2026年英语四级阅读专项模拟含解析

2026年英语四级阅读专项模拟含解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷第一部分仔细阅读阅读下面的文章，回答第1至5题。Theriseofthe"gigeconomy"hastransformedthewaypeopleworkandearnaliving.Fueledbydigitalplatforms,millionsofindividualsaroundtheworldarenowengagedinshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkratherthantraditionallong-termemployment.Whileofferingflexibilityandautonomy,thisshiftalsobringsaboutsignificantchallengesanduncertaintiesforbothworkersandsociety.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofthegigeconomyisthefreedomitprovides.Workerscanchooseprojectsthatinterestthem,settheirownschedules,andoftenworkremotely.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtothosewhovaluework-lifebalanceorneedtomanageothercommitments.Forexample,parentsmightusegigworktofitaroundchildcareresponsibilities,orstudentstosupplementtheirincomewhilestudying.Thedigitalnatureoftheseplatformsalsobreaksdowngeographicalbarriers,allowingworkerstocollaboratewithclientsorcolleaguesanywhereintheworld.However,thisfreedomcomesatacost.Gigworkerstypicallylackthebenefitsassociatedwithtraditionalemployment,suchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans.Sincetheirincomecanbeunpredictableandoftendependsonthenumberofhoursworkedortaskscompleted,financialstabilitybecomesamajorconcern.Withoutaconsistentemployerprovidingsupport,gigworkersmustnavigatethecomplexitiesofmanagingtheirowntaxes,socialsecurity,andsavings.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtoanxietyandlong-termfinancialinsecurity,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnswhengigworkopportunitiesmaydecrease.Moreover,thegigeconomyraisesquestionsaboutlaborrightsandsocialsafetynets.Asplatformsmediatetherelationshipbetweenworkersandclients,traditionalnotionsofemploymentandemployerresponsibilitybecomeblurred.Whoisultimatelyresponsibleforensuringfairpayorworkingconditions?Theseplatformsoftenarguethattheyaremerelyfacilitators,notemployers,thuslimitingtheirlegalobligationstowardsworkers.Thislegalambiguitymakesitchallengingforgigworkerstoadvocatefortheirrightsorreceiveadequateprotectionunderexistinglaborlaws.Societiesaregrapplingwithhowtoadaptregulationstoaddresstheneedsofthisgrowingworkforcewhilestillencouraginginnovationandeconomicdynamism.Theriseofthegigeconomyalsoimpactsthebroaderlabormarket.Ononehand,itcanstimulateeconomicactivitybycreatingmorejobopportunitiesandallowingbusinessestoaccessaflexibleworkforce.Ontheotherhand,itmaycontributetotheerosionoftraditionaljobrolesandthedeclineofunionizedlabor,potentiallywideningincomeinequality.Ascompaniesincreasinglyfavorgigworkersoverfull-timeemployees,thetraditionalcareerladderbecomeslessaccessible,andcompetitionforstablejobsmayintensify.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?(A)Thenegativeimpactsofdigitalplatformsonpersonalrelationships.(B)Theeconomicandsocialconsequencesofthegigeconomy.(C)Thebenefitsofremoteworkforcorporateproductivity.(D)Thechallengesfacedbyparentsinbalancingworkandfamily.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisasignificantbenefitofthegigeconomyforworkers?(A)Guaranteedlong-termemploymentcontracts.(B)Accesstocomprehensivehealthinsuranceplans.(C)Theabilitytochooseprojectsandsetownschedules.(D)Automaticenrollmentincompany-sponsoredretirementfunds.3.Theword"precariousness"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)Stability(B)Security(C)Flexibility(D)Unpredictability4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthelegalstatusofgigworkers?(A)Theyarealwaysclassifiedasindependentcontractorsbylaw.(B)Theiremploymentrightsareclearlydefinedbyinternationaltreaties.(C)Theyfacelegalchallengesduetoambiguousplatformresponsibilities.(D)Theyarefullyprotectedunderallnationallaborregulations.5.Thepassageimpliesthatthegigeconomymayleadto:(A)Asignificantreductioninglobalunemploymentrates.(B)Widerincomeinequalityandfewertraditionaljobopportunities.(C)Thecreationofmorestable,long-termpositionswithincompanies.(D)Increasedunionizationandstrongerlaborprotectionsforworkers.第二部分长篇阅读Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsbasedonit.Theconceptof"well-being"hasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyears,movingbeyondtraditionalmeasuresofeconomicsuccesstoencompassabroaderrangeoffactorscontributingtoanindividual'squalityoflife.Whiledefinitionsmayvary,well-beinggenerallyincludeselementssuchasemotionalhealth,physicalhealth,socialconnections,andasenseofpurpose.Achievingabalancedstateofwell-beingisincreasinglyseennotjustasapersonalgoal,butalsoasessentialforsocietalhealthandproductivity.Contributingtoemotionalwell-beinginvolvesmanagingstress,cultivatingpositiveemotions,anddevelopingresilience.Practicessuchasmindfulnessmeditation,regularphysicalexercise,andengaginginhobbieshavebeenshowntoreduceanxietyandimprovemood.Buildingandmaintainingstrongsocialrelationshipsisequallycrucial.Humanbeingsareinherentlysocialcreatures,andalackofmeaningfulconnectionscannegativelyimpactmentalhealth.Communities,families,andfriendshipsprovidesupportnetworksthatbufferagainstadversityandenhancelifesatisfaction.Studiesconsistentlydemonstratecorrelationsbetweensocialisolationandincreasedrisksofdepression,anxiety,andevenphysicalhealthproblems.Physicalhealthisanothercornerstoneofwell-being.Thisencompassesnotonlytheabsenceofillnessbutalsothepresenceofvitality.Regularphysicalactivity,anutritiousdiet,sufficientsleep,andavoidingharmfulsubstancesliketobaccoarefundamentalhabitsthatsupportphysicalhealth.Theseactionsnotonlyreducetheriskofchronicdiseasessuchasheartdisease,diabetes,andobesitybutalsoenhanceenergylevels,cognitivefunction,andoveralllongevity.Thelinkbetweenphysicalandmentalhealthisparticularlystrong;physicalactivity,forinstance,hasbeenshowntoreleaseendorphins,whichnaturallyboostmoodandreducepainperception.Findingasenseofpurposeormeaninginlifeisalsovitalforwell-being.Thiscanbederivedfromvarioussources,includingwork,volunteering,creativepursuits,orcaringforothers.Peoplewhofeeltheirlifehassignificancetendtobemoremotivated,resilient,andsatisfied.Purposecanprovidedirectionandaframeworkfornavigatinglife'schallenges.Engaginginactivitiesthatalignwithone'svaluesandcontributetosomethinglargerthanoneselfcanfosteradeepsenseoffulfillmentandresilience.Itisimportanttorecognizethatwell-beingisnotastaticdestinationbutadynamicandongoingprocess.Itrequiresconsciouseffortandregularattention,muchlikemaintainingphysicalfitness.Whatconstituteswell-beingcanalsovaryacrossculturesandindividuals.Therefore,cultivatingwell-beinginvolvesbothpersonalresponsibilityandsocietalsupport.Policiesandenvironmentsthatpromotehealth,socialcohesion,andopportunitiesformeaningfulengagementcansignificantlycontributetothewell-beingoftheircitizens.6.Whereinthepassagedoestheauthormentiontheimportanceofphysicalexerciseforemotionalhealth?(A)Inthefirstparagraphdiscussingthedefinitionofwell-being.(B)Inthesecondparagraphaboutemotionalwell-beingandresilience.(C)Inthethirdparagraphfocusingonphysicalhealthandchronicdiseases.(D)Inthefinalparagraphonthedynamicnatureofwell-being.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyfactorinmaintainingphysicalhealth?(A)Achievingahighlevelofsocialstatus.(B)Engaginginregularphysicalactivityandahealthydiet.(C)Livinginalargecitywitheasyaccesstoamenities.(D)Havingalargenumberofsocialconnections.8.Theword"cornerstone"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)Foundation(B)Advantage(C)Goal(D)Benefit9.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasasourceofpurposeinlife?(A)Accumulatingwealthandmaterialpossessions.(B)Engaginginwork,volunteering,orcreativepursuits.(C)Focusingsolelyonpersonalentertainmentandleisure.(D)Isolatingoneselffromotherstofocusonindividualgoals.10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutwell-being?(A)Itisprimarilydeterminedbygeneticfactorsandcannotbechanged.(B)Itisastaticstatethatcanbeachievedonceandmaintainedpassively.(C)Itrequiresongoingeffortandattention,andcanvaryamongindividuals.(D)Itissolelytheresponsibilityofindividualstoachievewithoutexternalsupport.第三部分选词填空ReadthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithONEsuitablewordfromthewordbankbelow.Makesurethewordisusedonlyonce.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.WordBank:*prevalentparadigmmitigateConsequentlyempiricalfacilitatediminishinherentprospectiveTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingnumeroussectors,fromhealthcaretotransportation.Oneofthemost(11)______changesisthetransformationoftheworkplace,whereAItoolsareincreasingly(12)______taskspreviouslyrequiringhumanjudgment.Whilethesetechnologiespromiseenhancedefficiencyandproductivity,theyalsoraisesignificantconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandthefutureofwork.Criticsarguethatthe(13)______impactofwidespreadAIadoptioncouldbethelossofmillionsofjobs,particularlyinfieldsinvolvingroutinecognitiveormanualtasks.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theymay(14)______humanworkersinvariousindustries,leadingtostructuralunemployment.However,proponentscounterthatAIwillalso(15)______newjobopportunities,albeitindifferentareasrequiringskillslikeAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight.Theultimateoutcomeremains(16)______,contingentonhowsocietiesadapttheireducationsystemsandlaborpoliciestothechangingtechnologicallandscape.Toaddressthesechallenges,researchersandpolicymakersareexploringwaysto(17)______thepotentialnegativeeffectsofAI.Thisincludesinvestinginreskillingandupskillingprogramstohelpworkerstransitiontonewroles.Additionally,fosteringacollaborativerelationshipbetweenhumansandAI,wheremachinesaugmentratherthanreplacehumancapabilities,isseenasa(18)______pathforward.EnsuringthatthebenefitsofAIaredistributedequitablyandthatits(19)______risks,suchasbiasorprivacyconcerns,aremanagedeffectivelywillbecrucialforharnessingitspotentialwithoutexacerbatingsocietalinequalities.11.______12.______13.______14.______15.______16.______17.______18.______19.______第四部分多项选择Readthefollowingpassageandselectthecorrectanswer(s)foreachquestionbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Markyouranswersontheanswersheet.Eachquestionhastwoorfouroptions.Youmayselectoneormorethanoneanswer.Nomorethanoneanswerisrequiredforeachquestion.Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Inrecentdecades,urbanizationhasacceleratedglobally,leadingtothegrowthofmegacitieswithpopulationsoftenexceedingtenmillion.Whilecitiesofferopportunitiesforemployment,education,andculturalenrichment,theyalsopresentsignificantenvironmentalandsocialchallenges.Theconcentrationofpeopleinlimitedspacescreatesimmensepressureoninfrastructure,resources,andpublicservices.Oneofthemostpressingissuesinmegacitiesisthestrainontheenvironment.Thehighdensityofbuildingsandtransportationnetworkscontributestoairpollution,oftenexacerbatedbytrafficcongestionandindustrialactivities.Heatislands,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthantheirruralsurroundingsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandlackofvegetation,arebecomingincreasinglyproblematic,impactingresidents'healthandenergyconsumption.Wastemanagementalsoposesamajorchallenge,withinadequatesystemsstrugglingtocopewiththevastquantitiesofsolidandliquidwastegenerateddaily.Waterscarcityandthecontaminationofwatersourcesareadditionalenvironmentalconcernsoftenfacedbyrapidlygrowingurbancenters.Socialchallengesareequallyprominent.Housingcostsinmajorcitieshavesoared,makingitdifficultformiddle-andlow-incomefamiliestofindaffordableaccommodation.Thisoftenleadstothegrowthofinformalsettlementsorslumsonthecity'speriphery,lackingbasicserviceslikecleanwater,sanitation,andelectricity.Accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcarecanalsobeuneven,withwealthierneighborhoodsenjoyingbetterresourcesthanpoorerareas.Furthermore,thefastpaceoflifeandtheanonymityoflargecitiescancontributetosocialisolationandmentalhealthissuesamongresidents.Despitethesechallenges,megacitiesarealsohubsofinnovationandprogress.Theyattracttalentandinvestment,fosteringeconomicgrowthandtechnologicaladvancement.Theconcentrationofdiversepopulationscanstimulateculturalexchangeandcreativity.Manycitiesarenowfocusingonsustainabledevelopment,investinginpublictransportation,greenspaces,andrenewableenergysourcestomitigatetheirenvironmentalimpact.Initiativestoimproveurbanplanning,enhancesocialservices,andpromoteinclusivegrowthaimtomakemegacitiesmorelivableandresilientforthefuture.20.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeenvironmentalpressuresfacedbymegacities?(A)Increasedairpollutionandtheheatislandeffect.(B)Depletionoflocalwaterresourcesanddeforestation.(C)Overwhelmingwastemanagementsystemsandnoisepollution.(D)Higherenergyconsumptionandcontaminationofwatersources.21.Whichofthefollowingsocialissuesrelatedtomegacitiesismentionedinthepassage?(A)Risingcrimeratesduetoeconomicdisparity.(B)Thegrowthofinformalsettlementslackingbasicservices.(C)Asignificantincreaseinthebirthratewithinurbanareas.(D)Widespreadunemploymentandunderemploymentamongyouth.22.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofmegacities?(A)Theyarelikelytoexperienceuncontrollablepopulationgrowthwithoutintervention.(B)Manycitiesareadoptingstrategiestobecomemoresustainableandlivable.(C)Economicopportunitieswillprimarilybenefitthewealthy,exacerbatinginequality.(D)Thechallengesofurbanizationwillleadtoaglobaltrendofdepopulation.23.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementaccuratelyreflectstheviewofproponentsofurbanization?(A)Citiesinherentlycreatemoresocialproblemsthantheysolve.(B)Megacitiesshouldfocussolelyonindustrialdevelopmentforeconomicgrowth.(C)Citiesarecentersofinnovationandofferopportunitiesforculturalexchange.(D)Theenvironmentalimpactofurbanizationcannotbeeffectivelymanaged.答案试卷答案第一部分仔细阅读1.(B)2.(C)3.(D)4.(C)5.(B)解析思路1.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了“零工经济”的兴起及其带来的灵活性优势，然后重点阐述了这种模式对工作者（缺乏保障、收入不稳定）和社会（法律问题、市场影响）带来的挑战。文章围绕“零工经济”的利弊展开论述，核心是探讨其带来的“挑战和不确定性”。选项(A)片面，只提到了好处。选项(B)准确概括了文章的主要内容。选项(C)是零工经济的优势之一，但不是全文主旨。选项(D)是文中提到的一个例子，不是主旨。故选B。2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“benefit”、“workers”，定位到第二段。该段明确提到“...thefreedomitprovides.Workerscanchooseprojectsthatinterestthem,settheirownschedules,andoftenworkremotely.”（...它提供了自由。工作者可以选择让他们感兴趣的项目，设定自己的时间表，并且经常可以远程工作。）这与选项(C)“能够选择项目和设定自己的时间表”相符。选项(A)与文中“traditionallong-termemployment”相反。选项(B)、(D)是传统雇佣关系中可能提供的福利，非零工经济的主要优势。故选C。3.词义猜测题。根据上下文，“Withoutaconsistentemployerprovidingsupport,gigworkersmustnavigatethecomplexitiesofmanagingtheirowntaxes,socialsecurity,andsavings.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtoanxietyandlong-termfinancialinsecurity...”文中提到，缺乏稳定雇主支持，零工工作者在管理税务、社保和储蓄方面面临复杂挑战，这种状态导致焦虑和长期财务不安全。空格处描述的是缺乏雇主支持的状态带来的后果，即不稳定、不安全。选项(A)Stability（稳定）与文意相反。选项(B)Security（安全）与文意相反。选项(C)Flexibility（灵活性）不是precariousness的含义。选项(D)Unpredictability（不可预测性）和Insecurity（不安全感）结合，符合文意，指这种状态是动荡且不可预测的，导致不安全。故选D。4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“legalstatus”，定位到第三段后半部分。“Asplatformsmediatetherelationshipbetweenworkersandclients,traditionalnotionsofemploymentandemployerresponsibilitybecomeblurred.Whoisultimatelyresponsibleforensuringfairpayorworkingconditions?Theseplatformsoftenarguethattheyaremerelyfacilitators,notemployers,thuslimitingtheirlegalobligationstowardsworkers.”（随着平台在工作者和客户之间进行中介，传统雇佣关系和雇主责任的概念变得模糊。最终谁对确保公平报酬或工作条件负责？这些平台常常辩称他们只是中介，而不是雇主，从而限制了他们对工作者的法律义务。）文中明确提到平台常常声称自己是中介而非雇主，以此来限制其法律义务，这导致了法律地位的模糊和不确定性。选项(A)过于绝对，并非所有情况下都是如此。选项(B)文中未提及国际条约。选项(C)符合文意，平台对雇主责任的法律地位存在模糊性，导致工人面临挑战。选项(D)与文中平台试图规避责任的情况相反。故选C。5.推理判断题。根据题干关键词“mayleadto”，通读全文，特别是第四段和第五段。第四段提到“Whoisultimatelyresponsibleforensuringfairpayorworkingconditions?Theseplatformsoftenarguethattheyaremerelyfacilitators,notemployers...”（最终谁对确保公平报酬或工作条件负责？这些平台常常辩称他们只是中介，而不是雇主...）第五段提到“Ascompaniesincreasinglyfavorgigworkersoverfull-timeemployees,thetraditionalcareerladderbecomeslessaccessible,andcompetitionforstablejobsmayintensify.”（随着公司越来越倾向于使用零工工作者而不是全职员工，传统的职业阶梯变得不那么容易获得，对稳定工作的竞争可能会加剧。）综合来看，平台规避责任可能导致传统雇佣关系削弱，同时，零工工作者增多可能取代传统岗位，加剧不平等，减少稳定岗位。选项(A)文中未提及全球失业率会大幅下降。选项(B)符合文意，岗位被取代，不平等加剧，传统岗位减少。选项(C)与文中“declineoftraditionaljobroles”相反。选项(D)与文中“fewertraditionaljobopportunities”相反。故选B。第二部分长篇阅读6.(B)7.(B)8.(A)9.(B)10.(C)解析思路6.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“physicalexercise”、“emotionalhealth”，定位到第二段。该段前两句提到“Contributingtoemotionalwell-beinginvolvesmanagingstress,cultivatingpositiveemotions,anddevelopingresilience.Practicessuchasmindfulnessmeditation,regularphysicalexercise,andengaginginhobbieshavebeenshowntoreduceanxietyandimprovemood.”（促进情绪健康涉及管理压力、培养积极情绪和发展韧性。正念冥想、规律体育锻炼和参与爱好等做法已被证明可以减少焦虑和改善情绪。）明确指出规律体育锻炼有助于改善情绪。选项(A)在第一段。选项(B)符合文意。选项(C)在第三段。选项(D)在最后一段。故选B。7.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“maintainingphysicalhealth”，定位到第三段。该段提到“Physicalhealthisanothercornerstoneofwell-being.Thisencompassesnotonlytheabsenceofillnessbutalsothepresenceofvitality.Regularphysicalactivity,anutritiousdiet,sufficientsleep,andavoidingharmfulsubstancesliketobaccoarefundamentalhabitsthatsupportphysicalhealth.”（身体健康是幸福感的另一个基石。这不仅仅意味着没有疾病，也意味着充满活力。规律的身体活动、健康的饮食、充足的睡眠以及避免有害物质（如烟草）是支持身体健康的基本习惯。）明确列出了维持身体健康的基本习惯，包括规律身体活动和健康饮食。选项(A)、(C)、(D)文中均未直接提及为维持身体健康的关键因素。故选B。8.词义猜测题。根据上下文，“Physicalhealthisanothercornerstoneofwell-being.”文中提到身体健康是幸福感的基础。Cornerstone指的是支撑结构的基础部分，引申为某事物的基础或最重要的组成部分。选项(A)Foundation（基础）符合此意。选项(B)Advantage（优势）、(C)Goal（目标）、(D)Benefit（好处）均不符合文意。故选A。9.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“sourceofpurpose”，定位到第四段。该段提到“Findingasenseofpurposeormeaninginlifeisalsovitalforwell-being.Thiscanbederivedfromvarioussources,includingwork,volunteering,creativepursuits,orcaringforothers.”（在生活中找到目标感或意义对于幸福感也很重要。这可以从各种来源中获得，包括工作、志愿服务、创造性追求或照顾他人。）明确列举了工作、志愿服务、创造性追求等作为人生目标的来源。选项(A)、(C)、(D)文中均未提及。故选B。10.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从定义幸福感开始，接着分别论述了情绪健康（需要管理压力、社交连接）、身体健康（需要锻炼、饮食、睡眠等习惯）以及找到人生目标的重要性。最后一段总结指出“cultivatingwell-beinginvolvesbothpersonalresponsibilityandsocietalsupport.Policiesandenvironmentsthatpromotehealth,socialcohesion,andopportunitiesformeaningfulengagementcansignificantlycontributetothewell-beingoftheircitizens.”（培养幸福感涉及个人责任和社会支持。促进健康、社会凝聚力以及有意义参与机会的政策和环境可以显著促进其公民的幸福感。）这段话点明幸福感需要持续努力、是个动态过程，且因人而异。选项(A)文中未提遗传因素。选项(B)与最后一段的“dynamicandongoingprocess”相反。选项(C)符合文意，需要持续努力和关注，且因人而异。选项(D)忽略了社会支持的重要性。故选C。第三部分选词填空11.inherent12.facilitate13.potential14.diminish15.facilitate16.prospective17.mitigate18.collaborative19.inherent解析思路11.空格位于第一段描述工作场所变化的第一句。句意为：人工智能对工作场所的最________变化是工作的转型，其中人工智能工具越来越多地________之前需要人类判断的任务。根据后文“transformingtheworkplace”和“reshapingnumeroussectors”，这里需要一个形容词修饰“changes”，表示这种变化是内在的、本质的。inherent（内在的，固有的）符合语境。故填inherent。12.空格位于第一段描述人工智能如何影响工作场所的第二句。句意为：虽然这些技术承诺提高效率，但它们也引发了关于工作流失和对工作场所影响的担忧。根据前文“AItoolsareincreasingly________taskspreviouslyrequiringhumanjudgment”，这里需要一个动词，表示人工智能工具正在帮助、促进人类完成这些任务。facilitate（促进，使便利）符合语境。故填facilitate。13.空格位于第二段第一句，讨论批评者对人工智能影响的观点。句意为：批评者认为，人工智能的________影响可能是数百万个工作岗位的损失。根据后文“lossofmillionsofjobs”，这里需要一个形容词修饰“impact”，表示其可能带来的负面后果。potential（潜在的，可能的）符合语境。故填potential。14.空格位于第二段第二句，描述人工智能对人类工作者的可能影响。句意为：随着人工智能系统变得越来越复杂，它们可能________人类工作者。根据前文“AIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated”和后文“leadingtothelossofhumanjobs”，这里需要一个动词，表示人工智能系统可能会削弱或取代人类工作者。diminish（减少，削弱）符合语境。故填diminish。15.空格位于第二段第三句，讨论支持者对人工智能影响的观点。句意为：然而，支持者反驳说，人工智能也将________新的工作机会。根据后文“newjobopportunities”，这里需要一个动词，表示人工智能也将带来新的工作机会。facilitate（促进，使便利）符合语境。故填facilitate。16.空格位于第二段第四句，讨论人工智能的最终结果。句意为：最终结果仍然________，取决于社会如何适应不断变化的技术景观。根据语境，这里需要一个形容词，描述“outcome”（结果）的性质，即未来的、尚未确定的。prospective（未来的，前瞻的）符合语境。故填prospective。17.空格位于第三段第一句，讨论如何应对人工智能带来的挑战。句意为：为了应对这些挑战，研究人员和政策制定者正在探索方法来________人工智能的潜在负面影响。根据后文“reskillingandupskillingprograms”，这里需要一个动词，表示减轻或缓解人工智能的负面影响。mitigate（减轻，缓和）符合语境。故填mitigate。18.空格位于第三段第三句，讨论人机协作的前进道路。句意为：培养协作关系……是通往________的道路向前。根据后文描述的人机协作模式（augmentratherthanreplace），这里需要一个形容词，描述这种合作方式。collaborative（协作的，合作的）符合语境。故填collaborative。19.空格位于第三段最后一句，讨论管理人工智能风险的重要性。句意为：确保人工智能的________风险，例如偏见或隐私问题，得到有效管理至关重要。根据后文列举的“biasorprivacyconcerns”，这里需要一个形容词，修饰“risks”。inherent（内在的，固有的）符合语境，指这些是人工智能系统本身可能带有的内在风险。故填inherent。第四部分多项选择20.(A),(C),(D)21.(B)22.(B)23.(C)解析思路20.问题问的是根据文章，大都市面临哪些环境压力。定位到第四段第一句。“Oneofthemostpressingissuesinmegacitiesisthestrainontheenvironment.”（大都市面临的最紧迫的问题之一是对环境造成的压力。）后文具体列举了环境压力的表现。选项(A)“Increasedairpollutionandtheheatislandeffect.”（空气污染加剧和热岛效应）文中提到“Thehighdensityofbuildingsandtransportationnetworkscontributestoairpollution,oftenexacerbatedbytrafficcongestionandindustrialactivities.Heatislands,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthantheirruralsurroundingsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandlackofvegetation,arebecomingincreasinglyproblematic...”（建筑和交通网络的高密度导致空气污染，常常因交通拥堵和工业活动而加剧。热岛效应，即城市区域比周边乡村地区因混凝土普遍和植被缺乏而显著更暖，正变得越来越成问题……）符合文意。选项(C)“Overwhelmingwastemanagementsystemsandnoisepollution.”（令人难以承受的废物管理系统和噪音污染）文中提到“Wastemanagementalsoposesamajorchallenge,withinadequatesystemsstrugglingtocopewiththevastquantitiesofsolidandliquidwastegenerateddaily.”（废物管理也构成一个主要挑战，不完善的系统难以应对每天产生的大量固体和液体废物。）符合