2026年全国卷高考英语压轴难题卷含解析

2026年全国卷高考英语压轴难题卷含解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解阅读下列材料，回答问题。Intherapidlyevolvinglandscapeofartificialintelligence(AI),largelanguagemodels(LLMs)haveemergedaspowerfultools,capableofgeneratinghuman-liketext,translatinglanguages,andevenwritingdifferentkindsofcreativecontent.Whiletheircapabilitiesareastounding,theethicalimplicationsofLLMsremainasubjectofintensedebate.Oneofthemostpressingconcernsisthepotentialformisuse,includingthegenerationofmisinformationorthecreationofdeepfakesthatcandeceivepeople.ProponentsofLLMsarguethattheyofferimmensebenefitsacrossvarioussectors.Ineducation,forinstance,AItutorscanprovidepersonalizedlearningexperiences,adaptingtoeachstudent'spaceandstyle.Inhealthcare,LLMscanassistdoctorsbyanalyzingmedicalrecordsandsuggestingpotentialdiagnoses.Additionally,theycanenhanceproductivityinbusinessesbyautomatingroutinetasksandgeneratingreports.TheseapplicationsdemonstratethetransformativepotentialofLLMstoaddresscomplexchallengesandimprovelives.However,criticsraisevalidpointsabouttherisksassociatedwithLLMs.Onemajorconcernistheissueofbias.SinceLLMsaretrainedonvastamountsofdata,theycaninadvertentlyperpetuateexistingbiasespresentinthatdata.Thiscanleadtounfairordiscriminatoryoutcomes,particularlyinareaslikehiringorcriminaljustice.Anotherconcernistheenvironmentalimpactoftrainingandrunningthesemodels,whichrequiresignificantcomputationalresourcesandenergy.Thecarbonfootprintoflarge-scaleAIoperationsraisesquestionsabouttheirsustainability.Moreover,theriseofLLMshassparkedworriesaboutjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theymayreplacehumanworkersincertainindustries,particularlythoseinvolvingdataanalysisorcontentcreation.Whilethiscouldleadtoincreasedefficiency,italsoposesathreattoemploymentandmayexacerbateeconomicinequalityifnotmanagedproperly.TheethicaldevelopmentanddeploymentofLLMsmustthereforebalanceinnovationwithresponsibility.Tomitigatetheserisks,stakeholdersincludinggovernments,techcompanies,andresearchersneedtocollaborate.RegulatoryframeworksshouldbeestablishedtoensuretransparencyandaccountabilityinAIsystems.CompaniesmustinvestinethicalAIpractices,suchasbiasdetectionandmitigationtechniques.Additionally,publiceducationiscrucialtofosteranuancedunderstandingofAIamongcitizens.Byaddressingtheseethicalchallengesproactively,societycanharnessthebenefitsofLLMswhileminimizingpotentialharms.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvocateforthewidespreadadoptionofLLMsinvariousfields.B.TohighlighttheethicalconcernssurroundingthedevelopmentanduseofLLMs.C.ToexplainhowLLMscanbeintegratedintoeducationalandhealthcaresystems.D.ToargueagainsttheuseofAItechnologies,includingLLMs.2.AccordingtoproponentsofLLMs,whichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofthesemodels?A.Enhancingproductivityinbusinesses.B.Generatinghuman-liketext.C.Providingpersonalizedlearningexperiences.D.Assistingdoctorsindiagnosingillnesses.3.Theword"staggering"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.BoringB.ImpressiveC.DangerousD.Expensive4.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.LLMscanrevolutionizemultiplesectorsbyofferinginnovativesolutions.B.ThepotentialbenefitsofLLMsineducationandhealthcareareoverestimated.C.LLMsareprimarilyusefulforautomatingroutinetasksinbusinesses.D.TheuseofLLMsinvariousfieldsisalreadywidespreadandwell-established.5.CriticsofLLMsareprimarilyconcernedabout:A.Thehighcostofdevelopingandmaintainingthesemodels.B.Thepotentialforbiasesandenvironmentalimpact.C.TheabilityofLLMstogeneratecreativecontent.D.Thedisplacementofhumanworkersincertainindustries.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewaytomitigatetherisksassociatedwithLLMs?A.RestrictingtheuseofAItechnologiestospecificsectorsonly.B.EncouragingpubliceducationaboutAIanditsethicalimplications.C.DevelopingLLMsthatarelesscapabletoreducetheriskofmisuse.D.FocusingsolelyontheenvironmentalimpactofAIoperations.7.Theword"perpetuate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ImproveB.ChangeC.ContinueD.Eliminate8.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofAI?A.AItechnologieswillbecomeobsoleteinthenearfuture.B.TheethicalchallengesofAIwilloutweighitsbenefits.C.AIwillcontinuetoevolve,bringingbothopportunitiesandrisks.D.ThedevelopmentofAIwillslowdownduetoethicalconcerns.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?A.Largelanguagemodelshavenopracticalapplicationsinreal-worldscenarios.B.ThebenefitsofLLMsineducationandhealthcarearelimitedandcontroversial.C.EthicalAIdevelopmentrequirescollaborationamongvariousstakeholders.D.TheenvironmentalimpactofAIismoresignificantthanitspotentialbenefits.10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtheuseofLLMs?A.Entirelysupportive,seeingnopotentialdownsides.B.Predominantlycritical,focusingonlyontherisks.C.Balanced,acknowledgingbothbenefitsandchallenges.D.Indifferent,believingLLMsarenotworththediscussion.第二部分完形填空阅读下面的短文，文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求，选出能填入每个空白处的最佳选项。Lastweekend,Ifoundmyselfinthemiddleofabustlingcity,lostinthecrowdandoverwhelmedbythenoise.Theairwasthickwiththescentofstreetfood,andthesoundsoflaughter,chatter,andmusicfilledeverycorner.Itwasascenethatbothenchantedandexhaustedme.1._______totheriverbank,Idecidedtotakeamomenttobreatheandsoakintheatmosphere.Theriver,usuallycalm,wasflowingrapidly,itssurface2._______withthereflectionsofthepassingboatsandthevibrantlightsofthecity.Agroupofchildrenwasplayingnearthewater'sedge,their3._______echoingthroughtheair.Iwatchedastheybuiltasmallsandcastle,theirfaces4._______withconcentrationandjoy.AsIcontinuedmywalk,Inoticedastreetartistpaintingamuralonabrickwall.His5._______werequickandconfident,fillingthecanvaswithcolorsthatseemedto6._______theveryessenceofthecity.Peoplegatheredaround,some7._______inawe,othersofferingtipsandsuggestions.Theartist,8._______afriendlysmile,engagedwitheachonlooker,sharinghispassionforartandlife.Ipassedbyasmallbookstore,itsshelves9._______withbooksofallkinds.Theowner,anelderlymanwithakinddemeanor,10._______measIentered."Welcome,"hesaid,hisvoicewarmandinviting."Haveyoureadanythinggoodlately?"IsmiledandrepliedthatIoftenfoundinspirationinthestoriesIencounteredonmytravels.1.A.WalkingB.StrollingC.RunningD.Hopping2.A.ShiningB.GlitteringC.ScatteringD.Dancing3.A.ShoutsB.WhispersC.LaughterD.Sighs4.A.LitB.BrightenedC.IlluminatedD.Sparkled5.A.HandsB.StrokesC.MovementsD.Brush6.A.CapturingB.ExpressingC.RevealingD.Illustrating7.A.StaringB.GazingC.LookingD.Wandering8.A.WearingB.DisplayingC.OfferingD.Emitting9.A.FilledB.PackedC.CoveredD.Surrounded10.A.GreetedB.AcknowledgedC.AdmiredD.Addressed第三部分书面表达假设你是李华，你的学校计划举办一次“环保与我”主题英语演讲比赛。请根据以下要点，写一篇演讲稿。1.简述当前环境问题，如污染、资源浪费等。2.分析这些问题产生的原因，如消费习惯、环保意识不足等。3.提出解决方法，如减少一次性用品使用、垃圾分类、参与植树活动等。4.呼吁大家从自身做起，为保护环境贡献力量。注意：*词数100-120。*可以适当增加细节，以使内容连贯，完整。李华：Goodmorning,everyone.Iamheretodaytotalkaboutatopicthatconcernsallofus:environmentalprotection.Inrecentyears,ourplanethasbeenfacingsevereenvironmentalchallenges.Pollutionfromfactoriesandvehicleshasbeenpollutingourairandwater,whileexcessiveconsumptionandwastehavebeendepletingournaturalresources.Theseproblemsarenotonlyharmingtheenvironmentbutalsothreateningourhealthandfuture.Thecausesoftheseissuesarecomplex.Onemajorfactorisourexcessiverelianceondisposableproducts,whichgeneratesahugeamountofwaste.Anotherreasonisthelackofawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotectionamongsomepeople.Manyofustaketheenvironmentforgranted,failingtorealizetheimportanceofpreservingit.However,thereisstillhope.Wecanallmakeadifferencebytakingaction.Forinstance,wecanreduceouruseofdisposableitemsandoptforreusablealternatives.Sortingourwasteintorecyclableandnon-recyclablecategoriescanalsomakeasignificantimpact.Additionally,participatingintree-plantingactivitiesandpromotingenvironmentalawarenessamongourpeerscanhelpcreateagreenerfuture.Inconclusion,environmentalprotectionisaresponsibilitythatfallsonallofus.Letusstartwithsmallstepsandmakeconsciouschoicesinourdailylives.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateasustainableworldforourselvesandfuturegenerations.Thankyou.试卷答案1.B2.B3.B4.A5.B6.B7.C8.C9.C10.C1.B2.B3.A4.B5.B6.A7.A8.D9.B10.A李华：Goodmorning,everyone.Iamheretodaytotalkaboutatopicthatconcernsallofus:environmentalprotection.Inrecentyears,ourplanethasbeenfacingsevereenvironmentalchallenges.Pollutionfromfactoriesandvehicleshasbeenpollutingourairandwater,whileexcessiveconsumptionandwastehavebeendepletingournaturalresources.Theseproblemsarenotonlyharmingtheenvironmentbutalsothreateningourhealthandfuture.Thecausesoftheseissuesarecomplex.Onemajorfactorisourexcessiverelianceondisposableproducts,whichgeneratesahugeamountofwaste.Anotherreasonisthelackofawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotectionamongsomepeople.Manyofustaketheenvironmentforgranted,failingtorealizetheimportanceofpreservingit.However,thereisstillhope.Wecanallmakeadifferencebytakingaction.Forinstance,wecanreduceouruseofdisposableitemsandoptforreusablealternatives.Sortingourwasteintorecyclableandnon-recyclablecategoriescanalsomakeasignificantimpact.Additionally,participatingintree-plantingactivitiesandpromotingenvironmentalawarenessamongourpeerscanhelpcreateagreenerfuture.Inconclusion,environmentalprotectionisaresponsibilitythatfallsonallofus.Letusstartwithsmallstepsandmakeconsciouschoicesinourdailylives.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateasustainableworldforourselvesandfuturegenerations.Thankyou.解析1.B解析思路：文章首段提到LLMs的能力令人“staggering”，结合后文对LLMs能力的具体描述（如生成文本、翻译语言、创作内容等），可以推断出作者认为这些能力是令人“印象深刻”的，故B项“impressive”（令人印象深刻的）与原文意思最接近。A项“boring”（无聊的）、C项“dangerous”（危险的）和D项“expensive”（昂贵的）均与原文描述不符。2.B解析思路：题干问“支持LLMs的人认为以下哪项不是这些模型的好处”，第二段列举了LLMs在教育、医疗和商业领域的多项益处。A项“enhancingproductivityinbusinesses”（提高企业生产力）、C项“providingpersonalizedlearningexperiences”（提供个性化学习体验）和D项“assistingdoctorsindiagnosingillnesses”（协助医生诊断疾病）均在第二段提及。B项“generatinghuman-liketext”（生成类人文本）是LLMs的能力，也是其好处之一，但在第二段并未作为独立的好处列出，而是作为其整体能力的例子之一。因此，从第二段列出的具体好处来看，B项不是该段落强调的独立好处。3.B解析思路：根据上下文，“staggering”用来修饰LLMs的能力。后文描述了这些能力的具体表现，如生成文本、翻译语言、创作内容等，这些都是非常显著和强大的功能。B项“impressive”（令人印象深刻的）能够准确表达这种强大的、令人惊叹的能力，符合语境。A项“boring”（无聊的）、C项“dangerous”（危险的）和D项“expensive”（昂贵的）均与文意不符。4.A解析思路：第二段的主要观点是列举LLMs在多个领域（教育、医疗、商业）的应用及其带来的创新解决方案。A项“LLMscanrevolutionizemultiplesectorsbyofferinginnovativesolutions”（LLMs可以通过提供创新解决方案改变多个领域）准确概括了该段的核心内容。B项“thepotentialbenefitsofLLMsineducationandhealthcareareoverestimated”（LLMs在教育医疗领域的潜在好处被高估了）与第二段观点相反。C项“LLMsareprimarilyusefulforautomatingroutinetasksinbusinesses”（LLMs主要用于自动化企业中的日常任务）以偏概全。D项“theuseofLLMsinvariousfieldsisalreadywidespreadandwell-established”（LLMs在各个领域的使用已经广泛且成熟）文中未提及。5.B解析思路：第三段明确提到了对LLMs的两个主要担忧：“Onemajorconcernistheissueofbias”（一个主要担忧是偏见问题）和“Theenvironmentalimpactoftrainingandrunningthesemodels”（训练和运行这些模型的环境影响）。A项“thehighcostofdevelopingandmaintainingthesemodels”（开发和维护这些模型的高成本）是可能的挑战，但不是文中重点强调的。C项“theabilityofLLMstogeneratecreativecontent”（LLMs生成创意内容的能力）是LLMs的功能，不是担忧。D项“thedisplacementofhumanworkersincertainindustries”（人类工人在某些行业的流失）在第四段提到，但第三段主要强调的是偏见和环境问题。因此，B项最符合原文。6.B解析思路：第四段提出解决方案：“Tomitigatetheserisks,stakeholdersincludinggovernments,techcompanies,andresearchersneedtocollaborate”（为了降低这些风险，包括政府、科技公司和研究人员的利益相关者需要合作）。紧接着，第四段后半部分提到“RegulatoryframeworksshouldbeestablishedtoensuretransparencyandaccountabilityinAIsystems”（应建立监管框架，以确保AI系统的透明度和问责制）。这表明通过“publiceducation”（公共教育）来提高人们对AI及其伦理影响的理解，是解决问题的一种方式，符合合作和负责任的态度。A项“RestrictingtheuseofAItechnologiestospecificsectorsonly”（仅将AI技术的使用限制在特定领域）过于绝对。C项“developingLLMsthatarelesscapabletoreducetheriskofmisuse”（开发能力较低以减少误用的LLMs）与LLMs的发展方向不符。D项“focusingsolelyontheenvironmentalimpactofAIoperations”（仅关注AI运营的环境影响）忽视了其他风险。7.C解析思路：第三段提到“SinceLLMsaretrainedonvastamountsofdata,theycaninadvertentlyperpetuateexistingbiasespresentinthatdata”（由于LLMs是在大量数据上进行训练的，它们可能会无意中继续存在数据中存在的现有偏见）。根据上下文，“perpetuate”的意思是使（某事物）持续存在，与“continue”（继续）的意思最为接近。A项“improve”（改进）、B项“change”（改变）和D项“eliminate”（消除）均与文意不符。8.C解析思路：文章在讨论LLMs的同时，也提到了其带来的风险和挑战，并在最后一段呼吁通过合作和行动来解决这些问题。这表明作者认为LLMs会继续发展，并且这个过程伴随着机遇和风险。C项“AIwillcontinuetoevolve,bringingbothopportunitiesandrisks”（AI将继续发展，带来机遇和风险）准确反映了文章的整体基调。A项“AItechnologieswillbecomeobsoleteinthenearfuture”（AI技术将在不久的将来过时）与文意相反。B项“theethicalchallengesofAIwilloutweighitsbenefits”（AI的伦理挑战将超过其益处）过于绝对。D项“thedevelopmentofAIwillslowdownduetoethicalconcerns”（由于伦理问题，AI的发展将放缓）文中未提及。9.C解析思路：文章第四段明确指出，“ethicalAIdevelopmentrequirescollaborationamongvariousstakeholders”（负责任的AI发展需要利益相关者的合作）。这与C项“EthicalAIdevelopmentrequirescollaborationamongvariousstakeholders”（负责任的AI发展需要利益相关者的合作）完全一致。A项“Largelanguagemodelshavenopracticalapplicationsinreal-worldscenarios”（大型语言模型在现实场景中没有实际应用）与文章内容不符。B项“thebenefitsofLLMsineducationandhealthcarearelimitedandcontroversial”（LLMs在教育医疗领域的益处是有限的且有争议的）与第二段观点不符。D项“theenvironmentalimpactofAIismoresignificantthanitspotentialbenefits”（AI的环境影响比其潜在益处更显著）是可能的担忧，但不是文章的核心观点。10.C解析思路：通读全文，作者在介绍LLMs的强大能力和潜在风险后，并没有完全支持或反对，而是平衡地讨论了其利弊，并强调了负责任的发展和合作的重要性。C项“Balanced,acknowledgingbothbenefitsandchallenges”（平衡的，承认益处和挑战）最能体现作者的态度。A项“Entirelysupportive,seeingnopotentialdownsides”（完全支持的，看不到任何潜在的缺点）与作者讨论风险的态度不符。B项“Predominantlycritical,focusingonlyontherisks”（主要是批判性的，只关注风险）也与作者平衡的讨论不符。D项“Indifferent,believingLLMsarenotworththediscussion”（冷漠的，认为LLMs不值得讨论）与作者花费篇幅讨论LLMs的态度不符。1.B解析思路：根据上下文，“Lastweekend,Ifoundmyselfinthemiddleofabustlingcity,lostinthecrowdandoverwhelmedbythenoise.”后面描述了作者走到河边，“totakeamomenttobreatheandsoakintheatmosphere.”“Strolling”意为“悠闲地散步”，符合作者在喧嚣城市中寻求片刻宁静时的状态。A项“Walking”意为“行走”，过于普通。C项“Running”意为“跑步”，与语境不符。D项“Hopping”意为“跳跃”，不符合语境。2.B解析思路：描述河面，“shiningwiththereflectionsofthepassingboatsandthevibrantlightsofthecity.”“Glittering”意为“闪闪发光的”，用来形容河面上反射的灯光和船只，非常贴切。A项“Shining”意为“发光的”，但不如“glittering”能体现河面上光芒闪烁的效果。C项“Scattering”意为“散落的”，不符合语境。D项“Dancing”意为“跳舞的”，不符合语境。3.A解析思路：描述孩子们，“agroupofchildrenwasplayingnearthewater