临床医学本科外科学考试试卷a卷转（Clinical medicine undergraduate surgery examination papers a roll）

临床医学本科外科学考试试卷a卷转(Clinicalmedicine

undergraduatesurgeryexaminationpapersaroll)

ClinicalmedicineundergraduatesurgeryexaminationpapersA

roll

Clinicalmedicineundergraduatesurgeryexaminationpaper

(Avolume)

Amultiple-choicequestion(eachof1points,atotalof80

points)

TypeAproblem

Eachexaminationquestionhasfivealternativeanswers:A,B,

C,D,andE.Inanswer,onlytochoosethemostappropriateone

fromtheanswer,andtheanswerwillbethecorresponding

questionnumbercorrespondingtothecorrespondingletter,the

correctanswer.

1.theearliestchangeofECGinhyperkalemiais

A.Uwave

B.Twaveheightandtip

C.QRSbroadening

ProlongationofD.P-Rinterval

ProlongationofE.Q-Tinterval

2.whenthebloodtransfusionsuddenlyappearsshivers,the

highfever,thelowbackache,hasthehemoglobinurine,should

takeimmediately

A.stoppedtransfusions

B.slowstherateofbloodtransfusion

C.physicalcooling

D.analgesia

E.wasgivenpromethazine

3.,todeterminetheshockhasbeencorrected,inadditionto

normalbloodpressure,urinevolumeatleastperhourshould

bestable

A.25mlabove

B.30mlabove

C.40mlabove

D.50mlabove

E.60mlabove

4.themainpathologicaldamageformofacuterenalfailureis

A.acuteglomerularnecrosis

B.acuterenaltubularnecrosis

C.acutecorticalnecrosisofthekidney

D.acuterenalmedullarynecrosis

E.acuterenalischemia

5.,theheart,lung,liver,kidneyandotherorgansare

seriouslydiseasedandfunctionaldecompensationbelongsto

them

A.ASAI

B.ASAIIclass

C.ASAIII

D.ASAIV

E.ASAVclass

6.respiratoryfunctionmonitoring,thenormalvalueofvital

capacityandtheneedformechanicalventilationindications

were

A.25〜35ml/kg,<15,ml/kg

B.35〜45ml/kg,<15,ml/kg

C.45〜55ml/kg,<15,ml/kg

D.55~65ml/kg,<15,ml/kg

E.65~75ml/kg,<15,ml/kg

7.whenbrainresuscitationisappliedatlowtemperatures,how

muchisthenasopharyngealtemperaturedowntoCelsius?

A.37~36DEGC

B.35~33DEGC

C.32〜31DEGC

D.30~29DEGC

E.28~27DEGC

8.seamremovaltime,thefollowingerroris

A.head4~5dstitches

B.lowerabdominal6~7dstitches

C.upperabdominal7~9dstitches

D.1imbs10~12Dstitches

E.stretchsuture,1012dstitches

9.tetanuscausedaseriesofclinicalsymptomsandsigns,the

mainfactoris

A.spastictoxin

B.endotoxin

C.hemolytictoxin

ClostridiumD.

ClostridiumE.Clostridium

10.commonbacteriaareacutesubcutaneouscellulitis

A.Staphylococcusaureus

B.betahemolyticstreptococcus

C.Escherichia

PseudomonasaeruginosaD.

BacteroidesE.

11.pelvicfracturesassociatedwithurethralinjuriesand

shockshouldbetreatedsequentially

A.pelvictractionfixation,antishock,andtreatmentof

urethralinjuries

B.pelvictraction,fixation,treatmentofurethralinjuries,

antishock

C.shock,treatmentofurethralinjuries,pelvictraction

fixation

D.shock,pelvictractionfixation,treatmentofurethral

injuries

E.treatmentofurethralinjuries,pelvictractionfixation,

andantishock

12.,frostbitedeepskinfulllayeriscalled

A.degreeIfreeze

B.superficialfrostbite

C.deepseconddegreefrostbite

D.degreeIIIfrostbite

E.degreefrostbite

13.,morethanmoderateburnswithin48hafterinjury,weshould

focusonpreventionandtreatment

A.hypovolemicshock

B.septicshock

C.sepsis

D.acuterenalfailure

E.multipleorganfailure

14.,precancerouschangesintocarcinomainsitugenerally

requireabout

A.30years

B.20years

C.10years

D.5years

E.2years

15.whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

TherewasnosignificantpressuredifferenceinA.with

elevatedintracranialpressure

B.patientsaremoretolerantoflocalizedintracranial

hypertension

C.intracranialmalignanttumorsoftenhavesubacute

intracranialhypertension

D.intracranialbenigntumorsoftenhavechronicintracranial

hypertension

E.

Hypertensiveintracerebralhemorrhagefrequentlyoccurswith

acuteintracranialhypertension

16.thehighestincidenceoflinearfractureoftheskullis

CranialA.

B.anteriorcranialfossa

MiddlecranialfossaofC.

PosteriorfossaofD.

NomorethanE.

17.oftheprimarybraininjuriesare

A.brainedema

B.contusionandlacerationofbrain

C.intracerebralhematoma

D.epiduralhematoma

E.subduralhematoma

18.themainclinicalmanifestationsofintracerebralhematoma

are

A.headache,vomitingandopticdiscedema

B.hasfrequentseizuresandisdifficulttocontrol

C.increasessexualconsciousnessdisorder

D.exacerbationsofprogressivedyskinesia

E.symptomsofcranialnervedamage

19.,thetreatmentofskullfractureis

TheA.itselfdoesnotrequirespecialtreatment

B.focusedonwhethertherewereanycomplications

C.temporarilyblockedseverecerebrospinalfluidleakage

D.focusesonnerveinjuries

E.givesantibiotics

20.siderecurrentlaryngealnerveinjury

A.hoarsevoice

B.coughs

C.aphonia

D.hasdifficultybreathing

E.asphyxia

21.women,59yearsold.Leftbreastmasswasfound3D.Physical

examination:thelumpinthebreastupperouterquadrant,3cm

*2cminsize,seecancercellcytology.Thereisanaxillary

lymphnode(1cm*1cm).Noabnormalitiesweredetectedonother

sites.Whatisnotcorrectisthat...

A.TNMstagingwasT3N1M0

B.breastcancerisassociatedwithestrogenlevels

C.obesityincreaseschanceofattack

D.radicalresection

Inadditiontohigh-riskcases,conventionalradiotherapyis

notroutinelyperformedafterradicalE.surgery

22.thebestplacefordrainagepneumothoraxis

A.axillarymidlinesixthintercostal

B.axillarymidlineseventhintercostal

C.claviclemidlinefirstintercostal

D.claviclemidlinesecondintercostal

E.claviclemidlinethirdintercostal

Mediastinalseptumin23.patientswithopenpneumothorax

A.inhaletotheinjuredside

B.inhalewhilemovingtowardstheuninjuredside

C.exhaletotheuninjuredside

D.inspiratoryandexpiratory,thereisnooffset

E.inhalationandexhalationwereallontheinjuredside

24.oftheerrorsintheclassificationofpneumothoraxare

A.closure

B.openness

C.tension

D.spontaneous

E.mixing

25.acuteempyemaismostoftensecondaryto

A.pulmonaryinfection

B.abscessunderdiaphragm

C.sepsis

D.pleuraleffusion

E.openchestsurgerycontaminatedpleuralcavity

26.centrallungcancerrefersto

A.squamouscellcarcinomaoflung

B.originatedinalveolartissueoflungcancer

C.originatesfromlungcancerofthelobarbronchi

D.haslungcancerwithmediastinallymphnodemetastasis

E.occursinmenover50yearsofage

27.afterlungcancertreatment,theprognosisisthebest

A.squamouscarcinoma

B.adenocarcinoma

C.smallcellcarcinoma

D.largecellcarcinoma

E.mixedcarcinoma

28.intheinternationalTNMstagingofesophagealcancer,T1

means

A.carcinomainsitu

B.tumorinvadessubmucosa

C.tumorsinvadethemuscularis

D.tumorinvadesfibrouslayer

E.tumorinvadesadjacentorgans

29.themostimportantcauseofincarceratedabdominalhernia

is

A.theherniaringissmallandthecontentsareadherent

B.herniaringissmall,andabdominalpressuresuddenly

increases

C.theherniaringislargeandthecontentsareremovedtoo

much

D.abdominalwallmusclesaretenseandcontractileouterring

E.abdominalwallmusclestenseandcontractwithinthering

30.abdominalinjuriesarethemostfrequentlyaffectedorgans

A.spleen

B.1iver

C.kidney

D.colon

E.stomach

31.themainindicationsofsepticshockinacuteperitonitis

are

A.hyperthermia

B.clock

C.isshortofbreath

D.

Drymouth

E.bloodpressuredrops

32.correctindicationsforgastriculcersurgeryare

A.medicaltreatmentfor1~2weeksinvalid

B.withHelicobacterpyloriinfection

C.combinedwithsuperficialgastritis

D.ulcerdiameter<0.5cm

E.strictmedicaltreatmentfor8~12weeksulcernonunion

33.describetheclinicalmanifestationofacuteperforation

ofgastroduodenalulcer

A.allhaveahistoryofpreviousulcers

B.suddenrightupperquadrantpainwithhighfever

C.metastaticrightlowerabdominalpain

D.wasveryfastandsuddenseverepain,abdominal

E.hyperactivebowelsounds

34.themainrouteofmetastasisofgastriccanceris

A.directtransfer

B.lymphnodemetastasis

C.hematogenousmetastasis

D.peritonealmetastasis

E.intraoperativediffusion

35.isnotpyloricobstruction,X-raybariummealfluoroscopy

isperformed

A.gastricenlargement

B.hasalowgastrictension

C.4hbariumemptying

1/4isretainedafterD.6h

E.24hhasbariuminthestomach

36.characteristicsofstrangulatedintestinalobstructionis

abdominalpain

A.abdominalpainrelief

B.abdominalpainbecomespersistent

C.abdominalpainbecomestotalabdominalpain

D.abdominalpainaccompaniedbyvomiting

E.abdominalpainwithfever

37.themainrouteofmetastasisofcoloncanceris

A.lymphnodemetastasis

B.hematogenousmetastasis

DirectinvasionofC.

D.implanttransfer

E.other

38.theonsetofabdominalpainintypicalappendicitisbegins

A.upperabdomen

B.lowerabdomen

C.navel

D.rightupperabdomen

E.rightlowerabdomen

39.circularexcisionofhemorrhoids,suitablefor

A.twohemorrhoids

B.threehemorrhoids

C.seriousringhemorrhoids

D.mixedhemorrhoids

E.thrombosedexternalhemorrhoiddissection

40.,thepreferredtreatmentforprimarylivercanceris

A.embolizationtherapy

B.systemicchemotherapy

C.surgicaltreatment

D.ethanolinjection

E.radiationtherapy

41.themainpurposeofsurgicaltreatmentofportal

hypertensionis

A.inthetreatmentofhypersplenism

B.protectsagainstcancer

C.reducesascites

D.preventionandtreatmentofgastrointestinalbleeding

E.preventsliverfailure

42.typicaltriadofcongenitalbileductdilatationis

A.abdominalpain,chills,feverandjaundice

B.abdominalpain,abdominalmassandjaundice

C.abdominalpain,diarrhea,andjaundice

D.abdominalmass,feverandjaundice

E.abdominalpain,abdominalmass,anddiarrhea

43.thehemorrhageofupperdigestivetractcausedbygastric

cancerischaracterizedbyhemorrhage

A.ismorecommonthanblackhematemesis

B.onlyhematemesis

C.hasonlyblackstools

D.ismorecommonthanblackhematemesis

E.onlyfecaloccultbloodtest(+)

44.、themostsuitabletreatmentforsimplevaricoseveins

withulceristhebesttreatment

A.antiinfectiontherapy

B.surgicaltreatment

C.physicaltherapy

D.localdrugtherapy

E.elasticbandagetreatment

45.conservativetreatmentofkidneyinjuryshouldbeabsolute

bedrest

A.1~2weeks

B.3~4weeks

C.5飞weeks

D.7~8weeks

E.10weeks

46.whatisthepathogenofgonorrheaurethritis?

A.gram-positivecocci

B.Escherichia

C.gram-negativediplococcus

MycoplasmaD.

ChlamydiaE.

47.themostimportantsymptomofbenignprostatichyperplasia

is

A.frequentmicturition

B.urinaryretention

C.urinaryincontinence

D.interruptionofurineflow

E.progressivedysuria

48.themosteffectivemethodofpreventionforurinarycalculi

is

A.controlinfection

B.adjustyourdiet

C.drinkplentyofwater

D.traditionalChineseMedicine

E.adjustedurinepH

49.,themostcommoncomplicationofbrachialarteryinjuryis

A.flexionsupracondylarfractureofhumerus

B.extensionsupracondylarfractureofhumerus

C.fractureofsurgicalneckofhumerus

D.dislocationofelbowjoint

E.proximalulnafracture

50.themostcommonlatecomplicationoffemoralneckfracture

is

A.hipankylosis

B.hipstiffness

C.osteonecrosisofthefemoralhead

D.ossificansmyositis

E.urinarytractinfection

51.thefractureofthehumerusshaftiseasytodamage

AxillarynerveofA.

B.musculocutaneousnerve

MediannerveofC.

UlnarnerveofD.

E.radialnerve

Thecauseofthe52.lumbardischerniationis

A.degenerativechangesoflumbarintervertebraldisc

B.lumbarsprain

C.psoascold

D.lumbarinjury,accumulationofwoundforce

E.infectionofsofttissueofwaist

53.women,18yearsold.Thelowerrightfemoralswollen2

months,surfacevenousengorgement,skintemperatureis

slightlyhigh;X-rayshowedrightfemurwithbonedestruction

zoneboundaryisnotclear,periostealproliferationradial

shadow.Themostprobablediagnosisis

A.osteomyelitis

B.bonetuberculosis

C.osteosarcoma

D.giantcelltumorofbone

E.bonemetastasis

54.savelimb(finger),thecorrectmethodis

A.limb(finger)stumpsoakedincleanorcleanwater

B.1imb(finger)stumpsoakedin75%ethanol

C.simplewashinglimb(finger)stumpafterusecleandressing

D.limb(finger)withacleandressingpackageintothedrying

container,thenaddice

E.limb(finger)directlyontheice

55.themostcommonlatecomplicationoffemoralneckfracture

is

A.hipankylosis

B.hipstiffness

C.osteonecrosisofthefemoralhead

D.ossificansmyositis

E.urinarytractinfection

56.todeterminewhetherspinalfracturedislocationis

complicatedwithspinalcordinjuryisthemostimportant

examination

A.CT

B.MRI

C.Xrayfilm

D.neurologicexamination

E.myelography

57.tuberculosisofthemalereproductivesystemismostcommon

A.testis

B.epididymis

C.vasdeferens

D.prostate

E.seminalvesicles

58.theearliestclinicalsymptomsofrenaltuberculosisare

A.frequentmicturition

B.hematuria

C.pyuria

D.fever

E.renalcolic

59.cannotbeusedtoidentifygallstonesorrightkidney

stones,themethodis

A.abdominalX-rayfilm

B.abdominalX-rayfilm

C.excretoryurography

D.retrogradepyelography

E.Bultrasonicexamination

60.importantbasictreatmentmeasuresforintestinal

obstructionare

A.correctswater,electrolyte,andacid-baseimbalances

B.nutritionalsupport

C.soapwaterenema

D.antispasmodic

E.antibiotic

Themainreasonofdeathis61.volvulus

A.highintestinalobstruction

B.completeintestinalobstruction

C.ismorecommoninyoungadults

D.ismorecommoninmenandelderlypeople

E.istoolateordelayedtreatment

62.describethefractureofthelowerendoftheradius

A.ismorecommoninmiddle-agedandelderlypeople

B.isthedistanceofradius3cmwithinthearticularsurface

fracture

C.extensionfracturestypicallyhavetypicaldeformities

D.bendingfracturedistalsegmentofthedorsalandradial

displacement

E.ismostlycausedbyindirectviolence

63.,themostlikelycauseofcubitusvalgusdeformityis

A.dislocationofelbowjoint

B.supracondylarfractureofhumerus

C.fractureofmiddlehumerus

D.radialheadfracture

E.olecranonfracture

64.epiphysealseparationisincluded

A.bonetumor

B.fracture

C.osteomyelitis

D.jointdislocation

E.congenitaldysplasiaofbone

65.theprincipleoffracturereductionisthat

A.distaltoproximal

B.proximaltodistal

C.endsareoppositeeachother

D.separationatbothends

E.overlapatbothends

66.themostcommonclinicalprobleminDepartmentof

neurosurgeryis

A.increasedintracranialpressure

B.intracranialtumor

C.craniocerebralinjury

D.hydrocephalus

E.intracranialinflammation

67.normaladultcranialvolumeisgenerally

A.1100~1200ml

B.1200~1300ml

C.1300~1400ml

D.1400~1500ml

E.1500~1600ml

68.describetheclinicalmanifestationsofbiliaryascariasis

A.suddenonset,suddenremission

B.oftenhasahistoryofvomitingandroundworm

C.abdominalpainof“drillingtop”

D.isoftenaccompaniedbyabdominaltension,tenderness,and

reboundpain

E.maybeaccompaniedbymildjaundice

69.describeintrahepaticbileductstones

A.isaprimarybileductstone

B.therightliverismorecommonthantheleftliver

C.isoftenassociatedwithextrahepaticbileductstones

D.fortherighthypochondriumchestorbackpain

E.unilateralhepaticductobstructiondoesnotpresent

jaundice

70.themostcommoncauseofuppergastrointestinalbleeding

is

A.gastricandduodenalulcer

B.portalhypertension

C.hemorrhagicgastritis

D.gastriccancer

E.biliarytractbleeding

Gastrointestinalbleedinghematemesisandhematochezia71.,

notonlythat,

A.bleedingsiteishigh,theamountofbleedingisnotmuch

B.bleedingandlowsite

TheamountofbleedinginC.issmallandtheperistalsisis

toofast

D.haslittlebleedingandgastricemptyingdisorder

E.bleedingisveryurgentandverymuch

72.whichofthefollowingfactorsarecloselyrelatedtothe

occurrenceanddevelopmentofthromboembolismobliterans?

A.alcoholism

B.smoking

C.cold,dampenvironment

D.trauma

E.infectionbypathogens(e.g.HBvirus,Rickettsia,etc.)

73.thedevelopmentofvaricoseveinsofthelowerextremities

maybeapossiblecomplicationofadvancedstage

A.thrombophlebitis

B.causeseczemaontheankleandfootbootarea

C.acutehemorrhage

D.hasanulcerontheankleupperfootbootarea

E.lowerextremitylymphedema

74.deepveinthrombosisthrombolytictherapyrequiresnomore

thanthecourseofdisease

A.6h

B.12h

C.24h

D.36h

E.72h

Latepathologicalchangesin75.renalinjuriesarenot

included

A.cystofurine

B.hydronephrosis

C.falseaneurysm

D.renovascularhypertension

E.polycystickidney

76.thesiteofextravasationofurinethatdoesnotinclude

bladderrupture

A.aroundthebladder

B.posteriorpubicspace

C.renalregion

D.peritonealcavity

E.superficialperinealpouch

77.,therouteofinfectionofchronicbacterialprostatitis

is

A.isspreaddirectlybycystitis

B.retrogradeinfectionofurethra

C.hematogenoustransmission

D.lymphinfection

E.antegradeinfectionofurethra

78.,themainpredisposingfactorisnoturinarytract

infection

A.urinarytractobstruction

B.diabetes

C.urinarytractforeignbody

D.chronictonsillitis

E.repeatedurethraldilatation

79.themostcommoneffectivetreatmentforacuteurinary

retentionis

A.catheterization

B.acupuncturetreatment

C.massagethelowerabdomentoassisturination

D.suprapubicbladderaspiration

E.suprapubicsuprapubicostomy

80.drugsforthetreatmentofbenignprostatichyperplasiado

notinclude

A.androgen

B.estrogen

C.finasteride(20)

D.terazosin(GaoTeling)

E.tamsulosin(Harold)

Two.Explainthenoun(10questions,2pointseach)

1.shock

2.generalanesthesia

3.burns

4.traumaticasphyxia

5.Primary,aldosteronism(primaryaldosteronism)

Three.Questionsandanswers(5pointspergame,10points)

1.trytoexplainthemeaningandclassificationofeachletter

intheTNMstagingmethod.

2.notesonemergencytreatmentoftrauma.

Clinicalmedicineundergraduatesurgeryexaminationpaper

(Avolumeanswer)

Amultiple-choicequestion.

l.B

2.A

3.B

4.B

5.D

6.E

7.B

8.E

9.A

10.B

11.C

12.D

13.A

14.C

15.B

16.A

17.B

18.C

19.C

20.A

21.E

22.D

23.B

24.E

25.A

26.C

27.A

28.B

29.B

30.A

31.E

32.E

33.D

34.B

35.C

36.B

37.A

38.A

39.C

40.C

41.D

42.B

43.C

44.B

45.B

46.C

47.E

48.C

49.B

50.C

51.E

52.D

53.C

54.D

55.C

56.D

57.B

58.A

59.A

60.A

61.E

62.D

63.B

64.B

65.A

66.A

67.D

68.B

69.B

70.A

71.E

72.B

73.E

74.E

75.E

76.E

77.B

78.D

79.A

80.A

Two.NOUNexplanation.

1.shock:aneffectivecycleofvariouscauses,arapiddecrease

inbloodvolume,andaclinicalsyndromecausingmetabolic

disordersandcellulardamageresultingfrominadequate

perfusionoftissue.

2.:generalanesthesiaanesthesiabyinhalationorintravenous

andintramuscularinjectioninhibitthece