrialnationintheworldthat

lackedworkers'compensationinsurance.America'sinjuredworkerscouldsuefor

damagesinacourtoflaw,buttheystillfacedanumberoftoughlegalbarriers.For

example,employeeshadtoprovethattheirinjuriesdirectlyresultedfromemployer

negligenceandthattheythemselveswereignorantaboutpotentialhazardsinthe

workplace.Thefirststateworkers'compensationlawinthiscountrypassedin1911,and

theprogramsoonspreadthroughoutthenation.AfterWorldWarII,benefitpaymentsto

Americanworkersdidnotkeepupwiththecostofliving.Infact,realbenefitlevelswere

lowerinthe1970sthantheywereinthe1940s,andinmoststatesthemaximumbenefit

wasbelowthepovertylevelforafamilyoffour.In1970,PresidentRichardNixonsetup

anationalcommissiontostudytheproblemsofworkers'compensation.Twoyearslater,

(hecommissionissued19keyrecommendations,includingone(hatcalledforincreasing

compensationbenefitlevelsto100percentofthestates'averageweeklywages.Infact,

theaveragecompensationbenefitinAmericahasclimbedfrom55percentofthestates'

averageweeklywagesin1972to97percenttoday.But,asmoststudiesshow,every10

percentincreaseincompensationbenefitsresultsina5percentincreaseinthenumbers

ofworkerswhofileforclaims.Andwithsomuchmoremoneyfloatingintheworkers'

compensationsystem,it'snotsurprisingthatdoctorsandlawyershavehelpedthemselves

toalargesliceofthegrowingpie.

16>Theworld'sfirstworkers,compensationlawwasintroducedbyBismarck

A、tomakeindustrialproductionsafer

B、tospeedupthepaceofindustrialization

C^outofreligiousandpoliticalconsiderations

D、forfearoflosingthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第I段最后一句提到“一方面是由于对孤立无援的工人出于基督

教的怜悯，同时也是为了削弱对社会主义工人运动的支持这一实际的政治目的，德

国首相俾斯麦于1884年创立了世界卜第一部T人赔偿法”，C概括了这两个目的，

即宗教上和政治上的目的，故选C。

17、WelearnfromthepassagethattheprocessofindustrializationinEurope.

A、wasaccompaniedbyanincreasednumberofwor