2017-2018学年高中英语（人教版）选修八作业Unit3Section2课后

Unit3SectionⅡⅠ.单句语法填空1.(2016·江苏卷改编）InArtcriticism,youmustassumethattheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide)withinthework.解析：sth.done补。句意：在艺术评论时，你必须确信艺术家在他的作品里隐藏着秘密的信息。havesth.done使……被……。2.Look,thefalling(fall)leavesareallyellow.Lotsoffallen(fall)leavesmaketheroadyellow.解析：句意：看，正在往下掉的叶子都黄了；许多落叶使道路成了黄色。第一空现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作；第二空过去分词作定语，表示被动完成的动作。3.Iheardsomeonecalling(call)mewhenIcamein.解析：sb.doing，我听见有人在叫我。hearsb.doing听见某人在做某事，强调when从句发生那个时间点正在进行的动作。Iheardmynamecalled(call)whenIcamein.解析：句意：当我进来时，我听见有人在叫我。name与call之间是被动的关系，故called是过去分词作宾补。5.Whenhegotintoheavydebts,hefoundhimselfabandoned(abandon)byallhisformerfriends.解析：句意：当他债务缠身时，他发现自己被以前的朋友遗弃了。abandoned是过去分词作宾补,表示himself与abandon之间是被动的关系。6.Whiletheotherchildrenarerunningaroundandplaying,thegirljuststaysseated(seat)underatree,playing(play)withsand.解析：句意：当别的孩子四处跑动玩耍时，这名女孩坐在一棵树下玩沙子。stayseated坐着，stay是连系动词，seated过去分词作表语，表示坐的状态；playing是现在分词作伴随状语，表示动作由主语thegirl发出。7.Itistruethatbooksbought(buy)onlinearemuchcheaper.解析：句意：的确，在线购买的书籍要便宜很多。bought是过去分词作定语，表示book与buy之间是被动的关系。8.Haveyoueverseenadramaonlymade(make)upofthreepeople,whoplay10differentrolesduringtheshow？解析：句意：你看过这样一个戏剧吗？只有三个人组成，在演出中扮演十个不同的角色。made是过去分词作定语，表示drama与makeupof之间是被动的关系。9.Idon'tliketheblackroofandwantitpainted(paint)white.解析：句意：我不喜欢这个黑色屋顶，我想将它漆成白色。wantsth.+done想要……被……。10.Withhiseyesfixed(fix)onthephoto,Peterthoughtoftheenjoyabledaysspentinthecountryinhischildhood.解析：句意：眼睛盯着那张照片，彼德想起了他童年在农村度过的美好时光。with+宾语+done结构，作伴随状语，宾语eyes与fix之间是被动的关系。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Ifthemachinegoeswrongandyouwanttogetitlocally,youwillneedaServiceManual.解析：句意：如果那台机器坏了，你想在当地修理它的话，你就需要一本“维修手册”sth.repairedsth.repaired请人修理某东西。2.Itwascoldanddamp;themanpulleduphiscollarandputhishandstohisface.解析：句意：天气寒冷潮湿；这名男子竖起衣领，将手放在他冻僵的脸上。frozen被冻僵的；freezing极冷的。3.Hegavethethirdwarningseveralminuteslater,butthedemonstratorsremainedthere.解析：句意：几分钟后他发出第三次警告，但示威者仍然坐在那儿。remainseated仍然坐着,seated过去分词作表语，表示坐的状态。4.Ifyouwanttomakeyourself,youareabovealltorespectothers.解析：句意：如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。makeoneself+过去分词“使自己被……”。5.Shereadsthenewspaperseverydaytokeepherselfofthelatesthappeningsintheworld.解析：句意：她每天读报，了解世界最新发生的事情。keeponeselfinformedof使自己了解……。6.Shewassatisfiedtoseeherchildrenwelltakencareofinthenurseryandtherewasaexpressiononherface.解析：句意：看到她的孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾，她很满意，脸上露出满意的表情。expression反映人的心理活动的名词，故常用过去分词来修饰。7.Mr.Whiteshowedhisstudentssomeoldmapswereborrowedfromthelibrary.解析：句意：怀特先生将他从图书馆借来的一些旧地图拿给他的学生看。分析句子成分，maps后面的部分是作定语,maps与borrow之间是被动的关系，故borrowed相当于which/thatwereborrowed。8.Iamwiththeresultoftheexperiment.解析：句意：我对试验结果很满意。bepleasedwith对……满意；pleasing令人满意的，修饰事物。9.Leavethetrackoccasionallyanddiveintothewoods.解析：句意：偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。thebeatentrack平路，固定搭配。10.WesawtheplaybeingperformedonTVyesterday.解析：句意：昨天在电视上我们看见表演了这部戏剧。seesth.done看见某事物被……,根据yesterday，强调宾补的动作被动完成。seesth.beingdone看见……正在被……,强调宾补的动作正在进行且被动。Ⅲ.阅读理解Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople'semailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds'ruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon'tcarehowyou'refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon'twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingwordofmouthmunication—emails,Webpostsandreviews,facetofaceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative,butthatdidn'tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes'website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“mostemailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannonsciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes'readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”语篇导读本文是说明文，介绍在微信，网上跟帖以及面对面交流，好消息传得比较快。1.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinapplyto?A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.C.Privateemails.D.Dailyconversations.解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.可知选A。2.WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?A.They'resociallyinactive.B.They'regoodattellingstories.C.They'reinconsiderateofothers.D.They'recarefulwiththeirwords.解析：C推理判断以及词义猜测题。这段前面提到“流血”消息会引起大众媒体的注意，而媒体不会在乎人们的感受；但你分享你的故事，你会在乎别人的感受，不做一个DebbieDowner，故选C。3.WhichtendedtobethemostemailedaccordingtoDr.Berger'sresearch?A.Sportsnews.B.Sciencearticles.C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.解析：B根据第三段Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannonsciencearticles。故选B。4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWideB.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeopleC.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimesD.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks解析：D标题归纳题。根据第一段以及文章全文可知，好消息比坏消息传得快。故选D。Ⅳ.完形填空ARaceAgainstDeathItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNome,Alaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch1asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(传染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe2ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.3,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's4wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe5roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn'yet.6January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere7.Nome'stownofficialscameupwitha(n)8.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby9fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would10ittoNomeinarelay(接力).TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.11hehandedthemedicinetomusher,Shannon'sfacewasblackfromremecold.OnJanuary31，amushernamedSeppalahadto12afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost13partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould14,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis15.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕迹)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto16thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen'sleaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,17tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto18.Hehadfoundthetrail.At5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdogs19inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehadbeen20.语篇导读本文是记叙文。北部阿拉斯加郊区得了一种传染病，非常偏远，药品很难送达到，那个地方天寒地冻，把港口、陆路都全部封闭了，就跟死亡赛跑。这篇文章出现了狗拉雪橇的人们，他们不远万里，不惧艰辛，给阿拉斯加的小镇雪中送炭。1.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured解析：A医生检查出来小男孩Billy得病。故选A。2.A.harmlessB.helpless C.fearless D.careless解析：B如果这个事情没有得到控制，整个镇子将会是怎样？将会是孤立无援helpless。3.A.MoreoverB.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However解析：D好多孩子开始得病了，然而，距离我们最近的一个药品站很远。在这种情况下表示转折，故选D项。However然而。4.A.airportB.station C.harbor D.border解析：C下文说了这个地方全都是冰，不能用船运送。故选C。harbor港口。5.A.narrow B.snowy C.busy D.dirty解析：B下文出现狗拉雪橇，暗示路上都被雪覆盖了，故选B。snowy大雪的。6.A.FromB.On C.By D.After解析：C下文出现Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied。By+过去时间，到……时，作状语，句子谓语用过去完成时。OnJanuary26作状语，句子谓语用过去时。故选C。7.A.tired B.upset C.pale D.sick解析：D又有二十多个孩子病了。sick生病的。故选D。8.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic解析：A官方在这种情况下，想出一个计划。故选A。plan计划。9.A.air B.rail C.sea D.road解析：B从下文Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenana可知狗拉雪橇的人从火车上拿货物。byrail从铁路运输过来的。故选B。10.A.carry B.return C.mail D.give解析：A通过狗拉雪橇的人，把药品怎么样运到这个城镇，是从城镇往回搬，还是让这些狗拉雪橇的人带着东西递送药。carry携带。11.A.Though B.Since C.When D.If解析：C当第一个狗拉雪橇的人把药传给另外一个人，他的脸因为极度地寒冷而变黑了。When当……的时候。12.A.enter B.move C.visit D.cross解析：DOnJanuary31在一月三十一日，名叫Seppala狗拉雪橇的人要爬着过一层冰河。cross，穿过。故选D。13.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerousD.foolish解析：C下文出现NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.说明这段路程很危险。故选C。14.A.escape B.bleed C.swim D.die解析：D上文提及Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.可知，他如果掉入冰冷的河里，会死去；这个城镇的孩子们也会死。故选D。die死去。15.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination解析：C2月份一场非常大的暴风雪袭击了城镇，大块的雪把路挡住了。blocktheway把路挡住了。16.A.find B.fix C.pass D.change解析：A当时条件极差，很难找到拉雪橇的痕迹。find找到。17.A.pretendingB.trying C.asking D.learning解析：B根据语境，Balto尝试嗅出其他狗的气味。trying试图，现在分词作伴随状语。18.A.run B.leave C.bite D.play解析：A根据下文Hehadfoundthetrail可知，Balto找到了雪橇的痕迹，于是开始奔跑。故选A。19.A.gathered B.stayed C.camped D.arrived解析：D根据下文可知Kaasen和他的狗到达了Nome。arrive到达。20.A.controlled B.saved C.foundedD.developed解析：B药被安全送到，疾病得到控制，孩子们恢复了健康，Nome镇被救了。saved挽救，抢救。故选B。Ⅴ.语法填空Thegiantpanda1.isloved(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.Chinesescientists2.recently(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery3.ca