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专业英语四级模拟试卷684

一、听写(本题共7题,每题7.0分,共7分。)

1、Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufour

times.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtryto

understandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillberead

sentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreading

willbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.

YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.Pleasewrite

thewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.Now,listentothepassage.PoppingEars

Whenwetravelbyplane,ourearspop.________________________________________

标准答案:PoppingEarsWhenwetravelbyplane,ourearspop.Ourearspopbecause

ofthechangeinairpressure/astheplaneascendsordescends./Athigheraltitudesair

pressureislowereventhoughtheplaneispressurized./Ourearsaresealedoffinsideour

headsastheplaneascendsordescends./Sothepressureoutsideandinsideourearsis

different./Thisdifferenceinpressurecandistortoureardrums,thuswewillfeelpainful.

知识点解析:暂无解析

二、讲座(本题共10题,每题1.0分,共10分。)

SleepDeprivationNegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation-oncognitiveperformance一

cause[T1][Tl]—interferewithouraction—affectour[T2]

[T2]-onthebrain—disrupt[T3]inthebrain[T3]

—leavekeyareasofthebrainactiveallthetime—activategenesthatinterfere

with[T4][T4]Manifestationofpoorsleeponcognitive

performance-Youcan'tfocuswell.—Anightofpoorsleepmakesushavetrouble

[T5]ontasks.[T5]—Nightsofpoorsleepmakethingsworse.—

chronicsleep[T6][T6]_continuallycompromisedattention一

Sleepdeprivationmakesfbcushardertoachieve.—affectourperformanceand[T7]

.[T7]-Yourreactiontimeslowsdown.―effectivenessofattention一

focusingonbig,thought-intensivetasks-focusingonandfiguringoutsomething

[T8]rightnow[T8]一Sleepdeprivationaffectsneuralcells'ability,

-failtoabsorbvisualinformation—unabletotranslatethevisualdatainto[T9]

[T9]-Youhavetroublemakingandstoringmemories.—importantto

middle-agedpeople-connectedtocognitive[T10]orcognitiveproblems

[T10]______

2、[Tl]

标准答案:distraction

知识点解析:暂无解析

3、[T2]

标准答案:abilitytothink

知识点解析:暂无解析

4、[T3]

标准答案:levelsofchemicals

知识点解析:暂无解析

5、[T4]

标准答案:optimalbrainactivity

知识点解析:暂无解析

6、[T5]

标准答案:focusing/concentrating

知识点解析:暂无解析

7、[T6]

标准答案:debt

知识点解析:暂无解析

8、[T7]

标准答案:senseofpurpose

知识点解析:暂无解析

9、[T8]

标准答案:importanl

知识点解析:暂无解析

10、[T9]

标准答案:consciousthought

知识点解析:暂无解析

11、[T10]

标准答案:decline

知识点解析:暂无解析

三、会话(本题共70题,每题分,共10分。)

12、

A、Inaprivateloancompany.

BNInaforeigntradecompany.

C、Inalocalbank.

D^Inacapitalcompany.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:暂无解析

13、

A、Ihegeneraltermsoftheirloanpolicies.

Thelowestinterestrateforpersonalloans.

C^Theprincipleforpersonalloans.

D、Theapplicationformforpersonalloans.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

14、

A、Satisfied.

B、Reluctant.

C、Indifferent.

D、Irritated.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:暂无解析

15、

A、Aminimumdepositof$10,000forthefirsttime.

B、Aminimumdepositof$1,000forthefirsttime.

C^Aminimumdepositof$1,000everytime.

D、Aminimumdepositof$100everytime.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:暂无解析

16、

A、Apersonalloanof$10,000.

B、Acheckingaccountwithitsdebitcard.

C^Acheckingaccountandacurrentaccount.

D、Acurrentaccountwithitsdebitcard.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:暂无解析

17、

A、It*sdarkandscary.

B、It'seco-friendly.

C^It'scozy.

D、It'scolorful.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

18、

A、Heisacook.

Heisaplanter.

C、Heisawriter.

D、Heisanenvironmentalist.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:暂无解析

19、

A、Itusesthesolarpowertochargeup.

B、It'spaintedgreenfromheadtofoot.

C、Itusesthenon-toxicglue.

D、Ithasasoycandleinside.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

20、

A^Thesuperenergy-efficientlights.

B、Thesolarlights.

C>Theparaffin-basedcandles.

D^Therenewablesoycandles.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:暂无解析

21、

A、Chopitupandcookit.

Buryitinthelandfillasfertilizer.

C、Chopitupandburyit.

D、Throwitawayinapubliclandfill.

标准答案:C'

知识点解析:暂无解析

四、语言知识(本题共20题,每题7.0分,共20分。)

22、Theratesofpeoplewithdrawingmoneyfromthiscompanyhavesoaredbymore

than50%.WhichofthefollowingchoicesisNOTcorrect?

A、betweenMondayandFriday

B、MondaythroughFriday

C、fromMondayuntilFriday

D、onMondayuntilFriday

标准答案:D

知识点解析:介词题。本题考查的是从某一时间到另一时间的表达方式,且题干要

求选择不正确的一项。“between…and…”和“from…to/untiL..”是常见的两种表达

方式;"...through...”表示的时间含义是“upto...andincluding...即“从...

到……(最后那天包括在内)“,故A、B、C均正确。“on…untiL..”为错误表达,故

D为本题答案。

23InDeathofaSalesmanWillyLomanwronglyanticipatesthathissonshaveno

flaws,tomanyproblemsforthewholefamily.

A、believingwhichleads

B、abeliefthatleads

C^andwhichistolead

D、thebeliefofthisleads

标准答案:B

知识点解析;同位语题。同位语多为名词或名词短语,指出本位语的具体内容或列

举、突出本位语的一部分内容。但实际上,名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短

语、分句、句子部分内容或整个句子均有可能出现同位语。选项B中,abelief是

前句的同位语,“thatleads…”为后置定语从句,修饰先行词belief,故本题答案为

Bo

24、mostofhislifeunsurewherehe,llsleep,thehomelessnowhasaplaceofhis

own.

A^Spending

B、Havingspent

C、Beingspent

D^Havingbeenspent

标准答案:B

知识点解析:非谓语动词题。动词spend的逻辑主语是thehomeless(无家可归者,

流浪汉),为主动含义,且主句中的时间状语now表明流浪汉当前有了住所,意味

着之前无家可归,具有从过去开始的概念,应使用现在完成时,故本题答案为B。

25、Thedatashowedthatthereareupto20timesmorelightningflasheswithin

cloudsbytheground-basednetwork.

ANlliantheyobserve

B、thanwhathavebeenobserved

C、aswhatisobserved

D、thanareobserved

标准答案:D

知识点解析:比较级题。根据选项和题干中的more可确定本题考查than的用法。

本题可把than看作关系代词,充当句子主语。例如句子“Ispentmoremoneythan

wasintendedtobespent.”也有解释为than从句省略主语。注意than连接从句时具

有省略性、倒装性和对祢性特点。本题空格后为by,同时根据含义,具有被均含

义,且从句表示的是现存的事实,故D为本题答案。

26>Youngscientiststhatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlyso

complete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.

A、sooncanberealized

canberealizedtooscon

C、cannotrealizetoosoon

D、sooncannotrealize

标准答案:C

知识点解析:固定搭配题。“cannot…too...”结构表示“怎样……也不过分;应尽

量...;越...越好”之意。例如:Youcannotpraisethebooktoomuch.(这本书很

值得大加赞扬。)类似用法还有“cannever...too...”,故本题答案为C。

27Arocketdoesnotdependontheatmosphereforitspropulsion,butinthe

absenceofanatmospherebecauseoflessenedairresistance.

A、wouldactuallyperformbetter

B、performbetter

C、performedbetter

D、havehadperformedbetter

标准答案:A

知识点解析:虚拟语气题。虚拟语气以非真实条件句为代表。本题属于含蓄条件

句,同样引出非真实情况,即intheabsenceofanalmosphere表示虚拟的条件,与

客观事实相反,而选项相当于主句的谓语,应使用woulddo形式,故本题答案为

Ao

28、HewarnedmethatIhadbetternotsayanythingaboutthat.Thephrase"hadbetter"

usedinthissentenceisto.

A、threaten

B、givestrongadvice

C^suggest

D、condescend

标准答案:A

知识点解析:语用题。hadbetter多用于表示某人为了避免某种难题、不快或危险

时而理应做什么,或应当做什么。本句的谓语动词为warned,之后的从句使用had

better(not),即这种警告更像“威胁”,故本题答案为A。B和C选项更侧重建议,D

选项的含义是“屈尊,俯就;降格相从“,与题干语义不符,故均排除。

29、AIlongagomasteredchess,theChineseboardgameGoandeventheRubik'sCube,

injust0.38seconds.

A、whichmanagedtosolve

B、whichitmanagedtosolve

C^forwhichitmanagedtosolve

D、towhichitmanagediosolve

标准答案:B

知识点解析:定语从句题。定语从句的引导词which需要在从句中作主语或宾语。

B选项中的it指代Al,which作solve的宾语,即theRubik'sCube,故本题答案为

Bo

30、1'hcgreatracingdriver,SirMalcolmCampbell,wasthefirstmanatover300

milesperhour.

A、todrive

B、driving

C>havingbeendriving

D、tobedriven

标准答案:A

知识点解析:序数词题。序数词first、second等之后的后也定语必须为todo形

式,且句中主语为人,也是iodo形式的逻辑主语,无被动义,故本题答案为A。

31、Researchersfoundthattheplantswereveryoldindeed,andinthesespots

some115,000yearsago.

A、hadprobablylastgrown

B、wereprobablylastgrown

C>wouldhavehadlastgrown

D、beitlastgrown

标准答案:A

知识点解析:时态题。主句谓语动词为found,从句表明约11.5万年前存在的古

老植物是最终生长在这些地方的物种,具有过去的过去之意,应使用过去完成时,

故选择A。B选项为被动语态,而11.5万年前人类尚未出现,被动不符合逻辑,

故排除;C选项为wouldhavedone结构,通常表示对过去事情的假设,即“本来会

做“,与题干中确实生长过含义相悖,故排除;D选项不仅与之后的grown形成被

动关系,且开头为be动词原形,与空格之前表并列的and无法形成对等关系,故

排除。

32、TheEmancipationProclamationslavesfree,butitonlyappliedtothethree

millionslaveswholivedintheso-calledConfederacy.

A^proclaimed

BNaiiiiounucd

C、pronounced

D、declared

标准答案:D

知识点解析:动词辨析题。proclaimed多侧重在公众场合大声地或用喇叭等发声器

宣布,即不以书面形式为主,含有“持续不断地,再三反复地,自豪大胆地广为宣

扬”之意;announced表示首次宣布可能大家感兴趣的或能满足好奇心的事,也可表

示“报告……的到达(或出席],例如,通知飞机的起落等;pronounced通常表示法

律上的宣判;declared表示正式、明确地“宣布"。根据语境,D为本题答案。

33、Childrenaretheindividualswithinourculturesthatarethemosttothe

difficultiesandstressesthatsocietiesexperience.

A、sensitive

sensible

C、sensational

D、sensual

标准答案:A

知识点解析:形容词辨圻题。sensitive意为“敏感的“;sensible意为“明智的”;

sensational意为“令人极度兴奋的,轰动的;极好的,绝妙的“,也常用于贬义的“大

肆渲染的:耸人听闻的":sensual意为“肉体上的,官能的”或“喜欢(激起)感官享受

的;性感的题干是指儿童对困难和压力感到“敏感”,故选择A。

34、Shaalhavencitycouncilhasrecentlyappointedtrafficcontrollerstoredirectvisitors

fromthebeachbecausethecarparkonlyhasafor400butupto5,000vehiclesare

nowcomingin.

A、ability

B、capacity

C>capability

D、proficiency

标准答案:B

知识点解析:名词辨析题。ability侧重指能够做好某事的能力;capacity常用来表

示“容量,容积;容纳力”;capability侧重指特有的能力;proficiency多侧重指熟练

做某事的能力,更强调“熟练程度”或“轻车熟路题干是指停车场的蓄车能力,故

选择Bo

35、IcrossedtheToddRiverandmyboilingbodyinacoolpool.

A、immersed

submerged

C、dipped

D、ducked

标准答案:A

知识点解析:动词辨析题。iiiiincncd表示全部浸入;subiucrgcd也表示全部浸入,

但强调长久地、持续地浸入,或浸入的深度超过常规;dipped表示全部浸入时,强

调浸入时间的短暂;ducked表示突然浸入,并马上收回。根据语境,A为本题答

案。

36、Anthropologistsfoundthemselvesinasituationrifewithracialundercurrents

followingthediscoveryofa9,300-yearoldskeletonontheColumbiaRiver.Abattle

betweenseveralAmericanIndiantribesandresearchers.

A、followed

B、ensued

C、succeeded

D、supervened

标准答案:B

知识点解析:动词辨析题。ensued指具有因果关系的事物连续发生,根据语境,因

为骨骼的发现,继而爆发了战斗,故B为本题答案。followed指事物按照时间顺

序、逻辑关系连续发生;succeeded强调相似的人或事物、事件按一定的顺序不间

断地接踵而至,尤指时间或空间上的连续;supervened指意外发生。

37、Today,LincolniswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinAmerican

history,inpartbecausehehelpedtoendslavery.

A、perpetually

durably

C^permanently

D、eternally

标准答案:C

知识点解析:副词辨析题。perpetually常用于贬义,表示“无休止地,连续不断

地”;durably多侧重物体的“坚固耐用";permanenlly表示“永久地”,强调状态的持

久性、稳定性:etemallv表示“永远,永久地”,多用于抽象意,如love、life等,

表示无始无终。题干表金的是林肯总统的丰功伟绩,故本题答案为C。

38、Didyoueverhaveononeofthejockswhenyouwereatschoolorhaveyou

falleninlovewithsomeoneatfirstsight?

A^acrush

B、love

C、apassion

D、taste

标准答案:A

知识点解析:名词辨析题。acrush的含义是temporaryloveforsb.(对某人短暂的

迷恋),常用于短语haveacrushonsb.,但不可用于双方确立恋爱关系后;love用

于男女关系时,表示fondnesscombinedwithsexualattraction(爱情,恋爱),为不可

数名词,之后通常加介词for;apassion(激情;强烈的情感),之后通常加介词

for;taste(品味;喜爱,爱好;口味),之后通常加介词for或in,表示对某事的喜

爱、爱好。根据语境,A为本题答案。

39、Victimsshareaprofoundsenseofviolation,alossofinnocence,achangedof

humannature,feelingsofguilt,anxiety,paranoiaandarangeofpsychosomaticillnesses.

A、sensation

B>conception

C^perception

D^insight

标准答案:C

知识点解析:名词辨析题。sensation多指感官的感觉,或用于表示难以准确描述的

身心感受;conception意为“概念;构想,构思”,侧重个体的创造性思维;

perception意为“感知,认知,观念,看法”,具有理性特点;insighi指“洞察力”。

根据语境,C为本题答案。

40>Yellowknifeishometoaround20,000peopleandaprimeviewoftheaurora

borealis,alsocalledtheNorthernLights.

A、boasts

brags

C、inscribes

D、depicts

标准答案:A

知识点解析:动词辨析题。boasts表示“自夸,吹嘘;以有……而自豪,很可夸耀

地拥有“;brags侧重表示不切实际地“炫耀;卖弄”;inscribes意为“刻写;题写;

印;亥ij;雕";depicts意为“描绘,描画;刻画”。根据句意,A为本题答案。

41、ThepsychologicalimprovementsofFacebooksuggestthatpeoplemaybe

usingthesocialnetworkmorethantheyshould.

A、abstainingfrom

B、passingup

C、doingwithout

D、refrainingfrom

标准答案:A

知识点解析:动词短语辨析题。abstainingfrom“戒除”,强调以顽强的意志克制自

己,自动白愿地戒除某种欲望或有害的东西;passingup意为“放过;错过";doing

without强调“将就"之意,多用于口语;refrainingfrom"克制,抑制,忍住”,更侧

重压抑当时的冲动。根据语境,A为本题答案。

五、完型填空(本题共70题,每题7.0分,共70分。)

A.considersB.dailyC.essentiallyD.eventuallyE.floodingF.leaseG.normH.normal

I.operationsJ.perishableK.progressL.properM.releasedN.rottenO.throwbackAt

firstglance,theblackandwhiteRobomartvehicle,withitsminimalistdesignand

roundedbody,lookslikeavisionofthefuture.Butifyouignorethelackofasteering

wheelandhumandriver,theelectric,grocery-filledmachine-aboutthesizeofamini

van—isactuallysomethingofa[Cl].FormuchofU.S.history,[C2]

kitchenitemssuchasproduce,milk,eggsandiccarrivedoutsidepeople'shomes

ona[C3]basis,firstbyhorse-drawnwagonandlaterbytruck.Thiscurbside

servicewould[C4]fallvictimtorefrigeration,automobilesandtheriseofthe

supermarket,makingweeklyshoppingtripsthemodernAmerican[C5],

accordingtoBostonHospitalityReview.NowRobomart—aSantaClara,Calif,-based

start-up-seekstomergetheoldwiththenew.FromAmazonFreshtoPeapodand

Instacart,there'snoshortageofgrocerydeliveryservices[C6]themarketplace.

ButRobomartfounderandCEOAliAhmedsaidhiscompanyisn'tagrocerydelivery

service.Instead,he[C7]Robomartanon-demand,remote-controlled"grocery

storeonwheels".Lastweek,Robomartannouncedanewpartnershipwithgrocerystore

chainStop&Shopandwillbegin[C8]intheGreaterBostonareainthespring.

Butsomelocalofficialssaythecompanyhasn'treceived[C9]permittingtodo

so,accordingtoTheBostonGlobe.Movingforward,Ahmedsaid,Robomarthopesto

partnerwithotherretailersthatwould[CIO]itsvehiclesandbrandthemas

theirown,creatingself-drivinggroceryfleets.

42、[Cl]

标准答案:O

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,空格前面是不定冠词a,空格处应填入一个单数

名词。文章第一段提到avisionofthefuture”对未来的愿景”,第.二段以bul开头,

说明接下来要谈缺陷和问题。此处要填一个含有“否定”意义的名词,故。项

throwback”返回,后退”为答案。

43、[C2]

标准答案:J

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填入一个形容词用来限定后面的主语

kitchenitemso根据suchas后面的例子可知,农产品、牛奶、鸡蛋等的特点都是易

腐烂、易变质的,故J“易腐烂的,易变质的”为答案。N项rotten意为“腐烂的”,

结合常识可知,杂货车不会卖腐烂的食物,故排除。

44、[C3]

标准答案:B

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,空格前面是不定冠词a,后面是名词,因此.空

格处应填入一个形容词或起形容词作用的名词作定语。空格所在句提到了马车和卜

车会将一些厨房用品送到家门口。此处指的是送货的频率,结合备选项,B项

daily”每日的,日常的”符合题意,onadallybasis意为“每日

45、[C4]

标准答案:D

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,空格出现在情态动词和行为动词之间,应填入副

词。该段谈杂货车的衰败历史。fallvictimto意为"成为……的受害者”,情态动词

would表示对将来的推断。此句意为“这种路边服务最终会成为冷藏、汽车和超市

崛起的受害者……”,故D项eventually"终于,最后”为答案。

46、[C5]

标准答案:G

知识点解析:此处“make+名词/代词”结构后面可以接名词或形容词,因空格前面

是形容词,故空格应为名词。结合前半句可知,在冷藏、汽车和超市崛起后,每周

购物成为现代美国人的惯常做法。G项norm有“惯常做法”的意思,故为答案。H

项normal作名词时意为“正常水平”,更强调一种标准的水平。

47、[C6]

标准答案:E

知识点》析:空格前后都是名词短语,空格前的句子成分完整,推测空格处应填入

动词的分词形式,作后置定语,修饰grocerydeliveryservices。floodthe

marketplace意为"(用某物)充斥巾场“,flood与grocerydeliveryservices之间是主动

关系,所以用flooding,故答案为E。

48、[C7]

标准答案:A

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,此处缺少谓语动词,且为第三人称单数形式。根

据instead可知,创始人兼首席执行官认为Robomart公司不是杂货店送货服务,而

是一家按需随选、可远程控制的“轮上杂货店”,故A项considers”考虑,认为"为答

案。

49、[C8]

标准答案:I

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,空格前为动词begin,空格处应填入动词-ing形

式或名词。本句意为“上周,Robomart公司宣布和杂货连锁商店Stop&Shop建立新

的合作关系,并将于春季在大波士顿地区开始运营。”故I项。pcrations”运转,经

营''为答案。

50、[C9]

标准答案:L

知识点解析:空格前曲是谓诺动词,后冏是名词permitting”执照,许可证”。空格

处应填入形容词修饰后面的名词。通过上下文可知,Robomart公司将在大波士顿

地区开始运营,但当地官员称其还没获得正当的经营许可。故L项proper”合适

的,正当的”为答案。

51、[C10]

标准答案:F

知识点解析:分析句子结构可知,情态动词would后面没有真正的行为动词,故空

格处应为动词原形。该句提到Robomart公司希望与其他零售商合作。itsvehicles

中its指Robomart公司,因此合作的方式应是Robomart公司将车辆租赁给其他各

零售商,并允许零售商在车上标记他们自己的品牌。故F项lease“出租”为答案。

六、选择题(本题共70题,每题1.0分,共70分。)

(1)ScarlettrecalledbitterlyherconversationwithGrandmaFontaine.Onthatafternoon

twomonthsago,whichnowseemedyearsinthepast,shehadtoldtheoldladyshehad

alreadyknowntheworstwhichcouldpossiblyhappentoher,andshehadspokenfrom

thebottomofherheart.Nowthatremarksoundedlikeschoolgirlhyperbole.Before

Sherman'smencamethroughTarathesecondtime,shehadhersmallrichesoffoodand

money,shehadneighborsmorefortunatethansheandshehadthecottonwhichwould

tideheroveruntilspring.Nowthecottonwasgone,thefoodwasgone,themoneywasof

nousetoher,fortherewasnofoodtobuywithit,andtheneighborswereinworseplight

thanshe.Atleast,shehadthecowandthecalf,afewshoats(小猪)andthehorse,and

theneighborshadnothingbutthelittletheyhadbeenabletohideinthewoodsandbury

intheground.(2)Fairhill,theTarletonhome,wasburnedtothefoundations,andMrs.

Tarletonandthefourgirlswereexistingintheoverseer'shouse.TheMunroehousenear

Lovejoywasleveledtoo.ThewoodenwingofMimosahadburnedandonlydiethick

resistantstuccoofthemainhouseandthefrenziedworkoftheFontainewomenandtheir

slaveswithwetblanketsandquiltshadsavedit.TheCalverts'househadagainbeen

spared,duetotheintercessionofHilton,theYankeeoverseer,buttherewasnotaheadof

livestock,notafowl,notanearofcomleftontheplace.(3)AtTaraandthroughoutthe

County,theproblemwasfood.Mostofthefamilieshadnothingatallbuttheremainsof

theiryam(山药)cropsandtheirpeanutsandsuchgameastheycouldcatchinthewoods.

Whattheyhad,eachsharedwithlessfortunatefriends,astheyhaddoneinmore

prosperousdays.Butthetimesooncamewhentherewasnothingtoshare.(4)Atlara,

theyaterabbitandpossum(负鼠)andcatfish(绘鱼),ifPorkwaslucky.Onotherdaysa

smallamountofmilk,hickorynuts(山核桃),roastedacorns(橡实)andyams.Theywere

alwayshungry.ToScarlettitseemedthatateveryturnshemetoutstretchedhands,

pleadingeyes.Thesightofthemdroveheralmosttomadness,forshewasashungryas

they.(5)Sheorderedthecalfkilled,becausehedranksomuchofthepreciousmilk,and

thatnighteveryoneatesomuchfreshvealallofthemwereill.Sheknewthatsheshould

killoneoftheshoatsbutsheputitofffromdaytoday,hopingtoraisethemtomaturity.

Theyweresosmall.Therewouldbesolittleofthemtoeatiftheywerekillednowandso

muchmoreiftheycouldbesavedalittlelonger.NightlyshedebatedwithMelaniethe

advisabilityofsendingPorkabroadonthehorsewithsomegreenbackstotrytobuyfood.

ButthefearthatthehorsemightbecapturedandthemoneytakenfromPorkdeterred

them.TheydidnotknowwheretheYankeeswere.Theymightbeathousandmilesaway

oronlyacrosstheriver.Once,Scarlett,indesperation,startedtorideoutherselftosearch

forfood,butthehystericaloutburstsofthewholefamilyfearfuloftheYankeesmadeher

abandontheplan.(6)Porkforaged(四处搜寻)far,attimesnotcominghomeallnight,

andScarlettdidnotaskhimwherehewent.Sometimeshereturnedwithgame,

sometimeswithafewcarsofcorn,abagofdriedpeas.Oncehebroughthomearooster

whichhesaidhefoundinthewoods.Thefamilyateitwithrelish(享受)butasenseof

guilt,knowingverywellPorkhadstolenit,ashehadstolenthepeasandcorn.Onenight

soonafterthis,hetappedonScarlett'sdoorlongafterthehousewasasleepand

sheepishlyexhibitedalegpepperedwithsmallshot.Asshebandageditforhim,he

explainedawkwardlythatwhenattemptingtogetintoahencoop(鸡笼)atFayetteville,

hehadbeendiscovered.ScarlettdidnotaskwhosehencoopbutpattedPork'sshoulder

gently,tearsinhereyes.Negroeswereprovokingsometimesandstupidandlazy,but

therewasloyaltyinthemthatmoneycouldn'tbuy,afeelingofonenesswiththeirwhite

folkswhichmadethemrisktheirlivestokeepfoodonthetable.

52、WhatcanbeconcludedfromPara.1aboutScarlettafterSherman'stroopwentby

Tarathesecondtime?

A、Shehadenoughcottontosurvivethewinter.

B、Shehadneithermoneynorwaystobuyfood.

C>Shewasbetteroffthanherneighbors.

D、Sheconcealedsomethinginthewoodstoo.

标准答案:C

知以点解析:细节题。原文笫一段笫五句的最后一个分句提到,如今邻居们的处境

比斯嘉丽还糟糕,由此可知,在谢尔夏的军队第二次经过塔拉之后,斯嘉丽的处境

比她的邻居要好,因此C为答案。该段第四句提到在谢尔曼的军队第二次经过塔

拉之前,斯嘉丽还有一些可以让她撑到春天的棉花,但第五句的第一个分句指出如

今她的棉花没了,由此可知,在谢尔蛀的军队第二次经过塔拉之后,斯嘉丽没有可

以熬过冬天的棉花了,A与原文表述相反,故排除;第五句的第三个分旬提到金钱

对于她而言也亳无用处,因为没有什么吃的能用钱买得到,由此可知,斯嘉丽有

钱,只是没有购买食物的渠道,故排除B;该段最后一句提到斯嘉丽还有那头母牛

和牛犊,几头猪崽和那匹马,而邻居们一无所有,除了他们之前能够藏在林里和埋

在地下的那点东西,由此可知,在森林里藏东西的是邻居们,原文并未提及斯嘉丽

是否在林中藏有东西,故排除D。

53、Whosehousehadn'tgotburntaccordingtoPara.2?

A、TheTarletons'.

B、TheMunroes\

C、TheFontaines,.

D、TheCalverts,.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:细节题。原文第二段最后一句提到,由于那个北方佬监工希乐顿的求

情,卡尔弗特家的房子hadagainbeenspared”再次幸免于难”,由此可知,卡尔弗特

家的房子没有被烧毁,故D为答案。该段第一句和第二句直接提到塔尔顿家所在

的费尔希尔农场和靠近洛夫乔伊的芒罗家都被夷为平地了,故排除A和B:第三

句提到米奠萨农场的木质厢房已被烧毁,只有主宅靠它厚厚的耐火灰泥和方丹家的

妇女及其奴隶们用湿毛毯和棉被拼命灭火才得以挽救,这表明方丹家的房子尽管没

有完全被烧毁,但还是起火被烧了,故排除c。

54、ThefifthparagraphclaimsallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A、thewholefamilybecamesickduetoovereating

B、Scarlettshouldhaveslaughteredoneshoat

C、Porkwaseventuallysenttorideouttobuyfood

D、Scarlettfailedtomountahorsetoseekfood

标准答案:C

知识点解析:细节题。原文第五段第五句和第六句提到,每天晚上斯嘉丽都和梅兰

妮辩论是否应该派波克骑马出去用一些联邦政府的绿钞购买食物,但马可能被抓走

以及钱可能从波克手里被抢走的恐惧之情使她们打消了念头。由此可知,斯嘉丽最

终并没有派波克骑马出去购买食物,故答案为C。该段第一句提到,那一夜每个人

都吃了太多的新鲜牛肉,以至于全都生病了,A在原文直接提及,故排除;第二句

指出斯嘉丽知道自己应该宰一只猪崽,但她一天天地往后推,希望能把它们养大

了,由此可知,斯嘉丽本应该宰掉一只猪崽,但她并没有这么做,B与原文表述相

符,故排除;最后一句提到,有一次斯嘉丽在绝望之下,准备自己骑马出去寻找食

物,但害怕联邦军的全家人歇斯底里的爆发令她放弃了该计划,由此可知,斯嘉丽

未能骑马出去寻找食物,D也与原文表述相符,故排除。

55>Whatisthewholefamily'sattitudetowardsPork'sstealing?

A、Ambivalent.

B、Critical.

C、Positive.

D、Negative.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:态度题。原文最后一段第二句和第三句提到了有时波克会带些猎物回

来,有时带几穗玉米和一袋干豌豆,有一次他带回家一只公鸡,他说是在树林里发

现的。随后的第四句明确表明「全家人的态度:“Thefamilyateitwithrelishbuta

senseofguilt,knowingverj,wellPorkhadstolenit...转折词but表明她们对

波克的盗窃行为是持矛盾的态度,一方面由全家人吃得津津有味可知她们对有东西

吃感到很高兴,另一方面她们又有负罪感,故A为答案,同时排除C和D。原文

并未提到全家人批评了波克的盗窃行为,故排除B,

(1)Ithaslongbeenbelievedthatthesmartphonesinourpocketsareactuallymakingus

dumber:butnowthereisevidenceforit.(2)Theconstantpresenceofamobilephonehas

a"braindrain"effectthatsignificantlyreducespeople'sintelligenceandattentionspans,a

studyhasfound.(3)ResearchersattheUniversityofTexasdiscoveredthatpeopleare

worseatconductingtasksandrememberinginformationiftheyhaveasmartphonewithin

eyeshot.InIwoexperimentstheyfoundphonessittingonadeskoreveninapocketor

handbagwoulddistractusersandleadtoworsetestscoresevenwhenitwassetupnotto

disturbtestsubjects.(4)Theeffectwasmeasurableevenwhenthephoneswereswitched

off,andwasworseforthosewhoweredeemed(认为)moredependentontheirmobiles.

(5)"Althoughthesedeviceshaveimmensepotentialtoimprovewelfare,theirpersistent

presencemaycomeatacognitive(认知的)cost,"saidDrAdrianWard,theleadauthor

ofthestudy."Evenwhenpeoplearesuccessfulatmaintainingsustainedattention一as

whenavoidingthetemptationtochecktheirphones-themerepresenceofthesedevices

reducesavailablecognitivecapability."(6)Theresearcherstested520university

studentsontheirmemoryandintelligencewheninthepresenceofasmartphonetosee

howitaffectedthem.(7)Participantsweretoldtocompletetestsinmathematics,

memoryandreasoningwiththeirsmartphoneseitherontheirdesk,intheirbagor

pockets,orinanotherroom,andwithalertsturnedoffsoasnottodistractstudents.(8)

Thosewhohadtheirphonesonthedeskrecordeda10percentlowerscorethanthose

wholefttheminadifferentroomonoperationalspantasks,whichmeasuresworking

memoryandfocus.Thosewhokepttheirphonesfurtheroutofsightintheirpocketsor

theirbagsscoredonlyslightlybetterthanwhenphoneswereplacedondesks.(9)The

researchersfoundthatthenegativeeffectofhavingaphonewithineyeshotwas

significantlygreateramongthosewhosaidtheyweredependentontheirsmartphones.

Participantswhohadexpressedsympathywithphrasessuchas"Iwouldhavetrouble

gettingthroughanormaldaywithoutmycellphone"and"usingmycellphonemakesme

feelhappy'*performedaswellasotherswhentheirphonewasinadifferentroom,but

worsewhenitwasplacedontheirdesk.(10)Thestudyalsofoundreactionspeedstobe

affected,withstudentswhohadtheirphoneonthedeskrespondingmoresluggishlyin

high-pacetests.(11)Itevenfoundthatphonescanevendistractusersevenwhentheyare

turnedoffandplacedfacedown.Thosewithphonesoutsideoftheroom"slightly

outperformed"thosewithswitchedoffdevices.(12)Theresearcherssaidtheeffectarises

becausepartofasmartphoneusers'mindisdedicatedtotryingtonotthinkabout

distractionssuchaswhethertheyhaveanymessageswhenthehandset(手机)isintheir

lineofsight.(13)"Weseealineartrendthatsuggeststhatasthesmartphonebecomes

morenoticeable,participants'availablecognitivecapacitydecreases,"saidWard."Your

consciousmindisn'tthinkingaboutyoursmartphone,butthatprocess-theprocessof

requiringyourselfnottothinkaboutsomething-usesupsomeofyourlimitedcognitive

resources.It'sabraindrain."(14)Similarresearchhaspreviouslyshowedsmartphones

canhavea"buucrflybraineffect"onusersthatcancausementalblunders.

56、Whichgroupofsubjectsgotthelowestscoreonoperationalspantasks?

A、Thosewholaidtheirphonesonthedesk.

BNThosewhoputtheirphonesinanotherroom.

C^Thosewhohidtheirphonesintheirpockets.

D、Thosewhoplacedtheirphonesbeyondtheirvision.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:推断题。原文第八段第一句直接提到,在测试工作记忆力和注意力的

操作跨度类任务中,手机放在桌上的人比手机放在另一间房里的人记录的得分低

10%,而该段第二句又有出,那些把手机放在口袋或包里,使其在视野之外的人,

得分仅比手机放在桌上的人稍高一点,由此可知,手机放在桌上的人比其他人的得

分都低,故A为答案,同时排除B、C和D。

57、WhichofthefollowingfindingsoftheresearchisINCORRECT?

A、Usersaddictivetosmartphonesweremoreadverselyaffectedbyvisiblephones.

B、Thesmartphoneaddictswithphonesoutsidetheroomunderperformedothers.

C、Participantswiththeirphonesonthedeskreactedmoreslowly.

D、Subjects*attentionisstilldivertedbythepowered-offface-downphones.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:推断题。原文第九段第一句提到,研究人员发现位于视野内的手机对

那些自称依赖智能手机的人产生的负面影响

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