湖南省2026-2027学年普通高中学业水平模拟英语试卷（含答案）

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页湖南省2026-2027年普通高中学业水平模拟考试英语本试卷包括阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分。时量90分钟,满分100分。第一部分阅读技能(共两节,满分45分)第一节阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分,满分36分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B.C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AArecentstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofCincinnati,ledbyDr.AlbertoEspay,challengesthecommonideathatmonoclonal-antibodies(单克隆抗体)helpslowdownmemorylossinAlzheimer’spatientsbyremovingamyloid-plaques(淀粉样斑块).Instead,thestudyshowsthatanunexpectedincreaseinakeybrainprotein,calledamyloid-beta42(Aβ42),ismorecloselylinkedtoimprovementsinthinkingability.ThisresearchwaspublishedinthejournalBrainonSeptember11.Formanyyears,expertsbelievedthatamyloid-plaques,whichformfromAβ42,harmthebrainandcauseAlzheimer’sdisease.However,Dr.Espayandhisteamsuggestadifferenttheory.Theybelievetherealproblemisthelossofsoluble(易溶解的)Aβ42,whichisimportantforkeepingbraincellshealthy,ratherthanthebuildupofplaques.PreviousresearchfromDr.Espay’sgroupshowedthatAlzheimer’ssymptomsappearwhenAβ42levelsfalltoolow,notwhenplaquelevelsarehigh.AccordingtoDr.Espay,theformationofamyloidplaquesmaybethebrain’snaturalwayofrespondingtostress,likechangesinmetabolism(代谢).Hepointsoutthatmanypeoplegetamyloid-plaquesastheyagebutdonotdevelopdementia(痴呆).Still,currenttreatmentsforAlzheimer’sfocusontheseplaques.Newmonoclonal-antibodytreatments,meanttoclearamyloid,haveshownbenefitsinclinicaltrials.Dr.Espay’steamstudieddatafromalmost26,000patientsin24clinicaltrialsoftheseantibodytreatments.TheyfoundthatthesetreatmentsalsoaccidentallyincreasedAβ42levels.ThissuggeststhattheimprovementinthinkingmaybebecauseofhigherAβ42levels,notbecauseofplaqueremoval.WhileraisingAβ42levelsseemshelpful,Dr.Espaywarnsthatremovingamyloidplaquescouldharmthebrainbymakingitshrinkfaster.HesuggestsfocusingontreatmentsthatraiseAβ42directly,withouttargetingamyloidplaques.“IncreasingAβ42isthegoal,”hesays,“butremovingamyloidmaynotbetherightwaytodoit.”1．What’sthecommonideaoftreatingAlzheimer’s?A．RaisingAβ42levels. B．Increasingneuronactivity.C．Reducingbrainshrinkage. D．Removingamyloid-plaques.2．WhatdoweknowaboutAβ42?A．ItisunrelatedtotheAlzheimer’s. B．Itisonlyharmfulwhenitformsplaques.C．ItslossmayleadtoAlzheimer’ssymptoms. D．Itdamagesbraincellswhenitslevelsarehigh.3．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A．Everyonewithamyloidplaquesdevelopsdementia.B．CurrentAlzheimer’streatmentsfocusonraisingAβ42levels.C．Amyloidplaquesmaybeaprotectiveresponsebythebrain.D．Removingamyloidplaquesguaranteesbettercognitivefunction.4．WhichofthefollowingwillDr.Espayagreewith?A．TreatmentsshouldfocusonraisingAβ42levels.B．RemovingamyloidplaqueswillpreventAlzheimer’s.C．AmyloidplaquesarethemaincauseofAlzheimer’sdisease.D．IncreasingAβ42levelsthroughamyloidremovalisalwayssafe.BAcademicstressmeanstheanxietyandpressurethatcomefromschoolandstudying.Itisoftenrelatedtohomework,exams,reading,andcompetitions.Studentswhocannotbalancetheirstudieswithfamily,friends,andsociallifeusuallyfeelmorestressedandmayevenloseinterestinlearning.Recently,researchersfromImperialCollegeLondoncarriedoutaresearchtostudyacademicstressamongseniorhighschoolstudents.Atotalof355studentsfrombothcitiesandruralareastookpartintheresearch.Thestudyshowedthat,outof355students,35students(10.02%)hadhighacademicstress,150students(42.53%)hadaveragestress,and69students(19.43%)hadlowstress.Thestudyalsofoundthatboysreportedmorestressthangirls,partlybecauseparentsoftenbelieveboysshouldbeabletotakecareoffamilybelongingsorbusinessinthefuture.Thestudyalsofoundthatstudentsincityschoolshadmorestressthanthoseinruralschools.Citystudentsoftenfacetoomuchhomework,projects,sports,andextraclasses.Teachersandparentswantthemtodowellineverything,expectthemtoperformseveraltasksatthesametime,andvaluethemmostlyfortheirachievements.Thisheavypressuremakesitdifficultforstudentstorelaxandenjoylearning.Dr.Henry,oneoftheresearchers,explainedthesignificanceofthestudy:“Ourfindingscanhelpteachersandparentsunderstandthesituationofacademicstressamongseniorhighschoolstudents.Teachersaresupposedtocreateacaringandsupportivelearningenvironmenttohelpstudentswiththeirstudyproblems.Parentsshouldencouragethemalongthewayandappreciatetheirchildren’shardwork,sothatstudentsfeelinspiredtoperformwellandexperiencelessstressindailylife.”5．Whatpercentageofthestudentssufferedfromacademicstress?A．10.02%. B．71.98%. C．42.53%. D．19.43%.6．Whatcanbeinferredabouteducationincityschools?A．Itfocusesmoreonachievements. B．Itvaluesstudents’mentalhealth.C．Itismorecreativeandinspiring. D．Itoffersmorefreedomtostudents.7．WhatdoesDr.Henrysuggestparentsdo?A．Expecttheirchildrentovaluetheirachievements.B．Helptheirchildrendealwiththeirstudyproblems.C．Createasupportivelearningenvironmentatschool.D．Appreciatetheirchildren’shardworkandinspirethem.8．Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A．Afashionmagazine. B．Aresearchjournal.C．Atravelguidebook. D．Asportsnewspaper.CMalaria,theworld’smostwidespreadparasitic(寄生虫引起的)disease,killsasmanyasthreemillionpeopleeveryyear—almostallofwhomareunderfive,verypoor,andAfrican.Inmostyears,morethanfivehundredmillioncasesofillnessresultfromthedisease,althoughexactnumbersaredifficulttoassessbecausemanypeopledon’t(orcan’t)seekcare.Itisnotunusualforafamilyearninglessthantwohundreddollarsayeartospendaquarterofitsincomeonmalariatreatment,andwhattheyoftengetnolongerworks.IncountrieslikeTanzania,Mozambique,andtheGambia,nofamily,village,hospital,orworkplacecanremainunaffectedforlong.Malariastartssuddenly,withviolentchills,whicharesoonfollowedbyanintensefeverand,often,headaches.Astheparasitesmultiply,theytakeovertheentirebody.Malariaparasiteslivebyeatingtheredbloodcellstheyinfect.Theycanalsoattachthemselvestobloodvesselsinthebrain.Ifitdoesn’tkillyou,malariacanhappenagainandagainforyears.Thediseasepassedontohumansbyfemalemosquitoesinfectedwithoneoffourspeciesofaparasite.Together,themosquitoandtheparasitearethedeadliestcoupleinthehistoryoftheearth—andoneofthemostsuccessful.Malariahasfivethousandgenes,anditsabilitytochangerapidlytodefenditselfandresistnewdrugshasmadeitnearlyimpossibletocontrol.Studiesshowthatmosquitoesarepassingonthevirusmorefrequently,andtherearemoreoutbreaksincitieswithlargepopulations.Someofthedisease’sspreadisduetoglobalwarming.Fordecades,thefirst-choicetreatmentformalariaparasitesinAfricahasbeenchloroquine,achemicalwhichisverycheapandeasytomake.Unfortunately,inmostpartsoftheworld,malariaparasiteshavebecomeresistanttoit.Successfulalternativesthathelppreventresistancearealreadyavailable,buttheyhavebeeninshortsupplyandareveryexpensive.Ifthesedrugsshouldfail,nobodyknowswhatwouldcomenext.9．Accordingtoparagraph1,manypeopledon’tseekcarebecause________.A．theyaretoopoor B．itisunusualtoseekcareC．theycanremainunaffectedforlong D．therearetoomanypeoplesufferingfromthedisease10．Whichofthefollowingmaybethereasonforthewidespreadofthedisease?A．Itsresistancetoglobalwarming. B．Itsabilitytopassonthevirusfrequently.C．Itsoutbreaksincitieswithlargepopulations. D．Itsabilitytodefenditselfandresistnewdrugs.11．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．nodrugshavebeenfoundtotreatthediseaseB．thealternativetreatmentisnoteasilyavailabletomostpeopleC．malariahasdevelopeditsabilitytoresistparasitesD．nobodyknowswhatwillbethedrugtotreatthedisease12．WhichofthefollowingquestionshasNOTbeendiscussedinthepassage?A．Howcanweknowoneissufferingfrommalaria?B．Howmanypeoplearekilledbymalariaeachyear?C．Whyaretheresomanypeoplesufferingfrommalaria?D．Whathasbeendonetokeeppeopleunaffectedforlong?第二节小标题填空(共3小题;每小题3分,满分9分)下面文章中有3处(第13~15题)需要组加小标题,请从以下选项(A、B.C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并在答疆卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑，选项中有一项是多余选项。HowtoKeepYourMemoryHealthyStrugglingtorecallamemorythatfeelsjustoutofreachcanbefrustrating,inconvenientand,attimes,embarrassing.Thankfully,therearewaystohelpboostyourmemoryandkeepyourrecallsharp.Besidesgettingagoodnight’ssleepandreadingabook,thefollowingthreemightalsobebettertipsforyou.13Itmightseemsurprising,butoneofthebestwaystokeepyourbrainactiveistokeepyourbodyinmotion.Exerciseimprovesbloodflowtothebrain,helpingtokeepyourbraincellshealthyandhappy.Studiesshowthataslittleas15minutesofexercisecanleadtoobservableimprovementsincognition(认知)andmemory.Regularexercise—between75and150minutesperweek—hasbeentiedtoimprovedmemoryfunctioninadults.14Mess,bothphysicalandmental,cannegativelyimpactyourabilitytorememberthings.Ifyoukeepyourworkingandlivingspacestidy,it’seasiertorememberwhereyousetyourphone,keys,orwallet.Similarly,aplannercanhelpkeepyoumentallyorganized,makingiteasiertorememberappointments,tasks,andotherresponsibilities.15Yourdietcanimpactmanyaspectsofyourlife,includingyourneurologicalfunction.Nutritious,vitamin-rich(富含维生素的)foods,suchasfreshfruitandvegetables,cangiveyourbrainthefuelitneedstokeepfunctioningasitshould.A．Trytostayorganized.

B．Stayphysicallyactive.C．Eatawell-balanceddiet.

D．GetplentyofvitaminsBandD．第二部分知识运用(共两节,满分25分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文。掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JenniferJones,ateenagegirl,toldfriendsinhermorningPElessonthatshewasfeelingunwell.Shethenpassedoutandwasrushedto16.Jenniferwasfoundtohavedangerouslylowbloodsugarlevelsandwas17immediatelybydoctors.Herworriedparentstoldthedoctorthattheirdaughter18breakfastthatdayandhardlytouchedherdinnerthenightbefore.Actually,Jenniferhadnoteatenbreakfastformonthsbecauseshethoughtskippingmealswasasimplewaytoreachhertarget19.Therefore,shealwayshadtroubleconcentratinginclass.20,sheisnowoutofdanger.Jennifer’scaseisareminderofthedangersoftheunhealthyweight-losshabits.Nowadays,beingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful,21teenagerssometimesturntoextrememethodsto22quickly.Accordingtoarecentsurveyofseniorhighschoolstudents’lifestyles,almost20%ofteenagersregularlyskipmeals,10%over-exerciseand4%even23weight-lossmedicine.Healthexpertsareconcernedaboutthesefigures.Also,theypointoutthatitisimportanttohaveahealthybalanced24sinceteenagersarestillgrowingandtheirbodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell.What’smore,theyshouldkeepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostay25andhealthy.16．A．hospital B．school C．church D．gym17．A．praised B．treated C．punished D．taught18．A．enjoyed B．shared C．missed D．prepared19．A．height B．width C．weight D．length20．A．Sadly B．Suddenly C．Regretfully D．Fortunately21．A．so B．because C．but D．if22．A．slimdown B．breakdown C．showup D．makeup23．A．avoid B．sell C．make D．take24．A．sleep B．diet C．time D．speed25．A．tired B．lazy C．energetic D．busy第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案转写到答题卡上。TheForbiddenCity,alsoknownasthePalaceMuseum,isahottouristattraction.Builtin1420,thepalacerecordedlivesofimportantpeoplethroughvariousrelicsanddocuments.TheForbiddenCitymadeatwo-daybroadcast26(celebrate)its600thbirthdayinApril,2020.Themuseumcanprovidealargeamountof27(value)materialfortoday’shistoricalresearch,aswellasinspirationforliteratureandentertainment.Inaddition28alookatthehistory,theForbiddenCityisalsocreativeintermsofmarketing.Overthelastdecade,themuseum29(produce)morethan10,000culturalproductsfeaturingtheimperial(皇家的)palaceand30(it)exhibits(展品),fromfans,notebookstoappsandcosmetics(化妆品).Themostpopularproductsaretheonesthatfeaturetheroyalcats.Thecatproductsare31(real)inspiredbythecatswhocalltheForbiddenCityhome.Morethan200catsarelivinginthepalacewheretheyarebeingwell32(care)for.Thesesmallcuteanimalsoftenwalkaroundfreelyandposecutelytomake33(visit)laugh,whosometimescanplaywiththem.“Therealreason34thePalaceMuseumhasbecomesopopularamongpeopleisthatitkeepstherightbalance(平衡)amongpreserving(保留)history,sharingknowledge,andprovidinginterestinginteractiveshows,”ShanJixiang,formerdirectorandcurator(馆长)of35museum,toldChinaDaily.第三部分写作技能(共两节,满分30分)第一节双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)Americansarecarefulabouthowandwhentheymeetoneanother’seyes.36.Intheirnormalconversation,eacheyecontactlastsonlyaboutasecondbeforeoneorbothpersonslookaway.WhentwoAmericanslooksearchinglyintoeachother’seyes,emotionsareheightenedandtherelationshipbecomesmoreclose.37.因此，他们小心翼翼地避免这种情况，exceptinproperoccasions.Properstreet-behaviorsintheUnitedStatesrequireanicebalanceofattentionandinattention.Youaresupposedtolookatapasser-byjustenoughtoshowthatyou’reawareofhispresence.38.如果你注视得不够，会显得你过于高傲。Ifyoulooktoomuch,youaretoocurious.Usuallywhathappensisthatpeoplewatcheachotheruntiltheyareabouteightfeetapart,39.atwhichpointbothlowertheireyes.InEnglandthepolitelistenerstaresatthespeakerattentivelyandflasheshiseyesoccasionallyasasignofinterest.ThatexpressionsaysnothingtoAmericans,40.whoexpectthelistenertonodortowhispersomething—suchas“mm-hum”.第二节情景作文(共1小题,满分20分)41．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信询问你的高中英语学习情况，请你根据以下要点回信：学习内容（如词汇、语法、阅读等）；学习中遇到的困难（如听力薄弱）；未来的学习计划（如多听英语材料）。要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________