2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二考试题库

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二考试题库SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitalminimalism"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasaresponsetothepervasivenatureoftechnologyinmodernlife.CoinedbyCalNewport,itisnotsimplyaboutusingtechnologyless,butaboutbeingintentionalabouthowweuseit.Thecorephilosophyistocarefully1adigitallifethatsupportsyourvaluesratherthanonethat2you.Inaworldwhereattentionisthenewcurrency,theabilitytofocusisasuperpower.However,ourdevicesareoftendesignedtoexploitthisattention,keepingus3inacycleofendlessscrollingandnotifications.Toachievedigitalminimalism,onemustfirstundergoaperiodofdetachment.Thisofteninvolvesa30-daybreakfromoptionaltechnologies,4youtoresetyourbrain'srewardsystem.Duringthistime,youmightfeelasenseofwithdrawal,whichisa5indicationofhowdependentyouhavebecome.Afterthisperiod,youslowlyreintroducetechnology,butonlyifitservesa6purposeinyourlife.This7processensuresthatyouarethemasterofyourtools,nottheotherwayaround.Criticsarguethatthisapproachis8anddifficulttomaintaininahyper-connectedworld.Afterall,manyjobsrequireconstantconnectivity.However,digitalminimalismdoesnotadvocateforareturntothepre-internetera.Instead,itencouragesabalanced9wheretechnologyisatoolfordeepworkandmeaningfulconnection,notasourceofconstantdistraction.By10qualityoverquantityinourdigitalinteractions,wecanreclaimourtimeandattentionforthethingsthattrulymatter.1.[A]cultivate[B]ignore[C]abandon[D]misunderstand2.[A]benefits[B]simplifies[C]exploits[D]defines3.[A]engaged[B]trapped[C]relaxed[D]confused4.[A]forcing[B]allowing[C]reminding[D]persuading5.[A]subtle[B]positive[C]clear[D]strange6.[A]specific[B]social[C]hidden[D]temporary7.[A]gradual[B]sudden[C]rapid[D]automatic8.[A]innovative[B]practical[C]unrealistic[D]essential9.[A]diet[B]schedule[C]relationship[D]lifestyle10.[A]prioritizing[B]questioning[C]separating[D]standardizingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)inthecreativeindustrieshassparkedaheateddebateaboutthenatureofartandtheroleofthehumanartist.GenerativeAImodels,suchasMidjourneyandGPT-4,canproducestunningimagesandcoherenttextinseconds,tasksthatpreviouslytookhumanshoursordays.Proponentsarguethatthesetoolsdemocratizecreativity,allowingindividualswithoutformaltrainingtoexpresstheirideasvisuallyandverbally.TheyseeAInotasareplacement,butasapowerfulassistantthatcanhandlemundanetasks,freeingartiststofocusonhigher-levelconceptualization.However,criticsraisesignificantethicalandeconomicconcerns.Onemajorissueiscopyright.AImodelsaretrainedonvastdatasetsofexistingwork,oftenwithouttheconsentorcompensationoftheoriginalcreators.Thishasledtolawsuitsfromartistsandphotographerswhofeeltheirintellectualpropertyisbeingstolentogenerateprofitfortechcompanies.Furthermore,thereisthefearofdevaluation.Ifanalgorithmcanproduceapaintinginthestyleofamaster,theuniquevalueofhuman-madeartmaybediminishedintheeyesofconsumers.Despitethesechallenges,theintegrationofAIintocreativeworkflowsseemsinevitable.Ratherthanfightingthetide,manyindustryexpertssuggestthatthefocusshouldshifttoadaptation.Thismightinvolvedevelopingneweconomicmodelsthatcompensateartistsfortheuseoftheirdataintrainingsets,orredefiningwhatitmeanstobea"creative"inanageofautomation.Thefutureofartmaybeahybridone,wherehumanvisionguidesthepowerofmachineexecutiontocreateentirelynewformsofexpression.11.ProponentsofAIincreativeindustriesbelievethatAI______.[A]willeventuallyreplacehumanartistsentirely[B]lowersthebarriertoentryforcreativeexpression[C]isprimarilyathreattotraditionalartforms[D]createsartthatissuperiortohuman-madeart12.Whatistheprimaryethicalconcernmentionedbycritics?[A]AIistooexpensiveforindividualartiststouse.[B]AImodelsareunabletounderstandcomplexemotions.[C]AItrainingofteninvolvesunauthorizeduseofexistingwork.[D]AIwillleadtoacompletestagnationofhumancreativity.13.Theword"devaluation"inParagraph2mostlikelymeans______.[A]decreaseinperceivedworth[B]increaseinproductionspeed[C]improvementintechnicalquality[D]simplificationofthecreativeprocess14.HowdoindustryexpertssuggestdealingwiththechallengesofAI?[A]BybanningtheuseofAIinallcreativefields.[B]ByignoringtheeconomicimplicationsofAI.[C]ByfindingwaystoadaptandintegrateAIresponsibly.[D]ByrestrictingAItrainingtopublicdomainworksonly.15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsAIinart?[A]Optimisticbutcautious[B]Highlycritical[C]Completelyindifferent[D]EnthusiasticallysupportiveText2The"gigeconomy"hastransformedthewaymillionsofpeoplework,offeringflexibilityandindependencethattraditional9-to-5jobsoftenlack.PlatformslikeUber,DoorDash,andFiverrconnectfreelancerswithcustomersforspecifictasks,fromride-sharingtographicdesign.Formany,thismodelisalifeline,allowingstudentstoearnincomebetweenclasses,parentstoworkaroundchildcare,andretireestosupplementtheirpensions.Itpromisesaworldwhereyouareyourownboss.Yet,thisfreedomoftencomesatasteepprice.Thelackofbenefitsisthemostglaringissue.Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,meaningtheyarenotentitledtohealthinsurance,paidsickleave,orretirementplans.Whenthepandemichit,thefragilityofthisarrangementbecamepainfullyapparent.Manydriversanddeliveryworkersfoundthemselveswithoutasafetynet,forcedtochoosebetweentheirhealthandearningaliving.Moreover,thealgorithmicmanagementstyleusedbytheseplatformscanbedehumanizing.Workersareconstantlymonitoredbyappsthattracktheiracceptancerates,speed,andcustomerratings.Fallingbelowacertainthresholdcanleadto"deactivation,"effectivelyfiringtheworkerwithoutnoticeorrecourse.Thiscreatesahigh-pressureenvironmentwhereworkersfeelliketheyareconstantlyracingagainsttheclocktopleaseaninvisibleoverlord.Regulatorsarebeginningtotakenotice.Somejurisdictionshavepassedlawsreclassifyinggigworkersasemployees,grantingthembasiclaborprotections.However,platformsoftenfighttheseregulationsvigorously,arguingthatincreasedcostswillleadtohigherpricesforconsumersandfeweropportunitiesforworkers.Thedebateoverthegigeconomyisfarfromover,associetystrugglestobalancethedesireforflexibilitywiththeneedforsecurity.16.Accordingtothetext,thegigeconomyisappealingbecauseit______.[A]offerscomprehensivehealthbenefits[B]providesgreaterjobsecurity[C]allowsforflexibleworkingarrangements[D]guaranteesahighminimumwage17.Thepandemichighlightedthe______ofgigwork.[A]globalreach[B]lackofsecurity[C]technologicalefficiency[D]environmentalimpact18.Algorithmicmanagementinthegigeconomyisdescribedas______.[A]supportiveandnurturing[B]transparentandfair[C]stressfulanddemanding[D]outdatedandinefficient19.Howdoplatformstypicallyrespondtoregulationsreclassifyingworkers?[A]Theyembracethechangestoimproveworkerwelfare.[B]Theyargueagainstthemtoprotecttheirbusinessmodel.[C]Theyimmediatelyshutdownoperationsinaffectedareas.[D]Theyvoluntarilyprovidebenefitswithoutlegalpressure.20.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?[A]Thegigeconomyisaperfectsolutionformodernworkers.[B]Thegigeconomyneedstobeabolishedimmediately.[C]Thegigeconomypresentsbothopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.[D]Thegigeconomyisonlybeneficialfortech-savvyyoungpeople.Text3Urbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andgreenroofs,areoftenviewedmerelyasaestheticenhancementstocitylife.However,agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhattheyplayacrucialroleinpublichealthandenvironmentalsustainability.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsistheirabilitytomitigatethe"urbanheatisland"effect.Cities,coveredinconcreteandasphalt,absorbandretainheat,makingthemsignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareas.Treesandvegetationprovideshadeandreleasemoisturethroughevapotranspiration,coolingtheairnaturally.Beyondtemperatureregulation,greenspaceshaveaprofoundimpactonmentalhealth.Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthataccesstonaturereducesstress,anxiety,anddepression.Evenabriefwalkinaparkcanlowercortisollevelsandimprovemood.Indenselypopulatedcitieswhereresidentsoftenliveinsmallapartments,theseareasserveasessential"lungs,"providingaplaceforexercise,relaxation,andsocialinteraction.Furthermore,urbangreenerycontributestobiodiversity.Whilecitiesarenottypicallyassociatedwithwildlife,well-designedparkscanserveassanctuariesforbirds,insects,andsmallmammals.Thisbiodiversityisnotjustimportantfortheanimalsthemselves;italsohelpscontrolpestsandpollinateplants,contributingtotheoverallecologicalbalanceoftheurbanenvironment.Despitethesebenefits,maintainingandexpandingurbangreenspacesfaceschallenges.Realestateisexpensive,andthepressuretodeveloplandforhousingandcommercialuseisintense.Plannersandpolicymakersmustprioritizegreeninfrastructureasanecessityratherthanaluxury.Thisrequiresinnovativesolutions,suchasverticalgardens,pocketparks,andcommunitygardensonunusedland.Investingingreenspacesisnotjustaninvestmentinbeauty;itisaninvestmentinthelong-termhealthandresilienceofthecity.21.The"urbanheatisland"effectrefersto______.[A]thewarmingofcitiesduetomaterialslikeconcrete[B]themigrationofislanderstourbancenters[C]thepopularityoftropicalplantsincities[D]`theheatgeneratedbyurbantraffic22.Accordingtothetext,accesstonatureincitiescan______.[A]increasecortisollevels[B]improvementalwell-being[C]leadtohighercrimerates[D]reducetheneedforgyms23.Urbangreenerysupportsbiodiversityby______.[A]removingallpestsfromthecity[B]providinghabitatsforvariousspecies[C]increasingtheconcretecoverage[D]isolatingurbanareasfromruralzones24.Themainchallengefacingurbangreenspacesis______.[A]lackofpublicinterest[B]highcostandpressureforlanddevelopment[C]theinabilityofplantstosurviveincities[D]thelackofscientificevidencefortheirbenefits25.Theauthorsuggeststhatcitiesshouldtreatgreeninfrastructureas______.[A]aluxuryforthewealthy[B]atemporarysolution[C]anessentialurbancomponent[D]alow-priorityprojectText4Theconceptof"lifelonglearning"hasevolvedfromabuzzwordtoanecessityinthe21st-centurylabormarket.Rapidtechnologicaladvancements,particularlyinautomationandartificialintelligence,arerenderingskillsobsoleteatanunprecedentedrate.Themodelofeducationwhereonelearnsatradeintheirtwentiesandappliesitforfortyyearsisnolongerviable.Workersmustnowengageincontinuousupskillingandreskillingtoremainrelevant.Thisshiftplacesaburdenonindividuals,butalsooneducationalinstitutionsandemployers.Traditionaluniversitiesareoftentooslowandrigidtokeeppacewiththechangingneedsoftheindustry.Asaresult,weareseeingtheriseofalternativecredentialingsystems,suchasonlinebootcamps,micro-credentials,andprofessionalcertificatesofferedbycompanieslikeGoogleandIBM.Theseprogramsaredesignedtobeshorter,moreflexible,anddirectlyalignedwithcurrentjobmarketdemands.Employers,too,arerealizingthattheycannotsimplyhire"ready-made"talent.Theymustinvestintheinternaldevelopmentoftheirworkforce.Companiesthatofferrobusttrainingprogramsandlearningstipendstendtohavehigheremployeeretentionandsatisfactionrates.Itfostersacultureofgrowthandadaptability,whichiscrucialinavolatilebusinessenvironment.However,thereisariskofcreatinga"learningdivide."Thosewiththetime,resources,andaccesstohigh-speedinternetcantakeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestoadvancetheircareers.Conversely,low-incomeworkersmaystruggletofindthetimeormoneytoupskill,potentiallywideningtheinequalitygap.Policymakersmustensurethataccesstoeducationandtrainingisequitable,providingsubsidiesandsupportsystemsforthosewhoneeditmost.Lifelonglearningshouldbealadderup,notabarriertoentry.26.Lifelonglearninghasbecomenecessarybecause______.[A]peoplearelivinglonger[B]traditionaluniversitiesaretooexpensive[C]skillsarebecomingoutdatedfaster[D]employersrequiremoredegrees27.Whatisalimitationoftraditionaluniversitiesmentionedinthetext?[A]Theyaretooshort.[B]Theylackflexibilityandspeed.[C]Theydonotofferanycertificates.[D]Theyarenotaccessibleonline.28.Howdocompaniesbenefitfrominvestinginemployeetraining?[A]Theycanreducesalaries.[B]Theycanhirefewerpeople.[C]Theyimproveemployeeretention.[D]Theyeliminatetheneedforexternalhiring.29.The"learningdivide"referstotheriskthat______.[A]olderworkerswillnotlearnnewskills[B]onlycertaingroupscanaccessupskillingopportunities[C]onlinelearningisoflowerquality[D]employerswillstopfundingeducation30.Theauthor'smainconcerninthelastparagraphis______.[A]thequalityofonlinecourses[B]thespeedoftechnologicalchange[C]thepotentialforincreasedinequality[D]thefailureoftraditionaleducationPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubtitlefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(31-35).Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]ThePowerofVisualisation[B]CultivatingaGrowthMindset[C]TheImportanceofRoutine[D]LearningfromFailure[E]SettingClearGoals[F]TheRoleofNutrition[G]ManagingStressEffectively31.______Successrarelyhappensbyaccident.Itistheresultofadeliberateandsustainedefforttowardsaspecifictarget.Withoutacleardestination,itiseasytodriftaimlessly,wastingtimeandenergyonactivitiesthatdonotcontributetoyourprogress.Highachieversunderstandtheimportanceofdefiningexactlywhattheywanttoachieve.Theybreakdownlarge,dauntingambitionsintosmaller,manageablemilestones.Thisnotonlymakesthejourneyseemlessoverwhelmingbutalsoprovidesaroadmaptofollow,ensuringthateverysteptakenisastepintherightdirection.32.______Howyouperceiveyourabilitiesandintelligenceplaysacrucialroleinyourperformance.Individualswhobelievethattheirtalentsarefixedtraitsareoftenafraidofchallengesandgiveupeasilywhenthingsgettough.Incontrast,thosewhoadoptaperspectivethatabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedicationandhardworkaremoreresilient.Theyviewchallengesasopportunitiestogrowratherthanthreatstotheirego.Thismindsetfostersaloveforlearningandaresiliencethatisessentialforgreataccomplishment.33.______Thepathtosuccessisrarelyastraightline;itisfraughtwithobstacles,setbacks,andunexpecteddetours.Whenthingsgowrong,thenaturalreactionistofeeldiscouragedorfrustrated.However,successfulindividualspossesstheabilitytoreframethesenegativeexperiences.Insteadofseeingthemasdefinitiveproofofincompetence,theyanalyzewhatwentwrongandextractvaluablelessons.Theyunderstandthateverymistakecontainsahiddennuggetofwisdomthat,ifapplied,canpreventfutureerrorsandleadtobetteroutcomes.34.______Willpowerisafiniteresourcethatcanbedepletedthroughouttheday.Relyingsolelyonmotivationisunreliable,asitfluctuatesbasedonourmoodandenergylevels.Tocombatthis,highperformersestablishconsistentdailyhabits.Byautomatingcertainbehaviors,theyreducethementalloadrequiredtomakedecisions.Asolidmorningroutine,forexample,cansetapositivetonefortheentireday.Consistencybeatsintensity;showingupeverydayisfarmorepowerfulthanshowinguponceinawhilewithmaximumeffort.35.______Theabilitytoimagineadesiredfutureoutcomeisapotenttool.Itinvolvesmorethanjustdaydreaming;itisafocusedpracticeofmentallyrehearsingsuccess.Byvividlypicturingtheprocessandtheresult,thebrainbecomesprimedtorecognizeandseizetheopportunitiesthatalignwiththatvision.Thistechniqueenhancesmotivationandincreasesconfidence,asthemindbeginstoacceptthepossibilityofsuccessasarealityratherthanadistantfantasy.Itbridgesthegapbetweenwhereyouareandwhereyouwanttobe.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasfundamentallychangedthewaywecommunicate,work,andlive.Whiletheseadvancementshavebroughtaboutunprecedentedconvenienceandefficiency,theyhavealsointroducednewchallengesthatwemustnavigate.Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheerosionofprivacyinthedigitalage.Asweintegratemoresmartdevicesintoourhomesandpersonallives,wegeneratevastamountsofdatathatcanbecollected,analyzed,andpotentiallyexploited.Itisimperativethatweestablishrobustlegalframeworkstoprotectindividualrightsandensurethattechnologyserveshumanity,ratherthanunderminingit.Furthermore,wemustcultivateasenseofdigitalresponsibility,understandingthatouronlineactionshavereal-worldconsequences.SectionIVWritingPartADirections:SupposeyouareLiMing,amemberoftheuniversity'sstudentunion.Theunionisplanningtoorganizea"CareerDevelopmentWorkshop"forseniorstudents.WriteanemailtoProfessorSmith,adistinguishedscholarinyourfield,toinvitehimtobethekeynotespeaker.Inyouremail,youshouldincludethefollowingdetails:1.Thepurposeandtimeoftheworkshop.2.WhyyouthinkProfessorSmithisthesuitablecandidate.3.Thehopeforapositivereply.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameorthenameoftheuniversity.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartBDirections:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Thechartshowsthechangesinthereadinghabitsofcollegestudentsinacertainuniversityoverthepastfiveyears(2020-2024).Describethechartandanalyzethereasons.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ChartDataDescription:Thechartisalinegraphwiththreelinesrepresenting:1.E-books(Hoursperweek):Startsat2.5in2020,risessteadilyto6.0in2024.2.PrintedBooks(Hoursperweek):Startsat5.0in2020,fluctuatesslightly,dropsto3.5in2024.3.Audiobooks(Hoursperweek):Startsat0.5in2020,risesslowlyto2.0in2024.参考答案与详细解析SectionIUseofEnglish1.[A]cultivate解析：此处语境为“精心培养一种支持你价值观的数字生活”。cultivate意为“培养，耕作”，符合语境。ignore（忽略）、abandon（放弃）、misunderstand（误解）均不符合“digitalminimalism”提倡的积极构建生活方式的语意。2.[C]exploits解析：此处对比前半句的“supportsyourvalues”（支持你的价值观），后半句应表示负面含义，即“而不是一种利用你的生活”。exploit意为“利用，剥削”，符合语境。benefit（有益于）、simplify（简化）、define（定义）均无法形成恰当的对比。3.[B]trapped解析：此处描述设备利用注意力，让我们陷入无休止的滚动和通知循环中。trapped意为“被困住”，形象地描绘了难以自拔的状态。engaged（参与）、relaxed（放松）、confused（困惑）均不如trapped准确。4.[B]allowing解析：30天的休息让你能够重置大脑的奖励系统。allowing意为“允许，使……能够”。forcing（强迫）、reminding（提醒）、persuading（劝说）均不符合逻辑，休息本身是主动选择，其结果是“允许”大脑重置。5.[C]clear解析：戒断反应是你变得多么依赖的一个明显迹象。clear意为“清楚的，明显的”。subtle（微妙的）、positive（积极的）、strange（奇怪的）均不符合语境，戒断反应通常是不舒服的，但它是依赖性的有力证明。6.[A]specific解析：只有当它在你的生活中服务于特定目的时，才重新引入技术。specific意为“特定的，具体的”。social（社交的）、hidden（隐藏的）、temporary（暂时的）在语境中不如specific贴切，数字极简主义强调技术的工具性用途。7.[A]gradual解析：在戒断期后是“slowlyreintroduce”（慢慢重新引入），所以这是一个渐进的过程。gradual意为“渐进的”。sudden（突然的）、rapid（迅速的）、automatic（自动的）均与slowly矛盾。8.[C]unrealistic解析：批评者认为这种方法是不切实际的。后文提到许多工作需要持续的连接，这支持了unrealistic（不切实际的）这一观点。innovative（创新的）、practical（实用的）、essential（必要的）均与批评者的立场相反。9.[D]lifestyle解析：鼓励一种平衡的生活方式。lifestyle意为“生活方式”。diet（饮食）、schedule（日程）、relationship（关系）虽然可以搭配balanced，但此处指整体的数字生活方式，lifestyle最为全面。10.[A]prioritizing解析：通过优先考虑质量而非数量……prioritizing意为“优先考虑”。questioning（质疑）、separating（分离）、standardizing（标准化）均不符合“少即是多”的核心理念。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText111.[B]lowersthebarriertoentryforcreativeexpression解析：根据第一段第二句“Proponentsarguethatthesetoolsdemocratizecreativity,allowingindividualswithoutformaltrainingtoexpresstheirideas...”可知，支持者认为AI让没有受过正规训练的人也能表达创意，即降低了创意表达的门槛。12.[C]AItrainingofteninvolvesunauthorizeduseofexistingwork.解析：根据第二段第三句“Onemajorissueiscopyright.AImodelsaretrainedonvastdatasetsofexistingwork,oftenwithouttheconsentorcompensationoftheoriginalcreators.”可知，主要伦理问题是版权问题，即未经授权使用现有作品进行训练。13.[A]decreaseinperceivedworth解析：devaluation由de-（降低/去除）+value（价值）+-ation（名词后缀）组成，意为“贬值”。文中提到如果算法能模仿大师风格，人类艺术的价值可能会被降低。A选项“感知价值的下降”最符合。14.[C]ByfindingwaystoadaptandintegrateAIresponsibly.解析：根据第三段第一句“Despitethesechallenges,theintegrationofAIintocreativeworkflowsseemsinevitable.”以及建议“focusshouldshifttoadaptation”可知，专家建议通过适应和负责任地整合AI来应对挑战。15.[A]Optimisticbutcautious解析：作者在文中既提到了AI带来的民主化创意和辅助作用（乐观），也详细讨论了版权、伦理等挑战（谨慎），并最后提出混合未来的展望。因此态度是乐观但谨慎的。Text216.[C]allowsforflexibleworkingarrangements解析：根据第一段第二句“...offeringflexibilityandindependencethattraditional9-to-5jobsoftenlack.”可知，零工经济的吸引力在于其提供的灵活性和独立性。17.[B]lackofsecurity解析：根据第二段最后一句“Manydriversanddeliveryworkersfoundthemselveswithoutasafetynet...”可知，疫情突显了零工经济缺乏安全网（即缺乏保障）的问题。18.[C]stressfulanddemanding解析：根据第三段最后一句“Thiscreatesahigh-pressureenvironmentwhereworkersfeelliketheyareconstantlyracingagainsttheclock...”可知，算法管理营造了高压环境，让人感到压力大且要求高。19.[B]Theyargueagainstthemtoprotecttheirbusinessmodel.解析：根据第四段第三句“However,platformsoftenfighttheseregulationsvigorously,arguingthatincreasedcostswillleadtohigherprices...”可知，平台通常会激烈反对这些法规，以维护其商业模式（成本控制）。20.[C]Thegigeconomypresentsbothopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.解析：文章第一段讲了机会（灵活性），第二、三段讲了挑战（福利缺失、算法高压），第四段讲了监管争议。综合全文，主旨是探讨零工经济带来的机遇与挑战并存。Text321.[A]thewarmingofcitiesduetomaterialslikeconcrete解析：根据第一段第三句“Cities,coveredinconcreteandasphalt,absorbandretainheat,makingthemsignificantlywarmer...”可知，“热岛效应”是指因混凝土等材料导致城市比周边地区更热的现象。22.[B]improvementalwell-being解析：根据第二段第二句“Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthataccesstonaturereducesstress,anxiety,anddepression.”可知，接触自然能改善心理健康。23.[B]providinghabitatsforvariousspecies解析：根据第三段第二句“...well-designedparkscanserveassanctuariesforbirds,insects,andsmallmammals.”可知，城市绿地通过为各种物种提供栖息地来支持生物多样性。24.[B]highcostandpressureforlanddevelopment解析：根据第四段第二句“Realestateisexpensive,andthepressuretodeveloplandforhousingandcommercialuseisintense.”可知，主要挑战是地价昂贵和开发用地的压力。25.[C]anessentialurbancomponent解析：根据第四段第三句“Plannersandpolicymakersmustprioritizegreeninfrastructureasanecessityratherthanaluxury.”可知，作者建议将绿色基础设施视为必需品，而非奢侈品。Text426.[C]skillsarebecomingoutdatedfaster解析：根据第一段第二句“Rapidtechnologicaladvancements...arerenderingskillsobsoleteatanunprecedentedrate.”可知，终身学习之所以必要，是因为技能过时的速度前所未有的快。27.[B]Theylackflexibilityandspeed.解析：根据第二段第二句“Traditionaluniversitiesareoftentooslowandrigidtokeeppacewiththechangingneedsoftheindustry.”可知，传统大学的局限性在于太慢和僵化，即缺乏灵活性和速度。28.[C]Theyimproveemployeeretention.解析：根据第三段第二句“Companiesthatofferrobusttrainingprograms...tendtohavehigheremployeeretentionandsatisfactionrates.”可知，投资员工培训能提高员工保留率。29.[B]onlycertaingroupscanaccessupskillingopportunities解析：根据第四段第二句“Conversely,low-incomeworkersmaystruggletofindthetimeormoneytoupskill,potentiallywideningtheinequalitygap.”可知，“学习鸿沟”指的是只有特定群体（有资源的人）能获得技能提升机会，从而加剧不平等。30.1.[C]thepotentialforincreasedinequality解析：最后一段主要讨论了“学习鸿沟”问题，担心低收入者无法获得再培训机会，从而扩大不平等差距。因此作者主要关心的是不平等加剧的潜在风险。PartB31.[E]SettingClearGoals解析：该段首句提到“Successrarelyhappensbyaccident”，随后强调definingexactlywhatyouwanttoachieve（明确想要达成什么），并提到roadmap（路线图）。这些都是关于设定清晰目标的内容。32.[B]CultivatingaGrowthMindset解析：该段讨论了如何感知能力，对比了固定型思维和认为能力可以通过努力发展的思维，这正是“成长型思维”的定义。33.[D]LearningfromFailure解析：该段主要讲面对挫折和失败时，成功人士如何从中吸取教训，把错误视为智慧。这对应从失败中学习。34.[C]TheImportanceofRoutine解析：该段提到意志力有限，靠动力不可靠，因此高绩效者会建立consistentdailyhabits（持续的日常习惯），并强调consistency（一致性）。这对应习惯/常规的重要性。35.[A]ThePowerofVisualisation解析：该段首句提到“Theabilitytoimagineadesiredfutureoutcome”（想象预期未来结果的能力），随后描述了vividlypicturing（生动地想象）。这是关于可视化的力量。SectionIIITranslation参考译文：科技的快速发展已经根本性地改变了我们沟通、工作和生活的方式。虽然这些进步带来了前所未有的便利和效率，但也引入了我们必须应对的新挑战。最紧迫的问题之一是数字时代隐私的侵蚀。随着我们将更多智能设备集成到家庭和个人生活中，我们产生了海量的数据，这些数据可以被收集、分析，并可能被利用。当务之急是建立强有力的法律框架来保护个人权利，确保技术服务于人类，而不是削弱人类。此外，我们必须培养一种数字责任感，理解我们的网络行为在现实世界中会产生后果。解析要点：1."fundamentallychanged":根本性地改变。2."unprecedented":前所未有的。3."navigate":原意为导航，引申为应对、处理。4."erosionofprivacy":隐私的侵蚀/丧失。5."integrate":集成、整合。6."imperative":极重要的、当务之急的。7."robustlegalframeworks":强有力的法律框架。8."undermining":破坏、削弱。9."digitalresponsibility":数字责任感。SectionIVWritingPartA参考范文：D