2026年98分英语测试题及答案

2026年98分英语测试题及答案

一、单项选择题，20分1.Thecommitteeinsistedthateveryapplicant______theformbeforeFriday.A.submitsB.submitC.submittedD.submitting2.Notuntilthetrainarrived______howmuchluggageshehadbrought.A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized3.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofanychangesintheschedule.A.informingB.informedC.toinformD.inform4.Onlyaftertherescueteamreachedthespot______theextentofthedamage.A.theyassessedB.didtheyassessC.theyhadassessedD.hadtheyassessed5.Themorefrequentlytheinstrument______,thehighertheaccuracyitprovides.A.calibratedB.iscalibratedC.calibratesD.hascalibrated6.Hardly______theairportwhentheannouncementofdelaywasmade.A.wereachedB.hadwereachedC.didwereachD.wehadreached7.Thenewpolicyis______ambitioustobeimplementedwithinafiscalyear.A.soB.suchC.tooD.enough8.Thereport,togetherwithitsappendices,______tobesubmittedtomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.were9.ThelecturerspokesoquicklythatIcould______jotdownthemainpoints.A.nearlyB.barelyC.hardlyeverD.almostnot10.Theboarddemandedthattheproposal______withoutfurthermodification.A.beacceptedB.isacceptedC.wasacceptedD.willbeaccepted二、填空题，20分11.Bytheendofnextyear,thelaboratory______(complete)itsfive-yeargenomeproject.12.Thejournalistaskedthescientistwhatunexpectedresult______(find)inthetrial.13.Notonlythetouristsbutalsotheguide______(be)amazedbythesunset.14.Themanualmust______(translate)intothreeminoritylanguagesbeforedistribution.15.Thestrictertheregulations______(become),thehighertheproductioncostgrows.16.Theexperimentwasconductedunderconditionsinwhichallvariables______(control).17.Themorecarbondioxidetheoceanabsorbs,themoreacidicit______(turn).18.Thedelegatesdemandedthatthedisputedclause______(remove)fromthetreaty.19.Thedatasetislargeenoughforthepattern______(emerge)withoutmanualintervention.20.Rarely______suchacoherentexplanation(offer)inpreviouspublications.三、判断题，20分21."Scarcelyhadtheresultspublishedwhenthemediareacted"isgrammaticallyacceptable.22.Thephrase"aseriesofaccidents"normallytakesapluralverbinformalwriting.23.InacademicEnglish,"data"isstillrequiredbymoststyleguidestobetreatedaspluralonly.24.Thesentence"Thegovernmentareannouncingthedecisiontoday"isincorrectinAmericanEnglish.25."IfIwasyou"isconsideredstandardinconditionalsentencesreferringtopresentunreality.26.Theexpression"needn'thavedone"impliesthattheactionwasunnecessarybutprobablyoccurred.27.Thedeterminer"every"canbefollowedbyapluralnounwhenemphasisisintended.28.Theconstruction"havesomeonedosomething"iscausativeandimpliesthesubjectcausestheaction.29.Thepastparticiple"borne"canbeusedinpassivevoicefortheverb"bear"inallcontexts.30.Thesentence"Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk"followstheproximityruleofagreement.四、简答题，20分31.Explainwhyinversionisobligatoryafter"undernocircumstances"informalEnglishandprovideanillustrativesentence.32.Statetwopragmaticfunctionsofhedginglanguageinscientificabstractsandgiveconciseexamples.33.Outlinethedifferencebetweenepistemicanddeonticmodality,citingonemodalverbforeach.34.Brieflydescribehowcohesionisachievedthroughlexicalchainsinexpositoryprose,withashortexample.五、讨论题，20分35.Discusstherhetoricaladvantagesandpotentialrisksofusingpassivevoiceinengineeringreports,providingtwocontext-specificexamples.36.Evaluatetheimpactofsingular"they"ongender-inclusiveacademicwritingandreflectonresistancefromtraditionalstylemanuals.37.Comparetheeffectivenessofnominalisationversusverbalphrasesinpolicydocuments,consideringreadabilityandauthority.38.Assesswhethertheincreasinguseofcontractionsindigitalscholarlycommunicationunderminesorenhancesacademiccredibility,offeringevidencefromrecentcorpusstudies.答案与解析一、1B2B3B4B5B6B7C8B9B10A二、11willhavecompleted12hadbeenfound13was14betranslated15become16werecontrolled17turns18beremoved19toemerge20hasbeenoffered三、21F22F23F24T25F26T27F28T29F30T四、31."Undernocircumstances"carriesnegativeforce;formalgrammarrequiressubject-operatorinversiontohighlighttheprohibition.Example:"Undernocircumstancesmaypersonnelenterthechamberwithoutclearance."32.Hedgingmitigatesovergeneralisationandshowsepistemiccaution.Examples:"Theresultssuggest..."signalspossibility;"Itappearsthat..."reducesface-threateningforcetopriorresearch.33.Epistemicmodalityconcernsprobability(e.g.,"might"indicateuncertainty);deonticmodalityconcernsobligationorpermission(e.g.,"must"expressesnecessity).34.Lexicalchainsreiteratesynonymsorcollocationsacrosssentences,creatingtopicalunity.Example:"climatechange...globalwarming...risingtemperatures..."linksthediscoursesemantically.五、35.Passivevoiceforegroundsprocessesoveractors,usefulwhentheagentisunknownorirrelevant("thebridgewasconstructedwithpre-stressedconcrete").Risk:excessivepassivesobscureresponsibility("mistakesweremade").Balanceandclarityshouldguideusage.36.Singular"they"avoidsgenderedpronouns,aligningwithinclusiveprinciples("Eachparticipantcompletedtheirsurvey").Traditionalmanualsresistcitinggrammaticalnumber,yetcorpusdatashowgrowingacceptance,especiallyinAPAandMLA,