中考英语阅读理解解题技巧

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧

1细微环节事实

新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获得却处

理主要信息”。对这种“获得和处理主要信息”实力的考查，主要采纳的

方式就是细微环节推断。这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类

题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细微环节，正确获得信息，也是把握

文章主旨的前提。因此，要特殊重视做好这类题。

1、细微环节事实题题干常见的问句形式

1）TrueorNOTtrue是非推断类型WhichofthefollowingisNOT

mentionedinthepassageWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOT

trueWhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredas...Accordingto

thepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthe

reasonsfor...

2）特殊疑问词提问类型Howmany....?

What/who/when/where/how/why....

3）排序题类型Whichoftheordersiscorrectaccordingtothe

passage

4）例证题类型？heauthorgivestheexamplein...paragraphin

orderto....

5）表唯一细微环节概念题类型：...themost/〜est........the

only

2、细微环节事实题的解题方法：

做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数

字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning快速确定该细微环节在文中的出

处（信息源），细致比照题干要求，解除或选择。命题者在出这类题国惯

用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句微小处做改动，

截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。

所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细微环节事实题还要非常留意

句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行

误导的落脚点。

是非推断一般都遵循比照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的推断。

若该信息句是长句或难句，耍学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，壬确

理解信息句的意义。肯定要留意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维

的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细微环节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所

答非所问。

例证题肯定要留意以forexample,suchas等关键入手处,

找出细微环节出处。排序题要先细致视察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组,

进而通过详细细微环节信息比较进行解除和选择。唯一细微环节题肯定耍

细致审题，弄清题干所需。特殊须要提示的是，选项中出现有most（最

高级）、theonly（唯一）、all（全部）、none（全否）修饰的细微环节，

都具有肯定性，选择推断时要慎选。

Ilikesummerbest.It'sverycoolinmy

餐hometown,andit'snicetohavealongard

11sunnysummer.Therearealotofoutdoor

Neil/Canada:activitiesyoucantakepartin,suchas

goingcamping.My1eastfavouriteiswinter,

becauseit'sprettycold,andyoudon't

wanttogooutside.

WShare110

43.What'stheweatherlikeinNeil'shometowninsummer

A.WetB.CoolC.WindyD.Cloudy

2主旨大意

此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领悟和理解实力。其

中一类题型为主旨问题。

1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式

1）主旨句设问类型Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?What

doesthepassagemailytalkabout?Wecanconclude/learnfromthe

passagethat....

2）最佳标题选择类型Thebesttitleforthispassageis...

3）作者主旨意图类型Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?Which

canexpressthepurposeofthewriteraccordingtothepassage

2、主旨大意题的解题方法

主旨大意题肯定要留意文章的首尾两段。假如首尾两段的主旨表达是

一样的，则文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与

归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。假如首尾两段的主旨表达

不一样，则须要视察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定

主旨段落。在此过程中，视察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，

无需细读段落内容，以节约时间。假如文章只有一段，则留意文章的首两

句与尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。

此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，留意抓住主旨句进行主要词

汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳

的标题。而作者意图表达必需通过归纳中心主题才能找到，通常体现为

advise,convince,present,propose,warn等。

DoyouenjoyvisitingamuseumDidyouevermake

aplanbeforeavisitEverymuseummusthavesomething

thatattractsyou.Andtherearemanypossibleways

toenjoyyourselfinamuseum.

Ifyoufollowthesestepsbelow,you'11knowwhatisworthseeing

anddoing,sothatyoucanmakethemostofyourtimeatthemuseum.

Decidewhatmuseumyouwillvisit.Therearesomanydifferent

kindsofmuseumsandyoufirstneedtofindonethatyoulike.It's

easyforyoutochooseoneandstartanenjoyablevisit!

Dosomeresearchonline.Everymuseumnowhasawebsitewhich

allowsyoutolookthroughtheinformationaboutit.Onthewebsite,

youmaylookforsuchthingsas:

,Theexhibits（展品）-Seewhatisonshowatthemuseumatall

times,andwhatspecialexhibitionsareheldforashorttime.

•Thehistoryofthemuseum-Therewilloftenbevery

interestingstoriesabouttheexhibitsandthebenefactors（捐赠

者）.Thatcanmakeyourvisitmoreinteresting.

•Activities-Seewhethertherearetalks,toursourspecial

activitiesonthedaywhenyouvisit.Manymuseumsholdsome

activitiesthatmeettheinterestsofallagegroups.

•Cost,foodorshortage-It'simportanthowmuchthevisitv/ill

cost.Youhavetodecidewhetherornotyoucaneatthere.Youmight

alsoneedtofindouttransportationneeds,aswellasstoragefor

coats,bagsetc.

Learnatleastonethingonyourvisit.Itisalwaysgoodto

takeawaysomethingnewfromyourvisit.

Planbreaksintoyourvisit.Whenyouwalkaround,standinghere

andstudyingexhibitsthere,youmaybecomeverytired.Soitis

importanttotakebreaks.Abreakisagoodopportunityforyouto

thinkofwhatyouhaveseenandwhatelseyoumightwanttodoin

museum.

Takeafriendortwo.Visitingmuseumsisalwaysalotmorefun

whenyouarewithsomeoneelse.Youcantalkoverwhatyou'reseeing.

Afriendalsobringsanotherwayofthinkingwhenyoutalkabout

theexhibit.

51.Ifwevisitamuseumwithfriends,wecan.

A.sharetheexperiencewiththemB.comeupwith

strangeideas

C.cutdownthecostofthevisitD.discussthenext

visitplan

3推理推断

此类题的关键是要留意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理推断，而

是原文给出的细微环节信息，所以原文语句不能选。推断时对已知的事实

细致评价后做出的合理确定并非唯一确定，要对事实进行合乎情理的推

断，有时还需借助常识进行推断。

推理推断题分两种，即对细微环节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以呢

caninfer/imply/1earnfromthispassagethat等进彳亍提问。

解决此类题要留意，一是与原文相同的细微跖节不能选，二是文中没有出

现的细微环节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要留意上述两点，再结

合做细微环节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理推断题。

NewTechnologyRevolutionizes（变革）Learning

Moreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatfor

learning.Today,suchteachingtoolsasiPadsareusedinalo;of

courses,includinglanguage,historyandscience.

ManyteachersaresupportersofusingiPadsinlanguagelearning.

Theysaythatstudentsnowhavemuchmoretimefordiscussionin

theclassroom.Insteadofspendingvaluableclasstimelisteningto

textsorwatchingteachingvideos,studentscandothisontheir

ownandcometoclasspreparedfordiscussion.

TheteachersalsosaythatiPadsallowstudentstolearn

attheirownpace.Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogue

onlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoing

otherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothe

samedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsis

especiallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageat

differentpaces.

Thestudentswhoareusingthenewtoolinsomecoursesarealso

happy.TheybelievethatusingiPadsisamoreenjoyablewaytolearn

(suchas1isteningtostoriesandwatchingmovies).Theclasshas

becomemuchmoreinterestingandcreative.

Thereareotheradvantagesforstudents.ByusingiPads,they

canpaymoreattentiontothematerialandlearnmore.Teachingnotes

arestoredintheiriPadsandareeasytofind.Somestudentsspend

moretimestudyingnow."Icanlistentomylanguagematerialor

watchteachingvideosonthebus,insteadofhavingtowaituntil

Tgethome,“astudentexplained.

ManyadultscomplainthattechnologiessuchasiPadsaredoing

harmtostudents.TheyworrythatstudentsmightuseiPadsto

downloadteachingnotesandusethemtocheatduringexams.Some

believethatiPadsmayseparatestudentsfromeachother.Ifa

studentspendsmoretimewatchingvideosonaniPad,hewillhave

feweropportunitiestohaveface-to-facecommunicationwithothers.

However,technologiesarealreadyapartofmoststudents,

day-to-daylives.Asforcheating,teacherscanaskstudentstohand

intheiriPadswhentheytakeexams.Educationneedstomakechanges

withthetimesastechnologyisplayinganimportantpart.Weshould

lookforwardtoawonderfulfuturewheniPadsandothertechnologies

canaddalottotheclassroom.

54.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.studentswithiPadshavelessdiscussioninclass

B.studentsgetmorefunfromlearningwithiPads

C.iPadshelpstudentssavetimewaitingforbuses

D.iPadspreventstudentsfromcheatinginexams

55.Thewriterprobablyagreest