2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单06 社会生活和个人成长（抢分清单）（解析版）

.mentaladj.精神的；智力的2.musclen.肌肉；(食用)瘦肉3.homemadeadj.自制的，家里做的4.obesityn.(过度)肥胖；肥胖症5.slimvi.变苗条；减肥adj.苗条的；纤细的6.appetiten.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望7.digestvt.&vi.消化；领会，理解n.摘要，文摘8.sugaryadj.含糖的；甜的9.nutritionn.营养，滋养10.physicallyadv.肉体地，身体上地11.fitnessn.健康12.envyn.&vt.羡慕；忌妒13.moodn.情绪，心情；气氛，氛围14.upsetadj.心烦的，苦恼的vt.使心烦；打翻；扰乱15.weaknessn.缺点；虚弱；弱点16.rejectionn.拒绝，否决17.strengthn.强项；长处；力量(strengthenvt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强)18.cooperationn.合作；协作(cooperatevi.合作，配合；协作)19.enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的(enthusiasmn.热心，热忱，热情)20.chefn.主厨，厨师21.rawadj.生的；未加工的22.symptomn.症状；征兆23.dynamicadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的24.consumevt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)25.prejudicen.偏见；成见26.pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的27.adversityn.困境；逆境28.adorevt.&vi.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢29.interactionn.交流30.prescriptionn.药方；诀窍31.abortionn.中途失败32.vegetariann.素食主义者；食草动物adj.素食的；素的33.caterv.迎合；满足需要；提供饮食及服务34.appetizern.开胃物，开胃食品；前菜，第一道菜35.epidemicadj.流行的；传染性的n.传染病；流行病；(风尚等的)流行36.pandemicadj.(疾病)在全国(或世界)流行的n.(全国或全球性)流行病，瘟疫37.companionshipn.友谊；友好交往38.longface愁眉苦脸39.crackasmile笑了起来40.putsbonthespot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难例题1(2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I卷)英语真题A)Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO₂emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here'sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuel.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis"alittlebitmind-blowing,"saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It'sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,"saysWipke.21.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?

A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%.22.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?

A.Planes B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships.23.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?

A.Limitingfuelconsumption. B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.C.Improvingenergyefficiency. D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章以“交通领域的绿色化”为核心，客观介绍了全球交通碳排放的现状，不同交通方式的解决方案以及能源变革中我们应该努力的方向。21.C细节理解题。由图中的"ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%"及"ROAD(GOODS)29.4%"可知，道路车辆总排放占比需将客运与货运数据相加，经计算得45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，故选C项。22.C细节理解题。由"TRAINS-Electricity"部分中的"Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires"及"otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways"可知，火车部分已实现电气化，且剩余部分可通过相当简单的方式改造，即火车是转型难度最低的交通工具，故选C项。23.B细节理解题。由Wipke观点句"Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused"可知，其核心建议是加速发展可再生能源(renewables)，即应加大对绿色能源的投入力度，故选B项。重点单词1.________adj.特别的，尤其的2.________v.脱碳3.________n.方式4.________adj.特定的5.________n.选择6.beresponsiblefor________________7.accountfor________________8.plug(sth.)intosth.________________9.upto________________10.speedup________________熟词生义1.breakdown熟义：n.故障，破损文章义：n.________2.settle熟义：v.安居，安定v.________派生词1.transportv.(用交通工具)运输，运送；(以自然方式)运输→________n.交通2.powern.力量→________adj.有力的3.sustainv.保持→________adj.可持续的4.recyclev.循环→________adj.回收的5.electricn.电→________v.使电气化6.designv.设计→________n.重新设计7.analyze/sev.分析→________n.分析合成词1.greenhouse+gas=greenhousegasn.________________2.light+weight=lightweightn.________________3.energy+efficient=energy-efficientadj.________________4.solid+state=solid-stateadj.________________5.mind+blow=mind-blowingadj.________________【答案】重点词汇：1.particular2.decarbonize3.mode4.specific5.option6.对……负责7.(数量、比例上)占8.(将某物)与某物接通9.达到(某个标准)10.(使)加快速度熟词生义：1.明细2.解决(争端、分歧等)派生词：1.transportation2.powerful3.sustainable4.recycled5.electrify6.redesign7.analysis合成词：1.温室气体(尤指二氧化碳)；2.轻量级(拳击手)；比通常重量轻的人或东西；无足轻重的人(或事)3.节能的4.固态的5.非常令人吃惊的)一、完形填空Myparentshavea91-year-oldneighbour,Helen,whoiscaredforbynearbyfriends.Recently,mydadmadeithis1tomoveHelen’smailbox,asitwas2placeddownasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway.He3themailserviceandarrangedto4themailboxlocation.SinceHelen’shouseisbrick,attachingamailboxdirectlywasnotan5.Then,ataflea(跳蚤)market,mydad,akeencollector,6anold-fashionedmetalmilkcan,which7himofthefirstmailboxheandmymothersharedyearsago.Severaldayslater,hemanagedtosecureanoldmailbox,8themilkcanwithconcrete,setthemailboxontop,and9itnearHelen’sfrontdoor.NowHelencansafelyfetchhermail.Laterthatweek,Helencalledtothankmydad,expressinghow10shefelttohavesuchloving11.Sheeveninvitedhimto12sometimelesstreasurefromherbackyard.Afterhangingup,mydadthoughtaloudaboutthewholething.WhenwedrovebyHelen’shouse,mydadlookedattheoldmailbox,rebornthroughhisquiet13.Thissmallactionbringsfreshtearstomyeyes,thoughitisnosurprisethatmydadlivesto14others.Myfather,inhisthoughtfulandwell-timedway,15said,“Thatwasyourmother’sandmyfirstmailbox.Icanstillpictureitstandingbytheroadallthoseyearsago.”1.A.mission B.proposal C.reaction D.ambition2.A.conveniently B.dangerously C.cautiously D.strategically3.A.rescued B.established C.restored D.contacted4.A.change B.check C.mark D.register5.A.example B.item C.option D.order6.A.captured B.invested C.grabbed D.spotted7.A.warned B.convinced C.reminded D.informed8.A.compared B.filled C.provided D.mixed9.A.placed B.stretched C.relieved D.hid10.A.inspired B.blessed C.rewarded D.exhausted11.A.postmen B.neighbours C.collectors D.drivers12.A.takeover B.handin C.pickout D.putaway13.A.support B.struggle C.reflection D.kindness14.A.respect B.impress C.serve D.entertain15.A.frankly B.sorrowfully C.critically D.simply【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A5.C6.D7.C8.B9.A10.B11.B12.C13.D14.C15.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爸爸帮邻居移动邮箱的暖心故事。1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我爸爸把移动海伦的邮箱作为自己的任务，因为邮箱危险地放置在一条繁忙的高速公路旁陡峭的车道尽头。A.mission任务；B.proposal提议；C.reaction反应；D.ambition雄心。根据下文“Severaldayslater,hemanagedtosecureanoldmailbox,____themilkcanwithconcrete,setthemailboxontop,and____itnearHelen’sfrontdoor.”可知，作者的爸爸的把移动邮箱当作自己的任务。故选A。2.考查副词词义辨析。句意：最近，我爸爸把移动海伦的邮箱作为自己的任务，因为邮箱危险地放置在一条繁忙的高速公路旁陡峭的车道尽头。A.conveniently方便地；B.dangerously危险地；C.cautiously谨慎地；D.strategically战略性地。根据下文“downasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway”可知，邮箱放置的位置很危险。故选B。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他联系了邮政服务并安排改变邮箱的位置。A.rescued营救；B.established建立；C.restored恢复；D.contacted联系。根据下文“arrangedto____themailboxlocation”可知，要更改邮箱位置，首先需要联系邮政相关部门。故选D。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他联系了邮政服务并安排改变邮箱的位置。A.change改变；B.check检查；C.mark标记；D.register登记。根据前文“asitwas____placeddownasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway”可知，邮箱位置危险，所以爸爸安排改变邮箱位置。故选A。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于海伦的房子是砖砌的，直接安装邮箱不是一个选择。A.example例子；B.item物品；C.option选择；D.order命令。根据下文“SinceHelen’shouseisbrick”可知，因为房子是砖砌的，所以直接安装邮箱不是一个可行的选择。故选C。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一个跳蚤市场，我爸爸，一个热衷于收藏的人，发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐，这让他想起了多年前他和妈妈共用的第一个邮箱。A.captured捕获；B.invested投资；C.grabbed抓住；D.spotted发现。根据上文“ataflea(跳蚤)market”可知，此处表示作者的爸爸在跳蚤市场发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐。故选D。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一个跳蚤市场，我爸爸，一个热衷于收藏的人，发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐，这让他想起了多年前他和妈妈共用的第一个邮箱。A.warned警告；B.convinced使信服；C.reminded提醒，使想起；D.informed通知。根据下文“ofthefirstmailboxheandmymothersharedyearsago”可知，这个牛奶罐让爸爸想起了多年前他和妈妈共用的第一个邮箱。故选C。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他设法弄到了一个旧邮箱，用混凝土填满牛奶罐，把邮箱放在上面，然后把它放在海伦的前门附近。A.compared比较；B.filled填充；C.provided提供；D.mixed混合。根据下文“themilkcanwithconcrete,setthemailboxontop”可知，爸爸用混凝土填满牛奶罐。故选B。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他设法弄到了一个旧邮箱，用混凝土填满牛奶罐，把邮箱放在上面，然后把它放在海伦的前门附近。A.placed放置；B.stretched伸展；C.relieved缓解；D.hid隐藏。根据下文“NowHelencansafelyfetchhermail.”可知，爸爸把做好的邮箱放在海伦前门附近，所以海伦可以安全拿到信件。故选A。10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来那个星期，海伦打电话感谢我爸爸，表达她有如此有爱的邻居是多么幸运。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.blessed幸运的；C.rewarded有回报的；D.exhausted疲惫的。根据下文“tohavesuchloving”以及语境可知，海伦得到父亲的热心帮助，内心充满感激，会觉得自己很幸运。故选B。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来那个星期，海伦打电话感谢我爸爸，表达她有如此有爱的邻居是多么幸运。A.postmen邮递员；B.neighbours邻居；C.collectors收藏家；D.drivers司机。根据前文“Myparentshavea91-year-oldneighbour,Helen,”可知，爸爸是海伦的邻居，所以海伦觉得自己有这样有爱的邻居很幸运。故选B。12.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她甚至邀请他从她后院挑选一些永不过时的宝贝。A.takeover接管；B.handin上交；C.pickout挑选；D.putaway收起来。根据下文“sometimelesstreasurefromherbackyard”可知，海伦为了答谢父亲，让他挑选后院的宝贝作为谢礼。故选C。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们开车经过海伦家时，我爸爸看着那个通过他默默的善举重生的旧邮箱。A.support支持；B.struggle挣扎；C.reflection反思；D.kindness善举。根据上文“Recently,mydadmadeithis____tomoveHelen’smailbox,”以及语境可知，爸爸把做好的邮箱放在海伦前门附近，让海伦可以安全拿到信件，给海伦提供了帮助，所以这是一次善举。故选D。14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小举动让我热泪盈眶，尽管我爸爸活着就是为了服务别人，这并不奇怪。A.respect尊重；B.impress给……留下印象；C.serve服务；D.entertain娱乐。根据上文“Recently,mydadmadeithis____tomoveHelen’smailbox,asitwas____placeddownasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway.”可知，爸爸为海伦把邮箱从危险的地方搬到他家的附近，所以此处表示爸爸活着就是为了服务别人。故选C。15.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸用他体贴而适时的方式简单地说：“那是你妈妈和我的第一个邮箱。我仍然能想象出多年前它立在路边的样子。”A.frankly坦率地；B.sorrowfully悲伤地；C.critically批判性地；D.simply简单地。根据下文“Thatwasyourmother’sandmyfirstmailbox.”可知，父亲做了好事却十分淡然，没有刻意宣扬，只是简单的说了一下。simply贴合他低调、朴实的性格特点。故选D。二、阅读理解ARuchitaSahukari,bornwithOsteogenesisImperfecta(OI)(脆骨症),isnowpursuingjournalismatIIMCfromawheelchair,challengingtheoddsagainsther.Despitesocialcrueltyandschoolsrefusingadmission,herparents’powerfulbackingkeptherhopealive.Until18,shewasexcludedfrombasicschoolingandfeltdepressed.At18,Ruchita’slifechangedwhenshejoinedAmrithavarshini,anNGOinKerala.There,shemetotherswithOIandmadefriendswhoinspiredher.Tobridgetheacademicgap,shecompletedtheBachelorPreparatoryProgrammeatIGNOUin2021andearnedaBAinEnglishLiteraturein2023.ShethendesiredtobecomeajournalistandsethersightsonIIMC.GettingintoIIMC’sEasternRegionalCampuswasonevictory;movingaroundinsideitfreelywasanother.InIndia,wherefeweducationalinstitutionsarefullyaccessible,Ruchita’sarrivalmotivatedthecampustochange.Theadministrationbuiltramps(斜坡),constructedaspecialroomintheladies’hostel,andallowedhermothertostayoncampustoassisther.“SupportingRuchitaisareflectionofourcorevalues.Removingbarriersnurturesdignity,courage,andtherighttodream,”saysDrAnandKPradhan,RegionalDirectorofIIMCDhenkanal.Herclassmatesalsocreatedasupportiveecosystem,helpingherpursueherdreams.Ruchitahasalreadypublishedstories,coveringoftenoverlookedtopics.Hermostchallengingassignmentwasthe2025Biharelectionscoverage,butherfriendssupportedher."Theymakemefeellikenothingisimpossible,"shesays.Thisyear,RuchitareceivedtheRareStarAwardfromORDIforheradvocacywork.Shedreamsofbecominganadvocacyjournalist,highlightingpolicygapsandaccessibilityfailures.Hermessagetoparentsraisingchildrenwithdisabilitiesisdirect:Parentshavetheresponsibilitytoeducatethemselvesandempowertheirchild.Youmusttrustandempoweryourchildinsteadofleavingthemweak.Changewithinthefamily,withinthehome,isthesteppingstonetowardsbringingsocialchange.1.WhatkeptRuchita’shopealivewhenshefaceddifficulties?A.Herownstrongwill. B.Thehelpfromherfriends.C.Herparents’strongsupport. D.TheassistancefromtheNGO.2.WhatdidRuchitadoattheageof18?A.ShejoinedanNGOinKerala. B.ShecompletedaBAdegree.C.Shestartedtopursuejournalism. D.Shepublishedsomestories.3.WhatdoweknowaboutIIMC’sEasternRegionalCampusbeforeRuchita’sarrival?A.Itofferednojournalismcourses.B.Itrefuseddisabledstudents’admission.C.Itletparentsstayoncampustoassiststudents.D.Itlackedfullaccessibilityfordisabledstudents.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRuchita?A.Pessimisticandself-centered. B.Positiveandstrong-willed.C.Ambitiousandnoble-minded. D.Creativeandwarm-hearted.【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身患脆骨症的鲁奇塔在父母支持、各方帮助下克服重重困难进入印度媒体学院学习，还获奖并发表作品，她呼吁父母教育并赋能孩子。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Despitesocialcrueltyandschoolsrefusingadmission,herparents’powerfulbackingkeptherhopealive.(尽管社会充满歧视，学校也拒绝录取她，但她父母强有力的支持让她心中的希望得以延续)”可知，面对社会的残酷和学校拒绝录取，是父母的大力支持让鲁奇塔保持希望。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第二段“At18,Ruchita’slifechangedwhenshejoinedAmrithavarshini,anNGOinKerala.(18岁那年，鲁奇塔的人生发生了转变，她加入了喀拉拉邦的一家非政府组织——阿姆里塔瓦尔什尼)”可知，18岁时鲁奇塔加入了喀拉拉邦的一个非政府组织。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据第三段“InIndia,wherefeweducationalinstitutionsarefullyaccessible,Ruchita’sarrivalmotivatedthecampustochange.Theadministrationbuiltramps(斜坡),constructedaspecialroomintheladies’hostel,andallowedhermothertostayoncampustoassisther.(在印度，由于很少有教育机构能够对所有人开放，鲁奇塔的到来促使学校做出了改变。学校管理层修建了斜坡，还在女生宿舍里增设了一个专用房间，并允许她的母亲留在学校里协助她)”可推知，在鲁奇塔到来之前，该校园它没有为残疾学生提供充分的便利。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据第一段“RuchitaSahukari,bornwithOsteogenesisImperfecta(OI)(骨脆症),isnowpursuingjournalismatIIMCfromawheelchair,challengingtheoddsagainsther.(鲁奇塔·萨胡卡里出生时就患有骨脆症(OI)，如今她坐在轮椅上在印度国际传媒学院攻读新闻学，勇敢地挑战着命运的重重阻碍)”及下文可知，文章描述了鲁奇塔如何克服天生的残疾、被学校拒收等巨大困难，在家人、朋友和机构的支持下，坚持追求教育，最终考入大学并开始新闻事业，致力于为弱势群体发声。她的整个历程充满了挑战，但她始终展现出积极面对的态度和坚定的意志。由此推知，最能描述她的品质是“积极而意志坚定”。故选B。BInagroundbreakingdevelopmentforneuroscience,ateamatTsinghuaUniversityhassuccessfullytestedanext-generation“Brain-ComputerInterface”(BCI)thatallowsparalyzedpatientstocontrolroboticlimbswithunprecedentedprecision.Unlikepreviousmodelsthatrequiredinvasivesurgeryandoftencausedimmunereactions,thisnewdeviceisminimallyinvasiveandusesflexibleelectronicsthatmimicthetextureofbraintissue.Thetechnology,detailedinthejournalNature,worksbyplacingameshofelectrodesonthebrain’ssurface.Theseelectrodespickupneuralsignalsandtranslatethemintodigitalcommandsinmilliseconds.Inclinicaltrials,a35-year-oldpatientwithspinalcordinjurywasabletograspacupofwaterandfeedhimselfusingaroboticarm,ataskhehadn’tperformedinoveradecade.Theimplicationsextendbeyondmobility.Researchersbelievethistechnologycouldeventuallyhelprestorespeechtopatientswithlocked-insyndromeortreatneurologicaldisorderslikeParkinson’s.“Thisisnotjustaboutmovingalimb,”saidProfessorZhang,theleadresearcher.“It’saboutrestoringasenseofagencyandconnectiontotheworld.”However,thetechnologyraisesprofoundethicalquestions.AsBCIsbecomemoreadvanced,issuesofprivacy,datasecurity,and“neuro-rights”cometotheforefront.Whoownsthedatageneratedbyyourbrain?Couldthistechnologybehacked?Thesearequestionsscientists,lawmakers,andsocietymustanswerasweenterthisneweraofhumanaugmentation.5.WhatisthekeyadvancementofthenewBCI?A.Itrequiresmajorbrainsurgery.B.Itusesrigidmaterialsforstability.C.Itisminimallyinvasiveandbiocompatible.D.Itisonlyusedforexperimentalpurposes.6.Whatwasachievedintheclinicaltrial?A.Apatientregainedfullmobility.B.Apatientcontrolledaroboticarmtoperformadailytask.C.Apatientrecoveredfromspinalcordinjury.D.Apatientcommunicatedverbally.7.AccordingtoProfessorZhang,whatisthedeeperimpactofthistechnology?A.Itwillreplacealltraditionalmedicaltreatments.B.Itwillmakerobotssmarterthanhumans.C.Itrestoresthepatient'ssenseofcontrolandconnection.D.Iteliminatestheneedforphysicaltherapy.8.Whatisthemainconcerndiscussedinthelastparagraph?A.Thehighcostofthesurgery.B.Thepotentialforjobloss.C.Ethicalissuesregardingbraindataprivacy.D.Thelackofqualifiedsurgeons.【答案】5.C6.B7.C8.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了清华大学研发的新一代微创、柔性脑机接口技术，该技术可帮助瘫痪患者精准控制机械臂完成日常动作，具有重大医学价值，同时也引发了相关伦理与数据安全问题。5.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unlikepreviousmodelsthatrequiredinvasivesurgeryandoftencausedimmunereactions,thisnewdeviceisminimallyinvasiveandusesflexibleelectronicsthatmimicthetextureofbraintissue.(与之前需要侵入性手术并经常引起免疫反应的模型不同，这种新设备是微创的，并使用模仿脑组织质地的柔性电子设备。)”可知，旧设备需要侵入性手术、常引发免疫排异反应，新设备是微创，还使用了模仿脑组织纹理的柔性材料，由此可知，这款新型脑机接口的关键进步是微创且生物相容。故选C。6.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inclinicaltrials,a35-year-oldpatientwithspinalcordinjurywasabletograspacupofwaterandfeedhimselfusingaroboticarm,ataskhehadn’tperformedinoveradecade.(在临床试验中，一名35岁的脊髓损伤患者能够用机械臂抓取水杯并自己进食，这是他十多年来都未曾做到的事情。)”可知，临床试验中一位脊髓损伤患者控制机械臂完成了拿水杯喂自己喝水这个日常任务。故选B。7.细节理解题。根据第三段中““Thisisnotjustaboutmovingalimb,”saidProfessorZhang,theleadresearcher.“It’saboutrestoringasenseofagencyandconnectiontotheworld.”(“这不仅仅是移动肢体，”首席研究员张教授说，“更是为了恢复人的自主感以及与世界的联系。”)”可知，张教授认为这项技术更深层的影响是恢复患者的掌控感与和世界的连接。故选C。8.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“However,thetechnologyraisesprofoundethicalquestions.AsBCIsbecomemoreadvanced,issuesofprivacy,datasecurity,and‘neuro-rights’cometotheforefront.Whoownsthedatageneratedbyyourbrain?Couldthistechnologybehacked?(然而，这项技术引发了深刻的伦理问题。随着脑机接口变得越来越先进，隐私、数据安全和“神经权利”问题成为人们关注的焦点。谁拥有你的大脑产生的数据？这项技术是否会被黑客攻击？)”可知，最后一段主要讨论的是关于大脑数据隐私的伦理问题。故选C。三阅读理解七选五Inpsychology,theword“prove”isusedcarefully,muchlikeapainterapplieseachbrushstroke(笔触)withgreatcare.Unlikethestrongconclusionsinphysicalsciences,psychologicalresearchbuildsabiggerpicturethroughmanysmallstudies.1Hisdiscoverywasnotasuddenbreakthroughbuttheresultofhardanddetailedwork.Similarly,ElizabethLoftus’sresearchdoubtshowaccuratewitnessreportsare.Insteadofcallingit“unreliable,”researchersusetermslike“potentialunreliability.”2So,theyusewordslike“demonstrate”and“suggest”toshowtheuncertaintyintheirconclusions.3Instead,Iteachmystudentstothinkcriticallyabouthowtouseit,muchlikeagardenerwhocaresforplants.Whenstudentsfirstusetheword,Iencouragethemtothinkaboutfactorsthatcouldchallengetheirconclusions.Forexample,Imightaskthem,“Howdoweknowthatnotallparticipantshadfalsememories?”Or,forFrenchstudents,“WhymightthesefindingsnotapplytoFrenchculture?”Thisapproachhelpsstudentsgraspthecomplexityofpsychologicalresearchanddevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Itencouragesthemtoreflectandanalyze,helpingthemcommunicatetheirfindingswithaccuracy.4Inpsychology,“proving”somethingislikebuildingasymphony.5Ineducation,teachingcriticalthinkingandclearlanguageuseisessentialforunderstandingthecoreofpsychologicalresearch.A.Thisindicatesthatfindingsmightchange.B.Inmyclassroom,Idonotbantheword“prove.”C.Eachpieceofevidenceaddstoalargerunderstanding.D.Psychologicaltheoriesareoftenrevisedasnewevidenceemerges.E.Asateacher,Ioftenremindmystudentstousethiswordappropriately.F.Thismethodalsobuildsappreciationforthedepthofpsychologicalinquiry.G.Forexample,EricKandelspentyearsstudyingseaanimalstolearnhowmemoryworks.【答案】1.G2.A3.B4.F5.C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了心理学研究中“证明”一词的谨慎使用，及其对学生批判性思维培养的重要性。1.由上文“Unlikethestrongconclusionsinphysicalsciences,psychologicalresearchbuildsabiggerpicturethroughmanysmallstudies.(与物理科学中的强烈结论不同，心理学研究是通过许多小型研究来构建一个更大的图景。)”可知，心理学研究是通过累积多个小研究的成果来形成整体理解的。本空应对心理学研究是如何通过长时间和细致的工作来取得成果的进行举例说明。G选项“Forexample,EricKandelspentyearsstudyingseaanimalstolearnhowmemoryworks.(例如，埃里克·坎德尔花了数年时间研究海洋动物，以了解记忆的工作原理。)”提供了一个具体的例子，说明心理学研究是如何通过长时间和细致的工作来取得成果的。这与上文的观点相吻合，即通过多个小研究来构建对某一领域的整体理解。故选G。2.由上文“Similarly,ElizabethLoftus’sresearchdoubtshowaccuratewitnessreportsare.Insteadofcallingit“unreliable,”researchersusetermslike“potentialunreliability.”(同样，伊丽莎白·洛夫图斯的研究对目击者报告的准确性表示怀疑。研究人员没有称其为“不可靠”，而是使用诸如“可能不可靠”之类的术语。)”可知，心理学研究在表达结论时倾向于使用较为谨慎的措辞，本空应强调这么作的原因。A选项“Thisindicatesthatfindingsmightchange.(这表明研究结果可能会改变。)”进一步说明了心理学研究结论的不确定性，即研究结果可能会随着新的证据或研究的深入而发生变化。这与上文的观点一致，即心理学研究在表达结论时更注重谨慎和不确定性。故选A。3.由下文“Itencouragesthemtoreflectandanalyze,helpingthemcommunicatetheirfindingswithaccuracy.(相反，我教我的学生批判性地思考如何使用它，就像园丁照顾植物一样。)”可知，作者在教学上采取了一种不同于传统禁止某些词汇使用的做法，本空应强调作者的教学方法。B选项“Inmyclassroom,Idonotbantheword“prove.”(在我的课堂上，我不禁止使用“证明”这个词。)”直接引出了下文的内容，即作者在教学上对于“证明”这个词的开放态度。故选B。4.由上文“Thisapproachhelpsstudentsgraspthecomplexityofpsychologicalresearchanddevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Itencouragesthemtoreflectandanalyze,helpingthemcommunicatetheirfindingswithaccuracy.(这种方法帮助学生掌握心理学研究的复杂性，并培养他们的批判性思维能力。它鼓励学生进行反思和分析，帮助他们准确地传达自己的发现。)”可知，作者的教学方法有助于学生掌握心理学研究的复杂性，并培养他们的批判性思维能力，本空应继续强调这种做法的好处。F选项“Thismethodalsobuildsappreciationforthedepthofpsychologicalinquiry.(这种方法还增强了对心理学探究深度的欣赏。)”进一步强调了这种教学方法的积极作用，即不仅有助于学生掌握知识和技能，还能增强他们对心理学研究的兴趣和欣赏。这与上文的观点相辅相成，符合题意。故选F。5.由上文“Inpsychology,“proving”somethingislikebuildingasymphony.(在心理学中，“证明”某件事就像创作一部交响乐。)”可知，心理学中的“证明”是一个复杂而细致的过程，需要多个元素和部分的协同作用，本空应强调每个部分对于整体的作用。C选项“Eachpieceofevidenceaddstoalargerunderstanding.(每一份证据都增加了对整体的理解。)”与上文的比喻相呼应，即每一份证据就像交响乐中的一个音符，共同构成了对某一问题的整体理解。这与上文的观点一致，即心理学中的“证明”是一个需要累积多个证据和研究的过程。故选C。四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AmongthefoundationalcornerstonesofearlyChinesecivilization,HongshanCultureholdsaplaceofprofoundsignificance.HongshanCulture,flourishingroughlyfrom4700to2900BCEin1isnowLiaoningProvinceandneighboringregions,stands2oneofChina’smostremarkableNeolithic(新石器)cultures.Themostfamoussite,Niheliang,3(feature)amagnificenttempleandrubble-moundstonetombs.HongshanCultureis4(unique)characterizedbyitsritual(礼仪的)practices,whichreflectasophisticatedsocialstructurefarbeyondmanycontemporarycultures.HongshanCulture,5influencespreadsacrossavastareaofNortheastChina,offersafascinatinginsightintoearlyChinesecivilization.Itisfamedforitsjadeartifacts,suchastheiconic“C-shapeddragon”andpig-dragonstatuesthatdemonstrateanunparalleledlevelofcraftsmanshipanda6(symbol)beliefsystem.Besidesjade,Hongshanpeoplealsobuiltlarge-scaleceremonialsites,7(highlight)theirorganizationalcapabilities.Equallynotableisthe8(maintain)ofculturalcontinuityintheregion.ElementsofHongshan’sjadeartandritualtraditionshavegreatlyinfluencedlaterChinesecivilizations,forming9importantlinkinthecountry’sculturalheritage.Today,ongoingarchaeologicalworkenablesnewevidence10(uncover)everyyear,helpingusbetterunderstandtheoriginsofancientChinesesocietiesandtheirspiritualworld.【答案】1.what2.as3.features4.uniquely5.whose6.symbolic7.highlighting8.maintenance9.an10.tobeuncovered【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红山文化，包括其地理位置、时间跨度、独特特点、文化影响以及考古发现等，展现了红山文化在中国早期文明中的重要地位。1.考查宾语从句。句意：红山文化大约在公元前4700年至2900年繁荣于现在的辽宁省及其周边地区，是中国最杰出的新石器文化之一。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。2.考查介词。句意：红山文化大约在公元前4700年至2900年繁荣于现在的辽宁省及其周边地区，是中国最杰出的新石器文化之一。standas为固定短语，意为“作为……而存在”。故填as。3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：最著名的遗址牛河梁，有一座宏伟的寺庙和碎石土堆石墓。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Themostfamoussite，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填features。4.考查副词。句意：红山文化的独特之处在于其礼仪习俗，这反映了其社会结构远比许多同时代的文化复杂。修饰动词characterized需用副词uniquely作状语。故填uniquely。5.考查定语从句。句意：红山文化的影响遍及中国东北的广大地区，为我们了解中国早期文明提供了迷人的视角。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为HongshanCulture，在从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。6.考查形容词。句意：它以玉器而闻名，如标志性的“C形龙”和猪龙雕像，这些雕像展示了无与伦比的工艺水平和象征性的信仰体系。修饰名词beliefsystem需用形容词symbolic作定语。故填symbolic。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了玉器，红山人还建造了大型的礼仪场所，突出了他们的组织能力。已有谓语动词built，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，和前面整个句子是主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填highlighting。8.考查名词。句意：同样值得注意的是该地区文化连续性的保持。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词maintenance作主语。故填maintenance。9.考查冠词。句意：红山玉器艺术和礼仪传统对后来的中国文明产生了巨大影响，成为中国文化遗产中的重要一环。link为可数名词，此处表示泛指，important发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，持续的考古工作每年都能发现新的证据，帮助我们更好地了解中国古代社会的起源及其精神世界。enablesth.todosth.为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语，evidence和uncover为被动关系，需用动词不定式的被动式。故填tobeuncovered。五、书面表达阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasachild,IlivedinasmalltowninPortugal.Peopleinourneighborhoodwereverycloseandalwayshelpedeachother.Thereweremanysmallshopsinourstreet—abaker,afishseller,avegetableseller,andasmallgrocerystore.Mostfamiliesdidn’thavemuchmoney,butwemanagedtolivecomfortablyenough.Onefamilystruggledmorethanothers—theSilvafamilywholivednexttothechurch.Mr.Silvaworkedasacleanerbutfoundithardtofindregularwork.Hehadfouryoungchildrentofeed.Mymotheralwaysfeltsorryforthem.“Thosechildrenneedwarmerclothes,”shewouldsay.“Andtheylooksothin.”Sinceourfamilywasalittlebetteroff,mymotheroftencookedextrasouporbreadandbroughtittotheSilvafamily.Irememberonewinterthatwasespeciallydifficult.Evenmyfather’sconstructionworkbecamelessfrequent.Wehadtobecarefulwithourmoneyandfood.Oneevening,mymotherheardthatMr.Silvahadlosthisjob.Withoutthinkingtwice,shestartedpreparingalargepotofbeansoup.“ButMother,”Icomplained,“that’sourdinnerfortomorrow!”Shesimplyreplied,“Theyhavenothingtoeattonight.Westillhavesomefoodfortomorrow.”Thankfully,thingsimprovedwhenspringcame.Mr.Silvafoundasteadyjobatanewhotelintown.Thefamilybegantostandontheirownfeetagain.Justwheneverythingseemedbetter,myfatherhadanaccidentataconstructionsiteandbrokehisleg.Hecouldn’tworkformonths.Mymother’ssmallincomefromsewingclotheswasn’tenoughforourfamily.Wefellbehindonrentandhadtoborrowmoneyforfood.MysisterandIthoughtwewouldhavetoleaveschool.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thensomethingwonderfulhappened.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________