大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷32

大学英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷32

一、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共3。题，每题

分,共30分。)

ANiceCupofTeaTheLegendaryOriginsofTeaThestoryofleabeganinancient

Chinaover5,000yearsago.Accordingtolegend,ShenNung.anearlyemperorwasa

skilledruler,creativescientistandloverofthearts.Onesummerdaywhilevisitinga

distantregionofhisrealm,heandthecourtstoppedtorest.Theservantsbegantoboil

waterforthecourttodrink.Driedleavesfromthenearbybushfellintotheboilingwater,

andabrownliquidwasinfusedintothewater.Asascientist,theEmperorwasinterested

inthenewliquid,dranksome,andfounditveryrefreshing.Andso,accordingtolegend,

teawascreated.TheChineseInfluenceTeaconsumptionspreadthroughouttheChinese

culturereachingintoeveryaspectofthesociety.In800A.D.LuYuwrotethefirst

definitivebookontea,theCh'aChing.Thisamazingmanwasanorphanandraisedby

scholarlyBuddhistmonksinoneofChina'sfinestmonasteries.However,asayoung

man,herebelledagainstthedisciplineofpriestlytrainingwhichhadmadehimaskilled

observer.Hisfameasaperformerincreasedwitheachyear,buthefelthislifelacked

meaning.Finally,inmid-life,heretiredforfiveyearsintoseclusion.Drawingfromhis

vastmemoryofobservedeventsandplaces,hecodified(整理，编撰)thevarious

methodsofteacultivationandpreparationinancientChina.Thevastdefinitivenatureof

hiswork,projectedhimintonearsainthoodwithinhisownlifetime.Patronizedbythe

Emperorhimself,hisworkclearlyshowedtheZenBuddhistphilosophytowhichhewas

exposedasachild.ItwasthisformofteaservicethatZenBuddhistmissionarieswould

laterintroducetoimperialJapan.EuropeLearnsofTeaWhileleawasalthishighlevel

ofdevelopmentinbothJapanandChina,informationconcerningthis(henunknown

beveragebegantofillerbacktoEurope.Earliercaravanleadershadmenlionedit,but

wereunclearastoitsserviceformatorappearance.(Onereferencesuggeststheleavesbe

boiled,salted,buttered,andeaten!)ThefirstEuropeantopersonallyencounterteaand

writeaboutitwasthePortugueseJesuitFatherJasperdeCruzin1560.Portugal,withher

technologicallyadvancednavy,hadbeensuccessfulingainingthefirstrightoftradewith

China.ItwasasamissionaryonthatfirstcommercialmissionthatFatherdeCruzhad

tastedteafouryearsbefore.ThePortuguesedevelopedatraderoutebywhichthey

shippedtheirteatoLisbon,andthenDutchshipstransportedittoFrance,Holland,and

theBalticcountries.(AtthatlimeHollandwaspoliticallyaffi.iatcdwithPortugal.When

thisalliancewasalteredin1602,Holland,withherexcellentnavy,enteredintofull

Pacifictradeinherownright.)TeaArrivesinEnglandGreatBritainwasthelastofthe

threegreatsea-faringnationstobreakinto(heChineseandEastIndiantraderoutes.This

wasdueinparttotheunsteadyascensiontothethroneof(heStuartsandthe

CromwellianCivilWar.ThefirstsamplesofteareachedEnglandbetween1652and

1654.Teaquicklyprovedpopularenoughtoreplacealeas(henationaldrinkofEngland.

AsinHolland,itwas(henobilitythatprovided(henecessarystampofapprovalandso

insureditsacceptance.KingCharlesIIhadmarried,whileinexile,thePortugueseInfanta

CatherinedeBraganza(1662).CharleshimselfhadgrownupintheDutchcapital.Asa

result,bothheandhisPortuguesebridewereconfirmedteadrinkers.Whenthemonarchy

wasre-established,thetworulersbroughtthisforeignteatraditiontoEnglandwiththem.

Asearlyas160()ElizabethIhadfoundedtheJohnCompanyforthepurposeof

promotingAsiantrade.WhenCatherinedeBraganzamarriedCharlesshebroughtaspart

ofherdowrytheterritoriesofTangierandBombay.Suddenly,(heJohnCompanyhada

baseofoperations.AfternoonTeainEnglandTeamaniasweptacrossEnglandasithad

earlierspreadthroughoutFranceandHolland.Teaimportationrosefrom40.000pounds

in1699toanannualaverageof240,000poundsby1708.Teawasdrunkbyalllevelsof

society.PriortotheintroductionofteaintoBritain,theEnglishhadtwomainmeals

breakfastanddinner.Breakfastwasale,breadandbeef.Dinnerwasalong,massivemeal

attheendoftheday.ItwasnowonderthatAnna,theDuchessofBedford(1788-1861)

experienceda"sinkingfeeling"inthelateafternoon.AdoptingtheEuropeanteaservice

format,sheinvitedfriendstojoinherforanadditionalafternoonmealatfiveo'clockin

herroomsatBelvoirCastle.Themenucenteredaroundsmallcakes,breadandbutter

sandwiches,assortedsweets,and,ofcourse,tea.Thissummerpracticeprovedsopopular,

theDuchesscontinueditwhenshereturnedtoLondon,sendingcardstoherfriends

askingthemtojoinherfor"teaandawalkingthefields."(Londonatthattimestill

containedlargeopenmeadowswithinthecity.)Thepracticeofinvitingfriendstocome

forteaintheafternoonwasquicklypickedupbyothersocialhostesses.Acommon

patternofservicesoonmerged.Thefirstpotofteawasmadeinthekitchenandcarriedto

(heladyof(hehousewhowaitedwithherinvitedguests,surroundedbyfineporcelain

fromChina.Thefirstpotwaswarmedbythehostessfromasecondpot(usuallysilver)

(halwaskeptheatedoverasmallflame.Foodandteawasthenpassedamongtheguests,

themainpurposeofthevisitingbeingconversation.TeaCuisineTeacuisinequickly

expandedinrangetoquicklyincludewaferthincrustlesssandwiches,shrimporfish

paste,toastedbreadswithjams,andregionalBritishpastriessuchasscones(Scottish)

andcrumpets(English).Atthistimetwodistinctformsofteaservicesevolved:"High"

and"Low"."Low"Tea(servedinthelowpartoftheafternoon)wasservedinaristocratic

homesofthewealthyandfeaturedsmalldeliciousfoodratherthansolidmeals.The

emphasiswasonpresentationandconversation."High"Teaor"MeatTea"wasthemain

or"High"mealoftheday.Itwasthemajormealofthemiddleandlowerclassesand

consistedofmostlyfulldinneritemssuchasroastbeef,mashedpotatoes,peas,andof

course,tea.CoffeeHousesTeawasthemajorbeverageservedinthecoffeehouses,but

theyweresonamedbecausecoffeearrivedinEnglandsomeyearsbeforetea.Exclusively

formen,theywerecalled"PennyUniversities"becauseforapennyanymancouldobtain

apotoftea,acopyof(henewspaper,andengageinconversationwiththesharpestwits

oftheday.Thevarioushousesspecializedinselectedareasofinterest,someserving

attorneys,someauthors,othersthemilitary.TheyweretheforerunneroftheEnglish

gentlemen'sprivateclub.OnesuchbeveragehousewasownedbyEdwardLloydandwas

favoredbyshipowners,merchantsandmarineinsurers.Thatsimpleshopwastheorigin

ofLloyd's,theworldwideinsurancefirm.Attemptstoclosethecoffeehousesweremade

throughouttheeighteenthcenturybecauseofthefreespeechtheyencouraged,butsuch

measuresprovedsounpopulartheywerealwaysquicklyrevoked,leaGardens

ExperiencingtheDutch"caverngardenteas",theEnglishdeveloped（heideaofTea

Gardens.Hereladiesandgentlementooktheirteaoutofdoorssurroundedby

entertainmentsuchasorchestras,hiddenarbors,floweredwalks,bowlinggreens,

concerts,gambling,orfireworksatnight.ItwasatjustsuchaTeaGardenthatLord

Nelson,whodefeatedNapoleonbysea,metthegreatloveofhislife,Emma,laterLady

Hamilton.Womenwerepermittedtoenteramixed,publicgatheringforthefirsttime

withoutsocialcriticism.Asthegardenswerepublic,Britishsocietymixedherefreelyfbr

（hefirsttime,cuttingacrosslinesofclassandbirth.

1、AccordingtoChineselegend,itwaswhofirstdiscoveredtea.

A、DaYu

B、ShenNung

CytheYellowEmperor

D、theGoddessofSky-patching

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该部分段末提到的theEmperor首先发现了茶，可见本题应选B,而

该Emperor指的就是段首提及的ShenNung（神农）。

2、WhenLuYuwasachild,hewasgreatlyinfluencedby.

A、theBuddhistphilosophy

B、theTaoistmonks

C、theEmperorthen

D^theJapaneseZenphilosophy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原文该部分倒数第2句中的ZenBuddhistphilosophy表明对陆羽影响

最大的是佛教，因此本题应选A。选项B中的Taoist（道教的）在原文并未提及：选

项C中提到的是支持陆羽研究茶文化的人，但对他的影响如何，就不得而知了；

选项D是受到陆羽《茶经》影响的对象，如果选择D,就会与原文的因果关系相

反。

3、ThefirstEuropeanwhowroteaboutteawas.

A^aSpanishadventurer

anEnglandmerchant

C、aPortuguesepriest

D^aGreekphilosopher

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原文该句中佗Father指的是“神父”，可见选项C是对原文Portuguese

Father的同义改写.因此为本题答案。

4、WhathappenedtoHollandintheyear1602?

A、ItbegantocooperatewiththePortuguesenavy.

B、ItbegantotradeinteadirectlyfromChina.

C、IttransportedteatothewholePacificarea.

D、ItwasfinanciallyafflictedwithPortugal.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原文该段最后一句表明1602年，荷兰的贸易对象从之前有限的几个

国家拓宽到整个太平洋，可见选项C的陈述符合原文，为本题答案。选项A和D

与该段倒数第2句的内容不符，选项B的内容没有原文依据。

5、Before(eawasshippedtoEngland,itsnationaldrinkwas.

A、coffee

B、whisky

C、soda

D、ale

标准答案；D

知识点解析：原文该句暗示在茶没有传入英国前，麦芽啤酒是国饮，可见本题应选

Do

6、InordertoimproveAsiantrade.QueenElizabethIestablished.

A^theJohnCompany

B、moreAsiancolonies

C、anewsearoutetoIndia

strongrelationwithChina

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原文该句是唯—处提到QueenElizabethI的地方，文中提到，伊丽

莎白一世成立约翰公司以促进亚洲贸易，因此可以得知本题应选A。

7、Anna,theDuchessofBeefordbegantoarrangeanadditionalafternoonmeal.

A、aftershereturnedtoLondon

B、whenshelivedatBelvoirCastle

C、whenshevisitedthecontinent

D、aftershewasinvitedtoteabyafriend

标准答案：B

知识点解析：原文该段第4句至第7句介绍了有关Anna的信息，其中从第5句我

们可以得知选项B为本题的正确答案。第7句指出她对到伦敦后继续下午茶的做

法，可见伦敦并不是她首先开创下午茶传统的地方，因此选项A不正确。选项C

和D均没有原文依据。

8、Aristocraticandwealthypeopleprovidedateaservicecalledintheafternoon.

标准答案：“Low”tea

知识点解析：空白处应为名词词组。原文句子为被动语态，题目句子为主动语态，

但内容基本相同。这种情况下，原文的主语和宾语与题目的主语和宾语通常位置相

反，因此，本题答案应该是原文的主语“Low”tea。

9、Throughouttheeighteenthcentury,coffeehouseswereonceforcedtoclosebecause

theyencouraged.

标准答案：ihefreespeech

知识点解析：空白处应为名词词组。题目要求寻找theyen—couraged的宾语，而

在原文中，Iheyencouraged出现在分句的句末，是定语从句，可与thefreespeech

形成动宾关系，由此可见，thefreespeech就是答案。

10^LordNelsonmetEmma,hisgreatloveoflife,at.

标准答案：aTeaGarden

知识点解析：空白处应为表示地点的名词词组。本题考查Nelson和Emma的相遇

地点，根据原文的强调句可知他们是在aTeaGarden相遇的，因此本题答案为a

TeaGardeno

Afterintensiveresearch,scientistshaveconcluded（hatpoliticianslie.Inastudy

describedinBritain'sObservernewspaper,GlenNewey,apoliticalscientista（Britain's

UniversityofStrathclyde,concludedthatlyingisanimportantpartof[11]inthe

moderndemocracy."Politiciansneedtobemorehonestaboutlying,"hetoldthe

newspaper.AccordingtoNewey,votersexpecttobeliedtoincertaincircumstances,and

sometimeseven[12]it."Politicsshouldberegardedaslesslikeanexercisein

producing[13]statementsandmorelikeapokergame,"hesaid."Andihereisan

expectationhyapokerplayerthatyoutryto[14]themaspartofthegame."Newey

saidlyingbypoliticianscanoccasionallybe[15]justified,suchaswhennational

securityisat[16],andthepublicevenhasa"righttobeliedto"incaseswheretheydo

notexpect'tobetoldthewholetruth,suchasduringawar.Butthemaincauseoflyingis

increased[17]bythepublicintoareasthatthegovernmentwouldrathernotdiscuss

candidly.Ifvotersonlyaskedfewerquestions,politicianswouldtellthemfewerlies.Bill

Clinton[18]liedabouthisaffairwithMonicaLewinsky,whileearlierphilandering（追

逐女人的）U.S.presidentsneverhadtolieabout（heir[19].becausenobodyever

asked."When[20]orparliamentarycolleaguesstarttoprobeatthatareawhichthe

governmentwantstokeepsecret,youaremorelikelytobepushedfurtherandfurther

towardtheterritoryoflying,"Neweysaid.A.famouslyB.requireC.politicsD.

miserableE.intermediateF.journalistsG.representingH.affairsI.mechanismJ.truthful

K.faithfullyL.probingM.deceiveN.riskO.entirely

II、[11]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由前面的partof可知此处为名词。根据上文提到的内容及political,

politician,democracy等词，可以推断空白处最合适的词是politics。

12、[12]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处应为动词原形，与and前半句所用的时态一致。根据本句中的

expect及even等词可以推断，空白处的动词词义比“希望”更强.只有require（要求）

最合适。

13、[13]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：此处应为形容词，修饰statements。本句将“政治”与“做出声明

的活动”及纸牌游戏做比较，根据上一句的句意及本句中的lesslike...andmore

like…两个比较结构，可以推断pokergame在句中是贬义的，而空白处的形1容词

应为一个褒义词，因此答案为truthful。truthfulstatements意为“真实声明”。

14、[14]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：由前面的tryI。可知此处为动词原形。根据上一段中的expecttobe

lied及本句提到的pokergame等词可以判断本题答案为deceiveo

15、[15]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：此处应为副词，修饰justified的程度。根据上文提到的有时政客说谎

是必须的，及本句提到的thepublicevenhasalrighttobeliedto”,可以推断这个程

度副词是entirelyo

16、[16]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：此处应为名词，可与at搭配，作is的表语。在词库中可以与at搭配

的名词只有risk。whennationalsecurityisatrisk意为“当国家安全处「危险中的时

候”。

17、[17]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：此处应为名词或动名词，可与into搭配。根据上下文的意思，在词

库中只有probing最合适。probinginto…意为”对...的调查”。注意区别本句中

increased的词性，因为主语themaincause不可能“增长"，故increased在此不是动

词谓语，而是过去分词作形容词修饰空白处的名词。

18、[18]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此处应为副耐，修饰lie。根据BillClinton和MonicaLewinsky这些

名词及他们的事件，可以推断该词应为famously。

19>[19]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：此处应为名词，而且是复数。根据本句的句意，可以推断空白处的单

词应与本句说到BillClinton的事件有关，而且此处的lieabouttheir与前一

个分句BillClintonliedabouthisaffair结构相同,因此答案是affairs一词。

20、[20]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：此处成为名i心与colleagues并列，都是表示某种人，只有

journalists适合。

Forthousandsofyears,peoplethoughtofglassassomethingbeautifultolookat.Only

recentlyhavetheycometothinkofitassomethingtolookthrough.Storesdisplaytheir

goodsinlargeglasswindows.Glassbottlesandjarsthatholdfoodanddrinkallowusto

seethecontents.Glassisusedtomakeeyeglasses,microscopes,telescopes,andmany

otherextremelyusefulandnecessaryobjects.UntiltheSecondWorldWar,mostofthe

glassusedforopticalinstrumentswasimportedfromEurope.However,duringthewar

AmericanscouldnotgetEuropeanglass,andtheywereforcedtomaketheirown.Asa

result,newkindsofglassesweredevelopedthathadbeenpreviouslyunknown.These

neweffectswereachievedbymixingotherchemicalelementswiththesand.Someof

thesenewglassesarcverystmngandcanresistmanykindsofshocks.Legendhasitthat

averyhardglasswasinventedbyaRomanwhoshowedhisdiscoverytotheEmperor.

WhentheEmperorsawtheglasshefearedthatitwouldbecomemorevaluablethangold

andsilver,makinghistreasureworthless.Therefore,hehadtheglassmakerkilled,and

(hesecretwasnotdiscoveredagainfbrhundredsofyears.Inthepresentcentury,safety

glasswasinventedforuseinmoderncarsandplanes.Safetyglassismadebyplacinga

layerofplasticbetweentwolayersofplateglass.When(heoutsidelayerofglassis

broken,(hepiecesdonotscalierandinjurepeople.Someglassofthistypeisstrong

enoughtoresistbullets.Althoughinrecentyearsplasticshavereplacedglassunder

conditionswhereglassmightbeeasilybroken,therearenewusesbeingdeveloped,for

thegreatestadvantageofglassisthatitscomponentpartsareinexpensiveandcanbe

foundallovertheworld.

21、Withthepassageoftime,glass.

A、isregardedastransparent

B、isnolongerseenasdecoration

C、isusedtomakethingslookpleasant

D、iswidelyusedtoreplacesteelinmakingcontainers

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考杳倒装句的理解。从文章第2句的开头only

recently可知第1句和第2句是对比关系：现在的情况与以前不一样了，因此B为

F确选项°选项A是对原文第2句话的曲解，吊然这句话中说到的玻璃现在被视

为somethingtolookthrough,但是，这句话要强调的并不是到现在人们才发现玻璃

是透明的，而是要强调玻璃可以被用作工具，透过它去看别的东西。选项C中的

lookpleasant和选项D在文中都没有提到。

22、WhydidAmericansmaketheirownglassduringtheSecondWorldWar?

A^Thewarblockedthewayofglassimport.

B、TheyrefusedtousetheEuropeanglass.

C、TheglassmadeinEuropewasoutofdate.

D、Theywereabletomakeanewkindofglass.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。从第2段的第I、2句可以看出，二战前美国从欧洲进

口玻璃，而战时却不能从欧洲进口玻璃，也就是说，进口玻璃的渠道应是被战争中

断了，因此答案应为选项A。选项D是不能进口玻璃的结果，而不是原因。其余

两项都没有原文依据。

23、Bytellingthelegend,theauthorwantsto.

A、provethattheRomanwasthefirstinventorofhardglass

B、supportthattheAmericanswereascleverastheRomans

C、givesomeinterestinginformationabouthardglass

D^provideahistoricaleventconcernedwithhardglass

标准答案；C

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查例子与主题的关系。作者引用传说，只是为了

使文章读起来更有趣。这是一个传说，不一定是真实的，因此，它不能被视为选项

D所提及的历史事件，也不能证明是罗马人第一个发明坚固的玻璃，所以选项A

也是不对的。选项B与本段内容无关，本段主要说明J'美国人开发出新的玻璃制

品的来由，并无说明美国人聪明之意。

24、Allofthefollowingconcerningthesafetyglassarediscussedinthetext

EXCEPT.

A^itsuses

B、itsstrength

C、itsstructure

D、itslimitations

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查列举处，用排除法可以找出答案。第3段中除

选项D外，选项A可从第1句推断，选项B可从最后一句推断，选项C可从第2

句推断。

25、Newusesofglassarebeingdevelopedonthegroundthat.

A^glassisnotassafeasplastics

B、glassisnotasstronganddurableasplastics

C、glassiseasilyobtainableandinexpensive

D、glassismoreandmorewidelyused

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题解题的关键在于注意最后一段中的“therearenew

usesbeingdeveloped,for…这里表明了一对因果关系，for后面引出不断研发玻

璃新用途的原因，由此可见，本题正确选项应为C。选项A和B中提到的玻璃的

缺点虽在现实中也是有可能的，但文中并无字句说明因为这些缺点而要不断研发玻

璃的新用途。

TheEskimoshavedevelopedacapacitytolivepeacefullywithoneanother.Theyhave

nothadastrictsystemoflandownership,oneoftheuniversalcausesofconflict.They

haveevolvedasystemoffood-sharingamongfamiliesthatmakesthepreservationoflife

possible.Theabsolutenecessityofcreatingthissafeguardagainstsiarvaiionhas

strengthenedbondsbetweenneighbors.AlmosteverytravelerhasnotedtheEskimos'

friendlinessandgoodhumorcowardstrangersandamongthemselves.Inacountrywhere

agricultureisimpossibletheyhavebeenforcedtospendtheirenergiesinfood-gathering

ratherthanwarfare.Ifonefamilydisagreedwithanother,theusualsolutionwasforthat

familytopickupitsfewpossessionsandgoelsewhere.Inthevastunusedland,moving

presentedalmostnoproblem.Thepracticeofinfanticide,andsuicideamongtheold

people,seems（ohavebeenafactorofsurvivalintimesoffoodscarcity.Thesizeofthe

familywascontrolledtosomeextentbytheabilityofthefatherasahunterandby（he

abundanceofgame（猎物）inthearea.Marriagewasaveryseriousandlifelongbond

amongEskimos;inordertochooseapermanentandcompatiblemateanumberoftrial

marriageswerepermitted,eachlastingperhapshalfayear.Duringthetrialperioda

coupleusuallylivedwiththegirl'sparentsandtheyoungmanhuntedexclusivelyforhis

futurefather-in-law.Ifachildwasbornasaresultofanunsuccessfultrialmarriageit

wasadoptedbyrelativesorfriends.Childrenareoftengivenoutforadoptioninthe

Eskimossocietyandareeagerlyadoptedbyotherfamilies,fbrtheEskimos'campand

nomad（游牧民族的）grouprepresentakindofextendedfamily.Polygamy（•夫多妻

制）wasoccasionallypracticedbythemostsuccessfulhunters,but