山东省聊城市高三下学期二模英语试题含听力

2025年聊城市高考模拟试题英语(二)本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Giveheraride. B.Callroadsideassistance. C.Changeaflattire.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tknowhowtochangeaflattire,either.Whynotjustcalltheroadsideassistanceandleaveyourcarforthem?Icandriveyoutoanyplaceyouwant.W:Oh,that’dbegreat.Thanks.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Readingastory. B.Doingthewashing. C.Cookingameal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Dad!Dad!ehereandreadmethestory!M:NotuntilIfinishwashingtheclothes,Lucy.W:Andwhencanwehavesupper?Iwanttoeat,likenow!M:Geez!HowIwishyourmomwerenotonabusinesstrip!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.$5. B.$7. C.$8.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wow,thebananapielooksinviting.Howmuchisit?M:5dollars,Miss,butifyoutaketwo,wecangiveyoua20%discount.W:Sure.Let’smakeittwothen.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tochangethemeetingtime.B.Tomakeanappointment.C.Toconfirmanappointment.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisPennyBlack.MayIspeaktoDr.Gates?M:He’shavingameetingnow.Wouldyoumindleavingamessage?W:Well,I’mcallingtoseeifmyappointmentwithDr.Gatesisat4tomorrowafternoon.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whentohavesupper.B.Howtoloseweight.C.Whatfilmstosee.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Youalwayslooksoslim.What’syourtrick?YouknoweverytimeItrytokeepadiet,Iendupinfailure.W:Well,Iliketowatchhorrorfilmswhilehavingsupper.ThenIjustlosemyappetite.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthemanhurthisfoot?A.Someonesteppedonit.B.Arockdroppedonit.C.Afootballhitit.7.Whereisthemanprobablynow?A.Bytheroadside. B.Inthewoman’scar. C.Inthehospital.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:So,Sheldon,areyougoingtotellmewhyyousatbytheroadsidejustnow?M:Well,IsattherebecausemyfoothurtsomuchthatIcouldn’twalk.W:Howexactlydidyouhurtit?M:Iwasplayingfootballandanotherplayersteppedonmybigtoe.Honestly,it’sjustlikearockdroppedonmyfoot.Andit’sallredandswollennow.W:Thatsoundsterrible.Allright,holdontight.I’mgoingtospeedup.M:Okay.Thankyouforgivingmearidetothehospital,Amy.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatisAnna’schemistrygradethistime?A.B B.Bplus. C.D.9.WhatdothestudygroupmembersdoaccordingtoAnna?A.Checkhomework. B.Dochemistryexercises. C.Discusshardproblems.10.HowdoesAnnasound?A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Confused.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Greatjobonyourchemistrytest,Anna!ThisisyoursecondBinarow!W:“Bplus”actually.Sothereisasmallimprovement,Dad.M:Sowhathaveyoubeendoing?Youusedtobea“D”studentbefore.W:I’vejoinedastudygroup.Ifinditmorehelpfultodiscussdifficultstuffwithgroupmembersthantowriteexercisesalone.M:Greatidea.Howdidyoufindthestudygroup?W:Isawanoticeonthemessageboardatlunchoneday.Idecidedtocheckitout,andnowwemeetonceaweekafterourlastclassoftheday.M:Goodforyou.Soyou’renotworriedaboutyourchemistrytestsanymore?W:Notatall.Iammorepreparedthanever.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.AninterviewinEnglish. B.AnoralEnglishcontest. C.AnEnglishspeech.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.UseasmanyEnglishwordsaspossible.B.Rememberheranswersinadvance.C.Benaturalwhenshespeaks.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’ssuggestions?A.Confusing. B.Valuable. C.Creative.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mthinkingofapplyingforajobwithamultinationalpany,butI’mworriedabouthavinganinterviewinEnglish.Canyougivemeanygoodtips,Sam?M:Iguessthefirstthingistotrytomakeagoodimpression.W:Allthepeoplesaythat!ButIjustdon’tknowwhattodo!M:Youshouldlearnsomethingaboutthepanybeforetheinterview.Findoutwhattheirbusinessconceptis,predictpossiblequestions,andthinkabouthowyouwillanswer.W:ShouldImemorizemyanswerbeforehand?M:No!Youshouldbenaturalwhenyouspeak.W:ButwhatshouldIdoifIcan’trememberanEnglishwordwhenansweringaquestion?M:Inthatcase,youcanuseotherwordstoexplainwhatyouwanttosay.W:That’sveryhelpful,Sam.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatmadethewomandeterminetobealawyer?A.Thefameshewouldget.B.Thewilltohelpothers.C.Thesupportfromherhusband.15.Whoistheman?A.Abiographer. B.Aradiohost. C.ATVhost.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthosewhowanttobealawyershouldknowfirst?A.Theworkpressure. B.Theskillsoftalking. C.Howtochoosecases.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:SoMs.Lawrence,apparentlyyourjobhasbroughtyougreatfameandlotsofmoney,hasn’tit?W:Yeah,butthethingthatmademedecidetobealawyerwasthatIwantedtohelpthosewhowereintrouble.M:Noblemotive.Yourhusbandmusthavegivenyoulotsofsupportsincehe’salsoasuccessfullawyer.W:Actually,no.HealwaysplainsthatIhaven’tspentenoughtimewithourkids,andheevenwantsmetoquitmyjobandbeahousewife.M:Toughtobalanceworkandfamily,isn’tit?Anyway,doyouhaveanyadviceforouryoungaudienceinfrontoftheirtelevisionswhoalsowanttobeealawyersomeday?Likehowtheyshouldtalkinacourtorhowtochoosetheircases?W:Well,thoseskillscanwait,butIhavetoremindthosewhowanttobealawyerthatyou’regoingtobevery,verybusyinyourfirstfewyears.It’llbeamonthingforyoutoworkovertimetillmidnight.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whydoesthemangivethepresentation?A.Toshowhisgratitudetohisteacher.B.Tofulfillhislearningtask.C.Toprovehisrichknowledge.18.WhendidcoffeestartbeingusedasadrinkintheMiddleEast?A.Intheearly1500s. B.Inthemid1500s. C.Inthelate1500s.19.WhydidtherulerofConstantinopledestroythecoffeehouses?A.Hebelievedcoffeewasunhealthy.B.Hethoughthisprofitswerestolen.C.Hewantedtocontrolpeople’sminds.20.Whatisthespeakerprobablygoingtotalkabou?A.WhycoffeeisweleinEurope.B.WhencoffeebegantospreadinEurope.C.HowcoffeebecameaffordableinEurope.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:Inmypresentationtoday,Iwanttosharewithyouthehistoryofcoffee.Beforethat,I’dliketogivemythankstoProfessorLee—inordertodohisassignment,Italkedwithmanypeoplewhoareinthecoffeebusinessandthereforegotalotoffreecoffee.Alright,enoughjoking.ThereisevidencethatcoffeewasoriginallygatheredfrombushesgrowingwildinthenortheastofAfrica.Inthebeginningofeenthcentury,itwasbeingboughtbytradersandpeopleintheMiddleEaststartedtouseitasadrink.Also,thephysiciansintheTurkishcityofConstantinoplebelievedcoffeewashealthyandapproveditsuseasamedicine.Atthetime,insteadofdrinkingcoffeeathome,peoplewenttocoffeehousestodrinkit.Thesepeople,usuallymen,wouldmeettodrinkcoffeeandchataboutissuesoftheday.In1623,thethenrulerofConstantinoplethoughtitwasdangerousforpeopletoshareideasandopinions,sohedemandedthedestructionofallthecoffeehousesinthecity.Afterhisdeath,however,manynewonesopened,andcoffeeconsumptioncontinued.Intheseventeenthcentury,coffeedrinkingspreadtoEurope.Atfirst,itwasforrichpeopleonly,forcoffeepriceswereratherhigh.Sohowdidcoffee,athenluxuryitem,beesomethingthatmonpeoplecoulddrinkdaily?Well...第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A18thANNUALDRIVINGTHEMESSAGECONTESTThisyear’scontestcontinuesthenewthemeofvariouscategories,givingyoumoreopportunitiestoshowyourcreativetalents.Eachcategoryhasaspecificriskfocus,sopickone(ortwoorthree)andshowuswhatyou’vegot!DETAILSCategory1:SeatBeltSafetyPostersFocusonissueslike:◆Everyoneputsontheirseatbeltontrips.◆Howtowearseatbeltscorrectly.Category2:SpeedingPreventionPostersFocusonissueslike:◆Waystoavoidspeeding.◆Howspeedingcanleadtocrashes.Category3:SharetheRoadVideospletea60120secondvideostressinghowtobearesponsibledriverandsharetheroadwithotherroadusers.RULES·Entriesmustbetimestampednolaterthan11:59PMMay14,2025.·Entryisopentohighschoolstudents,andtheprizemoneyispayabletotheschool.·Posterscanbeanysize,upto11by17inches,andvideoscanbe60120secondslong.·Judgingisbasedoncreativityandsignificance,andentriesincludinganycopyrightedmaterialwillbedisqualified.·Postersmustbehandedinelectronically,inPDForJPGformat;forvideos,AVI,MP4,andsimilarformatsareallaccepted.HOWTOSUBMITStep1EntryForm:pletetheENTRYFORM.Step2ReleaseForm:EachstudentmustsubmitaDrivingtheMessagereleaseform,whichwillallowustoobtaintherighttouseyourmediacontent.Ifyouareunder18yearsofage,pleasesendthispageURLtoyourparentorguardiantohttps://.tdriver/releaseform/.https://.tdriver/releaseform/.Step3SubmitYourEntry:Nameyourfileinthisformat—TitleOfEntry_LastName_FirstInitial—anduploadyourentrytotheDTMEntriesFolder.21.Whatisthecontestprobablymittedtodoing?A.Promotingroadsafety. B.Findingskillfuldrivers.C.Identifyingillegaldriving. D.Sharingtravelexperiences.22.Whichofthefollowingwillberecognizedasaqualifiedentry?A.ApostinGIFformat. B.Ahanddrawnposter.C.Aposterbeyond17inches. D.Aoneminuteoriginalvideo.23.Whatisamustforasuccessfulsubmission?A.Thedescriptionofyourwork. B.Permissiontouseyourcontent.C.Yourparents’agreementonentry. D.Informationaboutyourschool.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了第十八届年度驾驶讯息比赛的一些情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“◆Everyoneputsontheirseatbeltontrips.◆Howtowearseatbeltscorrectly.(每个人在旅行时都系上安全带。如何正确系安全带)”；“◆Waystoavoidspeeding.◆Howspeedingcanleadtocrashes.(避免超速的方法。超速如何导致车祸)”以及“pletea60120secondvideostressinghowtobearesponsibledriverandsharetheroadwithotherroadusers.(完成一段60120秒的视频，强调如何成为一名负责任的司机，并与其他道路使用者分享道路)”可知，比赛可能致力于促进道路安全。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据RULES部分“·Posterscanbeanysize,upto11by17inches,andvideoscanbe60120secondslong.(·海报可以是任何尺寸，最大11×17英寸，视频长度可以是60120秒)”以及“·Judgingisbasedoncreativityandsignificance,andentriesincludinganycopyrightedmaterialwillbedisqualified.(·评判以创意和重要性为基础，包括版权材料在内的参赛作品将被取消资格)”可知，一分钟的原创视频将被认为是合格的参赛作品。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据HOWTOSUBMIT部分“EachstudentmustsubmitaDrivingtheMessagereleaseform,whichwillallowustoobtaintherighttouseyourmediacontent.(每个学生必须提交一份驱动信息发布表格，这将使我们能够获得使用您的媒体内容的权利)”可知，成功提交的必备条件是允许使用你的内容。故选B。BOnewetNovembereveninginthelate1960s,amarriedcouplenamedMauriceandMaralynBailey—heahotmetaltypesetter,sheataxofficer—hitontheideaofescapingtheirdull,suburbanlivesbysailingtoNewZealand.WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(abinationoftheirnames).TheyfinallysetsailacrosstheAtlanticinJune1972—havingdecidedagainstbuyingaradiotransmitter(信号发射机),asMauricewantedtosail“byhiswitsandthestars”.Allwentwellforthefirstninemonths,butthenonemorning,300mileseastoftheGalápagos,a40footwhaleroseupundertheirboat,andcrackedaholeinitshull.AsSophieElmhirstrelatesinher“superb”debut,MauriceandMaralyn,thecouplegrabbedafewessentialsandclimbedontoaninflatableraft(充气筏)fromwhichtheywatchedAuralynbeing“silentlyswallowed”.Onthisinadequatevessel—toosmallforeitherofthemtoliedownin—theywouldspend117days.AttheheartofMauriceandMaralynisan“astonishing”taleofendurance.Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.Dysentery(痢疾),dehydrationandnearstarvationfollowed.WhileMaurice,a“glasshalfemptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.ThecouplewereeventuallypickedupbyaSouthKoreanshippassingby.Alongwithits“manversustheelementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.Shetracesthecouple’smarriage—bothhowitledthemintotheirPacificadventure,andhowitwaschangedbywhattheywentthrough.It’saremarkablestorythathadbeenallbutforgotten.24.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“proceeds”inparagraph1?A.Purchases. B.Expenses.C.Gains. D.Contracts.25.Whatdoweknowaboutthecouple’ssail?A.Theyusedaradiotransmitterforthefirstninemonths.B.Theyabandonedtheraftdamagedbyawhale.C.Starvationfollowedwhentheboatsank.D.Survivalskillscontributedtotheirsurvival.26.WhatwasMauricelikeaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Pessimistic. B.Ambitious.C.Modest. D.Unconfident.27.Whatkindofwritingis?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Ajournal. D.Abiography.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要评论了有关莫里斯和玛丽莲・贝利夫妇航海遇险及靠生存技能求生和其婚姻的故事的一本书。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(abinationoftheirnames).(用他们卖掉在德比郡的小平房的proceeds，买了一艘31英尺长的百慕大帆船，并将其命名为“奥拉琳”（取自他们两人名字的组合）。)”可知，此处proceeds指的是卖房的收入，即“收益”，与Gains“收益”意思相符。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.(一旦这对夫妇的食物耗尽，他们就在筏子上靠吃用安全别针和绳子做成的鱼竿捕获的生海龟和小鲨鱼存活下来。)”可知，他们运用自己制作鱼竿捕鱼等生存技能得以存活下来，说明生存技能有助于他们的生存。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“WhileMaurice,a“glasshalfemptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.(而莫里斯，一个“看事情总往坏处想的人”，默默地听天由命，准备迎接死亡，而玛丽莲却始终保持乐观，这也激发了莫里斯活下去的意志。)”可知，莫里斯是个悲观的人。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Alongwithits“manversustheelementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.(弗朗西丝卡・安杰利尼在《星期日泰晤士报》上称，除了其“人类与自然环境抗争的生存元素”之外，埃尔姆赫斯特的这本书“也是一个爱情故事”。)”可知，本文是对埃尔姆赫斯特所写关于莫里斯和玛丽莲・贝利夫妇海上遇险求生经历书籍的评论。故选B。CIfyouenjoygoofingaroundandannoyingyourlovedones,you’renotalone:Fourkindsofgreatapeshavebeenfoundtoengageinplayfulteasing.Greatapesareafamilyofprimates(灵长目动物)thatareverycloselyrelatedtohumans,sothisdiscoverycouldshedlightonhowasenseofhumorandplayfulnessemergedinpeople.Thenewstudyfocusedonchimpanzees,bonobos,westernandeasterngorillas,andSumatranorangutans.Theseapeswere“excellentcandidates”forthisstudybecausethey“engageinsocialplay,showlaughter,anddisplayrelativelysophisticatedunderstandingsofothers’expectations,”saidIsabelleLaumer,thestudy’sleadauthor.Theresearcherswatchedvideosof34apeslivinginzoos.Theylookedforexamplesofteasingbehavior,definedasanape(the“teaser”)tryingtoprovokearesponseinanotherspecificindividual(the“target”).In75hoursofvideo,theyfound142examplesofplayfulteasing.Allfourkindsofapesengagedinthebehavior.Examplesincludedpokinganotherape,pullingontheirhair,orwavinginthemiddleoftheirfieldofvision.Iftherewasnoresponsetotheaction,theteaserwouldkeeptryingtoprovokethetargetintoresponding.Theanimalstypicallyengagedinthebehaviorswhentheywerecalmandrelaxed,indicatingthattheiractionswerenotmeanttobeaggressive.Inmostcases,ajuvenileapewasteasinganolderadult,whichissimilartothewayhumanchildrenteaseothers.Discoveringteasingingreatapessuggeststhatthebasicfoundationsinthebrainforthisbehaviorfirstappearedinanancestormontohumansandthesegreatapesatleast13millionyearsago.Laumerhopesthisstudywillinspirefurtherresearchintoplayfulteasinginanimals,whichcouldleadtoabetterunderstandingofwherethisbehavioresfrom.“Wealsohopethatthisstudyraisesawarenessofthesimilaritieswesharewithourclosestrelativesandtheimportanceofprotectingtheseendangeredanimals,”shesaid.28.Whywerethefourkindsofapeschosenasexcellentcandidates?A.Theyarebetterthanotherapes. B.Theyareveryintelligent.C.Theyhaveasenseofplayfulness. D.Theyarecloselyrelatedtohumans.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheapesinthestudy?A.Youngapesalwaysteasedtheelders.B.Theirteasingmeantnoharmtoothers.C.Theteaserstoppedteasingifthetargetdidn’trespond.D.Theirbehaviorofteninvolvedunexpectedactions.30.HowdidLaumerprobablyfindthestudy?A.Helpful. B.Regretful. C.Fruitless. D.Groundbreaking.31.What’sasuitabletitlefor?A.ApesShareSimilarSocialBehaviorwithHumanChildren.B.ExploringApes’SenseofHumorHelpstheStudyofBrain.C.UnderstandingApes’TeasingAidsinTheirConservation.D.Apes’TeasingOffersInsightsintotheRootsofHumanPlayfulness.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于猿类喜欢捉弄开玩笑的研究，其目的是为了揭示人类是如何产生幽默感和爱玩性的。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseapeswere“excellentcandidates”forthisstudybecausethey“engageinsocialplay,showlaughter,anddisplayrelativelysophisticatedunderstandingsofothers’expectations,”saidIsabelleLaumer,thestudy’sleadauthor.(这项研究的主要作者伊莎贝尔·劳默说，这些猿类是这项研究的“优秀候选者”，因为它们“参与社交游戏，会笑，对他人的期望表现出相对复杂的理解”)”可知，这四种猿类被选为优秀的候选者是因为他们有玩闹的感觉。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theanimalstypicallyengagedinthebehaviorswhentheywerecalmandrelaxed,indicatingthattheiractionswerenotmeanttobeaggressive.(这些动物通常在平静和放松的时候做出这些行为，这表明它们的行为并不是攻击性的)”可知，猿类的戏弄对别人没有伤害。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Wealsohopethatthisstudyraisesawarenessofthesimilaritieswesharewithourclosestrelativesandtheimportanceofprotectingtheseendangeredanimals,”shesaid.(她说：“我们也希望这项研究能提高人们对人类与近亲之间的相似性的认识，以及保护这些濒危动物的重要性。”)”可知，劳默认为这项研究是有帮助的。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ifyouenjoygoofingaroundandannoyingyourlovedones,you’renotalone:Fourkindsofgreatapeshavebeenfoundtoengageinplayfulteasing.Greatapesareafamilyofprimates(灵长目动物)thatareverycloselyrelatedtohumans,sothisdiscoverycouldshedlightonhowasenseofhumorandplayfulnessemergedinpeople.(如果你喜欢胡闹和惹恼你爱的人，你不是一个人：有四种类人猿被发现喜欢开玩笑。类人猿是灵长类动物的一个家族，与人类的关系非常密切，因此这一发现可能会揭示人类是如何产生幽默感和爱玩性的)”结合文章主要介绍了一个关于猿类喜欢捉弄开玩笑的研究，其目的是为了揭示人类是如何产生幽默感和爱玩性的。可知，D选项“猿的戏弄提供了对人类爱玩的根源的洞察”最符合文章标题。故选D。DAnewstudypublishedinScienceprovidesinsightsintohowplantsevolvedprickles(刺)somanytimes:Overandoveragain,eachspeciestookadvantageofasinglegene.ZacharyLippman,thestudy’smainauthor,gotcuriousaboutpricklesashestudiedagroupofcropsthatincludespotatoes,tomatoesandeggplants.Whilethecropsareallpricklefree,someoftheirwildrelativesarecoveredinthelittleprickles.“Earlyfarmersmusthaveeradicatedthepricklesfromthewildplantsastheystartedusingthemascrops,”Lippmansaid.ThelossofpricklesledLippmantowonderhowtheyhadevolvedinthefirstplace.It’slikelythatpricklesemergedinmanyplantsasadefenseagainstanimalsthatwouldconsumethem,butpricklescanserveotherpurposes,too.Forexample,somewildplantsusethemtoattachtheirseedsontopassinganimals.Tounderstandmoreaboutplantsandprickles,Lippmanandhisteamhybridized(杂交)onevarietyofdomesticatedeggplantwithitswild,pricklyrelative.Someofthehybridshadlotsofprickles,whileothershadnone.AfterrunningthesameexperimentontwootherkindsofeggplantsandparingtheirDNA,theteamfoundaspecifictypeofLOGgene,carriedonlybypricklyplants,wasresponsibleforpricklesinthewildplants.ItmightseemunbelievablethatgettingridofaLOGgenecouldtakeawayprickleswithoutharmingtheeggplantasawhole.ItturnsoutthatplantshaveevolvedmanycopiesofLOGgenesovermillionsofyears.OnecopyoftheLOGgeneevolvedinthewildancestorsofeggplantstomakeprickles,whiletheothertypeswentonwiththeiroriginaljobofhelpingtheplantsgrow.Thenewfindingscouldhelpscientiststransformwildplantsintodomesticatedcrops,Lippmansaid,HetestedthispossibilityonawildAustralianplant,whichisnormallyprickly,andafterhedeletedtheLOGgenefromitsDNA,itbecamefreeofprickles.32.WhatmadeLippmanstudypricklyplants?A.Allcropsarepricklefree.B.Hewascuriousaboutevolution.CWildrelativesofsomecropshaveprickles.D.Somewildpricklyplantsareusedascrops.33.WhatcanbeinferredfromthefindingsofLippman’steam?A.Pricklesarerelatedtoacertaingene.B.OnlypricklyplantscarryLOGgenes.C.Domesticationaffectsplants’growth,D.Plants’hybridizationincreasestheirsize.34.WhydoesremovingaLOGgenedonoharmtoeggplants?A.Theyhaveprotectivegenes.B.Theyhavegoodadaptation.C.LOGgenecopiesplayunimportantroles.D.LOGgenecopiesservevariedpurposes.35.Whatisthesignificanceofthenewdiscovery?A.Assistinginplants’survival.B.Helpingincreasecroptypes.C.Improvingcrops’production.D.Reducingharmfulinsectstocrops.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于植物刺进化原因的一项新研究及其发现和意义。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ZacharyLippman,thestudy’smainauthor,gotcuriousaboutpricklesashestudiedagroupofcropsthatincludespotatoes,tomatoesandeggplants.Whilethecropsareallpricklefree,someoftheirwildrelativesarecoveredinthelittleprickles.(该研究的主要作者扎卡里·利普曼在研究包括土豆、西红柿和茄子在内的一组作物时，对刺产生了兴趣。虽然这些作物都没有刺，但它们的一些野生近亲植物却布满了小刺。)”可知，利普曼对一些作物的野生近亲植物有刺感到好奇，从而开始研究带刺植物。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AfterrunningthesameexperimentontwootherkindsofeggplantsandparingtheirDNA,theteamfoundaspecifictypeofLOGgene,carriedonlybypricklyplants,wasresponsibleforpricklesinthewildplants.(在对另外两种茄子进行同样的实验并比较它们的DNA后，研究小组发现了一种特殊的LOG基因，这种基因只存在于带刺植物中，是野生植物长刺的原因。)”可知，利普曼团队的研究发现刺与某种基因有关。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ItturnsoutthatplantshaveevolvedmanycopiesofLOGgenesovermillionsofyears.OnecopyoftheLOGgeneevolvedinthewildancestorsofeggplantstomakeprickles,whiletheothertypeswentonwiththeiroriginaljobofhelpingtheplantsgrow.(事实证明，植物在数百万年的进化过程中产生了许多LOG基因的拷贝。茄子野生祖先体内的一个LOG基因拷贝进化出了刺，而其他类型的LOG基因拷贝则继续发挥着帮助植物生长的原始作用。)”可知，移除一个LOG基因对茄子没有伤害是因为LOG基因拷贝具有不同的功能。故选D。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thenewfindingscouldhelpscientiststransformwildplantsintodomesticatedcrops,Lippmansaid,HetestedthispossibilityonawildAustralianplant,whichisnormallyprickly,andafterhedeletedtheLOGgenefromitsDNA,itbecamefreeofprickles.(利普曼说，这些新发现可能有助于科学家将野生植物转化为栽培作物。他在一种通常有刺的澳大利亚野生植物上测试了这种可能性，当他从它的DNA中删除LOG基因后，它就不再有刺了。)”可知，新发现的意义在于有助于增加作物种类。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intheageofconstantconnectivitythroughmusic,podcastsandcalls,earphoneshaveseemedtobeeanecessity.___36___Thisarticlewillhelpyoureducetheriskofearrelatedissuesandensureafortablelisteningexperience.Choosetherighttypeofearphones.Inearheadphonesareapopularchoiceastheyfitperfectlyintotheearcanal(耳道),blockingoutoutsidenoiseandreducingtheneedtoincreasevolumelevels.___37___Besides,onearoroverearheadphonescanbemorefortableforsomeindividualswhohavesensitiveearcanals.___38___Topreventearpainandpotentialhearingdamage,expertsremendstickingtothe60/60rule,whichsuggestslisteningat60%volumefornomorethan60minutesatatime.It’ssuggestedthatyoushouldusebuiltinfeaturesonyourdevicetotrackyourlisteningtime,whichcanbehelpfulinstickingtoasafelimit.Adjusttheearphonesproperly.Whenfittingtheearphones,adjusttheearphonepositionuntilyoufindafortableandsecurefitthatprovidesgoodsoundqualitywithoutcausingpain.Remembertoperiodicallycheckandreadjusttheearphonesasneeded,especiallyduringphysicalactivitiesorlonglisteningperiods.___39___Keepyourearsclean.Regularlycleaningyourearsisessentialwhenitestopainfreelisteningwithearphones.Thebuildupofearwax(耳垢)cannotonlyaffectthesoundqualitybutalsoleadtodisfortandpotentialdamagetotheearcanalifleftunattended.Topreventthis,makesuretogentlycleanyourearswithcottonsticksregularly.___40___Thatwillpushwaxdeeperandpotentiallycausedamage.A.Limitlisteningtime.B.Takeregularlisteningbreaks.C.Cleanyourearphoneswithasoftclothregularly.D.Avoidputtingthestickstoodeepintotheearcanal.E.Findingtherightfitensuresapainfreeexperience.F.Thisdesignpreventstheearphonesdroppingoutaswell.G.Enjoyableastheyare,improperuseofearphonescancausedisfort.【答案】36.G37.F38.A39.E40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用耳机时避免耳部问题的一些方法。【36题详解】上文“Intheageofconstantconnectivitythroughmusic,podcastsandcalls,earphoneshaveseemedtobeeanecessity.(在通过音乐、播客和通话保持持续连接的时代，耳机似乎已成为一种必需品)”说明耳机在当下很必要。空处和前文为转折关系。下文“Thisarticlewillhelpyoureducetheriskofearrelatedissuesandensureafortablelisteningexperience.(本文将帮助你降低耳部相关问题的风险，并确保舒适的聆听体验)”说明使用耳机存在问题。所以G项“尽管它们很令人愉悦，但不当使用耳机会导致不适。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，引出下文关于如何正确使用耳机的内容。故选G。37题详解】上文“Inearheadphonesareapopularchoiceastheyfitperfectlyintotheearcanal(耳道),blockingoutoutsidenoiseandreducingtheneedtoincreasevolumelevels.(入耳式耳机是一个受欢迎的选择，因为它们能完美地贴合耳道，阻挡外界噪音，并减少调高音量的需求)”说明入耳式耳机的优点。空处和前文为并列关系，进一步说明入耳式耳机的优点。所以F项“这种设计也能防止耳机掉落。”符合语境，继续阐述了入耳式耳机设计上的好处。故选F。【38题详解】下文“Topreventearpainandpotentialhearingdamage,expertsremendstickingtothe60/60rule,whichsuggestslisteningat60%volumefornomorethan60minutesatatime.It’ssuggestedthatyoushouldusebuiltinfeaturesonyourdevicetotrackyourlisteningtime,whichcanbehelpfulinstickingtoasafelimit.(为了防止耳朵疼痛和潜在的听力损伤，专家建议遵循“60/60原则”，即每次以60%的音量听不超过60分钟。建议你使用设备上的内置功能来跟踪你的聆听时间，这有