2026年高考英语终极冲刺:秘籍02 语法填空(无词填空之连词、介词、冠词、it)(抢分秘籍)(原卷版及全解全析)_第1页
2026年高考英语终极冲刺:秘籍02 语法填空(无词填空之连词、介词、冠词、it)(抢分秘籍)(原卷版及全解全析)_第2页
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2/21秘籍02语法填空(无词填空之连词、介词、冠词、it)目录一、无词填空之连词01二、无词填空之介词05三、无词填空之冠词08四、无词填空之it11一、无词填空之连词高考语法填空的无词填空中,连词是核心考点。应试时,先分析句子结构:若两个主谓结构之间无标点或仅有逗号,则必填连词。接着判断逻辑关系:并列(and/but)、选择(or)、因果(so/for)、或主从(名词性从句的that/whether,定语从句的关系词,状语从句的when/if等)。关键在于厘清分句间是平行、转折还是从属关系,从而准确锁定连词。易错点1:定语从句:关系词选错或多余(2025年1月浙江高考)Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,______sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalonger-termrentalperiod.易错点:误填that或what。thatvs.which:that不能引导非限制性定语从句(逗号后),因此只能填which。whatvs.which:what不能引导定语从句;what引导名词性从句,前面不能有先行词。此处前面有名词clothing作先行词,故只能用which。变式1:(2024·全国甲卷改编)YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalparkuntilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,______becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsin1980.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)IsabelWang,______studiesatNewYorkUniversity,saysshewasmovedtotearsatthescene.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.whose变式3:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestandsattheendofapathretracingthestepsalongtheSilkRoute______broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsia.A.whereB.whoC.whenD.which易错点2:名词性从句:that与what混淆真题:(2025年北京卷)Thetruth,though,is______couldbeguessed—there'sneveranyoneelsehere.Justme,Nick,andthequietforest.易错点:误填that。错误原因:考生看到从句结构相对完整,容易忽略谓语动词couldbeguessed缺少主语,误以为从句不缺少成分而填that。避坑指南:判断名词性从句用that还是what,关键看从句是否缺成分:从句缺主语/宾语/表语(缺名词性成分)→用what从句不缺成分,句意完整→用that变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Onacool,starrynightinmid-September1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin______isnownorthwesternWyoming.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where变式2:(2024·浙江1月卷)Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappyto______theybuy,perhapsitisn'tsuchabadthing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where变式3:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)Thetraditionalview______flowerandplantbuyersaremainlythosewithplentyoffreetimehaschangedinrecentyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.who易错点3:状语从句:逻辑关系误判真题:(2025年全国二卷)IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,______bambooandteabushesgrowwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn'texist.-1易错点:误填which或that。错误原因:考生看到空后是一个完整的句子,容易误以为是定语从句,认为先行词是"thecountryside"而误填关系代词which。但仔细分析可知,此处并非修饰先行词的定语从句(如果填which,从句缺主语),而是修饰主句谓语的地点状语从句。避坑指南:判断状语从句的关键在于分析从句与主句的逻辑关系——是修饰动作(时间、地点、原因、条件等),还是修饰名词。此处从句说明"生活在哪里"的地点背景,故为状语从句。二、无词填空之介词高考语法填空的无词填空中,介词主要考察固定搭配与逻辑关系。应试时遵循“上下求索”原则:上看动词/形容词(如comeupwith,beinterestedin),下看名词(如onthecontrary)。牢记时间介词(in/on/at)、方位介词(under/behind)的基本用法。若前后无提示,则根据句意补充表示方式、原因、目的的介词(by/for/to)。遇到空格,先扫前后搭配,再补逻辑关系。易错点1:介词的多余与缺失真题:(2025年全国二卷)Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedme______thisone—andtobesure,thefirsttimeIcamehereIneverimaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthishomeorarea.易错点:误以为prepare是及物动词可直接加宾语,漏填介词for。错误原因:考生知道prepare有"准备"的意思,但混淆了其及物与不及物用法:preparesth.(准备某物):及物,直接加宾语,如preparedinner(准备晚餐)prepareforsth.(为某事做准备):不及物,需加介词forpreparesb.forsth.(使某人为某事做好准备):及物,但需用介词for引出准备的对象避坑指南:遇到动词,先回想其完整搭配结构。常考易漏介词的动词短语包括:preparefor、providesb.with/providesth.forsb.、thanksb.for、congratulatesb.on等。变式1:(2025·浙江名校联考)Thecommitteediscussedtheproposalforthreehoursbutfailedtoreachanyagreement.Theyneedtoapproachtheproblem______anewperspective.变式2:(2024·湖北武汉调研)Theyoungmanwaspraised______hisbraveryinrescuingthechildfromtheburninghouse.Themayorpresentedhimwithanawardattheceremony.变式3:(2023·全国乙卷改编)Thetemple,whichdatesbacktotheTangDynasty,isfamous______itsuniquearchitecturalstyleandancientmurals.Thousandsoftouristsvisititeveryyear.易错点2:易忽略的逻辑介词真题:(2025年北京卷)Afterall,exploringtheworldshouldn'tcome______theplanet'sexpense.易错点:误填with、for或in。错误原因:考生看到"expense"(花费、代价),容易联想到"withexpense"(带有花费)、"forexpense"(为了花费)或"inexpense"(在花费方面),但这些都是中式思维的直接翻译。英语中"以……为代价"有固定搭配at...expense,无法用其他介词替代。避坑指南:当空格前后无动词/形容词搭配提示时,考虑"方式、代价、手段、伴随"等逻辑关系。这类介词往往隐藏在固定短语中,如:atthecostof(以……为代价)、bymeansof(通过……方式)、inreturnfor(作为……回报)。变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestands______agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChina.变式2:(2025·浙江名校联考)Theyoungartistgainedrecognition______hisuniquestyle,whichcombinestraditionalChinesepaintingwithmodernelements.变式3:(2024·全国甲卷)Thetemplewasbuiltentirely______wood,andithasstoodforover1,000yearswithoutcollapsing.三、无词填空之冠词高考语法填空的无词填空中,冠词主要考察泛指与特指。应试时遵循“先辨可数,再分泛指特指”原则:若空格后为可数名词单数,且首次提及、表泛指,填a/an(辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用an);若为特指(上文已提、被后置定语修饰、或独一无二的事物),填the。注意零冠词的固定搭配(如atschool)。遇到空格,先看名词单复,再判指代新旧。易错点1:可数名词单数前冠词缺失真题:(2025年1月浙江卷)Thepriceoffashion—economicallyandenvironmentally—hasledtotheriseof______newwayofdressing,andit‘sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.易错点:漏填冠词,直接写newway。错误原因:考生受中文思维影响(“催生了新的穿衣方式”),误以为可数名词单数可以单独使用。但英语语法规定:可数名词单数不能单独使用,必须有限定词(冠词/物主代词/指示代词等)。避坑指南:看到单数可数名词,立即判断是否需要冠词。若为泛指(首次提及/表示“一个”),用a/an;若为特指(上文提过/后置定语修饰),用the。变式1:(2024·全国甲卷)Thetemple,whichdatesbacktotheTangDynasty,isconsidered______importantculturalheritagesite.变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)IsabelWang,whostudiesatNewYorkUniversity,saysshewasmovedtotearsatthescene.Itwas______unforgettableexperienceforher.变式3:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestandsas______greatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChina.易错点2:零冠词与定冠词混淆真题:(2023年浙江卷1月)Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect______cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.易错点:误填零冠词(即漏填the)。错误原因:考生牢记“抽象名词前不加冠词”的规则,却忽略了特指时抽象名词必须加the。culture单独使用时可泛指“文化”,但一旦被后置定语(of...)或定语从句修饰,就转化为具体特指的概念,需要用the。避坑指南:抽象名词/物质名词的判断标准:无修饰语→零冠词表泛指;有后置定语/限定性修饰→用the表特指。例如:advice(泛指建议)→theadvicehegaveme(他给我的那条建议)。变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor______firsttime.变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)(2024·浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions.Then,whenyouuseonesection,______otherstaysfresh.变式3:(2022年1月浙江卷)Thetactile(可触)paintingsworkasawaytoshowartto______blindbecausewedon'tseewithjustoureyes:Weseewithourbrains.四、无词填空之it高考语法填空的无词填空中,it的考点主要集中于指代与句型。应试时,先看空格位置:若位于句首且后含不定式/从句,考虑形式主语(Itisadj.todo...);若动词后接宾补且缺宾语,考虑形式宾语(finditadj.todo)。若强调谓语部分,考虑强调句型(Itis...that)。若句意指代前文同一事物、天气、时间或距离,则填it。无词填空遇it,先分指代后句型。易错点1:it与that/one的指代混淆真题:(2025·全国新课标卷)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.Ifyouwanttogetagood,youneedtofindanothermethod.易错点:混淆it与one的指代功能。错误原因:考生看到前文有tworeports,容易误用it指代“报告”。但it指代的是同类同物(同一个报告),而此处是想获得“另一个好的报告”,属于同类异物(泛指),必须用one。避坑指南:it:指上文提到的同一个事物(特指)。如:Iboughtabook.Itisinteresting.(同一本书)one:指上文提到的同类事物中的某一个(泛指)。如:Ineedapen.Canyoulendmeone?(任意一支笔)that:特指同类事物,常带后置定语。如:TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofNanjing.(特指南京的天气)变式1:(2024·浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions.Then,whenyouuseonesection,______otherstaysfresh.Butifyouwantawholenewpack,youcanbuy______.A.the;itB.an;oneC.the;oneD.an;it变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthan______insomelargerschools,butthefacilitiesherearenotasmodernas______inthoseschools.A.that;thatB.that;thoseC.those;thoseD.one;ones变式3:(2023·全国甲卷改编)—Wouldyouliketobuyacarhere?—Yes,butI'dliketobuy______madeinShanghai.Theoneovertherelooksnice,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneyfor______.A.one;itB.it;oneC.one;oneD.it;it易错点2:形式主语/宾语滥用或缺失真题:(2025·全国二卷)Overtime,I'vefound______feelingextremelyathomeinthishomeandthisvillage.易错分析:易误填it。考生可能机械地认为动词后缺宾语就填it,忽略了此处真正的宾语是反身代词myself,且后接现在分词作宾补。findit+adj.+todo是常见结构,但句中无形容词和不定式,不符合形式宾语的使用条件。变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)Thedesignfeaturestensteel"sepals"madeofglassandaluminium.Thesesepalsopenonwarmdaystogivetheinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Manyvisitorsfind______amazingtowatchthesepalsopenandclosewiththeweather.变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)Theprofessormade______cleartoallstudentsthatthefinalexamwouldcovertheentiretextbook,notjustthefirstfewchapters.变式3:(2023·全国乙卷改编)______isuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesarevitaltourbanlife,providingshade,reducingnoise,andimprovingairquality.易错点3:强调句型中的it误用真题:(2025·全国新课标卷)Was______inthelibrary______youborrowedthebook?(根据2021年全国乙卷单选题改编为语法填空语境)易错点:误填that或where,或混淆强调句与定语从句。误填that在第一空:考生可能认为两个空都填that,但强调句必须用it作形式主语。误填where在第二空:考生看到"inthelibrary"是地点,误以为where引导地点状语从句或定语从句。但本句是强调句型,无论强调什么成分(时间、地点、原因),连接词都只能用that(强调人时可用who)。避坑指南:判断强调句的黄金法则——去掉"Itis/was...that/who"后,剩下的部分是否还是一个完整句子?若是,则为强调句,必须用it和that(或who)。变式1:(2024·浙江1月卷改编)Itwasinthesmallvillage______theyspenttheirchildhood______theydecidedtobuildaschool.变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)Itwasnotuntilmidnight______theyfinallyreachedanagreement.变式3:(2023·全国甲卷改编)—Wherewasit______youpickedupthewallet?—Itwasinthepark______Iwastakingawalk.【押题新高考题型一】语法填空无词填空之连词1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinsteadonthefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowear______arenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobesorcontributingtolandfill.2.(2024·浙江1月卷)Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome______youcan'tusewhatyou'veboughtwhileit'sstillfresh.3.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,______sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers.4.(2025·广东二调)Theconcept,firstproposedbyChineselandscapearchitectKongjianYu,usesnaturalwatersystemsinurbansitestoreducethepossibilityofflooding,watershortagesandtheurbanheatislandeffect,anditisnowbeingpractisedallovertheworld.HavinggrownupinruralChina,Yudevelopedanawarenessoftheseasonalmovementofnaturalwaterwaysandtheroleofvegetationinregulatingtheirflow.WitnessingtheeffectivenessofChineseirrigationnetworkshelpedhimdevelopthespongecityphilosophy,______eventuallybecamepartofChina'surbanismpolicyin2014.5.(2025·皖南八校联考)InruralChina,25percentofhouseholdsstillrelyondirtytoilets—particularlyinwater-scarce,frozenregions______sewersystemsaremuchtoocostly,accordingtotheteam.6.(2025·广东广州模考)Learningaskillcanbringquickerresultsthanstudyingtheory,______thatshouldn'tbetheonlyreason."______mattersmostisknowingwhoyouwanttobecomeandchoosingtherightpath,"asYufansaid.7.(2025·广东领航高中联盟)OtherChinglishcancombinesoundsandmeaningstocreatehumorousphrases.Forinstance,thepopularityoftheiPhoneinChinahasledconsumerstoeagerlypurchaseone.That's______theyhavecallediPhones"iFeng".8.(2025·湖北十一校联考)InfluencedbyChineseculture,henowapproacheseverythingwithabroaderperspective,particularlyattachinggreatvaluetofamily."Culturalexchangeisextremelysignificantbecauseitpromotesmutualunderstanding,andthatis______essentiallythekeytoachievingpeaceandharmony,"saidWiggin.9.(2025·湖南雅礼中学月考)Thisyear,Chinaintroducedadditionalfavorablepoliciestofacilitatecross-bordertravelandattractmoreforeignvisitors."ThesevisafacilitationmeasureshaveencouragedalargenumberofforeignfriendstocometoChinafortourismandbusiness,______boostedinboundconsumption,andfurtherenhancedunderstandingandfriendshipbetweenpeopleinChinaandothercountries,"shesaid.10.(2025·湖南雅礼中学月考)FromJanuarytoJune,Chinarecordedatotalof13.64millionvisa-freeinboundtripsmadebyforeigners,up53.9percentyear-on-year,LyuNing,anofficialspokeswoman,saidonWednesday.Thesetripsaccountedfor71.2percentofallinboundtripsmadebyforeignersinthefirsthalfoftheyear,______Lyusaid.【押题新高考题型二】无词填空之介词1.(2025·广东二调)Forsythia(连翘)isoneoftheearliestflowersbloominginspring,______MarchandMay.2.(2025·广东二调)DuringJulyandAugustitproducesfruit,oftenused______traditionalChinesemedicine,provenbysomeoftheearliestChinesemedicaltextsdating______some4,000years.3.(2026·湖南新高考介词专项)ShespokeEnglish______aheavyBritishaccent.4.(2025·广东二调)Itis______popularplantknown______itsbarebranchesfilled______brilliantyellowflowers.5.(2025·广东领航高中联盟)Inresponse______supplyshortagesofBingDwenDwenproducts,theorganizershavecoordinatedwithmanufacturers.6.(2025·湖南雅礼中学月考)AchieversisanorganizationwhichparticipatesinYoungEnterpriseand,______itsownexpense,providesfacilitiesbymakingavailablecommunications,adviceandencouragement.7.(2026·湖南新高考介词专项)Shegoestoschool______bikeeverymorning,notbybus.8.(2026·湖南新高考介词专项)Shewaslateforschoolbecause______theheavyrain.9.(2026届高考英语语法专题)Dadmovedthedinnertable______thedoor,incasethefloodwaterforcedthedooropen.10.(2026届高考英语语法专题)Themotherisstaringatthecomingschoolbus______greatconcern.【押题新高考题型三】无词填空之冠词1.(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Goisoneof______earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.ThemovementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy.2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor______firsttime.3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then,whenyouuseonesection,______otherstaysfresh.4.(2025·1月浙江卷)Thepriceoffashion—economicallyandenvironmentally—hasledtotheriseof______newwayofdressing,andit'sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.5.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Themeatshouldbefreshwith______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.6.(2026·浙江省台州高三一模)Fortheancientpaintingsandcalligraphy,themountingmethodsandrestorationtechniquesare______national-levelintangibleculturalheritageitem.7.(2023·浙江1月卷)Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect______cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.8.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Notthepandas,eventhough______languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.9.(2026届高考二轮复习专项)ForHindus,Diwaliisatime______charitablegivingandselflessservice.10.(2022·1月浙江卷)Thetactile(可触)paintingsworkasawaytoshowartto______blindbecausewedon'tseewithjustoureyes:Weseewithourbrains.【押题新高考题型四】无词填空之it1.(2026·天津和平区二模)Aftermonthsofwaitingandwonderingabouthisjobapplicationstatus,______suddenlystruckherthatsheshouldcheckheremailforanyupdatesornotifications.2.(2026·上海宝山区一模)社区志愿者在共享单车的把手上安装了防风手套,好贴心呀!(汉译英)(It)3.(2025·上海长宁区模拟)对于职场新人而言,去公司各个部门进行实践,获得全方位的感知,这一点至关重要。(汉译英)(It)4.(2026·组卷网)Lindamakes______aruletokeepadiaryeveryday.5.(2026·组卷网)Iwouldappreciate______,franklyspeaking,ifthegoodscouldbedeliveredassoonaspossible.-36.(2026·组卷网)Peoplehate______whentheyareinterruptedwhileworking.-37.(2026·高考英语语法专题)Itwasonlyafterhewentabroad______herealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.8.(2026·高考英语语法专题)ItwaswhenIreadhispoems______Ibegantoappreciatethesebuildings'beauty.9.(2026·组卷网)—Oh,dear!Weonlyhave15minutestogettothestation.—Soterrible!Thereisn'tanytaxiaroundwhenyouwant________.10.(2025·天津市滨海新区四模)______isimportantforstudents______goodstudyhabits.语篇押题1Paper-cutting,atraditionalChineseartform,1.______(date)backtothe6thcentury.It2.______(list)asanintangibleculturalheritagebyUNESCOin2009.Paper-cuttingisnotonlyacraftbutalsoaway3.______(express)people’swishesforhappinessandgoodfortune.Thepatternsareoften4.______(color)andlively,featuringflowers,animals,andcharactersfromfolktales.5.______(make)apaper-cut,youneedonlypaper,scissors,andaknife.However,itrequiresgreat6.______(patient)andskill.Manyyoungpeopletodayarelearningthisart,7.______helpstokeepitalive.Insomeruralareas,paper-cuttingisstill8.______commonsightduringfestivals.Peopleputthemonwindows,doors,andwalls,9.______(add)afestiveatmospheretotheirhomes.Itistruly10.______artthatconnectsthepastwiththepresent.语篇押题2ArtificialIntelligence(AI)1.______(become)animportantpartofourdailylivesinrecentyears.Fromsmartphonestoself-drivingcars,AIischangingthewayweliveandwork.Oneofthemostsignificant2.______(develop)isAI’sabilitytolearnfromdata.Thisisknown3.______machinelearning.Throughmachinelearning,computerscanimprovetheirperformance4.______(gradual)withoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed.AIhasalsomadegreatprogressin5.______(understand)humanlanguage.ChatbotsandvoiceassistantslikeSiriandAlexacannowcommunicatewithus6.______(natural).However,therearestillmanychallenges7.______(face)byAIresearchers.8.______isbelievedthatAIwillcontinuetodeveloprapidlyinthefuture.SomepeopleworrythatAImaytake9.______(they)jobs,whileothersareoptimisticaboutitspotentialtocreatenewopportunities.10.______thefutureholds,AIissuretohaveaprofoundimpactonsociety.

秘籍02语法填空(无词填空之连词、介词、冠词、it)目录一、无词填空之连词01二、无词填空之介词05三、无词填空之冠词08四、无词填空之it11一、无词填空之连词高考语法填空的无词填空中,连词是核心考点。应试时,先分析句子结构:若两个主谓结构之间无标点或仅有逗号,则必填连词。接着判断逻辑关系:并列(and/but)、选择(or)、因果(so/for)、或主从(名词性从句的that/whether,定语从句的关系词,状语从句的when/if等)。关键在于厘清分句间是平行、转折还是从属关系,从而准确锁定连词。易错点1:定语从句:关系词选错或多余(2025年1月浙江高考)Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,______sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalonger-termrentalperiod.答案:which句意:坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装,而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服,她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱,提供给旅行者(比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人),并提供更长期的租赁服务。解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。先行词是lessformalclothing(指物),关系词在从句中作package的宾语(packagesth.as...),因此需要填入关系代词which。易错点:误填that或what。thatvs.which:that不能引导非限制性定语从句(逗号后),因此只能填which。whatvs.which:what不能引导定语从句;what引导名词性从句,前面不能有先行词。此处前面有名词clothing作先行词,故只能用which。变式1:(2024·全国甲卷改编)YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalparkuntilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,______becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsin1980.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what答案:B句意:黄石公园一直是美国最大的国家公园,直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部朗格尔-圣伊莱亚斯山于1980年获得这项荣誉。解析:逗号后为非限制性定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-SaintElias(指物,指一座山),关系词在从句中作主语。选项分析:A项where在从句中作状语,但从句缺主语;C项that不能引导非限制性定语从句;D项what不能引导定语从句。变式2:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)IsabelWang,______studiesatNewYorkUniversity,saysshewasmovedtotearsatthescene.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.whose答案:C句意:在纽约大学就读的伊莎贝尔·王说,看到这一幕她感动落泪。解析:非限制性定语从句,先行词为IsabelWang(指人),关系词在从句中作主语(studies的发出者)。选项分析:A项which指物;B项whom作宾语;D项whose作定语,均不符合。变式3:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestandsattheendofapathretracingthestepsalongtheSilkRoute______broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsia.A.whereB.whoC.whenD.which答案:D句意:玻璃屋坐落在一条小路的尽头,这条路重走了丝绸之路的路线,正是这条路线将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国。解析:限制性定语从句,先行词为theSilkRoute(指物),关系词在从句中作主语(brought的发出者),意为“丝绸之路带来了...”。易错分析:本题极易误选A(where)。考生看到先行词是路线(地点),误以为缺地点状语。但分析从句可知,brought缺主语(什么东西带来了植物),故应用关系代词which/that。易错点2:名词性从句:that与what混淆真题:(2025年北京卷)Thetruth,though,is______couldbeguessed—there'sneveranyoneelsehere.Justme,Nick,andthequietforest.答案:what句意:不过,真相正如所能猜到的那样——这里从来没有其他人。解析:本题考查表语从句的连接词。系动词is后接表语从句,从句中缺少主语(couldbeguessed缺少动作的发出者),且指代事物(所猜测的内容),因此需要用连接代词what引导。what在从句中作主语,相当于"thethingthat"。易错点:误填that。错误原因:考生看到从句结构相对完整,容易忽略谓语动词couldbeguessed缺少主语,误以为从句不缺少成分而填that。避坑指南:判断名词性从句用that还是what,关键看从句是否缺成分:从句缺主语/宾语/表语(缺名词性成分)→用what从句不缺成分,句意完整→用that变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Onacool,starrynightinmid-September1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin______isnownorthwesternWyoming.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where答案:B句意:1870年9月中旬一个凉爽的繁星点点的夜晚,四个人在火hole河畔的篝火前休息,该地就是现在的怀俄明州西北部。解析:本题考查介词后的宾语从句。介词in后接宾语从句,从句______isnownorthwesternWyoming中缺少主语(is的主语),且指代地点(这个地方),因此用what引导。what在从句中作主语。选项分析:A项that引导宾语从句时可省略,但that在从句中不作成分,而此处缺主语;C项which引导宾语从句时表示"哪一个",需有选择范围,此处无范围;D项where在从句中作状语,而此处缺主语。变式2:(2024·浙江1月卷)Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappyto______theybuy,perhapsitisn'tsuchabadthing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where答案:C句意:如果大多数顾客对他们购买的东西感到满意,也许这并不算太糟糕。解析:本题考查介词后的宾语从句。介词to后接宾语从句,从句______theybuy中缺少宾语(buy的宾语),且指代事物(所购买的东西),因此用what引导。what在从句中作buy的宾语。选项分析:A项that在宾语从句中不作成分,而此处缺宾语;B项which表示"哪一个",需有选择范围;D项where在从句中作地点状语,而此处缺宾语。变式3:(2025·河北省邢台市名校协作高三一模)Thetraditionalview______flowerandplantbuyersaremainlythosewithplentyoffreetimehaschangedinrecentyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.who答案:C句意:近年来,认为花卉和植物买家主要是那些有大量空闲时间的人这一传统观点发生了变化。解析:本题考查同位语从句。空处引导同位语从句,解释说明名词view的具体内容。从句flowerandplantbuyersaremainlythosewithplentyoffreetime结构完整(主系表齐全),不缺少任何成分,句意完整,因此用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。选项分析:A项what在从句中作成分,而此处不缺成分;B项which引导定语从句或表示"哪一个"的名词性从句,需有选择范围;D项who指人且在从句中作主语,而从句已有主语buyers。易错点3:状语从句:逻辑关系误判真题:(2025年全国二卷)IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,______bambooandteabushesgrowwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn'texist.-1答案:where句意:我在美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰出生并长大。然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫以及他的家人住在中国浙江的乡村,在那里,竹子和茶树在山上野生生长,鸡总是散养的,而且没有集中供暖。解析:本题考查地点状语从句的连接词。空处引导一个状语从句,修饰主句的谓语动词"live",表示居住的地点背景。从句"______bambooandteabushesgrowwild..."结构完整(主谓齐全),不缺主语或宾语,缺的是地点状语,因此用where引导,相当于"intheplacewhere"。易错点:误填which或that。错误原因:考生看到空后是一个完整的句子,容易误以为是定语从句,认为先行词是"thecountryside"而误填关系代词which。但仔细分析可知,此处并非修饰先行词的定语从句(如果填which,从句缺主语),而是修饰主句谓语的地点状语从句。避坑指南:判断状语从句的关键在于分析从句与主句的逻辑关系——是修饰动作(时间、地点、原因、条件等),还是修饰名词。此处从句说明"生活在哪里"的地点背景,故为状语从句。二、无词填空之介词高考语法填空的无词填空中,介词主要考察固定搭配与逻辑关系。应试时遵循“上下求索”原则:上看动词/形容词(如comeupwith,beinterestedin),下看名词(如onthecontrary)。牢记时间介词(in/on/at)、方位介词(under/behind)的基本用法。若前后无提示,则根据句意补充表示方式、原因、目的的介词(by/for/to)。遇到空格,先扫前后搭配,再补逻辑关系。易错点1:介词的多余与缺失真题:(2025年全国二卷)Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedme______thisone—andtobesure,thefirsttimeIcamehereIneverimaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthishomeorarea.答案:for句意:我之前生活中的一切都没有让我为这一刻做好准备——说实话,第一次来这里时,我从没想过自己会在这个家或这个地方感到自在。解析:本题考查动词固定搭配中的介词缺失。动词prepare的用法为"preparesb.forsth.",意为"使某人为某事做好准备"。此处空格位于preparedme之后、thisone之前,需要介词连接动词与宾语,故填for。易错点:误以为prepare是及物动词可直接加宾语,漏填介词for。错误原因:考生知道prepare有"准备"的意思,但混淆了其及物与不及物用法:preparesth.(准备某物):及物,直接加宾语,如preparedinner(准备晚餐)prepareforsth.(为某事做准备):不及物,需加介词forpreparesb.forsth.(使某人为某事做好准备):及物,但需用介词for引出准备的对象避坑指南:遇到动词,先回想其完整搭配结构。常考易漏介词的动词短语包括:preparefor、providesb.with/providesth.forsb.、thanksb.for、congratulatesb.on等。变式1:(2025·浙江名校联考)Thecommitteediscussedtheproposalforthreehoursbutfailedtoreachanyagreement.Theyneedtoapproachtheproblem______anewperspective.答案:from句意:委员会讨论了三个小时的提案但未能达成任何协议。他们需要从一个新的角度来处理这个问题。解析:本题考查介词缺失。动词approach作"处理、对待"讲时是及物动词,直接加宾语(approachtheproblem),不需要介词。但空格后的anewperspective是方式状语,表示"从...角度",需要用介词from构成固定搭配"froma...perspective"。易错分析:本题易误填to,因为"approachto"是常见错误搭配。考生需区分:approachsth.(及物):处理某事,不加介词anapproachtosth.(名词):做某事的方法,需用介词tofromaperspective(介词短语):从某个角度变式2:(2024·湖北武汉调研)Theyoungmanwaspraised______hisbraveryinrescuingthechildfromtheburninghouse.Themayorpresentedhimwithanawardattheceremony.答案:for句意:这位年轻人因从燃烧的房屋中救出孩子的英勇行为而受到表彰。市长在仪式上为他颁发了奖项。解析:本题考查固定搭配中的介词缺失。动词praise的用法为"praisesb.forsth.",意为"因某事表扬某人"。此处空格位于waspraised之后、hisbravery之前,需填for构成被动结构"bepraisedfor"。易错分析:考生易受母语影响,误以为"因..."直接用because或直接加名词。但英语中表示"因某种品质/行为而受到表扬/感谢/批评"时,常用介词for:praisesb.forsth.thanksb.forsth.criticizesb.forsth.apologizeforsth.变式3:(2023·全国乙卷改编)Thetemple,whichdatesbacktotheTangDynasty,isfamous______itsuniquearchitecturalstyleandancientmurals.Thousandsoftouristsvisititeveryyear.答案:for句意:这座始建于唐朝的寺庙以其独特的建筑风格和古代壁画而闻名。每年有成千上万的游客前来参观。解析:本题考查形容词固定搭配中的介词缺失。形容词famous的用法为"befamousforsth."(因某事/某物而闻名)或"befamousassth."(作为...而闻名)。此处itsuniquearchitecturalstyle是其闻名的原因/方面,故用for。易错分析:本题易误填as。区分标准:famousfor:后接闻名的原因/特点/产物(如风景、特产、建筑)famousas:后接闻名的身份/角色(如作家、景点、产地)易错点2:易忽略的逻辑介词真题:(2025年北京卷)Afterall,exploringtheworldshouldn'tcome______theplanet'sexpense.答案:at句意:毕竟,探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。解析:本题考查固定介词短语中的逻辑介词。空格前后既无动词提示固定搭配,也无形容词提示习惯用法,属于纯逻辑填空。"atone'sexpense"或"attheexpenseof"是固定介词短语,意为"以……为代价"。"theplanet'sexpense"即"以地球为代价",符合句意。易错点:误填with、for或in。错误原因:考生看到"expense"(花费、代价),容易联想到"withexpense"(带有花费)、"forexpense"(为了花费)或"inexpense"(在花费方面),但这些都是中式思维的直接翻译。英语中"以……为代价"有固定搭配at...expense,无法用其他介词替代。避坑指南:当空格前后无动词/形容词搭配提示时,考虑"方式、代价、手段、伴随"等逻辑关系。这类介词往往隐藏在固定短语中,如:atthecostof(以……为代价)、bymeansof(通过……方式)、inreturnfor(作为……回报)。变式1:(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestands______agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChina.答案:as句意:这座玻璃屋作为当代设计的一大成就而屹立,用于容纳中国西南地区的植物。解析:本题考查表"作为"的逻辑介词。空格前后无动词固定搭配提示,需要根据句意补充逻辑关系。standas意为"作为……存在/屹立",表示身份或属性。此处指玻璃屋"作为"一项伟大成就。选项分析:易误填for(standfor代表)或with,但根据句意,这里是说明其身份地位,故用as。变式2:(2025·浙江名校联考)Theyoungartistgainedrecognition______hisuniquestyle,whichcombinestraditionalChinesepaintingwithmodernelements.答案:for句意:这位年轻艺术家因其独特的风格而获得认可,这种风格将中国传统绘画与现代元素相结合。解析:本题考查表"原因"的逻辑介词。空格前gainedrecognition是动作,空格后hisuniquestyle是原因,需要介词连接。表示"因……而获得认可",用介词for表原因(因某种特质/行为)。选项分析:易误填by(表方式)或with(表伴随),但此处强调因果关系,故用for。变式3:(2024·全国甲卷)Thetemplewasbuiltentirely______wood,andithasstoodforover1,000yearswithoutcollapsing.答案:of句意:这座寺庙完全由木材建造,已经屹立了1000多年而没有倒塌。解析:本题考查表"材料"的逻辑介词。bebuiltof表示"由……建造(看得出原材料)"。木材作为建筑材料,仍保持木材的形态和性质,故用of。若用from则表示看不出原材料(如纸由木材制成)。选项分析:易误填by(表动作执行者)或with(表工具),但此处强调材料构成,故用of。三、无词填空之冠词高考语法填空的无词填空中,冠词主要考察泛指与特指。应试时遵循“先辨可数,再分泛指特指”原则:若空格后为可数名词单数,且首次提及、表泛指,填a/an(辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用an);若为特指(上文已提、被后置定语修饰、或独一无二的事物),填the。注意零冠词的固定搭配(如atschool)。遇到空格,先看名词单复,再判指代新旧。易错点1:可数名词单数前冠词缺失真题:(2025年1月浙江卷)Thepriceoffashion—economicallyandenvironmentally—hasledtotheriseof______newwayofdressing,andit‘sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.答案:a句意:时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。-1解析:本题考查可数名词单数前的冠词缺失。空格后的way为可数名词单数,在句中首次出现,表示“一种”方式,属于泛指。且new以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a易错点:漏填冠词,直接写newway。错误原因:考生受中文思维影响(“催生了新的穿衣方式”),误以为可数名词单数可以单独使用。

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