2025~2026学年广东梅州市高三年级上学期期末英语试卷

2025~2026学年广东梅州市高三年级上学期期末英语试卷一、阅读理解OnlineapplicationsareinvitedfortheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)CertificateCourseonNature-basedSolutionsforDisasterandClimateResilience.AboutUNEPEstablishedbyMauriceStrong,itsfirstdirector,aftertheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholminJune1972,itisresponsibleforcoordinatingresponsestoenvironmentalissueswithintheUnitedNationssystem.AbouttheCourseThecourseallowsyoutobeeducatedtoprotecttheplanet.Thereisnocoursefeeassociatedwiththiscourse,anditisopentoall.TheUNEPcertificateofcompletionisfreeforlearnerswhocompletethecourse.Thecourseconsistsof7unitsofcontent.·Unit1:Whyisthistopicrelevanttome?·Unit2:WhatareNature-basedSolutionsforDisasterandClimateResilience?·Unit3:Nature-basedSolutionsappliedtopressingchallenges:urbanization,coastaldevelopment,anddrylandsincrease;·Unit4:InclusiveAction:Thesignificanceofyouth,communities,andindigenous(本土的)peopleinNature-basedSolutions;·Unit5:Frompolicytopractice;·Unit6:TheBusinessCaseforNature-basedSolutions;·Unit7:Timeforaction!Eligibility(资格)CriteriaItisopentoanyoneandcanbebeneficialforthefollowingtargetgroups:·Practitioners:Disasterriskreduction&climatechangeexperts,environmentalmanagers,andlocalgovernment;·Policymakers:Decision-makersatinternational,national,andlocallevels;·Engineers&UrbanPlanners:Includingarchitects,geographers,andurbandesigners;·Businesses:Includingbanking,insurance,andCorporateSocialResponsibilitymanagers;·YouthandEducators:Parents,teachersandstudents.Benefits·UNEPcertificate;·Theprogramisofferedin8languages:English,French,Spanish,Hindi,Arabic,Chinese,IndonesianandPortuguese;·Exclusive(专有的)interviewswithworldleaders;·Interactwithexperts;·Freelearningmaterials;·Joinagrowingcommunityofpractice.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthecourse?

A．ToteachsustainableEarthprotectionskills.B．Toeducatepeopleaboutadvancedtechniques.C．Topromotetraditionalfarmingmethods.D．Toattractengineersandurbanplanners.2.Whichunitinvolvestheimportanceofpublicparticipation?

A．Unit2.B．Unit3.C．Unit4.D．Unit5.3.Howcantheparticipantsbenefitfromthecourse?

A．Theywillbeofferedajob.B．Theywillgainafreecertificate.C．Theywilladvanceinlanguage.D．Theywillbecomeafinancialleader.IfyouwerestandingoutsidetheLouvreinParisonthemorningofAugust21,1911,youmighthavenoticedthreemenhurryingoutofthemuseum.Theyseemedverytired,becausethey’djustspentthenightinanart-supplycontainer.Andonthatmorning,withtheLouvrestillclosed,theyslippedoutoftheirhidingplaceandliftedthepainting,theMonaLisaoffthewallandheadedtotheQuaid’OrsayStation,wheretheyboardeda07:47expresstrainoutofthecity.Twenty-eighthourspassedwhenanartist,whofelthecouldn’tworkiftheMonaLisawasn’tthere,noticedtheabsenceofthepainting.Buttheartistwasn’talarmed.Atthattime,therewasaprojectunderwaytophotographtheLouvre’smanyworks.Eachpiecehadtobetakentotheroof,sincecamerasdidnotworkwellinsideinthosedays.Sohepersuadedaguardtocheckhowlongthephotographersweregoingtohavethepainting.Theguardcamebackandsaid,“Thephotographerssaytheydon’thaveit!”AftertheLouvreannouncedthetheft,newspapersallovertheworldranheadlinesaboutthemissingpaintinganditbecameanincrediblyfamouspainting—literallyovernight.AlthoughcriticsbegantoconsidertheMonaLisa,whichwascompletedin1507,asoneofLeonardodaVinci’smasterpiecesinthe1860s,itwasn’teventhemostfamouspaintinginitsgallery,letaloneintheLouvre.ThethievesturnedouttobethreeItalians:twobrothers,VincenzoandMicheleLancelotti,andahandyman,VincenzoPerugia,whohadworkedfortheLouvre.Theyhopedtosellthepainting.Butthepaintinghadreceivedsomuchattentionthatitbecametoohottohock.SotheyhiditintheirParisboardinghouse.Twenty-eightmonthslater,theyfinallydecidedtosellittoanartdealerinFlorence,Italy.Butthedealerreportedtothepoliceandtheyendedupinprisonforeightmonths.4.Whywastheartistundisturbedwhenhefoundthepaintingmissing?

A．Hehadalreadyreadaboutthetheft.B．Heknewitwasmovedtoanothergallery.C．Hedidn’tlikethepaintingverymuch.D．Hethoughtitwaswiththephotographers.5.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMonaLisa?

A．Itwascompletedinthe1860s.B．Itbecameareallyhotpaintingin1911.C．Itwasanimmediatesuccess.D．IthadmanyoriginalcopiesintheLouvre.6.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“toohottohock”inparagraph4?

A．Toosillytosteal.B．Tooearlytoreturn.C．Toofamoustosell.D．Tooexpensivetobuy.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheTheftThatMadetheMonaLisaWell-knownB．ThreeItaliansSucceededinStealingFamousPaintingsC．AnArtLoverCouldn’tWorkUntilHeSawtheMonaLisaD．LeonardodaVinciWasIgnoredbyCriticsforaLongTimeThehistoryofcomputersisataleofrelentlessinnovation,shrinkingsize,andexponentialgrowthincapability.Inthe1940s,thefirstelectronicgeneral-purposecomputer,theENIAC(ElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputer),emergedasabehemoth—weighing27tons,occupying1,800squarefeet,andusing18,000vacuumtubes.ItsprimarytaskwascalculatingartilleryfiringtablesfortheU.S.Army,aprocessthatoncetookhumanshoursbutENIACcompletedinminutes.However,itwasfarfromuser-friendly:programmingrequiredrewiringitscircuits,anditconsumedenoughelectricitytopowerasmallneighborhood.The1950sand1960smarkedthetransistorrevolution,replacingfragilevacuumtubeswithsmaller,faster,andmorereliabletransistors.ThisshiftbirthedmainframecomputerslikeIBM’sSystem/360,whichdominatedcorporateandgovernmentsectors.Mainframeswerestilllargeandexpensive,buttheyintroducedbatchprocessingandtime-sharing,allowingmultipleuserstoaccessthesystemsimultaneously.The1970sbroughtanotherseismicshift;themicroprocessor.Intel’s4004chip,releasedin1971,integratedallthecomponentsofacentralprocessingunit(CPU)ontoasinglesiliconchip.Thisinventionpavedthewayforpersonalcomputers(PCs).In1975,theAltair8800,akit-basedPC,ignitedthehomecomputingtrend,followedbyApple’sMacintoshin1984,whichpopularizedthegraphicaluserinterface(GUI)andmouse—makingcomputersaccessibletonon-technicalusers.Bythe2000s,mobilecomputingtookcenterstage.SmartphonesliketheiPhone(2007)andAndroiddevicespackedcomputingpowerequivalentto1990ssupercomputersintopockets,withtouchscreens,wirelessconnectivity,andappecosystems.Today,cloudcomputingandartificialintelligence(AI)areredefiningthefield:usersaccessvastcomputingresourcesremotely,andAIalgorithmsenablecomputerstolearn,predict,andautomatetasksoncethoughtimpossible.FromENIAC’sclunkycircuitstotoday’sAI-drivensmartphones,computershaveevolvedfromspecializedtoolstoindispensableextensionsofhumancapability,reshapinghowwework,communicate,andlive.8.WhatwastheprimaryfunctionoftheENIAC?

A．Topowermobiledevices.B．TodevelopthefirstGUI.C．Todesignmicroprocessors.D．Tocalculateartilleryfiringtables.9.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A．Theriseofcloudcomputing.B．Theinventionofthemicroprocessor.C．Theimpactofsmartphonesoncomputing.D．Thetransitionfromvacuumtubestotransistorsandmainframes.10.WhichinventionintegratedaCPUontoasinglesiliconchip?

A．TheENIAC.B．Thetransistor.C．TheIntel4004microprocessor.D．TheAppleMacintosh.11.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheevolutionofcomputersfromthetext?

A．Eachtechnologicalbreakthroughreducedsizewhileincreasingpower.B．AIhasreplacedtheneedforhumaninteractionwithcomputers.C．Theshifttomobilecomputingmadecomputerslessaccessible.D．Computershavebecomelargerandmoreexpensiveovertime.Duetocomplexproductionprocessesandregionalvariations,it’salmostimpossibletodefinelacquerware(漆器)insimplewords.Putsimply,itreferstoanythingpaintedwithlacqueronthesurface.LacquerisanaturalpaintharvestedfromapoisonoustreethatisonlyfoundinChina,JapanandKorea.Oncedried,itisremarkablyresistanttowater,acid,and,toacertaindegree,heat.ItiscollectedbetweenJuneandOctober.Aworkercangenerallyhandle400-500lacquertreesandgatherupto75kgintotalperyear.Afterthemilkyliquidiscollected,itisgentlyheatedtoremovewaterandimpurities.Purifiedlacquercanthenbeappliedtothesurfaceofnearlyanyobjectmadefromwood,bamboo,clothormetals.Oncecoatedwithathinlayeroflacquer,theobjecthastobeplacedinawarmplacetodry.Usually,lacquerwarerequiresthirtyormorecoatings.WhileitemscoveredwithlacquerhavebeenfoundinChinasincetheNewStoneAge,lacquerwarewithcomplexdecorationmadeitsfirstappearanceduringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).Sincethen,lacquerwareasanartformhasdevelopedalongtwodistinctpathsinChina:surfacedecorationandlacquercarving.Surfacedecorationusuallytakestheformofpainting.Carvedlacquerware,whichcombinestheskillsofpaintingandcarving,isauniqueChineseachievementinlacquerartandisalsolacquerartinitspurestform.DuringTangDynasty,lacquerdecorationwasintroducedtoKoreaandJapan,whereittookonalifeofitsown.InKorea,najeonchilgibecamethedominantdecorativetechniqueandithascontinuedassuchtothepresentday.Knownforitsbeautifulchanginglights,Koreanlacquerwareiscoatedwithlacquermixedwithshinymother-of-pearlpowder(珍珠母粉末).Ontheotherhand,atechniquecalledmaki-ehasdevelopedtothehighestdegreeinJapan,whicheithermixesgoldandsilverinpowdertoproducegoldorsilverlacquer,orspreadsthemoverthelacquersurfacetocreateagoldorsilvereffect.12.Whatcanweknowaboutlacquer?

A．Itcanprotectitemscoatedwithit.B．Itisanewlyinventedpaint.C．Itcanbefoundallaroundtheglobe.D．Ithastobeharvestedinwinter.13.WhichisconsideredastheuniqueformoflacquerartinChina?

A．Maki-e.B．Lacquercarving.C．Surfacedecoration.D．Najeonchilgi.14.WhatisKoreanlacquerwarebest-knownfor?

A．Itsartisticcarving.B．Itsgoldorsilvereffect.C．Itspurestpainting.D．Itschangingshinylights.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A．Politics.B．Technology.C．Culture.D．Advertisement.HowtoFeelLikeYouAreonHolidayEveryDayIftherewereawaytoliveyourlifemorelikeyou’reonarelaxingbreakinsteadofbeingtrappedinaboringroutine,wouldyougiveitatry?16.GetmovingExerciseisoneofthebestandmosteffectivewaystolowerstress.Onholiday,youdoitwithouteventhinkingaboutitbywalkingaroundanewcity.Athome,youshouldbuilditintoyourday.Evenmoderate-intensityactivities,suchasgoingforawalk,release“happyhormones”.17.Startwith15minutesofdailyexercise,whichisenoughtimetoincreaseyourheartrateandbegintoharvestthebenefits.18Onholidays,weenjoylongdrawn-outrestaurantmealswithlovedones;inreallife,wescarfdownprocessedfoodsinthecarontheway.Researchsupportsthatfamiliesthateattogetherhavelessanxiety,lessdepressionandareducedriskofobesity.Itisrecommendedthatfamilieseatatleastonemealadaytogethertoconnectandeathealthily.Make“no”yourdefault(默认的)answerIt’seasytobea“yes”person,assigningyourselftoschoolfundraisersandvolunteercommitteeseventhoughyoudon’thavethetime.That’sthebeautyofholidays:Weonlysay“yes”tothingswewanttodo.Peoplehavetobeveryintentionalaboutwhattheirprioritiesareinlifeandcreateboundariesaroundwhat’sreallymeaningful.19.BeatouristinyourowntownPartofwhatmakesaholidaysoexcitingisthenoveltyofanewplace.20.Inshort,dothingsthatbringyoujoyandletyoudiscoveradestination.Thegoodnewsisthatit’seasytobeatouristinyourowntown,especiallyonweekends.Makeapointofcheckingoutthathotnewjazzbarorsigningupforafoodtour.Tryanewhikeorvisitamuseum.

A．EatwithyourfamilymindfullyB．IdentifykeyelementsofabalanceddietC．TheyimproveyourmoodandincreaseenergyD．ItincreasesproductivityandhelpsyoustayfocusedE．LetmeshowyouhowtomakeeverydayfeellikeaholidayF．MakesuretoclarifywhatitemscanslidedowntheprioritylistG．Eatattrendyrestaurants,joinbicycletours,andtryactivitieslikesurfing二、完形填空“Mynameis...”ThewordsstuckinmythroatasIshookastranger’shand.I________tosaymyname,“Pppeeeettterr”.Typical________rangedfromawkwardsilencetothejoking“Areyousure?”Asachild,IwouldimagineIjustmademyselflook________.Ihavebeenastutterer(口吃者)sinceIwas7.Ievendidn’tknowits________.WhenIwasyoung,I________speechtherapy(治疗)techniques,butIwascomfortableinmyownmind.WhenIcouldn’tavoidspeaking,my________wastoreplacewordswithsynonyms(同义词).ThenIfellinlovewithscience,whereprecision________mattered.So,whileingraduateschool,Irestartedspeechtherapy,andworkedonnewstrategies.IthoughtIhadmystutterundercontrol.However,whenIbecameanassistantprofessor,facingtheinevitable________ofstartingaresearchgroup,myspeechwasregressing(退化).Ididn’tnoticeituntilonedaywhenIwasteachingmyclassandfoundIcouldn’tsay“equilibrium”.Afeelingof________remained,contradictorytomyself-imageasacapablescientist.Later,________aboutaconferenceintroduction,Ieventually________arealization:Iwouldprobablyneverbe________ofmystutter.Meanwhile,IwonderedwhetherIcouldgainsomegoodfromthisweakness—Ifradiationcouldbeusedto________cancer,whycouldn’tmystuttermakemebetter,too?Now,Irejectfeelingsofshameandinsteadacceptmy________.Iamnotin________,butIcan,withpropereffort,participateinmywork.21.A．refusedB．decidedC．plannedD．managed22.A．responsesB．meaningsC．warningsD．questions23.A．smartB．helpfulC．stupidD．familiar24.A．trickB．causeC．requestD．suggestion25.A．learnedB．evaluatedC．modifiedD．taught26.A．purposeB．topicC．typeD．strategy27.A．rarelyB．slightlyC．reallyD．gradually28.A．lessonsB．challengesC．designsD．cases29.A．shameB．joyC．envyD．surprise30.A．excitedB．curiousC．certainD．worried31.A．lookedintoB．calledonC．cametoD．tookon32.A．proudB．freeC．shortD．aware33.A．cureB．extendC．preventD．match34.A．strengthsB．jokesC．traditionsD．limitations35.A．progressB．controlC．troubleD．danger三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InlateSeptember,thesouthwesterncityofChengdulaunchedapilotprogramacrosseightpublicandprivateschools36beganthisfall.Eachparticipatingschoolhaschosentwoclassesofnomorethan45studentseach,37(select)throughvolunteersign-ups,as“integratededucation”classes.Theseclassesoperate38(separate)andcombinemiddleandhighschoolcurricula.ThenewmodelispartofChengdu’sbroadereffort39(reform)thehighschoolentrancesystemandisintendedtobridge40(gap)betweenschoolstagesandeaseexam-relatedpressure.ThezhongkaoisoneofthemostimportantacademicstagesinChina,41(determine)whetherstudentsadvancetoacademichighschools42vocational（职业的）tracks.Formanyparents,thereformofferslong-awaitedrelief.“Thebiggestappealisbeingexempt（免除的）fromthezhongkao,”oneChengduparenttolddomesticmedia.Sheexpressedbothregretthatherchildwasnotchosenforthepilotprogramandhopeforan43(expand)oftheprogram.Sofar,similar“exam-free”initiatives44(launch)inafewothercities,thoughtheyaretypicallyreservedfortop-performingstudents.XiongBingqi,presidentofChina’s21stCenturyEducationResearchInstitute,warnedthatmanyparentsmayviewintegratedclasses45awaytoavoidacademictracking.“However,aslongasthekeyhighschoolsystemremains,anxietyoverthezhongkaowon’tbeeased,”hesaid.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mary准备到你所在的城市旅游，向你咨询相关情况，请你写一封回复邮件，内容包括：1.推荐一个旅游景点；2.提醒需要注意的情况。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMary,Gladtolearnthatyouareplanningtovisitmycity.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopethisrecommendationmayhelpyou.Lookingforwardtoyourvisit!Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ourfamilylovehockey(曲棍球)andwearehugefansoftheTorontoMapleLeafs.IhavewatchedthemontelevisionsinceIwasalittlekid.ButthemostexcitingpartofhockeyformyfamilywastravellingfromourhomeinthecountrytoTorontotowatchthemplayliveatMapleLeafGardens!Mymom’sdaddiedwhenshewasateenager.MygrandpahadseasonticketstotheGardens.Theticketsweregiventomygrandmaandeventuallytheywerepassedontomymom.Thankstomygrandpa’slegacy(遗赠),wehavefourfirst-rowcentreiceseasonticketsatMapleLeafGardens.Foryears,mydad,mom,twinsisterSusan,andIcheeredfortheLeafsthere—untilmyyoungersisterAynsleywasborn,makingourfamilyfive.Asshegrewup,shealsobegan