2026年高考英语终极冲刺：大题预测04 阅读理解说明文+应用文写作（全国适用）（解析版）

PAGE4/20大题预测04阅读理解说明文+应用文写作（时间：40分钟满分：60分）一、阅读理解（30分）A（2026·陕西省榆林市·二模）Inhisstudio,SamWinstonisexperimentingwithinksoutoftobaccofromMarlborocigarettes,thejuiceofBelarusianchokeberriesandastrangehybridofeyeliner.ThecoloredsubstancesareusedtocreatewordsongiantflagsthatwillsoonhangfromtheceilingofLondon’sBarbicanCentreduringVoiced,Britain’sfirstartsfestivalcelebratingminorityandendangeredlanguages—connectingfivepoets’nativelanguageswithmaterialsfromtheirnativelandscapes.Quebec-bornwriterNormaDunning’sflagwillbearthewordC’sb,or“veins”inCanadiansyllabics(音节),madeoutofwildblueberriesfromherhometown.Winstonhasbeenplayingwithlanguageinhisartformanyyears,includingusingEgyptianhieroglyphs(象形文字)inhispicturebookOneandEverything.Winstonacknowledgesthesenseofurgencyandloss—everytwoweeks,anotherlanguagefallssilentandbytheendofthiscentury,halfoftheworld’s7,000languagesareexpectedtobecomeextinct.WinstongrewupinDevon,WalesandYorkshireasadyslexic(有阅读障碍的)boy.“Myexperienceofnotbeingabletocommunicatewhat’simportanttome,eveninEnglish,mademesympathetictoasituationwhereHawad,oneofthefivepoets,aTamajaght-speakingartistfromtheAirregionofNiger,cannotsharehislanguageandhiscultureinawaythatissupportedbyanyonebeyondthissmallcommunity.Thatmademerealizethatit’sreallyimportanttocreatespacesandsaythesevoicesmatter.”Somestillfavortheprospectofasingleuniversallanguage.NotWinston.“Ifweonlyhaveonepaintbrushtopaintwith,andonlyonecolortopaintin,that,fromanartisticperspective,isadisaster,”Winstonsays.“Languageisanexpressionofbeinghuman,andthat’satthecoreofthefestival.Youcanturnupandlearnaboutalotofdiversecultures.”1．WhyisWinstonexperimentingwithinks?A．Topromoteproducefromhishometown.B．Tolearnfivefamouspoets’nativelanguages.C．TowritehispicturebookOneandEverything.D．Toprepareforalanguage-themedartsfestival.2．Whatisstressedinparagraph3?A．Languagecrises. B．Languageaccessibility.C．Causesoflanguagebarriers. D．Popularlanguagetypes.3．WhatenabledWinstontounderstandHawad’ssituation?A．HisexcellenceinEnglish. B．Hischildhoodexperience.C．Hiscapabilitytowritepoems. D．HismemoryoflivinginNiger.4．WhichstatementdoesWinstonagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Artistsshouldsticktotraditionaltools. B．Asingleuniversallanguageisnecessary.C．Humanlanguageshouldfeaturediversity. D．Artworksaremoreexpressivethanlanguage.【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍SamWinston为语言主题艺术节创作作品，通过艺术形式关注少数民族和濒危语言，表达对语言多样性的重视。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThecoloredsubstancesareusedtocreatewordsongiantflagsthatwillsoonhangfromtheceilingofLondon’sBarbicanCentreduringVoiced,Britain’sfirstartsfestivalcelebratingminorityandendangeredlanguages—connectingfivepoets’nativelanguageswithmaterialsfromtheirnativelandscapes.(这些有色物质将被用来在巨大的旗帜上创作文字，这些旗帜很快将在伦敦巴比肯中心的天花板上悬挂，届时将举办英国首个庆祝少数民族和濒危语言的艺术节——将五位诗人的母语与他们家乡的材料联系起来)”可知，Winston实验墨水是为了为一个语言主题的艺术节做准备。故选D项。2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Winstonacknowledgesthesenseofurgencyandloss—everytwoweeks,anotherlanguagefallssilentandbytheendofthiscentury,halfoftheworld’s7,000languagesareexpectedtobecomeextinct.(Winston承认这种紧迫感和失落感——每两周就有一种语言消失，到本世纪末，世界上7000种语言中预计有一半会灭绝)”可知，第三段重点强调了语言危机。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“WinstongrewupinDevon,WalesandYorkshireasadyslexic(有阅读障碍的)boy.“Myexperienceofnotbeingabletocommunicatewhat’simportanttome,eveninEnglish,mademesympathetictoasituationwhereHawad,oneofthefivepoets,aTamajaght-speakingartistfromtheAirregionofNiger,cannotsharehislanguageandhiscultureinawaythatissupportedbyanyonebeyondthissmallcommunity.Thatmademerealizethatit’sreallyimportanttocreatespacesandsaythesevoicesmatter.”(温斯顿在德文郡、威尔士和约克郡长大，是一个有阅读障碍的男孩。‘我甚至用英语都无法表达对我来说重要的事情，这种经历让我对五位诗人之一、来自尼日尔艾尔地区的讲塔马贾特语的艺术家Hawad的处境产生了同情，他无法以一种得到这个小社区之外任何人支持的方式分享他的语言和文化.这让我意识到，创造空间，说出这些声音很重要，这真的很重要。’)”可知，Winston的童年经历（有阅读障碍，无法顺利表达自己）让他理解了Hawad的处境。故选B项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Somestillfavortheprospectofasingleuniversallanguage.NotWinston.Ifweonlyhaveonepaintbrushtopaintwith,andonlyonecolortopaintin,that,fromanartisticperspective,isadisaster,”Winstonsays.“Languageisanexpressionofbeinghuman,andthat’satthecoreofthefestival.Youcanturnupandlearnaboutalotofdiversecultures.(有些人仍然看好单一通用语言的前景。但温斯顿不这么认为。‘如果我们只有一支画笔，只有一种颜色可以绘画，从艺术的角度来说，这是一场灾难。’Winston说：‘语言是人类存在的一种表达，这也是这个节日的核心。你可以来这里了解很多不同的文化。’)”可知，Winston认为人类语言应该具有多样性。故选C项。B（2026·浙江宁波市·二模）ThegrammarschoolboyfromStratford-Upon-AvonhasmadeheadlinesagainafteragroundbreakingstudyshowedthatShakespearedoesbenefitchildren’sliteracyandemotionaldevelopment,butonlyiftheycanacthimout.Thestudyfoundthatadrama-basedapproachtoteachingShakespearebroadenedchildren’svocabulary,improvedthequalityoftheirwriting,andenhancedtheiremotionalunderstanding.“Thewayactorsworkmakesabigdifferencetohowchildrenuselanguageandhowtheythinkaboutthemselves,”saidJacquiO’Hanlon,leadresearcherofthestudy.TherandomtrialinvolvedhundredsofYear5pupils(agednineandten)at45stateprimaryschools.Thechildrenweredividedintoatargetgroupandacontrolgroup.BothgroupsreadapassagefromRomeoandJulietandwereaskedtowritealetterasRomeoafterbeingseparatedfromJuliet.Beforewriting,thetargetgrouptookpartina30-minutedrama-basedactivity,whilethecontrolgroupdidnot.Itwasshownthatpupilsinthetargetgroupdrewonawidervocabulary,usedmorecomplicatedorrarerwords,andwroteatgreaterlength.Theyalsoappearedmorecomfortablewritinginrole.Whilepupilsinthecontrolgroupimaginedhowtheythemselveswouldreacttobeingseparatedfromalovedone,childreninthetargetgroupputthemselvesinRomeo’sshoesandexpressedthatcharacter’semotion.O’Hanlonsaidshehadbeenmostsurprisedbytheemotionalunderstandingevidentinthechildren’swriting,andthattheyshoweddeeperempathyandexpressedemotionsmorevividly.“Itisprobablyrelatedtothedrama-basedprocess,whereyouareusedtotryingtothinkandfeelasthecharacter,”sheadded.Butcouldtheresultsbereproducedwithanyolddramatists?O’HanlonsaidmoreresearchwouldbeneededbutsuggestedthatShakespeare’suseof20,000words,comparedwiththeeveryday2,000words,gaveamassiveexpansionoflanguageintochildren’slives,whichwascombinedwithchildrenusingtheirwholebodiestobringwordstolife.5．Whatdoesthestudyencouragechildrentodo?A．PerformShakespeare’sworks. B．Writetheirownoriginalplays.C．LearnShakespeare’slinesbyheart. D．Watchprofessionalactingonstage.6．Whichaspectofthestudydoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Itsprocedure. B．Itsbackground.C．Itspurpose. D．Itssignificance.7．WhatimpressedO’Hanlonmostaboutthetargetgroup’swriting?A．Passagefluency. B．Emotionaldepth.C．Wordcomplexity. D．Plotimagination.8．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Practicemakesperfect. B．Learningbydoingworksbest.C．Readingmakesafullman. D．Wordsarethevoiceofthemind.【答案】5．A6．A7．B8．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明，通过戏剧方式教授莎士比亚作品能提升孩子的读写能力和情感理解力。5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThegrammarschoolboyfromStratford-Upon-AvonhasmadeheadlinesagainafteragroundbreakingstudyshowedthatShakespearedoesbenefitchildren’sliteracyandemotionaldevelopment,butonlyiftheycanacthimout.(这位来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福德的文法学校男生再次成为头条新闻，此前一项突破性的研究表明，莎士比亚确实有益于儿童的读写能力和情感发展，但前提是他们能把他演出来)”以及第二段中“Thestudyfoundthatadrama-basedapproachtoteachingShakespearebroadenedchildren’svocabulary,improvedthequalityoftheirwriting,andenhancedtheiremotionalunderstanding.(研究发现，以戏剧为基础的莎士比亚教学方法拓宽了孩子们的词汇量，提高了他们的写作质量，增强了他们的情感理解力)”可知，这项研究鼓励孩子们表演莎士比亚的作品。故选A。6．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“TherandomtrialinvolvedhundredsofYear5pupils(agednineandten)at45stateprimaryschools.Thechildrenweredividedintoatargetgroupandacontrolgroup.BothgroupsreadapassagefromRomeoandJulietandwereaskedtowritealetterasRomeoafterbeingseparatedfromJuliet.Beforewriting,thetargetgrouptookpartina30-minutedrama-basedactivity,whilethecontrolgroupdidnot.(这项随机试验涉及45所公立小学的数百名五年级学生（9岁和10岁）。孩子们被分为目标组和对照组。两组都阅读了《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中的一段，并被要求以罗密欧的身份写一封信，讲述与朱丽叶分离后的感受。在写作之前，目标组参加了一个30分钟的以戏剧为基础的活动，而对照组没有)”可知，本段介绍了研究的参与对象、分组方式与具体实验步骤，即介绍了研究的过程。故选A。7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“O’Hanlonsaidshehadbeenmostsurprisedbytheemotionalunderstandingevidentinthechildren’swriting,andthattheyshoweddeeperempathyandexpressedemotionsmorevividly.(O’Hanlon说，最让她惊讶的是孩子们写作中表现出的情感理解力，他们表现出更深的同理心，更生动地表达情感)”可知，O’Hanlon对目标组写作印象最深刻的是情感深度。故选B。8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thestudyfoundthatadrama-basedapproachtoteachingShakespearebroadenedchildren’svocabulary,improvedthequalityoftheirwriting,andenhancedtheiremotionalunderstanding.(研究发现，以戏剧为基础的莎士比亚教学方法拓宽了孩子们的词汇量，提高了他们的写作质量，增强了他们的情感理解力)”以及倒数第二段中““Itisprobablyrelatedtothedrama-basedprocess,whereyouareusedtotryingtothinkandfeelasthecharacter,”sheadded.(她补充道：“这可能与基于戏剧的过程有关，在这个过程中，你习惯于像角色一样思考和感受。”)”可推知，通过戏剧表演实践学习莎士比亚效果显著，体现“在实践中学习效果最佳”。故选B。C（2026·江西宜春市·二模）Newresearchchallengesthewidespreadbeliefthatartificialintelligenceistriggeringasharpriseinglobalgreenhousegasemissions.ThestudysuggeststhatAI’soverallinfluenceonworldwidepollutionissmallandcouldevensupportenvironmentalandeconomicprogress.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofWaterlooandtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyanalyzedU.S.economicdataalongsideestimatesofhowfrequentlyAItoolsareusedacrossdifferentindustries.TheirgoalwastounderstandwhatmighthappentotheenvironmentifAIadoptionincreasesalongitscurrentpath.AccordingtotheU.S.EnergyInformationAdministration,83percentofthenation’seconomicactivityreliesonpetroleum,coalandnaturalgas.Thesefuelsreleasegreenhousegaseswhenburned.TheresearchersnotedthattotalenergyusefromAIintheUnitedStatesmatchedtheelectricityconsumptionofIceland,yetthisamountremainedinsignificantwhenviewedatnationalorgloballevels.“Itisimportanttonotethattheincreaseinenergyuseisnotgoingtobeuniform.It’sgoingtobefeltmoreintheplaceswhereelectricityisproducedtopowerthedatacenters,”saidDr.JuanMoreno-Cruz,aprofessorintheFacultyofEnvironmentatWaterlooandCanadaResearchChairinEnergyTransitions.“Ifyoulookatthatenergyfromthelocalperspective,that’sabigdealbecausesomeplacescouldseedoubletheamountofelectricityoutputandemissions.Butatalargerscale,AI’suseofenergywon’tbenoticeable.”Thestudydidnotexploreeconomicoutcomeswithinthespecificcommunitiesthathostdatacenters,buttheresearchersidentifiedseveralpositivetakeaways.“ForpeoplewhobelievethattheuseofAIwillbeamajorproblemfortheclimateandthinkweshouldavoidit,we’reofferingadifferentperspective,”Moreno-Cruzsaid.“Theeffectsonclimatearenotthatsignificant,andwecanuseAItodevelopgreentechnologiesortoimproveexistingones.Movingforward,weintendtoapplythesameapproachtoadditionalcountriesinordertounderstandhowAIadoptionmayinfluenceenvironmentaloutcomesacrossdifferentregionsoftheworld.”9．Whydidthescientistsconductthisresearch?A．ToanalyzeAI’sindustrialapplicationfrequency.B．Topromoteenvironmentalandeconomicprogress.C．Tocalculateeconomicdataacrossdifferentindustries.D．ToexploreAI’senvironmentaleffectsinitspresenttrend.10．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．USAIenergyuseissmallonaglobalscale.B．Iceland’spowerconsumptionismainlydrivenbyAI.C．MostUSfossilfuelsareusedtopowerAIdatacenters.D．83%ofUSfossilfuelsareconsumedforAIenergyuse.11．WhatisDr.Moreno-Cruz’sattitudetowardsAI’seffectontheclimate?A．Neutral. B．Dismissive. C．Objective. D．Concerned.12．Whatwilltheresearchersdointheirfollow-upresearch?A．Studydatacenters’economicoutcomes. B．Expandtheirresearchtomorecountries.C．MeasureAI’sexactinfluenceinallregions. D．EmployAItodevelopandupgradegreentech.【答案】9．D10．A11．C12．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了新研究反驳了AI会大幅增加温室气体排放的观点，其全球环境影响较小。研究还指出AI有助环保发展，未来团队将把研究拓展到更多国家。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“TheirgoalwastounderstandwhatmighthappentotheenvironmentifAIadoptionincreasesalongitscurrentpath.(他们的目标是探究如果人工智能的采用继续按照当前趋势发展，环境将会发生怎样的变化)”可知，科学家的主要目的是探究如果AI按照当前趋势发展下去，会对环境产生什么影响。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据第三段“TheresearchersnotedthattotalenergyusefromAIintheUnitedStatesmatchedtheelectricityconsumptionofIceland,yetthisamountremainedinsignificantwhenviewedatnationalorgloballevels.(研究人员指出，美国在人工智能领域所消耗的总能源量与冰岛的电力消耗量相当，但从国家或全球层面来看，这一数量仍微不足道)”可知，在全球范围内，美国的人工智能能源消耗量相对较少。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据第四段“Ifyoulookatthatenergyfromthelocalperspective,that’sabigdealbecausesomeplacescouldseedoubletheamountofelectricityoutputandemissions.Butatalargerscale,AI’suseofenergywon’tbenoticeable.(从当地的角度来看，这种变化意义重大，因为某些地区的发电量和排放量可能会增加一倍。但从更宏观的角度来看，人工智能对能源的利用并不会引起明显的变化)”以及最后一段“Theeffectsonclimatearenotthatsignificant,andwecanuseAItodevelopgreentechnologiesortoimproveexistingones.(对气候的影响并不那么显著，我们可以利用人工智能来开发绿色技术或者改进现有的技术)”可知，Dr.Moreno-Cruz在文中既指出了AI能源使用在局部地区（如数据中心所在地）可能带来显著影响，又强调在全球层面AI的能源消耗并不显著，同时还提出AI可用于开发绿色技术。这种既看到问题又看到机遇，既分析局部又着眼全局的论述方式，体现了客观全面的态度。故选C。12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Movingforward,weintendtoapplythesameapproachtoadditionalcountriesinordertounderstandhowAIadoptionmayinfluenceenvironmentaloutcomesacrossdifferentregionsoftheworld.(接下来，我们计划将同样的方法应用于更多的国家，以了解人工智能的采用情况如何影响全球不同地区的环境状况)”可知，他们下一步计划将研究扩展到更多国家。故选B。二、书信写作（30分）A（2026·浙江绍兴·二模）假如你是李华，你所在国际学校将开设劳动实践类校本课程“匠心工坊”(Craft&DevotionLab)，请你给课程负责人Mr.Smith写一封电子邮件，申请成为学生助教，内容包括：(1)陈述对课程的理解；(2)分析自身申请优势。注意:(1)写作词数应为100左右；(2)可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearMr.Smith,IamLiHua,writingtoapplyforthepositionofteachingassistantintheCraft&DevotionWorkshop.Ifirmlybelievethiscourseisinvaluable.Itoffersawonderfulplatformcombiningcraftsmanshipwithcreativethinking.It’snotjustaboutskillsbutaboutcultivatingpatience,whichareofgreatsignificanceforourpersonalgrowth.Iamwell-suitedforthisrole.Firstly,withadeeppassionfortraditionalcrafts,Ihavelearnedpaper-cuttingandwoodcarvingforyears.Also,myleadershipexperienceasclassmonitorwillallowmetoassistclassmateseffectivelyandfosteracollaborativeatmosphere.Thankyouforyourconsideration.I’meagertocontributetothecourse.Yourssincerely,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给课程负责人史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，申请成为劳动实践校本课程“匠心工坊”的学生助教。【详解】1.词汇积累宝贵的：invaluable→precious极好的：wonderful→brilliant适合的：well-suited→qualified合作的：collaborative→cooperative2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Itoffersawonderfulplatformcombiningcraftsmanshipwithcreativethinking.拓展句：Itoffersawonderfulplatformwhichcombinescraftsmanshipwithcreativethinking.【点睛】【高分句型1】It’snotjustaboutskillsbutaboutcultivatingpatience,whichareofgreatsignificanceforourpersonalgrowth.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】IamLiHua,writingtoapplyforthepositionofteachingassistantintheCraft&DevotionWorkshop.（运用了现在分词作状语）B（2026·浙江宁波市·二模）假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris报名参加了“世界地球日”海报设计大赛，他创作了两个版本（见下图），向你征求意见。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．你的选择；2．说明理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearChris,Gladtohearyou’reparticipatingintheWorldEarthDaypostercontest!__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】PossibleVersion1DearChris,Gladtohearyou’reparticipatingintheWorldEarthDaypostercontest!Betweenthetwoversions,Ihighlyrecommendthefirstone,“ThereisnoPlanetB.”Ipreferthisdesignfortwomainreasons.Visually,theposterfeaturesacryingandsweatingEarth,withfactorychimneysemittingtoxicsmokeonitstop.Itvividly