2026年研究生入学考试英语二真题练习卷

2026年研究生入学考试英语二真题练习卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitalnomadism"—workingremotelywhiletravelingtheworld—hasevolvedfromanichelifestyleintoasignificantculturalandeconomicphenomenon.Initially,itwasprimarilytech-savvymillennialswho__1__the9-to-5officeroutineinfavoroflaptopsandWi-Fiinexoticlocations.However,the__2__oftheCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedthistrenddramatically.Ascompaniesworldwidewereforcedto__3__remoteworkpolicies,bothemployersandemployeesdiscoveredthatphysicalproximitywasnotalways__4__forproductivity.Thisrealizationhasledtoa__5__shiftinthegloballabormarket.Countrieseagertoboosttheireconomieshavebegunto__6__specificvisaprogramstoattracttheselocation-independentworkers.Forinstance,nationslikePortugalandEstoniaoffer"DigitalNomadVisas,"providing__7__forstaysrangingfromsixmonthstoayear.Thesepoliciesarenotmerelyabouttourismrevenue;theyaimto__8__long-termeconomicbenefitsbyattractinghigh-incomeearnerswhospendmoneylocally.__9__,theriseofdigitalnomadismisnotwithoutitschallenges.Criticsarguethattheinfluxofwealthyforeignerscandriveuphousingprices,__10__localresidentsoutofaffordableneighborhoods.Thereisalsotheenvironmental__11__offrequentairtravel,whichcontradictstheeco-friendlyimagemanynomadsproject.Furthermore,the__12__ofcommunitycanbedifficultforthoseconstantlyonthemove,leadingtofeelingsofisolationandalackof__13__supportsystems.Despitethesedrawbacks,the__14__seemsirreversible.Technologycontinuestoshrinktheworld,makingcross-bordercollaborationeasierthanever.AsGenerationZenterstheworkforce,theyprioritizeflexibilityandwork-lifebalance__15__jobsecurity.Thetraditionalofficemodelisbeingredefined,andthefutureofworkwilllikelybeahybrid__16__thatallowsforgreaterautonomy.To__17__thisnewreality,urbanplannersandpolicymakersmustthinkcreatively.Infrastructureneedstobeupgradedtosupporthigh-speedinternetaccessinpublicspaces,andcoworkingspacesmustbecomemore__18__.Additionally,taxlawsneedtobe__19__toaccommodateaworkforcethatearnsincomeinonecountrywhilelivinginanother.Ultimately,thedigitalnomadmovementrepresentsafundamental__20__inhowweperceivetherelationshipbetweenwork,geography,andlifestyle.1.[A]abandoned[B]embraced[C]modified[D]criticized2.[A]onset[B]decline[C]prevention[D]analysis3.[A]reject[B]ignore[C]implement[D]study4.[A]sufficient[B]necessary[C]beneficial[D]harmful5.[A]temporary[B]minor[C]subtle[D]profound6.[A]restrict[B]introduce[C]oppose[D]abolish7.[A]permission[B]funding[C]warning[D]denial8.[A]distribute[B]measure[C]secure[D]waste9.[A]However[B]Therefore[C]Furthermore[D]Similarly10.[A]taking[B]driving[C]forcing[D]pricing11.[A]impact[B]protection[C]awareness[D]mystery12.[A]search[B]formation[C]sense[D]loss13.[A]social[B]financial[C]academic[D]technical14.[A]trend[B]policy[C]criticism[D]recession15.[A]over[B]with[C]besides[D]from16.[A]approach[B]system[C]contract[D]product17.[A]deny[B]create[C]navigate[D]predict18.[A]exclusive[B]expensive[C]accessible[D]crowded19.[A]enforced[B]simplified[C]complicated[D]clarified20.[A]error[B]risk[C]threat[D]shiftSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateregardingitsimpactonthecreativeindustries.Fordecades,creativitywasconsideredtheexclusivedomainofhumanbeings—atraitrootedinemotion,consciousness,andlivedexperience.However,withAItoolslikeMidjourneyandChatGPTproducinghigh-qualityartworkandsophisticatedtext,thisassumptionisbeingchallenged.AIisnolongerjustacalculator;itisacreator,oratleast,afacilitatorofcreation.ProponentsofAIarguethatthesetoolsdemocratizecreativity.Inthepast,producingavisuallystunningfilmorwritingacomplexsymphonyrequiredyearsoftrainingandsignificantfinancialresources.Today,AIlowersthebarriertoentry.AnindividualwithaconceptcanuseAItogenerateastoryboard,draftascript,orcomposebackgroundmusicinamatterofminutes.Thisefficiencyallowscreatorstoiteratefaster,focusingonhigh-levelconceptualizationratherthantediousexecution.Itactsasapowerfulassistant,handlingthe"gruntwork"whilehumansprovidethevision.However,criticsraisevalidconcernsaboutoriginalityandcopyright.AImodelsaretrainedonvastdatasetsofexistinghumanwork,effectively"learning"tomimicstyles.Thisleadstoquestionsaboutauthorship:ifanAIgeneratesanimageinthestyleofaspecificlivingartist,isthattheft?Moreover,thereisthefearofhomogenization.IfeveryoneusesthesamepowerfulAImodels,culturaloutputmightbecomeblandandrepetitive,lackingthejaggededgesanduniqueflawsthatdefinehumanart.Theeconomicimplicationsareequallysignificant.WhileAIcreatesnewrolesfor"promptengineers,"itthreatenstodisplaceentry-leveljobsingraphicdesign,copywriting,andtranslation.Theindustryfacesatransitionperiodwherethevalueoftechnicalskilldecreases,andthevalueofcurationandconceptualthinkingincreases.Ultimately,theintegrationofAIintocreativefieldsisnotabinaryofgoodversusevil,butacomplexevolutionthatrequiresnewlegalframeworksandaredefinitionofwhatitmeanstobecreative.21.ThepassagesuggeststhatAIchallengesthetraditionalviewthatcreativityis______.[A]alearnableskill[B]dependentontechnology[C]uniquelyhuman[D]purelyemotional22.Accordingtoproponents,AIdemocratizescreativityby______.[A]replacinghumanartistsentirely[B]loweringthebarrierstoproduction[C]increasingthecostofhigh-endart[D]restrictingaccesstotrainingdata23.CriticsareconcernedthatAImightleadto______.[A]alackoftechnicalskillinhumans[B]thecompletestopofculturalproduction[C]repetitiveanduniformculturaloutput[D]fasteriterationofideas24.TheeconomicimpactofAImentionedinthetextincludes______.[A]thecreationofmoreentry-leveljobs[B]theincreasedvalueoftechnicalskills[C]thedisplacementofsomejuniorroles[D]thestabilizationofthefreelancemarket25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsAIincreativeindustriesisbestdescribedas______.[A]optimistic[B]pessimistic[C]objective[D]skepticalText2Inrecentyears,the"fastfashion"industryhascomeunderscrutinyforitsenvironmentalfootprint.Characterizedbyrapidproductioncycles,cheapmaterials,anddisposabletrends,fastfashionallowsconsumerstopurchasenewclothingweeklyatincrediblylowprices.Whilethismodelhasdemocratizedstyle,thehiddencostsarestaggering.Thefashionindustryisresponsibleforasignificantportionofglobalwastewaterandcarbonemissions,largelydrivenbythe"take-make-waste"modeloffastfashion.Theenvironmentaldamagebeginsattheproductionstage.Conventionalcottonfarming,forexample,isoneofthemostpesticide-intensivecropsintheworld.Furthermore,thesyntheticfibersusedinmanycheapgarments,suchaspolyester,areessentiallyplastics.Whentheseclothesarewashed,theyshedmicroplasticsthateventuallyfindtheirwayintooceansandthefoodchain.Thedyeingprocessoftenreleasestoxicchemicalsintolocalwaterways,affectingthehealthofnearbycommunities.Consumerbehaviorplaysacrucialroleinperpetuatingthiscycle.Thepsychologicalphenomenonknownasthe"DiderotEffect"describeshowobtaininganewpossessionoftenleadstoaspiralofconsumption,resultinginthediscardingofperfectlyusableolderitems.Socialmediaexacerbatesthisbycreatingapressuretowearoutfitsonlyoncebeforepostingthemonline,creatingacultureofperceivedobsolescence.Inresponse,acounter-movementknownas"slowfashion"isgainingtraction.Thisphilosophyprioritizesqualityoverquantity,advocatingforbuyingfewer,better-madeitemsthatlastlonger.Italsoemphasizestransparencyandethicallaborpractices.Somebrandsareadoptingcirculareconomymodels,offeringrepairservicesorrecyclingprogramstokeepgarmentsoutoflandfills.Whileslowfashionitemsareoftenmoreexpensiveupfront,proponentsarguethatthecostperwearislower,andtheenvironmentalcostissignificantlyreduced.Ultimately,shiftingawayfromfastfashionrequiresasystemicchangeinvolvingnotjustconsumerchoices,butcorporateresponsibilityandregulatoryintervention.26.The"take-make-waste"modelrefersto______.[A]therecyclingofplasticmaterials[B]theproductioncycleofslowfashion[C]theresource-intensivenatureoffastfashion[D]theconsumptionhabitsofwealthyconsumers27.Accordingtothetext,whichmaterialposesathreattomarinelife?[A]Organiccotton[B]Polyester[C]Wool[D]Silk28.The"DiderotEffect"isusedtoillustrate______.[A]theinfluenceofsocialmediaonstyle[B]thepsychologicaldriveforcontinuousconsumption[C]theeconomicbenefitsofbuyingnewclothes[D]theenvironmentalimpactofwashingclothes29.SlowfashionadvocatesforallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.[A]buyingfeweritems[B]prioritizingethicallabor[C]rapidtrendturnover[D]focusingondurability30.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?[A]Fastfashioniseconomicallybeneficialbutenvironmentallydestructive.[B]Consumersaresolelyresponsiblefortheenvironmentalcrisisinfashion.[C]Thefashionindustryistransitioningfromfasttoslowmodelsduetoregulations.[D]Theenvironmentalandsocialcostsoffastfashionaredrivingapushforsustainability.Text3Urbanheatislands(UHI)representagrowingchallengeforcityplannersworldwide.Anurbanheatislandoccurswhenacityexperiencessignificantlywarmertemperaturesthansurroundingruralareas.Thistemperaturedisparityisprimarilycausedbyhumanactivities.Thematerialsusedinurbanconstruction—suchasasphalt,concrete,andbrick—absorbandretainsolarradiationthroughouttheday,releasingitslowlyatnight.Unlikevegetation,whichprovidescoolingthroughevapotranspiration,theseimpervioussurfacestrapheat.TheconsequencesofUHIaremultifaceted.Duringheatwaves,theamplifiedheatincitiescanleadtoserioushealthcrises,increasingtheratesofheatstrokeandrespiratoryissues,particularlyamongvulnerablepopulationsliketheelderly.Thedemandforairconditioningspikesduringtheseperiods,creatingafeedbackloop:asmorepeopleuseACtocooldown,theenergyconsumptionrises,releasingwasteheatintotheenvironmentandfurthercontributingtoglobalwarming.Moreover,UHIaffectslocalweatherpatterns.Therisingwarmairovercitiescanalterwindpatternsandpotentiallyinfluenceprecipitation,sometimescreating"rainshadows"whererainisdivertedaroundthecity,leadingtowatershortages.Thisphenomenonalsodegradesairquality,asheatacceleratesthechemicalreactionsthatproducesmogandground-levelozone.Mitigationstrategiesarediverseandrequireacombinationofgreeninfrastructureandinnovativeengineering.Oneeffectivesolutionistheimplementationof"coolroofs"—roofsdesignedtoreflectmoresunlightandabsorblessheatthanstandardroofs.Greenroofs,whicharecoveredinvegetation,provideinsulationandreducestormwaterrunoff.Expandingurbantreecanopiesisanothercriticalmeasure;treesprovideshadeandreleasemoisture.CitieslikeSingaporeandMelbournehavealreadyintegratedextensiveverticalgardensandparkconnectorstocombatthisissue.Byreimaginingtheurbanlandscapeasaspongeandashadeprovider,citiescanbecomemoreresilienttothechangingclimate.31.Theprimarycauseoftheurbanheatislandeffectis______.[A]lackofairconditioning[B]globalwarmingtrends[C]heat-absorbingbuildingmaterials[D]highlevelsofprecipitation32.Thetextmentionsa"feedbackloop"involvingairconditioningbecause______.[A]ACunitsreleaseheat,worseningtheexternaltemperature[B]ACunitsaretooexpensivefortheelderly[C]ACunitsrequirewaterthatcoolstheair[D]ACunitsarepoweredbyrenewableenergy33.HowdoesUHIaffectairquality?[A]Itimprovesventilationinthecity.[B]Itreducestheamountofsmog.[C]Itacceleratestheformationofozone.[D]Itincreasestheoxygenlevels.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasamitigationstrategy?[A]Coolroofs[B]Greenroofs[C]Expandingtreecanopies[D]Banningprivatevehicles35.Theauthor’stoneinthepassageisprimarily______.[A]alarming[B]informative[C]argumentative[D]sarcasticText4Theconceptofa"universalbasicincome"(UBI)hastransitionedfromafringeacademicideatoasubjectofseriousmainstreampoliticaldebate.UBIproposesaguaranteed,unconditionalsumofgiventoallcitizens,regardlessoftheiremploymentstatusorwealth.ThecoreargumentforUBIisrootedinthebeliefthatitprovidesafloorofeconomicsecurity,allowingindividualstopursueeducation,careforfamilymembers,ortakeentrepreneurialriskswithouttheimmediatethreatofdestitution.Advocatesarguethatinaneraofautomationandgigeconomywork,thetraditionalsocialsafetynets,oftentiedtospecificemploymentconditions,arebecomingobsolete.AsrobotsandAIpotentiallydisplacelargesectorsoftheworkforce,UBIcouldserveasabufferagainstmassunemployment.Pilotprogramsinvariouscountrieshaveyieldedpromisingresults.InFinland,atwo-yeartrialshowedthatrecipientsreportedlowerstresslevelsandgreaterconfidenceintheirfuturecomparedtoacontrolgroup.Furthermore,proponentssuggestthatUBIcouldstreamlinebureaucracy,eliminatingthecomplexandoftenstigmatizingprocessofapplyingforspecificwelfarebenefits.However,opponentsraisesignificanteconomicandmoralobjections.Themostobvioushurdleiscost.Providingameaningfulincometoeveryadultwouldrequireamassivefiscalexpansion,necessitatinghighertaxesordeepcutstootherpublicservices.CriticsalsoarguethatUBIcoulddisincentivizework,fosteringacultureofdependency.Ifpeoplereceivemoneyfordoingnothing,thereasoninggoes,productivitymightdecline,andtheeconomycouldsuffer.Thereisalsotheconcernthataflatpaymentmightbeinsufficientforthosewithspecialneeds(likethedisabled)whilebeingwastefulforthosewhodonotneedit.ThedebatearoundUBIisultimatelyadebateaboutvalues.Itquestionstheroleofworkindefininghumanworthandtheresponsibilityofthestatetoensurecitizenwell-being.Whilesomeviewitasautopiandreamthatignoreseconomicrealities,othersseeitasaninevitableevolutionofthesocialcontractinthefaceoftechnologicaldisruption.WhetherornotUBIisimplementeduniversally,theconversationithassparkedaboutthefutureofworkandwelfareisundeniablyvital.36.WhatisthemainpurposeofUBIaccordingtoadvocates?[A]Topunishthewealthy[B]Toprovideabaselineofeconomicsecurity[C]Toreplaceallformsofeducation[D]Toforcepeopletostartbusinesses37.TheFinlandpilotprogramindicatedthatUBIledto______.[A]increasedunemployment[B]higherproductivityinfactories[C]reducedstressamongrecipients[D]asurgeinnewbusinessstartups38.CriticsofUBIarguethatitmight______.[A]simplifygovernmentbureaucracy[B]reducetheneedfortaxes[C]discouragepeoplefromworking[D]helpthedisabledmorethanothers39.TheauthorsuggeststhattheUBIdebateisfundamentallyabout______.[A]mathematicalcalculations[B]socialvaluesandtheroleofthestate[C]technologicalcapabilities[D]internationalrelations40.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestructureofthetext?[A]Ahistoricalanalysisfollowedbyaconclusion.[B]Aproblemfollowedbyasinglesolution.[C]Adefinition,argumentsforandagainst,andareflectiononthedebate'ssignificance.[D]Apersonalnarrativeaboutlivingonabasicincome.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubtitlefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]TheRoleofGutHealth[B]TheImpactofChronicStress[C]TheImportanceofHydration[D]ExerciseasaMoodBooster[E]ThePowerofQualitySleep[F]BalancingMacronutrients[G]SocialConnectionandMentalHealth41.Oftenoverlooked,sleepisthefoundationuponwhichmentalandphysicalhealthisbuilt.Duringdeepsleepphases,thebrainclearsouttoxinsthataccumulateduringwakinghours,aprocessrecentlydiscoveredbyneuroscientists.Chroniclackofsleepislinkedtoahostofissues,includingimpairedcognitivefunction,moodswings,andaweakenedimmunesystem.Prioritizingseventoninehoursofuninterruptedrestisnotaluxury;itisabiologicalnecessitythatregulateshormonesandrepairscellulardamage.42.Whiledietisoftendiscussedinthecontextofweightloss,itsimpactonmentalclarityisprofound.Thebrainisanenergy-intensiveorgan,consumingroughly20%ofthebody'scaloricintake.Asteadysupplyofcomplexcarbohydrates,healthyfats,andproteinsensuresstableglucoselevels,preventingthementalfogandirritabilityassociatedwithbloodsugarcrashes.Avoidingprocessedsugarsiskey,astheycanleadtoinflammationthathasbeenlinkedtodepressionandanxiety.43.Thehumanbodyisapproximately60%water,andevenmilddehydrationcancausephysiologicalchangesthataffectthebrain.Studieshaveshownthatfluidlossofjust1-2%canimpairconcentration,increaseheadachefrequency,andelevateanxietylevels.Waterisessentialfordeliveringnutrientstothebrainandremovingwasteproducts.Replacingsugarydrinkswithplainwaterisoneofthesimplestyetmosteffectivewaystoimproveoverallcognitiveperformance.44.Physicalactivityisnotjustaboutbuildingmuscle;itisapotentstimulatorofbrainhealth.Whenweexercise,thebodyreleasesendorphins,dopamine,andserotonin—neurotransmittersoftenreferredtoas"happyhormones."Thesechemicalsactasnaturalpainandstressfighters.Regularmovementalsopromotesneuroplasticity,thebrain'sabilitytoformnewconnections,whichiscrucialformemoryandlearningasweage.45.Emergingresearchsuggestsastrongconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain,oftencalledthe"gut-brainaxis."Thegastrointestinaltractislinedwithmillionsofneuronsthatcommunicatewiththebrain.Ahealthygutmicrobiome—facilitatedbyadietrichinfiber,fermentedfoods,andprobiotics—canproduceneurotransmitterslikeserotonin.Conversely,animbalanceingutbacteriahasbeenlinkedtovariousmentalhealthdisorders,highlightingtheneedtotreatdigestionasakeycomponentofmentalwellness.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Therapidpaceofurbanizationhastransformedthewaywelive,bringingbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Whilecitiesactasenginesofeconomicgrowthandcentersofinnovation,theyalsofacepressingissuessuchastrafficcongestion,pollution,andsocialinequality.Sustainableurbandevelopmentisnolongerjustabuzzwordbutanecessity.Itrequiresaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalprotection,economicviability,andsocialequity.Byinvestinginpublictransportation,greenspaces,andenergy-efficientbuildings,citiescanreducetheircarbonfootprintandimprovethequalityoflifefortheirinhabitants.Furthermore,theconceptofthe"smartcity"leveragestechnologytooptimizeurbanoperations,fromwastemanagementtotrafficflow,makingurbanareasmorelivableandresilient.However,technologyaloneisnotapanacea;itmustbeguidedbyhuman-centricprinciplestoensurethatthecityofthefutureserveseveryone,notjusttheprivilegedfew.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:SupposeyouareLiMing,amemberoftheuniversitystudentunion.YouarewritinganemailtoProfessorSmith,avisitingscholarfromabroad.(1)Invitehimtodeliveralectureon"Cross-CulturalCommunication";(2)AskabouthisavailabilityfornextFridayafternoon;(3)Mentionthatthelecturewillbeheldintheauditoriumandstudentsareveryinterested.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyourwriting,youshould(1)interpretthechart,and(2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ChartDescription:ThechartisalinegraphshowingthechangesinthemarketshareofNewEnergyVehicles(NEVs)inaspecificcountryfrom2018to2023.In2018,themarketsharewas5%.In2019,itroseto8%.In2020,itjumpedto12%.In2021,itreached18%.In2022,itclimbedto28%.In2023,itsoaredto40%.Thetitleofthechartis"GrowthofNewEnergyVehicleMarketShare(2018-2023)".TheX-axisrepresentstheyears.TheY-axisrepresentsthemarketsharepercentage.AnswerKeyandExplanationsSectionIUseofEnglish1.[A]abandoned解析：语境意为数字游民放弃了朝九晚五的办公室常规生活。Abandon意为“放弃，抛弃”，符合语境。Embrace意为“拥抱”，与后文infavorof（而不是）矛盾；modify意为“修改”；criticize意为“批评”。2.[A]onset解析：此处指COVID-19疫情的“爆发”。Onset指（坏事）的开始、发作。Decline意为“衰退”；prevention意为“预防”；analysis意为“分析”。3.[C]implement解析：公司被迫“实施”远程办公政策。Implement意为“实施，执行”。Reject意为“拒绝”；ignore意为“忽略”；study意为“研究”。4.[B]necessary解析：语境为“发现物理接近对于生产力并不总是必要的”。Necessary意为“必要的”。Sufficient意为“充分的”；beneficial意为“有益的”；harmful意为“有害的”。5.[D]profound解析：这一认识导致了全球劳动力市场的“深刻”转变。Profound意为“深刻的，深远的”。Temporary意为“暂时的”；minor意为“次要的”；subtle意为“微妙的”。6.[B]introduce解析：各国开始“推出”特定的签证计划。Introduce意为“引进，推出”。Restrict意为“限制”；oppose意为“反对”；abolish意为“废除”。7.[A]permission解析：提供停留的“许可”。Permission意为“许可，准许”。Funding意为“资金”；warning意为“警告”；denial意为“否认”。8.[C]secure解析：旨在通过吸引高收入者来“确保”长期的经济利益。Secure意为“获得，确保”。Distribute意为“分配”；measure意为“测量”；waste意为“浪费”。9.[A]However解析：前文讲好处，此处讲挑战，表示转折，用However。Therefore表示因果；Furthermore表示递进；Similarly表示相似。10.[D]pricing解析：语境为“把当地居民挤出可负担的社区”，priceoutof是固定搭配，意为“因价格过高而被迫离开”。Driveout也可以，但priceout更精准对应housingprices。Taking...out通常指拿出；forcing...out语气过重且搭配不如pricingout地道。11.[A]impact解析：环境“影响”。Impact意为“影响”。Protection意为“保护”；awareness意为“意识”；mystery意为“谜”。12.[C]sense解析：社区的“感觉”很难建立。Senseofcommunity是固定搭配，意为“社区归属感/社区感”。Search意为“寻找”；formation意为“形成”；loss意为“失去”。13.[A]social解析：缺乏社会支持系统。Social意为“社会的”。Financial意为“经济的”；academic意为“学术的”；technical意为“技术的”。14.[A]trend解析：这一趋势似乎是不可逆转的。Trend意为“趋势”。Policy意为“政策”；criticism意为“批评”；recession意为“衰退”。15.[A]over解析：优先考虑灵活性和工作与生活的平衡，而不是工作保障。PrioritizeAoverB意为“优先考虑A而不是B”。16.[A]approach解析：未来的工作将是一种混合的“方法”或模式。Approach意为“方法，方式”。System意为“系统”；contract意为“合同”；product意为“产品”。17.[C]navigate解析：为了应对/驾驭这一新现实。Navigate意为“驾驭，应对（困难局面）”。Deny意为“否认”；create意为“创造”；predict意为“预测”。18.[C]accessible解析：联合办公空间必须更加易于进入/可获得。Accessible意为“可进入的，可使用的”。Exclusive意为“排他的”；expensive意为“昂贵的”；crowded意为“拥挤的”。19.[D]clarified解析：税法需要被“厘清”以适应...。Clarified意为“澄清，阐明”。Enforced意为“执行”；simplified意为“简化”；complicated意为“使复杂”。20.[D]shift解析：代表了一种根本性的“转变”。Shift意为“转变”。Error意为“错误”；risk意为“风险”；threat意为“威胁”。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText121.[C]uniquelyhuman解析：文章第一段提到“创造力被认为是人类独有的领域”，但AI正在挑战这一假设，故选C。22.[B]loweringthebarrierstoproduction解析：第二段提到“AI降低了准入门槛”，让个人也能制作高质量内容，故选B。23.[C]repetitiveanduniformculturaloutput解析：第三段提到“同质化”和“文化输出可能变得平淡和重复”，故选C。24.[C]thedisplacementofsomejuniorroles解析：第四段提到“威胁要取代平面设计、文案写作和翻译方面的入门级工作”，故选C。25.[C]objective解析：作者既提到了AI的好处（民主化、效率），也提到了弊端（版权、同质化、就业），态度是客观的，故选C。Text226.[C]theresource-intensivenatureoffastfashion解析：第一段提到“取-造-弃”模式是快时尚的特点，导致了大量浪费和污染，反映了其资源密集型性质，故选C。27.[B]Polyester解析：第二段提到聚酯纤维会脱落微塑料进入海洋，威胁海洋生物，故选B。28.[B]thepsychologicaldriveforcontinuousconsumption解析：第三段解释“狄德罗效应”描述了获得新物品如何导致消费螺旋，即持续消费的心理驱动，故选B。29.[C]rapidtrendturnover解析：第四段提到“慢时尚”主张质量胜过数量，反对快时尚的快速更替，所以C不是慢时尚提倡的，故选C。30.[D]Theenvironmentalandsocialcostsoffastfashionaredrivingapushforsustainability.解析：文章主要讲了快时尚的代价以及随之而来的可持续性推动（慢时尚），故选D。Text331.[C]heat-absorbingbuildingmaterials解析：第一段明确指出主要原因建筑材料（沥青、混凝土等）吸收并保留太阳辐射，故选C。32.[A]ACunitsreleaseheat,worseningtheexternaltemperature解析：第二段提到空调使用增加导致能源消耗上升，向环境释放废热，形成反馈回路，故选A。33.[C]Itacceleratestheformationofozone.解析：第三段提到“热加速了产生烟雾和地面臭氧的化学反应”，故选C。34.[D]Banningprivatevehicles解析：文章提到了冷屋顶、绿色屋顶、扩大树冠，唯独没有提到禁止私家车，故选D。35.[B]informative解析：作者客观地介绍了城市热岛效应的成因、后果及解决方案，语调主要是信息性的，故选B。Text436.[B]Toprovideabaselineofeconomicsecurity解析：第一段提到UBI的核心论点是提供经济安全底线，故选B。37.[C]reducedstressamongrecipients解析：第二段提到芬兰的试验显示受助者压力水平更低，故选C。38.[C]discouragepeoplefromworking解析：第三段提到批评者认为UBI可能“抑制工作积极性”，故选C。39.[B]socialvaluesandtheroleofthestate解析：最后一段提到UBI辩论归根结底是关于价值观的辩论，质疑工作定义和国家的责任，故选B。40.[C]Adefinition,argumentsforandagainst,andareflectiononthedebate'ssignificance.解析：文章结构为定义UBI，列出支持论点，列出反对论点，最后总结辩论的意义，故选C。PartB41.[E]ThePowerofQualitySleep解析：本段主要讲睡眠的重要性，清除毒素，修复细胞，故选E。42.[F]Balancing