2025年考研英语真题及答案解析

2025考研英语(一)真题及答案解析

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextoChoosethebestword(s)for

eachnumberedblankandmark[A]z[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1

(10points)

InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoung

male。Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhis

friends,—l_thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmakeroA

youngmancan_2—alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto

_3_themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman'sparentsmaytakethe

choiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection,,__4_,

agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechoseno5_aspousehas

beenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildis

marrying_6_agoodfamilyo

ThetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffairoFormerlyitlastedth

reedays,_7_1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalfoBuddhi

stpriestsofferashortsermonand_8_prayersofblessingoPar—tsofth

eceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,

_9_cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride'sandgroom,

swrists,and_10_acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespe

ctedcouplestoblessthe_ll_oNewlywedstraditionallymoveinwith

thewife

'sparentsandmay_12_withthemuptoayear,_13_theycanbuild

anewhousenearbyo

Divorceislegalandeasyto_14_,butnotcommonoDivorced

personsare_15_withsomedisapprovaLEachspouseretains16

propertyheorshe_17—intothemarriage,andjointly-acquired

propertyis_18—equallyoDivorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagender

J

prejudice_19_upoThedivorcedmaledoesnthaveawaitingperiod

beforehecanremarry_20_thewomanmustwaittenmonthso

1、A.bywayofB.withregardtoC.onbehalfofD.aswella

2、A.decideonB.provideforC.competewithD.adaptto

3、A.closeB.arrangeC.renew0.postpone

4、A.IntheoryB.AboveallC.IntimeD.Forexample

5、A.UnlessB.LessC.AfterD.Although

6、A.intoB.withinC.fromD.through

7、A.orB.sinceC.butD.so

8、A.testB.copyC.reciteD.create

9、A.foldingB.pilingC.wrappingD.tying

10、A.passingB.lightingC.hidingD.serving

11、A.associationB.meetingC.collectionD.union

12、A.dealB.partC.growD.live

13、A.whereasB.untilC.forD.if

14、A.avoidB.followC.challengeD.obtain

15、A.isolatedB.persuadedC.viewedD.exposed

16、A.whereverB.whateverC.wheneverD.however

17、A.changedB.broughtC.shapedD.pushed

18、A.investedB.dividedC.donatedD.withdrawn

19、A.warmsB.clearsC.showsD.breaks

20、A.whileB.sothatC.onceD.inthat

1.［标准答案］［D］aswellas

［考点分析］此题考察规律关系

［选项分析］由于考察规律关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分

析：文章身处大环境之中,这是一个明显的并列关系,表

notonly....obutalso

示"不仅……而且......"该空与前一句"hisparentsandhisfriends"也是并列关

系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关〃所以答案只能是。

Daswellase

A.bywayof通过B.withregardto关于C.onbehalfof代表

2.［标准答案］［A］decideon

［考点分析］上下文语义

［选项分析］依据该句的主语ayoungman与宾语alikelyspouse的关系,

答案只能是A。decideon打算。表示自己打算自己的对象。B。providefor

为……供给预备与...竞争适用

CocompetewithDeadaptto

3.［标准答案］［B］arrange

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词辨析

［选项分析］该句意思为，他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母____相关

事务。四个选项中，关闭更；恢复"推迟〃，语

AocloseCrenewDpostpone

义不正确，只有Barrange安排是符合语境。

4.［标准答案］［A］Intheory

［考点分析］上下文语义

［选项分析］规律推断题。主要是看前后两句的含义，前面是说〃他可以自己选

择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的

对象。"空格后面说〃女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。”这两句之间没有举例

说明的关系，且有一个may,更证明A。Intheory的正确性。而其他选项B。

最重要的是，准时举例，均不符合题

AboveallCoIntimeDoForexample

意。

5.［标准答案］［C］After

［考点分析］上下文语义

［选项分析］依据下文"aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamily

investigatestheother……〃知道，只有对象选择好后，父母才会去调查争论对方

的背景。所以只有才对。其他选项A。除非，否则以免,

afterUnlessBoLest

生怕D。Although尽管都不符合题意。

6」标准答案］［A］into

［考点分析］上下文语义及介词词义辨析

［选项分析］这里主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配。这里marryinto就

是指嫁到，而其他选项均没有这层含义。

7.［标准答案］［C］but

［考点分析］规律关系题

［选项分析］依据上文,说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长，但是到了1980s,婚礼只

持续一天半。所以与前文发生转变。因此要选择but转折关系。

8.［标准答案］［C］recite

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］空格处需要填一个动词，和后面的prayersofblessing所搭配，C

选项recite为背诵的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为"为祈祷者做祈福"。

9.［标准答案］［Drying

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题需要依据上下文语义分析，空格处需要搭配后文〃棉花线头〃，

纵观四个选项［A］折叠

［B］积存［C］包裹［D］系上，依据选项含义，只有D和后文的〃棉花线头〃搭配

最为合理。

10.［标准答案］［A］passing

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题依据选项［A］传递［B］点亮［C］隐蔽［D］效劳，原文空格需要填写

一个动词与后文"aroundacircle"来搭配，译为〃将蜡烛传一圈"，故［A］传递

为正确选项。

11.［标准答案］［D］union

［考点分析］名词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题依据选项［A］协会，社团［B］会议，会面［C］集合［D］结合。本句

语义为”这些受敬重的夫妻祈祷…"依据语境，结婚是一种夫妻二人的结合，因此，

选项［D］结合更符合语境。

12.［标准答案］［D］live

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题比较简洁。依据语义“依据传统，婚夫妇要搬到妻子父母家，与

父母______一年〃依据语境，应为［D］居住为最正确答案。

13」标准答案］

［考点分析］时间规律关系

［选项分析］依据原文/他们在四周建筑一栋居子〃［A］然而［B］直到［C］

为［D］假设结合语境，［B］直到最符合原文语境，搭配最为合理。

14.［标准答案］［Dgbtain

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］Divorceislegalandrelativelyeasyto_14.,butnot

common。该句句意为离婚是合法的且相对简洁___。A.avoid避开B.follow跟

随C.chanllenge挑战，质疑D.obtain获得。这里消灭and,所以对于离婚这件

事不行能是避开或是挑战，但是跟随和离婚之间语义不符，但是获得离婚〔的批准）

是可以的。选D。

15.［标准答案］［D］viewed

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析_

［选项分析］Divorcedpersonsare_15—withsomedisapprovaL离婚的

人…一些不赞同。在段首，已经注明离婚是合法的且相对简洁得到批准，但是不常

见。这说明离婚在现实中确定是不太受到人们的欢送的，而接下来这句就说离婚的

人…一些不赞同。再看选项Aisolated孤立B.persuaded劝告C.viewed看做D。

exposed接触，受到…的影响C选项固定搭配被认为,放进。

16.［标准答案］［B］whatever

［考点分析］语法

［选项分析Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe_17—into

themarriage,17个空对应的都是动词，所以该句意思为：夫妇双方保有…财产，

这个财产是他或她…〔动词〕进婚姻的。结合选项Awhenever”无论何地；任何

〔地方〕=anyplacewhere［定从〕"。Bwhatever"无论什么；任何〔东西〕

=anythingthat/any+Nthat"。Cwhenever无论何时；任何〔时间二anytime

when)Dhowever无论如何；无论多么。依据语义,这里应当不是让步的关系,

而且填的这个词还要能修饰property。因此，选择B=retainsanypropertythat

heorshe...o

17.［标准答案］［B］brought

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词义辨析

［选项分析］Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe_17—into

themarriage，结合选项Achanged"转变"。Bbrought"带来"。Cshaped

〃形成〃Dpushed〃推，逼迫〃。结合语境只有B符合，把财产带入婚姻。

18.［标准答案］［B］divided

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词义辨析

［选项分析］结合选项

…andjointly-acquiredpropertyis_18_equallyoA

invested投资。［B］divided平分［C］donated捐赠［D］withdrawn撤出,提取。

依据语义应当是共同财产被〔夫妻双方〕平分。

19.标准答案］©shows

［考点分析］动词固定搭配

［选项分析］Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice

该句语义为离过婚的人或许会再婚，但是性别偏见…。结合选项。

_19_up0A

warm(up)加热B.clear(up)变晴C.show(up)显现D.break(up)分

裂，分开；，明显C是正确选项。

20.［标准答案］［AJwhile

［选项分析］上下文语义

［考点分析］很明显的两类人的比照比较关系。只能选择while。

［真题翻译］在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是一个简洁的问题。这不

仅与他本人以及将来伴侣的父母朋友相关，而且与媒婆也有着千丝万缕的关系。他可

以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务,或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选

择自己的对象。理论上来说，女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。在选好自己的对

象后，每个家庭都能会去调查对方家庭来确保他们的孩子嫁到好人家。

传统的婚礼是一段漫长，多姿多彩的过程。从前会持续三天，但是到了20世

纪80年月，一般会持续一天半。佛教徒通常会做简短诵经，并为人祈福。仪式通

常包括剪发，在郎娘的胳膊上系上浸满圣水的棉绳，在幸福的、受人敬重的

夫妇中传递蜡烛来祈祷人的结合。通常状况下，婚夫妇会到妻子父母家里住一年，直

到他们在四周建一栋居子为止。

离婚是合法的，而且很简洁获得批准，但是在实际中这种状况并不常见。离过

婚的男女会受到一些人的诟病。夫妇双方在离婚后可保有他或她婚前带来的财产，

而且可平分婚后共同取得的财产。离过婚的人或许会再婚，但是性别偏见还是很明显。

比方，离过婚的男性再婚前不需要一段等待期而女性则需要等待十个月。

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts0Answerthequestionsafter

eachtextbychoosingA,B,CorDoMarkyouranswersonANSWER

SHEETlo(40points)

Textl

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,has

decideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysical

beautyforwomenoItslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoa

lawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways0

Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”

bypromotingextremedietingo

SuchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotivesoTheysuggest

beautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealtho

That'sastartoAndthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyond

protectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehave

doneoIttellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthe

signalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocial

tape-measuretheymustuselodeterminetheirindividualwortho

Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen[andmany

men)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeautyoAnd

perhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalities

likecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroor

wasp-waistphysiques。

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishment

tochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-and

bone-showing。Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeet

agovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fine

andsixmonthsinprisono

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingon

materialadornmentandidealizedbodytypesoInDenmark,theUnited

States,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandards

formodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressurefor

enforcemento

IncontrasttoFrance,sactions,Denmark1sfashionindustryagreed

lastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andother

characteristicsofmodelsoThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthical

Charterclearlystates:"Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityforthe

impactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoung

people"oThecharter'smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfor

designersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek(CFW),

whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute0Butingeneralitreliesona

name-and-shamemethodofcomplianceo

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseof

bodyidealsmaybethebeststepoEvenbetterwouldbetohelpelevate

notionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticular

industry。

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Physicalbeautywouldbe「edefined。

[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructedo

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthriveo

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline。

22.Thephrase"impingingon”(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaning

to

[A]heighteningthevalueof

[B]indicatingthestateof

[C]losingfaithin

[D]doingharmto

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailedo

[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmarko

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure,

[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworseo

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmoderscharacter0

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodelso

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry*sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

21答案APhysicalbeautywouldberedefined

解析：这是­逢呻题，依据France定位到第一段第TJ,主干成分为France

此外其次段其次句

haslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyoThey

suggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinebylooks...故而Aphysicalbeauty

wouldberedefined为同义替换，即为正确答案。

22答案Ddoingharmto

解析：此题为词义题。定位?惧次段其次句Theysuggestbeautyshouldnot

依据可以看

bedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealthoendup

出beautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooks和thatendupimpingingon

health为顺承关系，所以〃转变人们对美不仅仅是外表的定义”可以完毕对安康的

危害。故而可以推知doingharmto是正确答案。

23答案BNewStandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

解析：此题是正误推断题。的居第五次句话

InDenmarkz...itistryingto

setvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion…可知B选项Newstandards

arebeingsetinDenmark是其同义替换。

24答案Cshowinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

解析：细节题。一个设计师很可能由于什么缘由被CFW拒绝，依据关键词可

回到文中定位至倒数其次段，首句说丹麦的时尚界就有关模特的年龄，安康及其他特

性的内容达成全都意见,切一项法案也明确规定，他们已经意识到时尚界对于人们尤

其是年轻人的身体安康所带来的影响，并且该对此负责，接着下一句就说，这一法

规的执行方式就是拒绝一些设计师，由于可以推断设计师很可能由于不考虑身体安康

因素而被CFW拒绝。

25答案DAchallengetotheFashionIndustry,sBodyIdeals

解析：主旨题。本文从首段就开头阐述法国的观点，即时尚界已经失去了定义

女性身体之美的权利，且议会也制止网站通过宣传过度节食来强调过度消瘦。二段连

续说明秀丽不能只看夕俵更不能以牺牲安康为代价。三段说女性不该让他人来评

判自己的秀丽。以及后面的段落中也始终在不断说明一点，即安康很重要，不能只

看外表。所以文章最正确标题应当是D,对时尚界完善身材的质疑。

Text2

Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthe

。

countryInBritainthishashadacuriousresultoWhilepollsshowBritons

rate"thecountryside0alongsidetheroyalfamily,Shakespeareandthe

NationalHealthSerivce(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheir

country,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport。

AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescue

stylishhousesbuttosave"thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryone

forever,/°Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisure

wheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingairo“HilTspressurelaterled

tocreationofnationalparksandgreenbeltsoTheydon'tmake

countrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofitoIt

needsconstantguardianshipo

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethis

sentimentoTheconservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesrural

developmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorising“off-plan”

buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobjectoTheconceptofsustainable

developmenthasbeendefinedasprofitableoLabourlikewisewantsto

discontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopmentoThe

LiberalDemocratsaresilentOnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwith

thosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenlandoIts

CampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocal

conservativeparties.,

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswhere

peopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplaceoThe

LondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfa

millionhousesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelto

WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces,.

Theideathat“housingcrisis"equals“concretedmeadows"ispure

lobbytalk。Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,

wheretoputthemoUnderlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursrural

new-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewaLHefavoursout-of-town

shoppingsitesagainsthighstreets。Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiased

one。RuraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrovyTheydo

sobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter,,

WedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbeplanned,notletripoAfter

theNetherlands,BritainisEurope*smostcrowedcountryoHalfacentury

oftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviablerural

coherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanlivingoThereisno

doubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,

SpainorIreland0Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitethe

leftandrightofthepoliticalspectrumo

26.Britain1spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

[A]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHSO

[B]didn'tstarttilltheShakespeareanageo

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily0

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpoliticso

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrust

arenowbeing

[A]graduallydcstroycdo

[B]effectivelyreinforcedo

[C]properlyprotectedo

[D]largelyovershadowed0

28.whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

[A]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservationo

[B]theConservativesmayabandon"off-plan"buildingo

[C]theLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence。

[D]labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopmento

29.theauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne*spreference

[A]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareaso

[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas0

[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisise

[D]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressureo

30.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof

[A]thesizeofpopulationinBritaino

[BtheenviableurbanlifestyleinBritaino

[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritaino

[D]thepoliticallifeintodayisBritaino

26答案Disnotwellreflectedinpolitics

解析：细节题。精读题干，划出关键词。依据题干回到原文准确定位到首段最

终一句，该句中的polls民意调查对应题干中的publicsentiment,定位答案处为

"thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport"z意思为这在政治支持方面是有限的。与

D选项"在政治上没有得到很好的反响〃为同义替换。

27答案Dlargelyovershadowed

解析：细节题。依据题干，题干中消灭大写theNationalTrust,定位到其次

段首句theNationalTrust该句。二段首句只是对Hill的该工程做介绍，需向后

看影响。往下可以读到HilPspressure这句，写到〃Hill的工程制造出国家公园

和绿地。他们不再制造乡村了，而且每年钢筋混凝土消耗的乡村越来越多。乡村需

要长期的保护〃。对应选项，该工程的成就很大程度上被夺取了光辉。

28答案AUkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation

解析：推断题。题干问的是从第三段能推出什么，考察的是相应段落的段落中

心。观看选虾难觉察，选项中都是大写的

IUkip,TheConservativeszTheLiberal

Democrats.Labour。可依据选项中的大写回段落中查找，觉察Ukip所在的定位

句为Only的倒装强调句〔倒装强调句往往为答案所在处〕。该句子意思是：只有

Ukip意识到其时机，并支持这些人。和选项A对应一下，Ukip可能能从其对农村

保护的支持中获得好处，是同义替换。

29答案BShowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas

解析：细节题问的是作者对于奥斯本的偏好〔观点〕的具体看法。依据关键词

奥斯本定位至第五段，由于问的是作者对于奥斯本观点的看法,所以只需要看在奥斯

本的观点之后作者的表达内容，第五段倒数两句话就是作者表达自己观点的地方，即

〃我们没有破坏城m中受SJ网户的地方〃，〃你们为什么要破坏乡村的呢？〃这就说明

奥斯本一方的观点是要破坏乡村环境。所以可得出答案是奥斯本想法说明了他对于乡

村人们的无视。

30答案Cthe-town-and-countryplanninginBritain

解析：依据题干定位到最终一段，问的是作者赏识赞同什么，作者的观点即是

文章末段的段落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避开this会将左右党派联系

起来，this代词指代指代上句中所提到的内容。Should即作者赞同的地方，也就

是作者赞同的是城乡结合。

TEXT3

“Thereisonandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness,“wrote

MiltonFriedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,“Thatis,touseits

resourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofitso"But

evenifyouacceptFnedman*spremiseandregardcorporatesocial

responsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders'money,things

maynotbeabsolutelyclear-cut。NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmay

createmonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleastwhentheyareprosecutedfor

corruptiono

ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15

billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm。

Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways。First,consumers

maytakeCSRspendingasa“signal"thatacompany1sproductsareof

highqualityoSecond,customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany*s

productsasanindirectwaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelpsoAnd

third,throughamoredi仟use“haloeffect,Mwherebyitsgooddeedsearn

itgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandotherso

PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbee

auseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthreeoAlrecentstudyattemptsto

separatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica/

sForeignCorruptPracticesAct[FCPA]oItarguesthatsinceprosecutor

sdonotconsumeacompany/

sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlyb

ythehaloeffecto

Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostco

mprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties,0T

heiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirm1spoliticalinfluence,

ratherthantheir

CSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontribute

dmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfineso

Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluat

eacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompan

y'

srecordinCSRO"\Neestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabo

ur-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategiving

byabout20%resultsinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypical

punishmentforbribingforeignofficials”,saysoneresearchero

Researchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhow

muchbusinessesoughttospendonCSRONordoesitrevealhowmuchc

ompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossible

benefits,whentheydecidetheirdo-goodingpoliciesoButatleastthey

havedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,e

videnceofgoodcharactercanwinthemlesscostlypunishmento

31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman/sstatementaboutCSRwith

[A]toleranceo

IBJskepticismo

[C]uncertaintyo

[D]approvalo

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby

[A]winningtrustfromconsumerso

[B]guardingitagainstmalpracticeso

[C]protectingitfrombeingdefamedo

[D]raisingthequalityofitsproductso

〃

33eTheexpression“morelenient[line2,para.4)isclosestin

meaningto

[A]moreeffective

[B]lesscontroversial

[C]lesssevere

[D]morelasting

,

34OWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompanysCSRregard

[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision

[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence

[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized

[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation

35.Whichofthefollowingistrue

ofCSR,accordingtothelastparagraph?

[A]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked。

[B]Thenecessaryamountofcompanies'spendingonitisunknown。

7

[C]Companiesfinancialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimatedo

[D]Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustryo

31答案BSkepticism

解析：作者观点态度题。题干问的是作者对有关CSR方面MiltonFriedman

的说法是什么态度。依据大写MiltonFriedman这个人定位到定位到首段首句。

留意题干问的是作者的看法，因此定位到后一句but转折处。转折处的主题句式

，作者持的是否认态度，选择答案

"thingsmaynotabsolutelyclear-cut"Bo

C选项是作者态度不明确，不能选择。

32答案Awinningtrustfromconsumers

解析：依据题干找S其次段。依据其次段内容，CSRcouldaddvaluetotheir

从而定位下面三点。后面消灭了

businessinthreewaysoFirsthighquality,

但是它是在从句中，从句修饰"signal",而本句谓语动词是take，与D中raising

并不是同义词，故排解。Second,和third都与消费者购置心态有关，和A选项

winningtrustfromconsumers相对应。而B,C选项的malpractices和

defamed在原文中并未消灭，且没有同义词，故排解。

33答案Clesssevere

解析：依据题干找到第四段对应处。可见题干的morelenient是作为修饰

penalties〔惩罚〕的，故推想本句在争论CSR和penalties有什么联系。而本

段与惩罚相关的词只有最终一个词fines〔罚金〕，修饰它的形容词是lower,故

可推想morelenient与降低惩罚有关，只有C选项满足。

34答案Ahasanimpactontheirdecision

解析：题干中问的是CSRrecord与prosecutorsevaluateacase的关系，

依据题干内容到对应点：第五段第一句。本句说,oootheydoseemtobe

这里的与选项

influencedbyacompanyrecoreinCSRObeinfluencedA

hasanimpact对应，应选A。而B选项中的reliableevidence,C选项中的

thechanceofbeingpenalized在原文中没有表达。D选项中的investigation

与题干中的Whenprosecutorsevaluateacase明显对应不上，故不予考虑。

35答案BThenecessaryamountofcompanies*spendingonitis

unknown

解析：该题是一道推断题，题干问的是有关CSR哪个是对的。先依据CSR回

到最终一段，定位到末段首句。首句提到"争论人员成认到其争论没有答复如下问

题：公司应当在CSR方面花费多少钱"。选项B的意思是公司在其方面的花费是

未知的，属于原文的同义替换。

Text4

TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasesto

publishstoriesonnewsprintoExactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterof

debateo“Sometimeinthefuture”,thepaper'spublishersaidbackin

2025o

Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofsaside,there'splenty

ofincentivetoditchprint0Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysical

newspaper—printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn'tjustexpensive;

it'sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon'thavethe

samesetoffinancialconstraintsoReadersaremigratingawayfromprint

awayoAndthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobile

counterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldecliningo

Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminate

itsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJoahPeretti0

PerettisaystheTimesshouldn't