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中考英语专题复习讲义——名词性从句

一、名词性从句基本概念

•核心定义:在句中起名词作用的从句,包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、

同位语从句。

•连接词分类:

陈述句:that(无实义)

一般疑问句:whether/if(是否)

特殊疑问句:what/vvhcn/whcre等(保留原意)

•语序原则:从句永久用陈述语序。

•速记口诀:名从四类功能同,连接三系语序通

二、主语从句连接词选择

•典型例题:

hepassedtheexamsuiprisedusall.

A.WhatB.ThatC.IfD.When

答案:B(陈述事有用that)

willwinisstillunknown.

A.WhoB.WhomC.WhatD.That

答案:A(疑问代词作主语)

•举一反三:

sheleftearlyisamystery.(Why)

themeetingstartsmatterslitlle.(When)

hesaidconfusedeveryone.(What)

三、宾语从句时态呼应

•规章要点:

主句过去时,从句需用对应过去时态。

例外:客观真理/科学事实保持一般现在时。

•典型例题:

Hebelievedthathethetask.

A.finishesB.finishedC.willfinishD.hasfinished

答案:B(主句believed为过去时)

Welearnedthatwateratl()0℃.

A.boilsB.boiledC.willboilD.isboiling

答案:A(客观真理)

•举一反三:

Shethoughtshethekey.(hadlost)

Theyknewtheeartharoundthesun.(revolves)

Hepromisedhemesoon,(wouldcall)

四、whether与if的区分

•使用场景:

介词后只用whether

与ornot连用只用whether

主语从句首句只用whether

•典型例题:

Iwonderweshouldgo.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what

答案:A(可与ornot连用)

heagreesdoesn'tmatter.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What

答案:B(主语从句句首)

•举一反三:

Itdependsonitrains,(whether)

Askhersheneedshelp.(if)

toacceptisyourchoice.(Whether)

五、that省略规章

•可省略场景:

宾语从句中作动词宾语

宾语从句中作形容词宾语

•不行省略场景:

主语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

•典型例题:

1thinkyouareright.

A./B.thatC.whetherD.if

答案:A(动词宾语可省)

Thefacthesucceededinspiredus.

A./B.thatC.whatD.which

答案:B(同位语从句不行省)

•举一反三:

Shesaidshewouldcome.(/)

Theideawecooperateisgood,(that)

It'sclearhelied,(that)

六、表语从句位置

•固定结构:系动词(be/seem等)+连接词+从句

•特殊留意:because不行引导表语从句

•典型例题:

Thequestioniswecanfinish.

A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.because

答案:C(系动词后接whether)

Hissuggestionwasweholdameeting.

A.becauseB.whatC.thatD.if

答案:C(建议内容用that)

•举一反三:

Thetroubleiswelacktime,(that)

Mydoubtisitistrue,(whether)

Thereasonisheoverslept,(that)

七、what的特殊用法

•功能特点:

保留疑问含义(什么)

表示“所...的事物“(=thethingwhich)

•典型例题:

heneedsismorepractice.

A.ThatB.IfC.WhatD.Whether

答案:C(=thethingwhich)

Doyouknowhappenedyesterday?

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

答案:B(疑问含义)

•举一反三:

yousaidshockedme.(What)

Iremembershewore,(what)

impresseduswashiscourage.(What)

八、同位语从句定位

•识别标志:

紧跟抽象名词(fact/idea/news等)

用that说明名词具体内容(不行用which)

•典型例题:

Thenewshewonspreadquickly.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.if

答案:B(news后同位语)

Weheardthestoryhesavedachild.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.if

答案:B(story后同位语)

•举一反三:

Theevidencehewasinnocent,(that)

Herbeliefhardworkpaysoff.(that)

Themessagethemeetingwascanceled,(that)

九、疑问词+ever引导名从

・功能转变:

whoever=anyonewho

whatever=anythingthat

•典型例题:

comesfirstwillgetaprize.

A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.What

答案:B(=anyonewho)

Youcantakeyouwant.

A.thatB.whateverC.whichD.whichever

答案:B(=anythingthat)

•举一反三:

winswillberecorded.(Whoever)

Sheeatsshelikes,(whatever)

hesaidwasignored.(Whatever)

十、从句中的虚拟语气

•适用场景:建议/要求类动词后(suggest/insist等)

•结构:(should)+动词原形

•典型例题:

HeinsistedthatIpresent.

A.amB.wasC.beD.wouldbe

答案:C(should省略)

Wesuggestthatthemeetingpostponed.

A.isB.wasC.beD.willbe

答案:C(虚拟语气)

•举一反三:

Thedoctorrecommendedthatherest,(shouldtake)

Theydemandedthattheworkfinished.(be)

It'snecessarythateveryoneontime.(be)

H^一、主从句时态协调

•复合时态规章:

主句现在时—从句依据需要时态

主句过去时一从句用对应过去时

•典型例题:

Hesaysthathetheanswer.

A.knowsB.knewC.willknowD.hadknown

答案:A(主句现在时)

Sherealizedthatsheamistake.

A.makesB.madeC.hadmadeD.hasmade

答案:C(过去完成时表更早发生)

•举一反三:

Ithoughtyouhome,(were)

Theyseethatitdifficult.(is)

Headmittedhethewindow.(hadbroken)

十二、宾语从句位置

♦机敏位置:

动词后:Iknowlhal...

形容词后:I'msurethat...

介词后(PKwhether):Itdependsonwhether...

•典型例题:

Wcarcconfidentwewillsucceed.

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how

答案:A(形容词后接that)

Payattentiontotheteachersays.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

答案:B(介词后接疑问词)

•举一反三:

Sheisawareit'srisky,(that)

Itledtohappenednext.(what)

Hecaresaboutyouthink.(what)

十三、名词性从句简化

•转化技巧:

主语从句一不定式/动名词

宾语从句T疑问词+不定式

•典型例题:

togoisstilldebated.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What

答案:B(whethertogo=whetherweshouldgo)

Idon'tknowtochoose.

A.whatB.thatC.ifD.whether

答案:A(whattochoose=whatIshouldchoose)

•举一反三:

isimportant.(Whattodo)

Hetaughtmetheproblem,(howtosolve)

surprisedus.(Hiswinning)

十四、双重疑问句

•结构特征:特殊疑问词+doyouthink+陈述语序

•语序重点:doyouthink后接正常陈述句

•典型例题:

doyouthinkwillwin?

A.WhoB.WhomC.WhatD.That

答案:A(who作主语)

didhesaywasthecause?

A.WhoB.WhatC.ThatD.If

答案:B(whal作主语)

•举一反三:

shouldwebelieve?(Who)

didtheyfindatthescene?(What)

doyousuggestweinvite?(Who)

十五、名从与定从区分

•核心差异:

名从:补充名词内容(无先行词)

定从:修饰名词(含先行词)

•典型例题:

hesaidwasimportant.

A.WhatB.ThatC.ThethingD.Which

答案:A(what引导主语从句)

Thebookyourecommendedisgreat.

A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.how

答案:B(that引导定语从句修饰book)

•举一反三:

happenedshockedus.(What)

Thenewsyouheardistrue.(that)

shewantsisunknown.(What)

名词性从句闯关训练

从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。

1.hedidn'tattendsurprisedus.

A.WhatB.ThatC.IfD.Why

2.Wediscussedweshouldinvest.

A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if

3.Theteacherexplainedthemoonmoves.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.if

4.Myopinionisweneedchange.

A.becauseB.whatC.thatD.which

5.Theybelievedtheprojectwasfeasible.

A.thatB.ifC.whatD.how

6.shewillagreeremainsunclear.

A.IfB.ThatC.WhetherD.What

7.1doubthetoldthetruth.

A.thatB.ifC.whatD.how

8.Therumorheresignedspreadfast.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.if

9.winswillgetthetrophy.

A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.What

lO.HeinsistedthatIresponsible.

A.amB.wasC.beD.wouldbe

1l.Sherealizedshehadforgotten.

A.whatB.thatC.ifD.how

12.to

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