大学英语四级模拟试卷329

大学英语四级模拟试卷329

一、作文（本题共/题，每题上。分，共1分。）

1、Forthispart,youarcallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic

ElectronicDictionariesArcNotGood.Youarcrequiredtowriteatleast120words.

RememberbaseyourcompositiononthefollowingChineseoutlines.1.很多学生喜欢使

用电子词典。2.使用电子词典的缺点。3.正确使用词典学习进步会大得多。

标准答案：ElectronicDictionariesArcNotGoodThereisnoconsensusofopinions

amongpeopleastoelectronicdictionaries.Somepeoplewhoarcinfavoroftheideaof

usingtheelectronicdictionariesholdthatitismoreconvenienttopresssomekeysonthe

machine.Foronething,theycangetthemeaningofacertainwordveryquickly.For

another,theyliketoshowtheyarecatchingupwiththenewcevelopmentofthescience

andtechnology.Therefore,moreandmorestudentschoosetouseelectronicdictionaries

insteadoftraditionalones.However,thosewhoinsistonusingtraditionaldictionaries

argue（hatconstantuseofsuchelectronicdevicemaycausesideeffects.Intheiropinions,

electronicdictionariesdonotcontainasmuchinformationasaqualifieddictionary

compiledbyauthoritiesofthefield.Inaddition,someexplanationsinthemaresosimple

thattheycancertainlycausemisunderstanding.Inmyviewpoint,alearnershouldhavea

gooddictionaryonhandandtreattheelectronicdictionaryasamakeshift.Thatistosay,

electronicdictionariescannottaketheplaceoftraditionalones.Inaword,onlywhenwe

takegooduseofelectronicdictionaries,canweimproveagreatdealinEnglishstudy.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题分，共70

分。）

AdvancedLearnersinChina'sTopUniversitiesAndrewChi-chihYao,aPrinceton

professorwhoisrecognizedasoneoftheUnitedStates'stopcomputerscientists,was

approachedbyTsinghuaUniversityinBeijinglastyeartoleadanadvancedcomputer

studiesprogram,hedidnothesitate.WhywouldaleadingscientistatoneofAmerica's

topuniversitiesleaveaprestigiousprogramfbrauniversitythatislittleknownoutsideof

China?Onereasonisloyalty（o（hecountrywherehewasbom,althoughhespenthis

academiccareerintheUnitedStatesandwasraisedinTaiwan,China."Patriotismdoes

havesomethingtodowithit,becauseIjustcannotimaginegoinganywhereelse,evenif

theconditionswereequal,"hesaid.Chinawantstotransformitstopuniversitiesintothe

world'sbestwithinadecade,andisspendingbillionsofdollarstowoobig-namescholars

likeYaoandtobuildfirst-ckissresearchlaboratories.Chinahasalreadypulledoffoneof

themostremarkableexpansionsofeducationinmoderntimes,increasingthenumberof

undergraduatesandpeoplewhoholddoctoraldegreesfivefoldedin10years."First-ciass

universitiesincreasinglyreflectanation'soverallpower,"WuBangguo,China'ssecond-

rankingleader,saidrecentlyinaspeechheremarkingthe1OOthanniversaryofFudan

University,thecountry*sfirstmodernpost-secondaryinstitution.China'smodelissimple:

recruittopforeign-trainedChineseandovcrscas-bornethnicChinesetowcll-cquippcd

labs,surroundthemwiththebrighteststudentsandgivethemtremendousleeway.The

newconfidenceaboutenteringtheworld'seducationaleliteisheardamongpoliticians

anduniversityadministrators,studentsandprofessors.YoungChinesevisitthetop

campusesasifonapilgrimage,posingtbrphotographsbeforethearchingstonegates

(heydreamofenteringasstudents."Maybein20years,MITwillbestudyingTsinghua's

example,"saysRaoZihe,directoroftheInstituteofBiophysicsatTsinghua,University,

aninstitutionthatisrenownedforitssciencesandisregardedbymanyasChina'sfinest

university."Howlongitwilltaketocatchupcan*tbepredicted,butinsomerespectswe

arealreadybetterthantheHarvardtoday."Inonlyageneration,since1978,Chinahas

roughly20percentofitscollege-agepopulationinhighereducation,upfrom1.4percent.

Inengineeringalone,itisproducing442,000undergraduatesayear,alongwith48.000

graduateswithmaster'sdegreesand8,000doctorates.ButonlyPekingUniversityanda

fewothertopChineseinstitutionshavebeeninternationallyrecognizedassuperior.Since

1998,whenJiangZemin,thenChina'sleader,officiallystartedtheefforttotransform

Chineseuniversities,statefinancingforhighereducationhasmorethandoubled,

reaching$10.4billionin2003,thelasttwoyearsforwhichanofficialfigureare

unavailable.XuTian,aleadinggeneticistwhowastrainedandstillteachesatYale,runs

alaboratoryFudanUniversitythatperformsinnovativeworkonthetranspositionof

genes.OnAug.12,hisbreakthroughresearchwasfeaturedonthecoverof(he

prestigiousjournal.Cell,afirstforaChinesescientist.PekingUniversitydrewonthe

talentsofTianGang,aleadingmathematicianfromMIT,insettingupaninternational

researchcenterforadvancedmathematics,amongotherhigh-levelresearchcenters.

OfficialsatPekingUniversityestimatethatasmuchas40percentofitsfacultyistrained

overseas,mostoftenintheUnitedStates.ThepresidentofYaleUniversity,Richard

Levin,wasinterviewedinShanghai,wherehewasthefeaturedguestinlateSeptember.

"Chinahas20percentoftheworld'spopulation,anditissafetosayithasmorethan20

percentoftheworld'sbeststudents,"hesaid."Theyhavetherawtalent."Levinalso

notedhowChina'slowlaborcostssimplifiedtheefforttoupgrade.Hesaidhehadbeen

astoundedbythenewlaboratoriesatShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,thecity'ssecond-

mostprestigiousuniversity,whichhesaidcouldbebuiltinChinafor$50asquarefoot,

or0.09squaremeters,comparedwith$500asquarefootatYale.Somecriticssaythat

thecountryistryingtoachieveexcellenceintoomanyareasatonce,andthattheplansof

about30universitiesselectedforheavystateinvestmenthavefartoolittledifferentiation,

wastingmoneyonduplicationandsacrificingexcellence.EvenLevintemperedhis

enthusiasmwithawarning(hatthe"topschoolshaveexpandedmuchtoofastandare

dilutingquality"atFudan'scentennialcelebration,alsohadhighpraiseforChina's

students."1(isimportantfordifferentuniversitiestohavedifferentqualities,justlikea

symphony,"saidYangFujia,anuclearphysicistandformerpresidentofFudan

University."ButallChineseuniversitieswanttobecomprehensive.Everybodywantsto

bethepiano,havingamedicalschoolandlotsofgraduatestudents.""AtPrinceton,one

mathematicianspentnineyearswithoutpublishingapaper,andthensolvedaproblem

thathadbeenaroundtor360years,"saidYang,whonowleadsasmallexperimental

universityinNingbo,areferenceioAndrewWilesandhissolutiontoFermat'sLast

Theoremintheearly1990s."Noonemindedthatbecausetheyappreciatethededication

tohardworkthere:Wedon'tnavethatspirityetinChina."Dr.Yaosaidhehadexpected

toconcentrateoncreatingaworld-classPh.D.program,buthadfoundsurprising

weaknessesinundergraduatetrainingandhaddecidedtoteachatthatlevel."Youcan't

justsayI'llonlydothecuttingedgestuff;that'snotaworkablesolution,"hesaid.

"You'vegottoteachthebasicsreallywellfirst."

2、ThispassagegivesagenaaldescriptionofsomeofthefamousuniversitiesinChina.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、AndrewChi-chihYaowenttoteachatTsinghuaUnivcrsiiywillinglyjustbecausehe

waspaidmuchhigherthere.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、Peoplewhoholddoctoraldegreeshavefivefoldedin10years.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、TsinghuaUniversityhasalreadycaughtupwiththeHarvardnow.

A、Y

R、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、Statefinancingforhighereducationhascometo$100billionbytheendofJune,

2005.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准妙宏.C

知识&解扁暂无解析

7、YangFujiaisanuclearphysicistandformerpresidentofFudanUniversity.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、Dr.Yaoemphasizesteachingthebasics.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、China'smodelissimple:recruittopforeign-trainedChineseandoverseas-bornethnic

Chinesetowell-equippedlabs,surroundthem.

标准答案：withthebrighteststudentsandgivethemtremendousleeway

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、OfficialsatPekingUniversityestimatethatasmuchas40percentofitsfacultyis

（rainedoverseas,.

标准答案：mostoftenintheUnitedStates

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、EvenLevintemperedhisenthusiasmwithawarningthatthe"topschools

"atFudan'scentennialcelebration,alsohadhighpraisefbrChina'sstudents.

标准答案：haveexpandedmuchtoofastandaredilutingquality

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、ItalydefeatedArgentina2to1.

B、Thegameisstillgoingon.

C、Thegameended20minutesago.

D、Argentinawonthegame.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、Atanewsstand.

B、Atanewspaperoffice.

C、Atacardealer's.

D^Atapublishinghouse.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

AsPeoplemustgiveupcigarettes.

B、Ahealthwarningoncigarettepacks.

C、Thelawdoesn'tallowpeopletosmoke.

D^Smokingcancauselungcancer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Thewomanmisplacedherclasspermitforbiology.

B、Thewomanarrivedforregistrationtooearly.

C、Thewomanmissedregistrationforthebiologycourse.

D、Thewomangotawrongclasspermit.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Themanisthinking.abouttakinganewjob.

B、Themanlikesajobthatenableshimtotravel.

C、Themanissurethathewillgainmorebytakingthejob.

D、Themandoesn'twanttostayhomeandtakecareoftheirchild.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、HeisnotveryenthusiasticabouthisEnglishlessons.

B、HehasmadegreatprogressinhisEnglish.

C、Heisastudentofthemusicdepartment.

D、HeisnotveryinterestedinEnglishsongs.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A^Themanhaschangedhisdestination.

B、ThemanisreturningIristicket.

C、ThemanisflyingtoNewYorktomorrowmorning.

D、Themancan'tmanagetogotoNewYorkasplanned.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Teacherandstudent.

B、Mechanicandcustomer.

C、Bossandsecretary.

D^Clientandlawyer.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题上0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、$20.

B、$22.

C、$20.80.

D、$21.20.

标准答案；B

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、12,12.

B、6,6.

C、12,6.

D、6,12.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Gooddeals.

B、Poordeals.

C>Oneisgoodandtheotherispoor.

D、Notmentionedintheconversation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Takinganexam.

B、Havingaclassdiscussion.

C、Givingpresentation.

D、Drawinggraphs.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A、Business.

B、Physics.

C、Artappreciation.

D、Psychology.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、Onfoot.

B、Bycar.

C、Bybus.

D、Bytaxi.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A^Itwasinspring.

B、Itwasinwinter.

C、Itwasinsummer.

D、Itwasinfall.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A^Becauseitwastooheavy.

B、Becauseitdidnotbendeasily.

C、Becauseitdidnotshootfar.

D^Becauseitsstringwasshort.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、Itwentoutofuse300yearsago.

B、Itwasinventedaftertheshortbow.

C^Itwasdiscoveredbeforefireandthewheel.

D、It'sstillinusetoday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Theyarcaccurateandeasytopull.

B、Theirshootingrangeis40yards.

C、Theyareusuallyusedindoors.

D、Theytook100yearstodevelop.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A^Tofindouttheoriginofcarbon-14onEarth.

B、Toanalyzethecompositionofdifferenttrees.

C^Tolookintothepatternofsolarwindactivity.

D、ToexaminethechemicalelementsintheIceAge.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A^Thequalityofair.

B、Thenumberoftrees.

C、Thelifecycleoftrees.

D、Theintensityofsolarburning.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Itfollowsacertaincycle.

B、Itaffects(hegrowthoftrees.

C、IthasbeenincreasingsincetheIceAge.

D、Itisdeterminedbythechemicalsintheair.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、Someonewhoisshortislikeasquarepeg.

B、Someonewhoisnotsuitedforhisjob.

C、Someonewhoisstandinginasquare.

D^Someonewhoisputtingasquarepeginaroundhole.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Becausemostofushavetodoourjobs.

B、Becausemostofushavechosenthewrongjobs.

C、Becausemostofushavetoearnlivingfromourjobs.

D、Becausemostofusspendagreatpartofourlivesdoingourjobs.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A^Schooleducation.

B、Aptitudetests.

C、Interviewswithspecialists.

D、Thestudyofbooksinourfieldofinterest.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、DifferentJobsforPeople.

B、WorkandCareers.

C、AreYouSatisfiedwithYourWork?

D、HowtoFindtheSuitableWork?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共“题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。）

Veryfewpeoplecangetcollegedegreebefore11,butMichaelwasanexception.He

startedhighschoolwhenhev/as5,finishinginjustninemonths.Hebecamethe[Bl]

youngestcollegegraduatewhenhewas10yearsand4monthsold,earningan

[B2]degree.Nowst11Michael'sworkingonamaster'sdegreein[B3]

intelligence.ButMichael's[B4]hasn'talwaysconiceasy.[B5]

hisintelligence,hestilllacksimportantlife[B6].Inoneclass,hehadto

struggletounderstand[B7]novels,because,hesays,"I'm11.I'veneverbeenin

lovebefore.'Another[B8]washissize.[B9].Helikescomputersso

much[BIO].HewantstomakerobotsdoalltheHeavytasks.[B11].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：world's

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：architecture

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：artificial

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：success

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：Despite

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：experiences

知识点解析：暂无解析

43,[B7]

标准答案：romantic

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：challenge

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B91

标准答案：Highschoolphysicaleducationwasdifficult,becausealloftheequipment

wastoobigforthethenfivc-vcar-oldstudent

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：thatingraduateschoolhe'sstudyinghowtomaksthemthinklikepeople

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Michaelissmart,butheislikeeveryotherkid

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共10题，每题分，共

10分。）

ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetan

education.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaid(hattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationto

gotoschool.The[SI]betweenschoolingandeducationimpliedhythisremark

isimportant.Educationismuchmoreopen-endedand[S2]thanschooling.

Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantake[S3]anywhere,whetherintheshower

orin(hejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththeformallearning(hat

takesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseOf[S4]learning.Theagentsof

educationcanrangefromareveredgrandparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsonthe

radio,fromachildtoadistinguished[S5].Whereasschoolinghasacertain

predictability,educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.A(S6)conversation

withastrangermayleadaperson(odiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.

Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.Education,then,isaverybroad,

inclusiveterm.Itisa[S7]process,aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartof

school,andonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone'sentirelife.Schooling,ontheother

hand,isaspecific,formalizedprocess,whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromone

settingtothenext.[S8]acountry,childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythe

sametime,takeassignedseats,aretaughtbyanadult,use[S9]textbooks,do

homework,takeexams,andsoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,whether

theyarethealphabetoranunderstandingoftheworkingofgovernment,haveusually

beenlimitedbythe[S10]ofthesubjectbeingtaught.Forexample,highschool

studentsknow(hatthey'renetlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpolitical

problemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.

Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.A.similar

B.all-inclusiveC.throughoutD.distinctionE.chanceF.howeverG.boundariesH.

tediousI.limitationJ.informalK.exclusiveL.lifelongM.formalN.scientistO.place

48、[SI]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

49、[S2]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

50、[S3]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：暂无解析

51、[S4]

标准妙宏.I

知识£解析：暂无解析

52、（S51

标准答案：N

知识点解析：暂无解析

53、[S6]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

54、[S7]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：暂无解析

55、[S81

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

56、[S9]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

57、[S10]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：暂无解析

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共加题，每题

分,共70分。）

Everyoneseemstobeinfavorofprogress.But"progress"isafunnyword.Itdoesn't

necessarilymeanthatsomethinghasbecomestronger,wiserorbetter.Itsimplymeans

changingitfrombeingonethingtoanotherandsometimesitturnsouttobeworsethan

before.Considermedicine,forinstance.Noonecandenythatmedicalprogresshas

enrichedourlivestremendously.Becauseofmedicaladvancements,wccatbetter,live

easierandarcabletotakecareofourselvesmoreefficiently.Wecancurediseasewithno

morethanoneinjectionorapill.Ifwehaveaseriousaccident,surgeonscanputusback

togetheragain.Ifwearebornwithsomethingdefective,theycanrepairit.Theycan

makeushappy,restoreournormality,easeourpain,replacewornpartsandgiveus

children.Theycanevenbringusbackfromthedead.Thesearcwonderfulachievements,

hutthereisapricewehavetopay.Becausemedicinehasreducedinfantmortalityand

naturaldeathsosignificantly,thepopulationhasbeenrisingsteadily,inspiteofserious

effortstoreducetherateofpopulationgrowth.LessthanacenturyagointheUnited

Stales,infantmortalityclaimedmorethanhalfofthenewbornwithinthefirstyearoflife.

Medicaladvances,however,havenowreducedthatratetonearlyzero.Achildbornin

theUnitedStatestodayhasbetterthana90%chanceofsurvival.Furthermore,medical

advanceshaveensuredthatmostofthoseinfantswilllivetobeseventyyearsofageor

more,andeventhatlifeexpectancyincreaseseveryyear.Theresultofthisprogressisan

enormouspopulationincreasethatthreatensthequalityoflife,broughtaboutbyprogress

inthemedicalprofession.

58、Accordingtothepassage"progress"doesn'tmeanthat.

A、somethinghasbecomestrongerandbetter

B、somethinghasbeenchangedfrombeingonethingtoanother

C、somethinghasbecomefunny

D^somethingturnsouttobeworsethanbefore

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

59、ThechildrenhornintheUnitedStatestoday.

A、havemuchmorechanceofsurvivalthanthoseintheothercountries

B、haveasmuchchanceofsurvivalasbefore

C、willprobablylivetobe70yearsold

D^havemuchmorechanceofsurvivalthanthatofdeath

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

60>"Apricewehavetopay"inthelastsentenceofpara.2means.

A^somethingwehavetoloseorsuffer

B、alargesumofmoney

C、somethingveryexpensive

D^somethingdesirable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

61>Thispassageimpliesthatpopulationincreaseis.

A、notbeneficial

B、threatening

C、helpful

D^dangerous

标准答案:A

知识点解析：暂无解析

62Themainideaofthepassageisthat.

A、progressdoesn'talwaysbringaboutanimprovement

B、modemmedicinehasmadeourlivesbelterinsomeways

C、thegrowthinpopulationispartlytheresultofmedicalprogress

D^progressistoodifficulttounderstand

标准答案:A

知识点解析：暂无解析

Somepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsand

(hatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythat(he

oppositeistruethatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadto

misunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments.Butin

recentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsports

encourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthe

murderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipally

byminornationalcontests.Onecountryreceiveditssecondplacemedalswithvisible

indignationafter(hehockey(曲棍球)final.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthe

hockeymatch,thelosersobjectingtothefinaldecision.Theywereconvincedthatoneof

theirgoalsshouldhavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents'victorywasunfair.

Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid,"Thiswasn'thockey.Hockeyandthe

InternationalHockeyFederationarcfinished."Thepresidentofthefederationsaidlater

thatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleastthreeyears.The

AmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,after

adisputableendtotheircontest.Thegamehadendedindisturbance.Itwasthoughtat

firstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint.Butitwasannouncedthatthere

werethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthe

courttotheother,andanotherplayerpoppeditintothebasket.Itwasthefirsttimethe

USAhadlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterforfour

andahalfhoursbeforeannouncing(hattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayers

(henvotednottoreceivetheirsilvermedals.Incidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslong

assportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestion(hat

athletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnon-nationalteams,mightbetoomuchto

hopefor.Butinthepresentorganizationofth