2025~2026学年北京市燕山教育集团高二上学期期末英语试卷

2025~2026学年北京市燕山教育集团高二上学期期末英语试卷一、完形填空MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandbecameabsorbedinatalk.Becauseofthiscarelessdriving,mybrothertooka________turn.Unfortunately,theturntookustowardsabridgemistakenlyandwehadnowaytoturnback.Reluctantly(不情愿地),mybrotherpaidthebridgetoll(过桥费)anddroveon.Hewasclearlyfrustratedbythemistakeandthe________wasteof$4.Weeventuallyreachedanexitslipwayand,aswetookit,mybrothernoticedacarthatstoppedbytheroadside.Ayoungguywasstandingnearby,lookinganxious.Iwasbusytryingto________whichwaywewentnextbutmybrotherpulledoverandaskedtheguyifheneededanyhelp.Andhedid.Hehada(n)________tire(轮胎)andneededawrenchtogetitoff.Mybrothergavehimawrench,thenproceededtohelphimchangethetire.Theyoungmansaidthatthishadbeena(n)________weekforhim:earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthistirewasflatonhiswayhomefromwork.Hekeptthankingusbecausehereallywouldhavebeen________ifwehadn’tcomealong.Afterwehadfinishedthejob,hepulledout$20togivetous.“No,”Isaid.“Wewerenever________toevengetonthatbridge.Wetooktheturn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoanopportunityto________.”WhatIlovedmostwaswatchingmybrotherthroughoutthisprocess.Hewasabletoseeachancetohelp(whichItotallymissed!)eveninan________situation.Itcanonlycomefromacalmmindanda(n)________heart.1.A．wrongB．rightC．weakD．fresh2.A．pricelessB．countlessC．needlessD．endless3.A．debateonB．findoutC．putforwardD．dealwith4.A．spareB．missingC．flatD．unusual5.A．excitingB．inspiringC．normalD．unlucky6.A．stuckB．injuredC．lostD．tricked7.A．allowedB．supposedC．recommendedD．demonstrated8.A．learnB．tradeC．helpD．work9.A．complexB．negativeC．desperateD．dangerous10.A．braveB．proudC．heavyD．open二、语法填空阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。DanielDefoewasanEnglishwriterbestknownforhisnovelRobinsonCrusoe,althoughhealso11(write)hundredsofotherworks.HepublishedRobinsonCrusoein171912theageof59.Today,itremainsoneofthemostfamoustalesofsurvivalevertold.CountlessreadershavebeenencouragedbyRobinsonCrusoe’squalities,13gobeyondhissurvivalonadesertisland.Suchqualitiescanhelpuscopeinacrisis,nomatterwhatorwhereitis.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Itistruethatinnerbeautyisveryimportant,butexternalbeautyshouldn’t14(overlook).Itplaysapartintheimagewepresenttotheworld,andmakinganeffortwithyourappearancecanleaveapositivefirst15(impress)onothersandboostyourconfidence.Beinghealthyisbeautiful,andweshouldwearthatbeautywithconfidence,16(know)thatgoodhealthnotonlymakesusmorebeautiful,buthappier!阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Cunninghamalwaysusedsimple,17(relative)cheapcamerastotakepictures.Helikedtophotographordinarypeople.Hefoundinspirationwhereotherscouldnot,insimple,different18(scene)fromeverydaylife.Hewouldgooutontothestreetseveryday,regardlessoftheweather.Hishardworkisreflectedwithinhisphotos.Thisis19makesthemsospecial.Hisapproachtolifewasuncomplicated.Heneveracceptedthebenefits20(offer)tohimforbeingafashionphotographer.Hispassionforphotographylastedthroughouthislife.三、阅读理解Callingallfuturescientistsandengineers!EUREKA!ishostingourannualsciencefair!Here’syourchancetoapplyyourloveofSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)bycreatingandconductingyourownscientificinvestigation(调查研究).Participationisfreeandopentoallhighschoolstudents!Studentscaneitherenterasanindividualorasateamofnomorethan3members.Judgingwillbebasedongrade,sotherewillbeseparateprizesfordifferentgraders.Ifateamiscomposedofstudentsfromdifferentgrades,theprojectwillbejudgedinthegradecategoryoftheoldestparticipant’sgrade.ProjectSubmissionAllofthefollowingmustbecompletedbySunday,March9,2025:·Completetheregistrationform(oneperteam).•Createanelectronicdisplaypostersummarisingtheirprojectandemailittothesciencefaircommittee.•Createavideopresentation(lessthan5minutes)explainingtheirprojecttothejudges,andemailittothesciencefaircommittee.SafetyRulesItisimportanttowearproperprotectivegear(装备)whennecessaryinadditiontodisposingof(处理)wasteproperlywhenconductingascientificinvestigation.WestronglyrecommendthatguardianslookupandstudySafetyDataSheetsforanychemicalsthattheirstudentsuseandacceptresponsibilityfornotallowingtheirstudentstoexperimentwithdangerouschemicals.Projectsthatincludethedangerouscomponentsgoagainstoursafetyrules,andwillnotbedisplayedorjudged.PleasecontactEUREKA!directlytodiscussifyouareunsureaboutyourproject.21.Toenterthesciencefair,participantsneedto________.

A．forma3-memberteamB．applyforSTEMcoursesC．behighschoolstudentsD．comefromthesamegrade22.Whatareparticipantsrequiredtodobythesubmissiondate?

A．Submittheirdisplayposter.B．Fillintheregistrationformindividually.C．Videotheinvestigationprocess.D．Presenttheirprojecttojudgesinperson.23.Whatwillcausetheprojectdisplaytobecancelled?

A．Gettingridofprojectwasteimproperly.B．Involvingharmfulchemicalsintheproject.C．Performingexperimentswithoutaguardian.D．Conductinginvestigationswithoutprotection.WhenIgotmyfirstresearchprojecttowork,Iwassoexcited.Seeingresearchinactionwasenjoyable.Myexcitement,though,wassooncutshortwhenmyprofessoraskedmetowritearesearchpaperontheproject.Mybodytensed.WritingwasthelastthingIwantedtodo;it’sonereasonwhyIpursuedscienceinthefirstplace.IhadhatedwritingsinceIwasalittleboy.ButIcouldn’tavoidit:writingclasseswererequiredinhighschool.Forhours,Istaredatblankpages,tryingtoturnmydisorganisedthoughtsintofluentsentences.Myteacherswouldreturnmypaperslitteredwithred,showingmyparagraphswereoutoforder.Iwasfrustratedtonoend.HowcouldIknowwhatwasgoodiftherewasnoobjectivelyrightanswer?MaybeIwasn’tcutoutforwriting.Istudiedengineeringincollege.Afewyearslater,Ijoinedaresearchlab.Theprofessorassignedmeaninitialprojecttoimprovetheefficiencyofaninductor(电路感应器).Ispentweekssettingupatestforanewdesign.WhenIgottheresults,though,thenumbersweren’tgood.Ikepttryingnewdesigns,usingtheresultstobrainstormideaswithateamofresearchers.Finally,afterdozensofdesigns,wehadonethatcouldwork.Iwasoverjoyed—untilmyprofessortoldmetowritethatresearchpaper.Inpanic,Iaskedagraduatestudentinmylabforhelp.Icarefullywroteanoutline.ButwhenIaskedhimforfeedback,Isoonfoundthepaperfullofredmarks.BeforeIcouldquitindefeat,though,thegraduatestudentexplainedreddidn’tmeanIwasabadwriter.Writingisn’taone-and-donething.Itrequiresrevisingyourwork,oftenseveraltimes.Suddenlyitoccurredtome,“Hadn’tIdonethesamethingwhenIwasdesigningmyresearchproject?”Ikeptimprovingmyoutline,eventuallyturningitintosentencesandparagraphs,guidedbyfeedbackfromothers.Finally,Imadeit,andsurprisingly,Iwashavingfun.Fromthenon,writingbecameoneofmyfavouritepartsofresearch,anditstillistoday.It’safutureInevercouldhaveimaginedduringmyearlystruggleswithwritingclasses.ButIcamearound.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenaskedtowritearesearchpaper?

A．Regretful.B．Ashamed.C．Disappointed.D．Unwilling.25.Theauthor’steacherreturnedhispaperslitteredwithredbecause________.

A．hehandedinblankpagesB．hissentencesweresmoothC．hiswritinglackedorganisationD．hecombinedscienceinhiswriting26.Whichwordwouldbestdescribetheauthor’sfinalresearchdesign?

A．Hard-earned.B．Confusing.C．Well-known.D．Worrying.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Abadworkmanalwaysblameshistools.D．Trialanderroropensthedoortoprogress.Manychildren’shospitalsalreadyhavestorytellingprogrammesthataimtocheeruppatients.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatstorytellingalsohasphysiologicalbenefits.“Untilnow,thepositiveevidenceforstorytellingwasbasedon‘commonsense’thatinteractingwiththechildmaydistract,entertainandreducepsychologicalsuffering,”saidDrJorgeMoll,ofD’OrInstituteforResearchandEducation(IDOR),Brazil.“Buttherewasalackofasolidscientificbasis.”“Duringstorytelling,somethinghappensthatwecall‘narrativetransportation’.Thechild,throughfantasy,canexperiencesensationsandthoughtsthattransporthimorhertoanotherworld,aplacethatisdifferentfromthehospitalroom,andis,therefore,farfromtheunpleasantconditionsofhospitalization,”saysGuilhermeBrockington.Theteam,basedatIDORandtheFederalUniversityofABC,Brazil,studied81childrenbetweentheagesoftwoandseven,allofwhomwereintheintensivecareunit(ICU)atahospitalinSãoPaulo.Agroupof41childreneachhadasessionwithastoryteller,lasting25to30minutes.Acontrolgroupof40childreneachhadthesameamountoftimewiththesameprofessionals,buttheytoldriddlesinstead.Beforeandafterthesessions,theteamtooksalivasamplesfromeachchildandassessedtheirpainlevel.Thesalivasamplesallowedtheresearcherstomeasurelevelsofthehormonecortisol,whichisrelatedtostress,andthehormoneoxytocin,whichplaysaroleinempathy.Bothgroupsofchildrenbenefitedfromthesessions:theyallhadlesscortisolandmoreoxytocinintheirsaliva,suggestingtheywerelessstressed,andtheyreportedlesspainanddiscomfort.However,theresultsweretwiceasstrongforthestorytellinggroupasthecontrolgroup.Attheendofthesessions,thechildrenalsotookpartinaword-associationexerciseincludingwordslike‘hospital’,‘nurse’and‘doctor’.Theteamsaidthatchildrenfromthecontrolgroupsaid“thisisthebadwomanwhocomestogivemeaninjection”inresponsetothepicturesofadoctororanurse,whilethestorytellinggroupsaid“thisisthewomanwhocomestocureme”.“IconsiderthisstudytobeoneofthemostimportantIhaveparticipatedin,duetoitspotentialdirectimpactonpracticesinthehospitalenvironment,aimingatthereliefofhumansuffering.Weintendtosupportvolunteeringdevotedtothenobleactivityofstorytelling,nowwithmoresolidscientificevidence,”saidMoll.28.Accordingtothepassage,“narrativetransportation”indicateschildren_______.

A．feelthattheyareplacedintotheworldofastoryB．fireuptheirimaginationandexpandtheirhorizonsC．havemoreempathywiththecharactersinthestoriesD．experiencetheunpleasantconditionsofhospitalization29.InPara.3,theauthormainlytellsthereadersabout_______.

A．theapplicationoftheresearchB．thepurposeoftheresearchC．thelimitationoftheresearchD．theprocessoftheresearch30.Howdoestheauthorpresentthefindingsoftheresearch?

A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Bygivingdefinitions.C．Bypresentingexamples.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.31.Whichofthefollowingmaybetheresponsefromthestorytellinggroup?

A．AhospitalistheplacewhereIgowhenI’mverysick.B．AhospitalistheplacewhereIgetaninjectioninmyarm.C．AhospitalistheplacewhereIamtakencareoftofeelbetter.D．AhospitalistheplacewhereI’llhavetotakesomemedicine.Removinggenderbias(性别偏见)Tailorsworkedoutlongagothatmenandwomenhavedifferentshapes.Butthismessagehasfailedtoentermanyotherareasofdesign.Forexample,carseatbelts,whichdatebacktothe1880s,areoftenstillmoresuitableformen,whotendtositfartherbackthanwomenwhendriving.Andtodaythemostforward-lookingtechcompaniesonEartharestillplacingold-schoolbias(偏见，成见)intonewproducts.Considersmartphones.Mostaretoobigtofitcomfortablyintotheaveragewoman’shand,asaremanyvideo-gamecontrollers.Anobviouspartofthereasonsfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runcompaniesreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.Malebossesmaybeunawareoftheproblemswomenface.Theymaynotflagupobviousareasofconcern,orasktherightquestionswhendoingtheirresearchforanewproductdesign.Andonceanideagetsthegreenlight,itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designand,engineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.Theseteamsoftenusedatatomakedecisions,butmixingalluserstogethermeanstheymayfailtospottrendsbasedonsexdifferences.Dependenceonhistoricaldata,andthelackofdataonunderrepresentedgroups,canalsocreatebiasinalgorithms(算法).Nextcomestesting.Naturally,designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheymaynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.Thereisalsotheriskofconfirmationbias—designersmaylistentowhattheywanttohear,andignorenegativereactionsfromsomegroupsofusers.Tech’sdesignbiasneedsfixingformoral,safetyandbusinessreasons.Theethicalimportanceisobvious:itiswrongthatwomenhavetomakedowitha“one-size-fit-men”world,asCarolineCriadoPerez,awriter,putsit.Asforsafety,regulatorscantacklethatbybanningthingsthataredangeroustowomen—includingseatbelts—becausetheyarenotdesignedproperly.Butthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.Womenare50%ofthepopulation,andmake70—80%oftheworld’sconsumer-spendingdecisions.Changeiscoming.Thefirstvoice-recognitionsystemsstruggledtounderstandfemalevoices,butmostnowmanagejustfine.“Femtech”start-upcompanies,whichfocusonwomen’shealthandwell-being,mayraise$1billionbytheendofthisyear.VCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringmorewomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.Whatisholdingthemback?32.Whyarecarseatbeltsoftendesignedwithabiastowardsmen?

A．Becausementendtositfartherbackincarscomparedtowomen.B．Becausecarseatbeltshavenotundergonesignificantchangessincetheirinvention.C．Becausetechcompaniesareincorporatingbiasesintotheirnewcarseatbeltdesigns.D．Becausetailorshaveadeeperunderstandingofbodyshapesthancarseatbeltdesigners.33.WhatisdiscussedinParagraphs2and3?

A．Whattech’sdesignbiasneedstobefixed.B．Howgenderbiasisaffectingtechcompanies.C．Whygenderbiastakesrootinproductdesign.D．Whoistoblameforgenderbiasintechcompanies.34.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureofbias-freeproductdesign?

A．Uncertain.B．Sceptical.C．Negative.D．Positive.WaystoBoostYourSelf-ControlContrarytopopularbelief,self-controldoesnotcomealongbydenyingyourselfsomethingorbeing“strict”withyourself.Itisaboutlovingyourselfanddevelopingnewhabits.35Thisishowyougetthere:Setcleargoalssowhenitcomesdowntoit,youcanthinkfirst,actlater.Whenyouhaveknowledgethatagreaterrewardisatstake(得失难料),youaregoingtohaveaneasiertimelettinggoofimmediatesatisfaction.Prioritizeyourlistaccordingtowhatyouwanttoachieveinthefuture.36Motivateyourselftowinandrememberthatlifedoesn’thappentoyou,ithappensforyou.Anxietyarisesfromthebeliefthatyouarenotincontrolofyourlifecircumstancesbutareavictimofthem.37Thatwillsetthestageforyoutoregainyourpowerandaccessyourinnermotivationtowinandachieve.Knowyourtriggers(诱因)andcontrolthestressresponse.Certainsituations,peopleorevenfoodswillcauseyourstressresponsetobetriggered.Yourjobistopayattention.38Itcouldbesleepdeprivation,oritcouldbeatendencytofeeloverlycriticizedbyyourboss.Byknowingyourtriggers,youcaneitheravoidthemordevelopwaystodealwiththem.39Eitherenlistfriendsorfamilymemberstojoinyouoraskfortheirsupporttoremindyouofyourlong-termgoals.Thekeyhereisthatnooneisallowedtocriticizeyouorcauseyoutofeelguiltorshame.Instead,theyaretoremindyoutoloveyourselfandhelpyougetbackontrackwhenyouslipup.

A．Getsomereliablepartners.B．Whoandwhatcausesyoutofeelemotional?C．Youshouldthinktwicetoavoidpossiblemistakes.D．Changeyourmindsettobeingavictorofyourlife.E．Itwillhelpyoufollowyourheartandimproveyourperformance.F．Inotherwords,itisapositiveeffort,notoneofdenialornegativity.G．Whenfollowingthisprocess,youwillthinktwicebeforeactingonasuddenurge.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Nowadays,alotofyoungpeopleseemtospendmuchoftheirfreetimeeitherwatchingtelevisionorplayingcomputergames.Certainly,thesethingsareentertaining,buttheydon’tcontributemuchtodevelopingtheirbrains.Manybelievethatreadingbooks,andespeciallyfiction,isamuchmoreeffectivewayofachievingthis.Themostobviousbenefitwegetfromreadingagoodstoryisagrowingvocabulary.Wecomeacrossnewwordsinreadingandtrytounderstandthesewordsthroughcontext.Gradually,webecomemoreconfidentwithcomplexwords.Inaddition,weimproveinotherareassuchasspeakingandwritingjustbyreadingregularly.Ithasalsobeenestablishedthatreadingfictionisagoodwayofdevelopingagoodself-image.Non-readersorpoorreadersoftenhavelowopinionsofthemselves.Besides,theymayperformpoorlyinothersubjectsbecausetheycannotreadandunderstandthematerial.Mostimportantly,however,readingfictionhelpsustodevelopourbrains.Thehumanbraincanworkwellwhenwejustdoregularthings,likedrivingorwalking.However,learningexpertDr.BrianE.Walshsuggestedthatitcanperformmoreeffectivelywhenanelementofsurpriseisadded,becausethishelpstobuildconnectionsinthebrain.Inthisrespect,thepositiveeffectsofreadingmaybemuchstrongerthanpreviouslythought.Recentresearchhasshownthatthebrainreactsmorestr