2026年大学英语四级考试考前冲刺卷(二)

2026年大学英语四级考试考前冲刺卷(二)考试时间：125分钟满分：710分适用范围：全国大学英语四级考试考生PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopic:TheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkillsinCollegeEducation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Anewpolicytoreduceplasticwasteinsupermarkets.B)Thelaunchofacommunityrecyclingprogram.C)Agovernmentbanonsingle-useplasticbags.D)Acompany'sinitiativetousebiodegradablepackaging.2.A)Ithasreceivedmixedreactionsfromthepublic.B)Ithassignificantlyreducedplasticpollution.C)Ithasfacedlegalchallengesfromindustrygroups.D)Ithasbeenadoptedbyseveralothercities.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Abreakthroughinbatterytechnologyforelectricvehicles.B)ThediscoveryofanewmineraldepositinSouthAmerica.C)Asignificantdropintheglobalpriceoflithium.D)Aninternationalagreementonminingregulations.4.A)Itcouldextendthedrivingrangeofelectriccars.B)Itmightlowertheproductioncostofsmartphones.C)Itmayreducetheenvironmentalimpactofmining.D)Itwilllikelycreatethousandsofnewjobs.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Tostudythemigrationpatternsofararebirdspecies.B)Totracktherecoveryofaforestafterawildfire.C)Tomonitorairqualitychangesinurbanareas.D)Tomapthespreadofaninvasiveplantspecies.6.A)Theyarecheaperandeasiertodeploy.B)Theycancoverlargerareasmorefrequently.C)Theycauselessdisturbancetowildlife.D)Theyprovidehigherresolutionimages.7.A)Thedataneedstobeverifiedbygroundteams.B)Thetechnologyisnotyetwidelyavailable.C)Weatherconditionscanaffecttheiroperation.D)Privacyconcernsmaylimittheiruse.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Heispreparingforajobinterviewatatechcompany.B)Heneedsadviceonchoosingamajorforgraduateschool.C)Heisconsideringaninternshipopportunityabroad.D)Heisworriedabouthisfinalyearproject.9.A)Ithasastrongfocusontheoreticalresearch.B)Itoffersextensivehands-onlaboratoryexperience.C)Itrequiresproficiencyinasecondlanguage.D)Itinvolvesfrequentcollaborationwithindustrypartners.10.A)Thehighcostoftuitionandlivingexpenses.B)Theintensecompetitionforadmission.C)Thedifficultyofadaptingtoanewculture.D)Theuncertaintyoffuturecareerprospects.11.A)Talktoacareercounseloroncampus.B)Attendaninformationsessionnextweek.C)Contactaformerstudentoftheprogram.D)Applyforascholarshiptoeasethefinancialburden.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Sheisplanningaweekendhikingtrip.B)Sheisresearchingforahistorypaper.C)Sheisorganizingacommunityclean-upevent.D)Sheislookingforanewapartmenttorent.13.A)Itwasamajorindustrialcenterinthe19thcentury.B)Itisfamousforitswell-preservedancientarchitecture.C)Ithasundergonesignificantredevelopmentrecently.D)Itisknownforitsvibrantartsandmusicscene.14.A)Theclosureofseveralfactoriesledtoeconomicdecline.B)Anaturaldisasterdestroyedmanyhistoricbuildings.C)Populationgrowthputpressureonpublicservices.D)Politicalchangesaffectedurbanplanningpolicies.15.A)Visitthelocalhistorymuseum.B)Interviewlong-timeresidentsofthearea.C)Lookatoldmapsandphotographsonline.D)Readnewspapersfromthattimeperiod.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theroleofsleepinmemoryconsolidation.B)Theimpactofdietoncognitiveperformance.C)Thebenefitsofregularphysicalexerciseforthebrain.D)Theeffectsofchronicstressonlearningability.17.A)Itincreasestheproductionofnewbraincells.B)Itimprovestheefficiencyofneuralconnections.C)Ithelpsremovetoxicproteinsfromthebrain.D)Itenhancesbloodflowtotheprefrontalcortex.18.A)Engagingincomplexproblem-solvingactivities.B)Combiningphysicalactivitywithsocialinteraction.C)Ensuringadequateandhigh-qualitysleep.D)Maintainingaconsistentexerciseroutineovertime.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Theywereoriginallyusedforreligiousceremonies.B)TheywereinventedbyaFrenchchefbyaccident.C)TheybecamepopularasastreetfoodinAsia.D)Theywerecreatedasamilitaryration.20.A)Itscrispytextureandsavoryfilling.B)Itsnutritionalvalueandlongshelflife.C)Itsversatilityandeaseofpreparation.D)Itsculturalsymbolismandartisticpresentation.21.A)Theintroductionoffrozenfoodtechnology.B)Theriseoffast-foodchainsglobally.C)TheimmigrationofAsiancommunities.D)Themarketingcampaignsbyfoodcompanies.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Amanagerwhomicromanageseverydetail.B)Aleaderwhoinspiresandempowerstheteam.C)Anexpertwhoprovidesallthetechnicalsolutions.D)Acoordinatorwhofocusesonschedulingandlogistics.23.A)Itoftenleadstoemployeeburnoutandhighturnover.B)Itstiflescreativityandindependentproblem-solving.C)Itcreatesconfusionaboutrolesandresponsibilities.D)Itslowsdowndecision-makingprocesses.24.A)Byclearlydefiningtasksandexpectedoutcomes.B)Byencouragingopencommunicationandfeedback.C)Byprovidingregulartrainingandskilldevelopment.D)Byrecognizingandrewardingindividualcontributions.25.A)Delegationisasignofaleader'sweakness.B)Effectivedelegationrequirestrustandlettinggo.C)Onlyroutinetasksshouldbedelegatedtoothers.D)Delegationreducestheleader'scontroloverquality.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hastransformednumerousindustries,fromtransportationtoaccommodation.Atitscore,itisaboututilizingunderusedassetsbyprovidingtemporaryaccesstothem,ratherthanownership.Thismodelisoftenfacilitatedbydigitalplatformsthatconnectprovidersandusers.Proponentsarguethatitpromotesefficiency,reduceswaste,andfostersasenseofcommunity.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutregulation,workerprotections,andits___26___ontraditionalbusinesses.TherapidgrowthofcompanieslikeAirbnbandUberdemonstratesthesignificantconsumerdemandforsuchservices.Theseplatformsofferconvenienceandoftenlowercostscomparedto___27___optionslikehotelsandtaxis.Formanyindividuals,participatingasprovidershascreatednewincome___28___,allowingthemtomonetizesparerooms,vehicles,orskills.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealinginaneraofgigworkanduncertainjobmarkets.Despiteitspopularity,thesharingeconomyfacesseveralchallenges.Regulatoryframeworkshavestruggledtokeeppacewithinnovation,leadingtolegal___29___inmanycities.Questionsabouttheclassificationofworkers—whethertheyareindependentcontractorsoremployees—havesparkeddebatesaboutbenefits,minimumwage,andjobsecurity.Furthermore,thereareconcernsthattheseplatformsmay___30___existinginequalities,asaccessoftenrequiresasmartphone,reliableinternet,andacreditcard.Fromanenvironmentalperspective,thesharingeconomyhasthepotentialtoreduce___31___consumptionbymaximizingtheuseofexistingresources.Car-sharingservices,forexample,coulddecreasethenumberofvehiclesontheroad.However,somestudiessuggestthattheeaseofaccessmightactuallyincreaseoverallusage,aphenomenonknownas___32___demand.Thenetenvironmentalimpactthusremainsasubjectofongoingresearch.Lookingahead,theevolutionofthesharingeconomywilllikelybeshapedbytechnologicaladvancements,suchasblockchainforsecuretransactions,andchangingsocietalvaluestowardssustainabilityand___33___.Forittoachieveitspromisedbenefitsonabroaderscale,abalancedapproachisneeded—onethatencouragesinnovationwhileensuringfaircompetition,protectingworkers,and___34___negativeexternalities.Ultimately,itssuccessmaydependonitsabilitytointegrateintotheexistingeconomicsysteminawaythatisbothdisruptiveand___35___.A)conventionalB)opportunitiesC)impactD)disputesE)exacerbateF)collaborativeG)reboundH)constructiveI)addressingJ)resourcesK)stimulateL)transformedM)sustainableN)paradoxO)incentivesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheScienceofHabitFormation[A]Habitsaretheinvisiblearchitectureofdailylife.Researchsuggeststhatabout40percentofouractionsarehabitual,performedwithoutconsciousdeliberation.Understandinghowhabitsformandhowtheycanbechangedisthereforecrucialforpersonaldevelopment,health,andproductivity.Attheneurologicallevel,habitsareencodedasloopsinthebasalganglia,aregionofthebrainassociatedwithemotions,patterns,andreward.Thisloopconsistsofthreeelements:acue(ortrigger),aroutine(thebehavioritself),andareward.[B]Thecueisthestimulusthatinitiatesthebehavior.Itcanbeexternal(atimeofday,alocation,thesightofsomething)orinternal(aspecificemotion,aphysicalsensation).Forexample,feelingstressed(cue)mighttriggertheroutineofeatingasnack,whichprovidesthetemporaryrewardofdistractionorpleasure.Therewardreinforcestheloop,makingthebrainmorelikelytorepeatthesequenceinthefuture.Overtime,astheloopstrengthens,theconsciousdecision-makingpartofthebrain(theprefrontalcortex)becomeslessinvolved,andthebehaviorbecomesautomatic.[C]CharlesDuhigg,inhisbook*ThePowerofHabit*,popularizedtheconceptofthe"habitloop"andintroducedtheideaofa"keystonehabit."Thesearehabitsthat,whenchanged,cantriggeracascadeofotherpositivechanges.Forinstance,regularexerciseisoftenakeystonehabit;peoplewhostartexercisingfrequentlymayfindthemselveseatinghealthier,beingmoreproductiveatwork,andusingtheircreditcardsless,evenwithoutconsciouslytryingtochangethoseotherbehaviors.Keystonehabitscreatestructuresthathelpotherhabitstoflourish.[D]Forminganewhabitrequiresconsistentlyrepeatingtheloop.Theoften-cited"21daystoformahabit"isamyth;theactualtimevarieswidelydependingontheperson,thecomplexityofthebehavior,andthecircumstances.Astudypublishedinthe*EuropeanJournalofSocialPsychology*foundthatittookparticipantsanywherefrom18to254daysforanewbehaviortobecomeautomatic,withanaverageof66days.Consistencyisfarmoreimportantthanthespecificduration.[E]Tobuildagoodhabit,onemustmakethecueobvious,theroutineeasy,andtherewardsatisfying.JamesClear,authorof*AtomicHabits*,suggestsstrategieslike"habitstacking"—attachinganewhabittoanexistingone.Afterbrushingyourteeth(existinghabit),youmightdotwominutesofmeditation(newhabit).Thisleveragestheestablishedcue.Similarly,reducingfrictionforthedesiredroutineiskey.Wanttoreadmore?Leaveabookonyourpillow.Wanttoruninthemorning?Sleepinyourrunningclothes.[F]Breakingabadhabitinvolvesdisruptingtheloop.Sincethecueandrewardoftenremainpowerful,themosteffectivestrategyistochangetheroutine.Ifthecueisboredomandtherewardisstimulation,theroutineofscrollingthroughsocialmediacouldbereplacedwithcallingafriendorreadingafewpagesofanovel.Anotherapproachistomakethecuesinvisible.IfyousnackmindlesslywhilewatchingTV,stopkeepingsnacksinthelivingroom.Increasingfrictionfortheunwantedbehaviormakesitlesslikelytooccur.[G]Thecontextinwhichweliveplaysasignificantrole.Ourenvironmentisfilledwithcuesthattriggerhabits,manyofwhicharedesignedbycompaniestoencourageconsumption.Supermarketsplacecandyatcheckoutlines,andappsusenotificationstopullusbackin.Beingawareoftheseenvironmentalcuesallowsustoredesignourpersonalspacestosupportthehabitswewant.Thismightmeanchargingyourphoneoutsidethebedroomtoavoidlate-nightbrowsingorusingawebsiteblockerduringworkhours.[H]Willpowerisoftenmisunderstoodinhabitchange.Itisnotaconstanttraitbutaresourcethatcanbedepleted,aconceptknownas"egodepletion."Decisionsdrainwillpower.Therefore,thegoalofhabitformationistomakedesiredbehaviorsautomatic,thusconservingwillpowerformoreimportantdecisions.Awell-designedhabitsystemreducesrelianceonmotivation,whichisfleeting,andinsteadreliesonstructureandenvironment.[I]Habitsalsohaveaprofoundsocialdimension.Wetendtoadoptthehabitsofthesocialgroupswebelongto.Ifyourfriendsgotothegymregularly,youaremorelikelytodoso.Thisiswhygroupaccountabilityprogramsorhavinga"habitbuddy"canbepowerfultoolsforchange.Sharedidentityandnormsprovideexternalreinforcementthatcomplementsinternalmotivation.[J]Ultimately,habitchangeisnotaboutsheerwillpowerordrasticovernighttransformation.Itisaskillthatcanbelearnedthroughunderstandingthemechanismsofthehabitloopandstrategicallymanipulatingthecues,routines,andrewards.Small,incrementalchanges,sustainedovertime,canleadtoremarkablepersonalandprofessionaltransformations.Byfocusingonsystemsratherthangoals,individualscancreatelastingchange.36.Thebrainregionresponsibleforhabitformationislinkedtoemotionsandrewardprocessing.37.Thetimeittakesforabehaviortobecomeautomaticcandiffergreatlyamongindividuals.38.Attachinganewhabittoanalreadyestablishedoneisarecommendedtechniqueforhabitformation.39.Companiesoftendesignenvironmentalcuestoinfluenceconsumerhabits.40.Asinglepowerfulhabitcanleadtopositivechangesinotherunrelatedareasoflife.41.Tobreakabadhabit,oneeffectivemethodistoreplacetheroutinewhilekeepingthecueandreward.42.Willpowerisafiniteresourcethatcanbeexhaustedbymakingtoomanydecisions.43.Theaveragetimefoundinastudyforanewbehaviortobecomeautomaticwas66days.44.Socialcirclesandgroupnormscansignificantlyimpactanindividual'shabits.45.Theprocessofhabitformationreliesonathree-partloopconsistingofacue,aroutine,andareward.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inanageofinformation