广东省广州中考英语专题一名词课件

第二章语法复习提升能力专题一名词用名词的适当形式填空。 1.Thisistheplacetogoifyouwanttovisitsome______(shop/shops)anddepartmentstores.(7BU2)

温故知新：可数名词复数的变化可划分为规则变化和不规则变化两类，shop的复数形式属于规则变化。 2.Oneafternoon，the______(girl's/girl)motherwenttovisitEinstein.Sheaskedhimwhyhespentsomuchtimewithherdaughter.(9AU2)

温故知新：girl是单数名词，其名词所有格的构成方法是在词尾加's。 shopsgirl's()1.…JustthenafriendbroughtushisdogLucky.Hewassofriendlyandquiet,buthadonlythreelegs.“He’snottheperfectCharlie.Peoplemightnoticehe’smissingaleg，”Isaid.“Theatreisart,andifeveryoneinitisperfect,itwillbethemostboringplaceintheworld，”MrLeesaid,smiling.“Let’sgivehima(n)_______.”(2025年广州完形填空)A．chanceB.ideaC.breakD.handA点拨：由上文提及这条狗只有三条腿以及MrLee说如果戏剧里面的每个人都是完美的，它将是世界上最无聊的地方可知，此处指让我们给他(狗)一个机会。 2.Hefellinl_____withshadowpuppetplayduringavisittoamuseum.(2024年广州语篇填词)ove点拨：考查名词。固定搭配：fallinlovewithsth.意为“喜欢上某物”。love意为“喜爱；热爱”，是不可数名词。分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，名词词义辨析是必考点。对于此类题型，掌握名词的含义是基础，分析句子的语境是关键。1.名词的分类。名词根据其意义，可以分为专有名词和普通名词。2.常考名词归纳(根据2021—2025年中考完形填空总结)。(*表示2022年版课标新增单词)一、语法巩固。1.The________(builders/buildings)triedtomakethetowerstraightagainwhentheybuilttheupperfloors,butfailed.(7BU2)builders()2.LiWeilikesscienceandhisdreamistobea________likeTuYouyou.A.scientistB.singerC.driverD.dentistA()3.—Kevin,couldyoupassmesome________？It'ssohottoday.I'mreallythirsty.—OK.Hereyouare.A.riceB.breadC.waterD.oilC二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。The1.________(science)spentmany2.______(hour)studyingspace.Hewantedtofind3.________(secret)oftheuniverse.Hishard4.______(work)paidoff.Itledtoagreat5.__________(discover),makingeveryoneexcited.scientisthourssecretsworkdiscovery分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，名词考查共8次，主要在语境中考查名词的数：可数名词的单数形式(5年5考)、可数名词的复数形式(5年1考)、不可数名词(5年2考)。1.可数名词复数的规则变化。情况构成规则例子一般情况词尾直接加­sbook—______以s,x,ch,sh结尾词尾加­esbus—buses,watch—________以th结尾词尾加­smonth—months以o结尾(1)有生命，词尾加­es(2)无生命，词尾加­s(3)字母o前是元音，词尾加­stomato—________piano—pianoszoo—zoos以y结尾(1)字母y前是元音，词尾直接加­s(2)字母y前是辅音，词尾y变i，再加­esbirthday—birthdaysstory—______以f(e)结尾词尾f(e)变v，再加­eslife—lives,leaf—______bookswatchestomatoesstoriesleaves2.可数名词复数的不规则变化。(1)表示某一特定含义时，只有复数形式，如clothes(衣服),glasses(眼镜)。(2)形式上为复数，但意义为单数，如news,Maths。Thenewswassurprising./Mathsismyfavouritesubject.(3)由man和woman构成的合成名词，其复数形式是把词尾的man和woman变为men和women，如policeman—policemen。(4)由两个名词组成的复合名词，最后一个名词变成复数，如threeappletrees；当第一个名词是woman或man时，两个名词都要变成复数，如fourwomendoctors。(5)复合名词中起主导作用的主体名词变为复数形式，如passer­by—passers­by(行人)；若没有主体名词，就把复数词尾加在最后一个词上，如grown­up—grown­ups(成年人)。3.常考的不可数名词。4.有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同。一、语法巩固。1.Wewerelikelittle________(child/children)—wemadesnowballs,andthrewthematoneanother!(9BU5)2.Linglingshowsgreatinterestinpaintingandshehopestobean______(artist/artists).childrenartist()3.—Ican'tlearnEnglishwell.Canyougivemesome________？—Sure.WatchingEnglishprogrammesisagoodway.A.newsB.adviceC.messagesD.reasonsB二、微语境练。根据上下文和所给首字母写出所缺单词，注意使用正确形式。WhenIwaseight,Igotabookaboutstars.Afterreadingit,Ifellin1.l______withstudyingstars.Iusedtogooutsideonclear2.n_____andlookatthesky.Studyingthestarswasgreatfunforme.NowIhostaTVprogramme.Intheshow,Iusemy3.k_________totellpeopleaboutthestars.MyaudienceconsidersitveryinterestingbecauseIshareinformationaboutthestarsinalively4.w______.IamproudofmyTVprogramme.Actually,youcanturnyourhobbyintoyour5.c______too.IjustenjoywhatIdoandfinallyachievemydream.(7BU8改编)1._____2._______3.__________4._____5.______oveightsnowledgeayareerlovenightsknowledgewaycareer名词的量指的是名词所表示事物的数量或容量。在英语中，名词的量可以通过不同的方式来表达，具体可以分为可数名词和不可数名词的量。在广州卷中，不定代词修饰名词，表示名词的量，常在语法选择中考查。(1)不可数名词不能与不定冠词a或an连用，且没有复数形式。(2)不可数名词用“量词＋of”结构来表示具体容量或数量，如aglassofwater；在特定语境下，可数名词也可以用量词短语来表示数量，如abasketofapples。一、语法巩固。1.Thereare______(many/much)internationalfilmfestivalsaroundtheworld.(9AU5)()2.—What'syoursecretofwritingsowell?—Ireadalot,andtheworksofLuXunhadastrong________onmeasachild.A.differenceB.decisionC.influenceD.situationmanyC()3.Humorisatypeoflanguageart,whichbringsalotof________andlaughtertoourdailylives.A.pleasureB.successC.pressureD.supportA二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。Therearemanypeopleinthefleamarket(跳蚤市场)onweekends.Amongthem，three1._________(student)aresellingtheiroldthings.Theywanttoraisesome2._______(money)foraspecialpurpose.Theyplantobuytwo3.____(pair)ofshoes.Theshoesareforapoor4.______(girl)inneed.Thisactivitybringsthemgreatsatisfaction,becausetheyalwaysgetalotof5._____(joy)fromhelpingothers.studentsmoneypairsgirljoy名词所有格是用来表示事物之间所属关系的一种用法，根据其使用规则可以分为两大类：有生命的事物和没有生命的事物。1.有生命的名词，主要用's所有格。(1)表示共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's，如JaneandMary'sbike。(2)表示各自拥有，每个名词后都加's，如Jane'sandMary'sbikes。(3)表示在某人家或公共场所(如商店、饭店、医院等)时，可省略's后面的名词，如atmyuncle's＝atmyuncle'shouse,atthedoctor's＝atthedoctor'soffice。2.无生命的名词，主要用of所有格，但也有's的固定用法。3.双重所有格，'s所有格或名词性物主代词与of所有格相结合。一、语法巩固。1.Eyecontactmeanslookingintoanother_________(person/person's)eyes.Thisisaveryimportantpartofbodylanguage.(8BU2)()2.Myparentstookmetotheamusementparkon________Day.Thereweresomanyexcitingthingstodothere.A.Children'sB.ChildrenC.Child'sD.Childperson'sA()3.—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?—It's________.A.JackandPeter'sB.Jack'sandPeter'sC.JackandPeterD.Jack'sandPeterA二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。Lastmonth,Itookatripwithtwo1._______(friend)ofmine.WewenttoShaoxingandpaidavisitto2._________(LuXun)formerresidence(故居).Avolunteertoldusaboutthe3._______(history)ofthehouse.Wehadagoodtimethere.friendsLuXun'shistory一、名词在完形填空中的运用。分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，名词共考查12次(每年必考1～3题)，其中2次是根据词汇复现法来确定答案，10次是根据语境推断法来确定答案。IwashappyonTuesdaybecauseIwenttoChimelongParadisewithmyclassmatesandteachers.Therewereeight1._______inmyclassandfivepeopleineachgroup.()1.A.groupsB.studentsC.clubsD.roomsAgroupsWhenwegotthere,mygrouprantothescreamingzonefirst.Werodethemotorcyclerollercoaster(过山车).Thenwewatchedanexciting2.______.Themaincharacterofthemoviewasmyfavouritestar.Later,weweresohungryandwelookedfora3._________tohavelunch.Therestaurantsoldmanykindsoffood.Weorderedfourbowlsofbeefnoodlesandabowlofchickennoodles.Afterthat,werodeotherrollercoasters.Atlast,wewentbacktothebusstop.Thebustookusbacktoschool.Weweretiredthatday,butwehadagoodtime.()2.A.gameB.sportC.movieD.interview()3.A.cinemaB.restaurantC.libraryD.stationCBmovierestaurant

(新趋势·弘扬传统文化)Chinesetraditionalcultureisareallygreattreasurehouse,andlacquer(漆器)artisaspecialpartofit.Themainmaterialforthisartisnaturallacquer,whichcomesfromlacquertrees.Workersneedtobevery4._______whencollectingit.Theymustn'thurtthetreestoomuchbecausehealthytreesareimportantforgettinggood­qualitylacquer.()4.A.carefulB.richC.braveD.humorousAcarefulArtistshavetofollowmanystepstomakebeautifullacquerware.First,theychoosegoodmaterials,likestrongwoodorbamboo,tomakethebase.Thenthesematerialsaremadeinto5._________shapes,suchasniceteapots,smalltrays,orprettyboxes.Nextisanotherpartthatneedsmuch6.________：paintinglayerbylayeroflacquer.Eachlayermustdrywellinaplacewiththerightwetnessandtemperature.Thiscantakedaysorevenweeks.()5.A.strangeB.differentC.simpleD.popular()6.A.spaceB.waterC.informationD.patienceBDdifferentpatience二、名词在语篇填词中的运用。分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，名词共考查8次，其中4次是根据语境推断法来确定答案，4次是根据固定搭配法来确定答案。Mydreamistobeateacheroneday.Beingateacherisalwaysbelievedtobeoneofthegreatest1.j____，becauseteachershaveagreatinfluenceonstudents.AndIgotachancetoteachstudentslastweek.Ourschoolaskedmetoteachsome2.k_____inprimaryschool.Ifeltsoproudofteachingthem.1.______2.______obsidsjobskids(新趋势·弘扬传统文化)OncetherewasapainternamedWenTong.Hewas3.f_______forbamboopaintings.Manypeoplelovedhisworks.WenTonggrewlotsofbambooaroundhishouse.Hecarefullywatchediteveryday.Afteralongtime,WenTongcould4.r__________everydetailofit.Withoutlookingatit,hecouldpaintbamboowhichwasindifferentseasonsanddifferentweatherconditions.amousememberWheneverWenTongpickeduphisbrush,hecouldalreadythinkoutwhatbamboowouldlooklike.Hecouldpaintbamboo5.q_______andconfidently,forheknewbambooverywellandknewitbyheart.Peoplewereamazedatthelifelikebamboohepaintedinsuchashorttime.Hisfriendsaid,“Whenpaintingbamboo,WenTongdidn'tneedrealbambooinfrontofhimbecausethecompleteimagewasalreadyinhis6.m______.Now,theidiom“xiōngyǒuchéngzhú”meansthatsomeoneisconfidentbecauseheorshe7.p_________wellbeforedoingthings.(2025年广东广州黄埔中考一模)3.________4._________5._______6.______7.________uicklyindreparesfamousrememberquicklymindprepares

(新趋势·五育并举：德育)ZhangWei,a32­year­oldblindmasseur(按摩师)fromGuangzhou,neverlethisdisability1.______hisdreams.Bornwithpooreyesight,hecompletelylosthisvisionat12.Lifewasnoteasyforhimbecausehecouldnotfindajobtosupporthisfamily，oreventoearnaliving.However,he2.________tolearnmassageskillsthroughtouchingandmemorizingwhichchangedhislifegreatly.()1.A.breakB.controlC.organizeD.forget()2.A.refusedB.managedC.pretendedD.regretted完形填空。ABbreakmanagedAfewyearsago,heopenedasmallmassageshop.Atfirst,fewcustomerscamebecausethey3._______hisability.AllthepeoplearoundhimthoughtZhangwouldgiveupanddootherjobs.ButZhangkeptimprovinghisskills.Oneday,afamousreportervisitedhisshopandwas4.________toseeZhang'sexcellentskills.AfterlearningaboutthestoryofZhang,thereporterwroteanarticleabouthimina5._________，bringinghimmorecustomers.Zhangbecamefamou