广西南宁市高三下学期二模考试英语试题

南宁市2025届普通高中毕业班第二次适应性测试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanbuyforherhusband?A.Ascarf. B.Abackpack. C.Awallet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:David,Iwanttobuysomethingformyhusbandasagift.Abackpackorascarf?Anysuggestions?M:Howaboutawallet?Thatmighteinhandy.W:Soundsgood.Hemightlikeablackone.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenwillJudy’sswimminglessonstarttoday?A.At4:30pm. B.At4:45pm. C.At5:15pm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Judy.Doyouwanttoplaytennisafterschoolatabout4:30?W:ThatwouldbefunbutI’vegotaswimminglesson.It’susuallyat5:15butit’shalfanhourearlierthisafternoon.Ireallydon’tthinkI’llhavethetimetoplaytennistoday.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Motherandson.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:John,it’stimetogohomenow.Hurryup!M:Tenmoreminutes,please!W:Honey,it’salmostnoon.Wehavetogohomeandmakelunchforyoursister.M:Ibetshewillhangaroundwithherclassmatesafterschool.W:John,it’saquarterto12.Let’sgohomenow!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookshop. C.Inanoffice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?W:Goodmorning!I’mlookingforsomebookstoreadinmysparetime.M:OK.Whataboutthedetectivebook?It’sourbestseller.W:That’sagoodidea.Ilikeexcitingbooks.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydidPetermakeaphonecall?A.Tocalloffabooking. B.Todetermineaschedule. C.Tochangethetimefortravel.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,mynameisPeter.IhaveareservationforMr.Whitetonight.W:Yes.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Ineedtocancelit.Hehashadalastminutechangeforhistravelschedule.W:OK.Iwillcancelitlater.M:Thankyouverymuch.W:You’rewele.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.plainingtotheman. B.Introducingajobtotheman. C.Askingthemanforalicense.7.Whatjobmightthemantry?A.Adriver. B.Afarmer. C.Afactoryworker.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello.Thanksforingin.Whatbroughtyouhere?M:AfriendofminesaidhefoundtemporaryworkthroughyouguysandIwantedtohaveatry.Iamnothavingmuchluckinmyjobsearch.W:Well,you’veetotherightplace!Whatsortofworkexperiencedoyouhave?M:I’vemostlydonemanuallabor.Alotofworkonfarmsandsomeinfactories.Iwouldliketodosomethingelsebecausethatworkistiring.W:Doyouhaveadriver’slicense?M:Yes.W:Wecouldfindyouapositionasadeliverydriver.Weknowapanythatishiring.Howdoesthatsound?M:I’dliketotryit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatistheman'sprojectabout?A.Biologyscience. B.Newrestaurants. C.Renewableenergy.9.HowdoesSarahfeelaboutthenewproject?A.Bored. B.Interested. C.Satisfied.10.Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Eattogether. B.Gohiking. C.Writeareport.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Sarah,howwasyourweekend?W:Itwasgreat!Iwenthikingwithsomefriends.Howaboutyou?M:Ispentmostofmyweekendworkingonanewprojectforschool.It’sbeenkeepingmebusy.W:Thatsoundsinteresting.What’stheprojectabout?M:It’sascienceprojectaboutrenewableenergysources.We’reexperimentingwithsolarpanels.W:Wow,that’sreallycool!I’dlovetolearnmoreaboutitsometime.M:Sure,Icanshowyouourprogressnexttimewemeetup.Bytheway,haveyoutriedthatnewrestaurantdowntown?W:Notyet.Doyouwanttocheckitouttogetherthisweekend?M:Soundslikeaplan!I’llyouW:Great,lookingforwardtoit!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthestorm?A.ThroughTV. B.Throughherfriend. C.Throughemail.12.Whydoesthemanthinkstormsareappealing?A.Theairisfresh. B.Lightningisbright. C.Thesky’scolorsarechangeable.13.Whatdidthemanpreparefortheupingstorm?A.Food. B.Batteries. C.Flashlights.【答案】11.B12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Myfriendtoldmetherewouldbeastormtonight.M:YeahIreceivedanemailandjustsawthenewsonTV.Haveyoueverbeeninabigstormbefore?W:Afewtimes.Irememberonelastyearwhenthewindwassostrongthatitknockeddownafewtreesinourneighborhood.Itwasabitscary,butkindofexcitingtoo!M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Ifindstormsappealing.Theskychangescolorsbeforeastormes.W:Exactly!Doyouknowifweshouldexpectanythinglikefloodingwiththisstorm?M:Theymentionedheavyrain,soit’spossible.Doyouhaveallyouremergencythingsready?W:Imadesurewehaveflashlights,batteries,andsomefood.Howaboutyou?M:Oh,Ionlyhaveflashlights.W:Let’sjusthopethestormpassesquickly!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisincludedinthetrainingsession?A.Adebatepetition. B.Atraininggame. C.Apracticalworkshop.15.Howlongisthetrainingsessionlikelytolast?A.Twohours. B.Threehours. C.Aweek.16.Whowillorganizethetrainingsession?A.Jessica. B.Mark. C.Theboss.【答案】14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mark.Doyouhavetimetodiscussaboutsometrainingprogramsfortheteam?M:Ofcourse!W:Thebossthinksit’simportantfortheteamtoreceiveadditionaltrainingonnewsoftwaretools.Someteammembersarestillhavingtroubleusingthem.M:Yes,I’venoticedthattoo.Thesoftwarecanbeabithard.Atrainingsessionshouldbehelpful.W:Great!SoI’mthinkingoforganizingahandsonworkshop.Itwouldallowtheteamtopracticeusingthesoftwareinrealtime.M:Thatsoundsperfect.Apracticalworkshopwouldmakeiteasiertounderstandthesoftwarebetter.W:Howlongdoyouthinkthesessionshouldbe?Athreehoursession?Thatshouldgiveusenoughtimetogooverthekeyfeatures.Doesthatworkforyou?M:Twohoursshouldbeenough.I’llmakesuretheteamisavailableforthattime.Shouldwescheduleitfornextweek?W:OK.I’llsendouttheinvitationsoon.M:Thanks,Jessica!I’msuretheteamwillbenefitfromthetraining.W:You’rewele,Mark!Letmeknowifthere’sanythingelse.M:Iwilldo!Thanksagainfororganizingthis.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WheredoesJohnHopfieldefrom?A.Canada. B.America. C.Britain.18.Whatarethewinners’jobsrelatedto?A.Machine. B.Medicalscience. C.Artificialintelligence.19.HowdidHintoncreateanewnetworkbasedonHopfield’s?A.Byusingadifferentmethod. B.Bytrainingputerstolearn. C.Bycollectingparticulardata.20.Howmuchdoesawinnerof2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsget?A.Halfamilliondollars. B.1milliondollars. C.2milliondollars.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】Twoearlydevelopersofartificialintelligence(AI)havewon2024NobelPrizeinPhysics.TheyareAmericanJohnHopfieldworkingatPrincetonUniversityinNewJerseyandGeoffreyHintonwhoisacitizenofCanadaandBritainworkingattheUniversityofToronto.Inthe1980s,Hintonhelpedtodevelopamethod,whichisusedto“train”puterstolearn.Later,heheadedateamattheUniversityofTorontothatwontheImageNetpetitionin2012fordesigninga“neuralnetwork”.HintonandanothertwoAIscientistsYoshuaBengioandYannLeCunwontheTuringAwardin2019.Itisthetopawardinputerscience.TheNobelmitteesaidHopfield“inventedanetworkthatusesamethodforsavingandrecreatingpatterns”.Hintonused’networktocreateanewnetworkusingadifferentmethodknownastheBoltzmannmachine.Themitteesaidthis“machine”canlearntorecognizeelementsinaparticularkindofdata.The2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsisvaluedat$1million.Itwasequallydivided.SwedishinventorAlfredNobelcreatedtheprizestohonordiscoveriesthathelphumanity.Thefirstprizeswereawardedin1901.ThewinnersreceivetheirprizesinceremoniesheldonDecember10.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKatraKashmirValleyTrainWinterTimetableTravelingthroughtheprettySVDK(ShriMataVaishnoDeviKatra)toKashmirValleyroutehasneverbeenmoreconvenient.Thisguideoffersdetailedinformationaboutit.WinterTimetableforSVDKKashmirValleySectionTrainNameTrainNo.FromToDepartureArrivalVandeBharatSVDKSINA08:1011:20Mail/Express—SVDKSINA09:5013:10Mail/Express—SVDKSINA15:0018:20RegularTrain04483BAHLBRML10:3012:05RegularTrain04639SGDNBRML10:5512:00RegularTrain09761BAHLBDGM10:5513:00RegularTrain04667SGDNBRML14:4018:30RegularTrain04473BAHLBDGM16:2018:20Vistadome04687BAHLBDGM17:2018:35KeyHighlightsoftheTrainServices●VandeBharatExpress:Thehighspeedtrainoffersreducedtraveltimeandunmatchedfort.ItconnectsSVDKandSrinagar(SINA)injustthreehoursand10minutes.●VistadomeCoaches:ThesecoachesprovidebroadviewsofthesnowcoveredKashmirValley,makingthejourneyasattractiveasthedestination.●RegularTrainServices:TheseconnectmajorstationslikeBanihal(BAHL);Baramulla(BRML),Sangaldan(SGDN),andBudgam(BDGM),cateringto(满足)bothlocalsandtravelers.WhyChoosetheKatraKashmirRailRoute?Thisrouteisnotjustamodeoftransportationbutanexperienceinitself.Itwindsthroughthebreathtakingterrains(地形)ofthePirPanjalRangeandofferswonderfulviewsofvalleys,rivers,andsnowcoveredlandscapes.TipsforTravelers●BookinadvanceastrainsliketheVandeBharatExpressandVistadomecoachesareinhighdemandduringthewinterseason.●Snowfallmayaffecttrainoperations,sokeepaneyeonannouncementsfromNorthernRailways.●TemperaturesintheKashmirValleycandropsignificantlyduringwinters,socarrywarmclothes.HowtoBookTickets?TicketsforthesetrainscanbebookedonlinethroughtheIRCTCwebsiteoratrailwayreservationcounters.Specialcoaches,includingVistadome,mayrequireearlybookingduetolimitedavailability.21.Whichstationseesthemosttrainsleaving?A.SVDK. B.BDGM. C.SGDN. D.BAHL.22.Whichofthefollowingisidealforscenicjourneys?A.Vistadomecoaches. B.VandeBharatExpress.C.RegularTrainservices. D.Mail/Expressservices.23.Whataretravelersadvisedtodo?A.Wearfortableclothes. B.Trytobuyticketsonline.C.Checkupdatesonweather. D.Prioritizespecialcoaches.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了KatraKashmirValley的冬季火车时间表等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据时刻表From(出发站)列统计：SVDK：3班列车(VandeBharat及2班Mail/Express)；SGDN：2班列车(RegularTrain04639、04667)；BDGM：无列车从此站出发；BAHL：4班列车(RegularTrain04483、09761、04473及Vistadome04687)。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章KeyHighlightsoftheTrainServices部分“●VistadomeCoaches:ThesecoachesprovidebroadviewsofthesnowcoveredKashmirValley,makingthejourneyasattractiveasthedestination.(●全景观光车厢：这些车厢能让乘客饱览白雪覆盖的克什米尔山谷的广阔景色，使旅途和目的地一样具有吸引力)”可知，全景观光车厢非常适合风景优美的旅途。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章TipsforTravelers部分“●Snowfallmayaffecttrainoperations,sokeepaneyeonannouncementsfromNorthernRailways.(●降雪可能会影响列车运行，因此要留意印度北方铁路公司发布的公告)”可知，建议游客要关注天气方面的更新。故选C。BSeaturtlescansurvivebeingstruckbyaboat—butastheyrecover,theirshellsoftenchangeshape,bulging(鼓起)fromairbuildingupwithintheirbodies,whichmakestheanimalsunstablewhentheyswim,resultingin“bubblebuttsyndrome(泡沫屁股综合征)”,whichpreventsturtlesswimmingordivingnormally.Typically,turtleswiththisconditioncannotbereleasedbackintotheocean.Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.Ittookseveralyearsofwork,butinarecentfitting,theharnesswasmovedquicklyintoplace.“Thestaffwassuperpumped,”saysAlexPestana,asalesengineerat3DprintingpanyFormlabs.“WehelpCharlotteout!”CharlottepassedfromtheGeorgiaSeaTurtleCentertotheMysticAquarium.AmalegreenseaturtlewasgiventhenameBubbleButtatTheTurtleHospitalintheFloridaKeysshortlyafterhearrivedtherein1989.Tohelphim,theyattached2.5poundsofleadtohisshell.Thishelped,butitisn’tapermanentsolutionastheweightsmoveastheanimalsgrow.BubbleButtdiedin2022.Butbythen,effortswereunderwaytouse3Dprintingtohelpturtleslikehim.WithharnesseslikeCharlotte’s,weightscanbeaddedgraduallytoassisttheanimalstoadjust.TheTurtleHospitalcurrentlyhasaround15turtleswithbubblebuttsyndrome,accordingtoBetteZirkelbach,thehospital’smanager.“Peoplewhodriveboatsshouldobeyspeedrestrictions,manyofwhichapplyinshallowerareas,”Zirkelbachsays.“Inshallowwater,animalslikeseaturtlesanddolphinshavenowheretoescapefromboats—theycan’tdivedown.”24.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe3DprintedharnessforseaturtleslikeCharlotte?A.Torepairtheirdamagedshells. B.Toassisttheminswimming.C.Tohelpthemreducetheirweight. D.Topreventairenteringtheirbodies.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pumped”inparagraph2mean?A.Curious. B.Relaxed. C.Grateful. D.Excited.26.WhatshouldwedoaccordingtoBetteZirkelbach?A.Avoidboatspeeding. B.Buildadvancedboats.C.Protectbubblebuttturtles. D.Changeturtles’livingplaces.27.Whatisasuitabletitlefor?A.AquariumProtectsSeaTurtles’Health. B.3DPrintingEnhancesSeaTurtles’Recovery.C.SeaTurtlesBeatBubbleButtwith3DPrinting. D.BubbleButtAffectsSeaTurtles’Swimming.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了一个3D打印公司新开发出的一款3D打印挽具，以帮助患有“泡沫屁股综合征”的海龟可以正常游泳。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.(但一只名叫夏洛特“泡沫屁股”雄性海龟现在在康涅狄格州的神秘水族馆里游得更顺畅了，这要归功于一台3D打印机制作的挽具)”及第三段“Butbythen,effortswereunderwaytouse3Dprintingtohelpturtleslikehim.WithharnesseslikeCharlotte’s,weightscanbeaddedgraduallytoassisttheanimalstoadjust.(但到那时，人们一直努力使用3D打印来帮助像他这样的海龟。有了夏洛特的这样的安全挽具，重量可以逐渐增加，以帮助动物适应)”可知，3D打印的这种挽具使海龟更顺畅地游泳，其核心目的是辅助游泳。故选B项。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词下文工程师Alex的引语“WehelpCharlotteout!(我们帮助到了夏洛特)”可知，此处pumped应表达工作人员因成功安装挽具帮助到受伤海龟，使它可以游泳时的兴奋心情。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Peoplewhodriveboatsshouldobeyspeedrestrictions,manyofwhichapplyinshallowerareas,”Zirkelbachsays.“Inshallowwater,animalslikeseaturtlesanddolphinshavenowheretoescapefromboats—theycan’tdivedown.”(“开船人应该遵守速度限制规定，其中很多规定适用于较浅的水域，”Zirkelbach说道。“在浅水区，像海龟和海豚这样的动物无处躲避船只——它们无法下潜。”)”可知，在浅水区海龟无法潜水，BetteZirkelbach建议驾船者限速，即避免船超速。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Seaturtlescansurvivebeingstruckbyaboat—butastheyrecover,theirshellsoftenchangeshape,bulging(鼓起)fromairbuildingupwithintheirbodies,whichmakestheanimalsunstablewhentheyswim,resultingin“bubblebuttsyndrome(泡沫屁股综合征)”,whichpreventsturtlesswimmingordivingnormally.(海龟在被船撞击后可以存活下来——但在它们恢复的过程中，它们的壳经常会变形，由于体内空气积聚而鼓起，这使得它们在游泳时不稳定，从而导致“泡沫屁股综合征”，这使得海龟无法正常游泳或潜水)”以及第二段中“Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.(但一只名叫夏洛特的“泡沫屁股”雄性海龟现在在康涅狄格州的神秘水族馆里游得更顺畅了，这要归功于一台3D打印机制作的挽具)”结合文章主要说明了海龟在被船撞击后，会患上“泡沫屁股综合征”，这使得它们无法正常游泳或潜水，而3D打印技术制作的挽具帮助一只名叫夏洛特的海龟恢复正常游泳，这一技术也将继续帮助其他患病海龟。本文聚焦“泡沫屁股综合征”及3D打印挽具的救治方案。标题需涵盖“问题”与“科技解决手段”，故C选项“SeaTurtlesBeatBubbleButtwith3DPrinting.(海龟用3D打印技术击败泡沫屁股综合征)”能很好地概括文章主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。CAmongthegreatmomentsinliteraryhistoryIwishIcouldhavewitnessedisthatday,sometimeafterMay15,1886,whenLaviniaenteredthebedroomofhernewlydeceased(去世)oldersisterandbeganopeningdrawers.Outsprangpoems,almost1,800ofthem.Beforethat,EmilyDickinsonhadmerelypublishedahandfulofpoemsduringherlifetime.Jumpingtothepresent,anewmonumentalvolumeofDickinson’sletters—thefirstinover60years—givesusanengagedEmilyDickinson:awomaninconversationwiththeworld,throughchats,remarksaboutbooks,politicsandthesignaleventsofherage.WhateverDickinsonhopedforherpoems,shecouldneverhaveanticipatedhowtheywouldresonate(共鸣)withreadersorhowcuriousthosereaderswouldbeaboutherlife.ThisnewcollectionofTheLettersofEmilyDickinsoniseditedbytwoDickinsonscholars,CristanneMillerandDomhnallMitchell,who’vealsoaddedsome300previouslyuncollectedletterstothisvolumeforagrandtotalof1,304letters.TheresultisthatTheLettersofEmilyDickinsonreadsliketheclosestthingwe’llprobablyeverhavetorevealthesecretsaboutthepoet.Thefirstletteriswrittenbyan11yeartongue...nsontoherbrotherAustin.It’saboutyellowhensandpoor“CousinZebinafellilltheotherdayandbithistongue...”.Thefinalletter,byaseriouslysick55yearoldDickinson,wastohercousinsLouisaandFrancesNorcross.Inbetweenisalifefilledwithvisitors,houseworkandrecipesfordoughnutsandcoconutcakes.There’smentionofpublicfigureslikeFlorenceNightingaleandWaltWhitmanaswellastheimpactofCivilWar.Thereare1,304letters,and,still,they’renotenough.ScholarsestimatethatweonlyhaveaboutonetenthofthelettersDickinsoneverwrote.And,onthatmomentousdayin1886,Laviniaenteredhersister’sbedroomtofindandsuccessfullyburnallthelettersDickinsonherselfhadreceivedfromothersduringherlifetime.Suchwasthecustomoftheday,whichmakesthisnewvolumeofDickinson’slettersfeellikebreakingthesilenceofdeath—somethingIwanttobelieveDickinsonwouldhaveliked.28.WhichwordbestdescribesthediscoveryofthepoemsinDickinson’sbedroom?A.Satisfying. B.Inspiring. C.Astonishing. D.Interesting.29.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDickinson’spoems?A.Theywonherdominanceinpolitics. B.Theyareverypopularamongreaders.C.Theyfailtoresonatewithmodernpoets. D.Theyledtohistoricaleventsatthattime.30.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutTheLettersofEmilyDickinson?A.Thecontentofit. B.Theimpactofit.C.Thementonit. D.Thebackgroundofit.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Dickinsonwasproudofherprivateletters. B.Thenewcollectionisparticularlyprecious.C.LosingDickinson’sletterswasunexpected. D.ThecustomwastoblameforDickinson’sdeath.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新出版的《艾米莉・狄金森书信集》这本书的由来、内容及作者对其的看法。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Outsprangpoems,almost1,800ofthem.Beforethat,EmilyDickinsonhadmerelypublishedahandfulofpoemsduringherlifetime.(大量的诗涌现出来，将近1800首。在那之前，艾米莉・狄金森在她的一生中只发表过几首诗)”可知，狄金森生前发表的诗很少，死后却在她卧室发现了近1800首诗，可推理出这种发现是令人惊讶的。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“WhateverDickinsonhopedforherpoems,shecouldneverhaveanticipatedhowtheywouldresonatewithreadersorhowcuriousthosereaderswouldbeaboutherlife.(无论狄金森对她的诗有什么期望，她都无法预料到它们会如何引起读者的共鸣，以及读者对她的生活有多好奇)”可知，狄金森的诗能与读者产生共鸣，读者对她的生活也很好奇，由此可推断出她的诗在读者中很受欢迎。故选B项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thefirstletteriswrittenbyan11yeartongue...nsontoherbrotherAustin.It’saboutyellowhensandpoor“CousinZebinafellilltheotherdayandbithistongue...”.Thefinalletter,byaseriouslysick55yearoldDickinson,wastohercousinsLouisaandFrancesNorcross.(第一封信是由11岁的狄金森写给她的哥哥奥斯汀的。信中谈到了黄母鸡和可怜的“表亲齐比纳前几天病倒了，还咬到了自己的舌头……”。最后一封信则是一位病重严重的55岁狄金森写给她的表亲路易莎和弗朗西丝·诺克罗斯的)”以及“Inbetweenisalifefilledwithvisitors,houseworkandrecipesfordoughnutsandcoconutcakes.There’smentionofpublicfigureslikeFlorenceNightingaleandWaltWhitmanaswellastheimpactofCivilWar.(在这之间是她充满访客、家务以及油炸饼和椰子蛋糕食谱的一生。信中还提到了像弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔和沃尔特·惠特曼这样的公众人物，以及内战的影响)”可知，第四段主要介绍了书信集中第一封信、最后一封信的内容，以及书信中所涉及的生活琐事、公众人物和内战的影响等，也就是书信集的内容。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thereare1,304letters,and,still,they’renotenough.ScholarsestimatethatweonlyhaveaboutonetenthofthelettersDickinsoneverwrote.And,onthatmomentousdayin1886,Laviniaenteredhersister’sbedroomtofindandsuccessfullyburnallthelettersDickinsonherselfhadreceivedfromothersduringherlifetime.Suchwasthecustomoftheday,whichmakesthisnewvolumeofDickinson’slettersfeellikebreakingthesilenceofdeath—somethingIwanttobelieveDickinsonwouldhaveliked.(这里有1304封信件，然而，这仍然不够。学者们估计，我们所拥有的信件大约只是狄金森一生所写信件的十分之一。在1886年那个重大的日子里，拉维尼亚走进她刚去世姐姐的卧室，找到了狄金森生前从别人那里收到的所有信件，并成功将其烧毁。当时就是有这样的习俗，这使得这本新的狄金森书信集感觉像是打破了死亡带来的沉默——我愿意相信这是狄金森会喜欢的事情)”可知，狄金森写的信大部分已丢失，现在的书信集是很难得的，打破了死亡的沉默，所以作者想表达这个新的书信集特别珍贵。故选B项。DYouleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神经元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.Intheirstudy,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteforMetabolismResearchfoundthatmicekepteatingsugarevenwhentheyshouldhavefeltfull.Investigationsoftheirbrainsshowedthatagroupofnervecells,knownastheproopiomelanocortin(POMC)neurons,becameactive.Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβendorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.Asaresult,theykeepeatingsugardespitefeelingfull.Interestingly,thiseffectonlyhappenswithsugar,notwithothertypesoffoodlikenormalmealsorfattysnacks.Inafollowupexperimentwithhumans,researchersgavevolunteersasugardrinkandfoundthatthesamethinghappensinthebrainaswithmice.Thissuggeststhatthe“dessertstomach”isarealthingforbothmiceandhumans.Whydoesthishappen?AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeuswanttoeatsugarwheneverwefindit.Thismighthavebeenhelpfulinthepastbecauseoffoodshortage,buttodayitcanleadtoovereatingandhealthproblems.Thefindingscouldshedlightontreatingobesitybyprovidingathoroughunderstandingoftheurgeforsugar,andcouldevenleadtopotentialmedicalsolutions.Developingdrugstoblockthebrain’srewardsystemforsugarmighthelppeoplecontroltheircravings(渴望).Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydescribinganeatingbehaviour. B.Byintroducingascientificstudy.C.Bydefiningacertainterm. D.Byparingdifferenteatinghabits.33.WhatisthemainfunctionofPOMCneuronsinthemice’sbrains?A.Tellingthebodiesthemicehaveeatenenough. B.Managingthedesireforfattyandsaltyfoods.C.Creatingarewardsystemtoencouragedieting. D.Producingachemicallinkedtopositiveemotions.34.Whydoestheauthormentionthat“sugarisrareinnature”inparagraph4?A.Toblamemodernfoodproductionforhealthissues.B.Toexplaintheevolutionarybasisofsugarcravings.C.Toparenaturalsugarwithartificialsugar.D.Towarnpeopleabouteatingtoomuchsugar.35.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Sugarblockingdrugsshouldbesoldonstoresrightnow.B.Brainactivitiesalonecoulddeterminedessertcravings.C.Moreresearchisneededbeforetheapplicationofthestudy.D.Cravingsforsugaronlyoccurredinmoderntimes.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。主要以生活化的场景引入并介绍了人类和动物对甜食的“dessertstomach”现象的神经科学机制。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Youleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神经元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.(你从餐桌上向后靠，感觉自己再也吃不下一口了。但如果有人请你吃派，你就不能拒绝。科学家们现在已经确定了“甜点胃”现象背后的神经元)”可知，作者通过描述“饱餐后仍无法拒绝甜点”这一具体饮食行为引入主题。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβendorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.(这些神经元释放出一种叫做β内啡肽的化学物质，它就像一种自然的奖励，让老鼠感觉良好)”可知，POMC神经元的主要功能是释放与积极情绪相关的化学物质β内啡肽。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.(领导这项研究的科学家HenningFenselau表示，从进化的角度来看，这是有道理的。糖在自然界中很罕见，但能快速提供能量)”可知，作者提到“自然界中糖分稀少”是为了从进化角度解释人类对糖的渴望。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.(然而，现在说事情的全貌已经被描绘出来还为时过早。其他研究发现，消化系统发出的信号可能会影响你为什么总是有吃甜点的空间)”可知，研究尚未完全明确，需进一步探索。即在应用这项研究之前还需要更多的研究。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Celebrationsareessentialforyourwellbeing.Inafastpacedworld,pausingtocelebrategivesyourmindandbodyamuchneededbreak.It'samomenttoreconnectwithpeoplearoundyou,rechargeyourself,andreflectonhowfaryou'vee.___36___Here'showhittingpausetopartycanmakeyourlifehealthierandhappier.●Celebratingbuildsconnectionandmunity.___37___Theybringpeopletogether.Theycreatemomentsofsharedjoyandasenseofbelongingthatstrengthensbonds.Havingasolidnetworkofpeopleinyourcornerreducesstress,boostsmentalhealth,andevenimprovesphysicalwellbeing.●Celebratinghelpsyoufeelmotivated.Takingthetimetocelebrateincreasesyourmotivationtogetthingsdone.Accordingtoresearch,acknowledgingyourwins,evensmallones,causesthebraintoreleasedopamine(多巴胺),whichcreatesacycleinyourbrainthatencouragesyoutorepeatthatsamebehavior.___38___You'llgetthatpleasantdopaminehitthat'llkeepyoumovingforward.●Celebratingfuelsconfidenceandresilience.Celebratingyourwinsboostsconfidenceandselfesteem.Everymilestoneshowsthechallengesyou'veconquered.Reflectingonthesemomentsremindsyouofyourstrengthanddetermination.Eachwin,bigorsmall,isasteppingstonetogoal.Goaheadandcelebrate.___39___●___40___Celebrationssparkanenergyofjoyandoptimism.Whenyougatherpeopletolaugh,dance,andsharelove,youcreatesomethingbiggerthantheeventitself.It'saremindertoletgoofworr