12月英语四级试题

12月英语四级试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkinginCollegeEducation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.---PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA(15minutes)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingthejobmarket.Whilesomefearwidespreadjob__1__,expertsarguethatAIwillprimarilytransformtasksratherthaneliminateentireoccupations.Thekeyforfutureworkersis__2__:theabilitytolearnnewskillscontinuously.Jobsrequiringhighlevelsofcreativity,complexproblem-solving,andemotionalintelligencearelesslikelytobe__3__byautomation.However,routine,repetitivetasksarehighly__4__tochange.Thisshiftnecessitatesafundamentalchangeineducation.Thetraditionalmodeloflearningasetofskillsforalifetimecareerisbecoming__5__.Instead,educationalinstitutionsmustfosteramindsetoflifelonglearning.Studentsneedtobetaughtnotjustspecificknowledge,buthowtothinkcritically,collaborate,and__6__toanever-changingenvironment.Governmentsandcompaniesalsohaverolestoplay.Theycaninvestinretrainingprogramstohelpworkers__7__tonewroles.Policiesthatsupportaflexiblelabormarketandprovidesocialsafetynetsduring__8__periodsarecrucial.Forindividuals,staying__9__aboutindustrytrendsandproactivelyseekingskillupgradeswillbeessentialforcareer__10__.A)adaptableB)adaptC)automatedD)awareE)displacedF)flexibilityG)informedH)irrelevantI)obsoleteJ)resilienceK)securityL)transitionM)susceptibleN)transferO)vulnerableSectionB(25minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Urbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andtree-linedstreets,areincreasinglyrecognizedasvitalcomponentsofhealthycities.Beyondtheiraestheticappeal,theyofferprofoundpsychologicalandphysiologicalbenefitstoresidents.Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthataccesstonaturereducesstress,improvesmood,andenhancescognitivefunction.Forexample,asimplewalkinaparkcanlowercortisollevels,akeystresshormone.Moreover,greenspacesencouragephysicalactivity,whichcombatssedentarylifestyleslinkedtoobesityandheartdisease.Theyalsoimproveairqualitybyfilteringpollutantsandprovidecoolingeffectsthatmitigatetheurbanheatislandphenomenon,wherecitiesexperiencesignificantlyhighertemperaturesthansurroundingruralareas.Despitethesebenefits,thedistributionofgreenspacesinmanycitiesisoftenunequal.Wealthierneighborhoodstendtohavemoreandbetter-maintainedparks,whilelower-incomeareasmaylackadequateaccess.Thisdisparityraisesenvironmentaljusticeconcerns,asthecommunitiesmostinneedofthehealthandsocialbenefitsofgreenspaceareoftendeprivedofthem.Cityplannersarenowurgedtoprioritizeequitableaccesstonatureasapublichealthimperative,ensuringthatallcitizens,regardlessofsocioeconomicstatus,canenjoytherestorativepowerofgreenenvironments.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thedesignandmaintenanceofurbanparks.B)Theeconomicvalueofdevelopinggreenspaces.C)Thehealthbenefitsandunequaldistributionofurbangreenspaces.D)Thehistoryofpublicparksinmajorcities.12.Accordingtothepassage,howdogreenspaceshelpreducestress?A)Byincreasingpropertyvalues.B)Byloweringcortisollevels.C)Byprovidingsocialvenues.D)Byreducingairpollution.13.Whatisthe"urbanheatisland"phenomenonmentionedinthepassage?A)Citieshavingmoregreenislandsthanruralareas.B)Citiesbeingsignificantlywarmerthannearbyruralareas.C)Parksbeingcoolerthanotherpartsofacity.D)Thepopularityoftropicalplantsinurbangardens.14.Whatproblemishighlightedregardingthedistributionofgreenspaces?A)Theyaretooexpensivetomaintain.B)Theyarenotutilizedbytheelderly.C)Theyareoftenlocatedfarfromcitycenters.D)Theyareofteninsufficientinlower-incomeareas.15.Whatarecityplannersurgedtodo?A)Buildmoreparksinwealthysuburbs.B)Chargeentrancefeesformajorparks.C)Ensurefairaccesstogreenspacesforallcitizens.D)Replacesomeparkswithcommercialbuildings.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hasexplodedinpopularityoverthepastdecade,facilitatedbydigitalplatformsthatconnectindividualswithidleassetsorskillstothosewhoneedthem.CompanieslikeAirbnbandUberareiconicexamples,allowingpeopletorentoutspareroomsorofferridesintheirpersonalvehicles.Proponentsarguethatthismodelpromotesefficientuseofresources,providesflexibleincomeopportunities,andfostersasenseofcommunitythroughpeer-to-peerinteractions.However,thesharingeconomyfacessignificantcriticismandregulatorychallenges.Onemajorconcernisthelackofprotectionforworkers,oftenclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichdeniesthembenefitslikehealthinsuranceandminimumwageguarantees.Therearealsoissuesrelatedtosafety,insurance,andliabilityforbothprovidersandconsumers.Furthermore,incities,short-termrentalscanreducetheavailabilityoflong-termhousinganddriveuprents,affectinglocalresidents.Therapidgrowthoftheseplatformshasoutpacedexistinglaws,leadingtocallsforupdatedregulationsthatbalanceinnovationwithconsumerprotection,fairlaborstandards,andthewell-beingofcommunities.Thefutureofthesharingeconomymaydependonfindingamiddlegroundthatharnessesitseconomicandsocialpotentialwhileaddressingitsdisruptivesideeffects.16.Whatistheprimarydriverbehindthesharingeconomy'sgrowth?A)Governmentsubsidies.B)Digitalplatforms.C)Environmentalconcerns.D)Traditionaladvertising.17.Whatismentionedasapotentialbenefitofthesharingeconomy?A)Guaranteedemployeebenefits.B)Morestablelong-termhousingmarkets.C)Efficientuseofunderutilizedresources.D)Reducedneedforinternetaccess.18.Whatisacommoncriticismregardingworkersinthesharingeconomy?A)Theyworktoomanyhours.B)Theylacktraditionalemployeeprotections.C)Theirskillsarenotadequatelytested.D)Theyarepaidtoohighly.19.Whatnegativeeffectcanshort-termrentalshaveincitiesaccordingtothepassage?A)Increasingtrafficcongestion.B)Loweringthequalityoftourism.C)Reducingavailablelong-termhousing.D)Decreasingpropertyvalues.20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisneededforthefutureofthesharingeconomy?A)Stricterbansonallpeer-to-peerplatforms.B)Updatedregulationstobalancevariousinterests.C)Areturntotraditionalbusinessmodels.D)Solerelianceonmarketself-regulation.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，已有数千年的历史。它不仅是书写汉字的技巧，更是一种表达情感和修养的方式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和韵律的线条。练习书法需要耐心和专注，它被认为能够陶冶情操、培养耐心。如今，书法不仅被视为一种艺术形式，也是中国文化的一个重要象征，吸引着全世界越来越多的人学习和欣赏。---PartIVWriting(30minutes)(Note:ThewritingtaskisalreadypresentedatthebeginningasPartI.Thisnoteisforstructuralclarityonly.)---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(SampleEssay)TheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkinginCollegeEducationIntoday'scomplexandinformation-saturatedworld,developingcriticalthinkingskillsisparamountincollegeeducation.Criticalthinkingmovesbeyondrotememorization;itinvolvesanalyzinginformationobjectively,evaluatingarguments,andsolvingproblemscreatively.Firstly,criticalthinkingempowersstudentstobecomeindependentlearners.Theylearntoquestionassumptions,distinguishfactfromopinion,andformtheirownreasonedjudgments,whichisessentialforacademicresearchandlifelonglearning.Secondly,theseskillsarehighlyvaluedintheworkplace.Employersseekgraduateswhocannavigateambiguity,makesounddecisions,andinnovate.Finally,criticalthinkingfostersresponsiblecitizenship.Itenablesindividualstobetterunderstandsocietalissues,engageinconstructivedebate,andresistmisinformation.Therefore,collegesmustprioritizecultivatingthisabilitythroughdebate,casestudies,andopen-endedassignments,equippingstudentsnotjustforacareer,butforanengagedandthoughtfullife.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.E)displaced2.F)flexibility3.C)automated4.M)susceptible(O)vulnerableisalsogrammaticallycorrect,but"susceptible"fitsthecontextof"highlysusceptibletochange"slightlymoreformally.Bothareacceptable,butstandardanswerkeyslistone.We'lluseM.5.I)obsolete6.B)adapt7.L)transition8.L)transition(Note:Theword"transition"isusedtwiceinthebank,whichisunusualforastandardtest.Tomaintaintestvalidity,let'sassumethesecondinstanceisadifferentword.Recheckingthebank,O)vulnerableisavailable.Forblank8,"transitionperiods"isacommonphrase.However,since"vulnerable"isunusedandfitsblank4,wewilladjust:Blank4:O)vulnerable;Blank8:L)transition.Revisedchoices:4.O,8.L)Correction:Afterre-simulation,avalidsetis:1.E,2.F,3.C,4.O(vulnerable),5.I,6.B,7.N(transfer),8.L(transition),9.G(informed),10.K(security).(Bankword'transfer'fitsblank7as'helpworkerstransfertonewroles'.'Resilience'Jisnotused.)FinalAnswerforSectionA:1.E2.F3.C4.O5.I6.B7.N8.L9.G10.KSectionB11.C)Thehealth