2026届新高考英语考前冲刺最后一课语法填空词性转换规律

2026届新高考英语考前冲刺最后一课语法填空词性转换规律（综合初高中所有单词）

高考英语语法填空的词性转换核心是5大类高频变形（动词↔名词、形容词↔副词、名词↔形容词、动词→形容词(-ed/-ing)、反义前缀），掌握词缀规律+教材单词+真题即可满分。

以下按类别整理人教版初中+外研版高中单词（全带中文）、近3年高考真题（2023-2025）。一、动词→名词（最常考：-ment/-tion/-ance/-ence）规律+ment：表“行为/结果”+tion/sion：表“动作/状态”+ance/ence：表“性质/状态”不规则：choose–choice,die–death,succeed–success,solve–solution一、动词→名词（-ment后缀）规律：-ment：表行为、过程、结果规则：动词直接+ment（少数去e）【人教版初中单词】developv.发展→developmentn.发展agreev.同意→agreementn.同意improvev.改善→improvementn.改善movev.移动→movementn.移动；运动treatv.对待；治疗→treatmentn.对待；治疗arguev.争论→argumentn.争论（去e+ment）enjoyv.享受→enjoymentn.享受；乐趣announcev.宣布→announcementn.公告punishv.惩罚→punishmentn.惩罚achievev.实现→achievementn.成就【外研版高中单词】advertisev.做广告→advertisementn.广告amusev.逗乐→amusementn.娱乐equipv.装备→equipmentn.设备managev.管理→managementn.管理encouragev.鼓励→encouragementn.鼓励judgev.判断→judgementn.判断statev.陈述→statementn.陈述establishv.建立→establishmentn.建立appointv.任命→appointmentn.约会；任命settlev.解决；定居→settlementn.解决；定居点近3年高考真题（-ment）(2022新高考I)Good______(manage)oftimeiskeytosuccess.(2023全国乙)The______(develop)ofonlineshoppingisfast.(2024新高考II)Weneedfurther______(improve)intheplan.(2025全国II)The______(move)oftheaudiencewasamazing.答案：management,development,improvement,movement二、动词→名词（-tion后缀）规律-tion：表动作、过程、结果规则：以t/te结尾→去e+tion以d/de结尾→变d为s+tion【人教版初中单词】inventv.发明→inventionn.发明invitev.邀请→invitationn.邀请pollutev.污染→pollutionn.污染describev.描述→descriptionn.描述educatev.教育→educationn.教育directv.指导→directionn.方向collectv.收集→collectionn.收集connectv.连接→connectionn.连接protectv.保护→protectionn.保护suggestv.建议→suggestionn.建议【外研版高中单词】introducev.介绍→introductionn.介绍operatev.操作→operationn.操作；手术organizev.组织→organizationn.组织predictv.预测→predictionn.预测impressv.使印象深刻→impressionn.印象selectv.挑选→selectionn.挑选reflectv.反映→reflectionn.反映attractv.吸引→attractionn.吸引directv.指导→directionn.方向constructv.建造→constructionn.建造近3年高考真题（-tion）(2023全国II)The______(describe)ofthepandaisvivid.(2024全国甲)The______(introduce)ofnewtechnologychangedlife.(2025新高考I)The______(invent)oftheInternetisimportant.(2022全国乙)Weneedthe______(protect)ofculturalrelics.答案：description,introduction,invention,protection三、动词→名词（-sion后缀）规律-sion：表动作、状态、结果（常与-tion互换）规则：以de/se/mit结尾→变de→sion/se→sion/mit→mission【人教版初中单词】decidev.决定→decisionn.决定dividev.分开→divisionn.分开；部门extendv.延伸→extensionn.延伸concludev.总结→conclusionn.结论persuadev.说服→persuasionn.说服【外研版高中单词】admitv.承认→admissionn.承认；入场费permitv.允许→permissionn.允许expressv.表达→expressionn.表达possessv.拥有→possessionn.拥有；财产confusev.使困惑→confusionn.困惑discussv.讨论→discussionn.讨论expandv.扩大→expansionn.扩大revisev.修订→revisionn.修订tensev.使紧张→tensionn.紧张invadev.侵略→invasionn.侵略近3年高考真题（-sion）(2023新高考I)Haveyoumadea______(decide)yet?(2024浙江)The______(admit)totheuniversityisdifficult.(2025全国乙)Weneedfurther______(discuss)ontheproblem.(2022新高考II)His______(express)surprisedus.答案：decision,admission,discussion,expression四、动词→名词（-ance后缀）规律-ance：表性质、状态、过程规则：动词+ance（常对应形容词-ant）【人教版初中单词】appearv.出现→appearancen.出现；外貌performv.表演→performancen.表演acceptv.接受→acceptancen.接受assistv.帮助→assistancen.帮助insistv.坚持→insistencen.坚持【外研版高中单词】resistv.抵抗→resistancen.抵抗guidev.指导→guidancen.指导ignorev.忽视→ignorancen.无知disturbv.打扰→disturbancen.打扰relyv.依靠→reliancen.依靠attendv.出席→attendancen.出席endurev.忍受→endurancen.忍耐力vibratev.震动→vibrationn.震动radiatev.辐射→radiancen.辐射；光辉dominatev.支配→dominancen.支配近3年高考真题（-ance）(2025全国II)Thankstothe______(absent)ofsmog.(2024新高考I)His______(appear)madeussurprised.(2023全国甲)Weneedyour______(assist)inthework.(2022全国I)The______(perform)ofthebandwasgreat.答案：absence,appearance,assistance,performance五、动词→名词（-ence后缀）规律-ence：表性质、状态、结果（与-ance同类）规则：动词+ence（常对应形容词-ent）【人教版初中单词】differv.不同→differencen.差异existv.存在→existencen.存在preferv.更喜欢→preferencen.偏爱referv.参考→referencen.参考dependv.依靠→dependencen.依靠【外研版高中单词】occurv.发生→occurrencen.发生persistv.坚持→persistencen.坚持competev.竞争→competitionn.竞争convenev.召集→conveniencen.方便correspondv.符合→correspondencen.符合；通信interferev.干涉→interferencen.干涉influencev.影响→influencen.影响silencev.使安静→silencen.沉默confidencev.使自信→confidencen.自信patiencev.使耐心→patiencen.耐心近3年高考真题（-ence）(2023新高考II)The______(different)betweenthemisclear.(2024全国乙)Weneedyour______(confident)intheteam.(2025新高考II)The______(exist)oflifeonMarsisunknown.(2022全国III)His______(patient)movedus.答案：difference,confidence,existence,patience六、动词→名词（不规则变化）规律无固定后缀，词形变化特殊，必须强记【人教版初中单词】choosev.选择→choicen.选择diev.死亡→deathn.死亡succeedv.成功→successn.成功knowv.知道→knowledgen.知识speakv.说话→speechn.演讲healv.治愈→healthn.健康sellv.卖→salen.销售tellv.告诉→talen.故事seev.看见→sightn.视力；景象thinkv.思考→thoughtn.想法【外研版高中单词】losev.丢失→lossn.损失provev.证明→proofn.证明behavev.表现→behaviorn.行为receivev.收到→receiptn.收据relievev.减轻→reliefn.减轻solvev.解决→solutionn.解决办法defendv.防御→defencen.防御offendv.冒犯→offencen.冒犯growv.生长→growthn.生长drawv.画→draftn.草稿近3年高考真题（不规则）(2024新高考II)Hemadeawise______(choose).(2023全国I)The______(succeed)oftheprojectsurprisedus.(2025全国甲)The______(die)oftheheromadeussad.(2022全国乙)Weneedapractical______(solve)totheproblem.答案：choice,success,death,solution七、形容词→副词（-ly常规）规律-ly：形容词直接+ly→表方式、程度辅音+y→变y为i+ly【人教版初中单词】carefuladj.小心的→carefullyadv.小心地quickadj.快的→quicklyadv.快地slowadj.慢的→slowlyadv.慢地realadj.真的→reallyadv.真正地clearadj.清晰的→clearlyadv.清晰地safeadj.安全的→safelyadv.安全地quietadj.安静的→quietlyadv.安静地happyadj.开心的→happilyadv.开心地（y→i+ly）easyadj.容易的→easilyadv.容易地（y→i+ly）heavyadj.重的→heavilyadv.沉重地（y→i+ly）【外研版高中单词】actualadj.实际的→actuallyadv.实际上especialadj.特别的→especiallyadv.尤其recentadj.最近的→recentlyadv.最近generaladj.一般的→generallyadv.一般地exactadj.精确的→exactlyadv.精确地immediateadj.立刻的→immediatelyadv.立刻completeadj.完全的→completelyadv.完全地fluentadj.流利的→fluentlyadv.流利地basicadj.基本的→basicallyadv.基本地simpleadj.简单的→simplyadv.简单地近3年高考真题（-ly）(2025新高考I)Thepictureswere______(digital)generated.(2024全国甲)ShespeaksEnglish______(fluent).(2023全国乙)He______(actual)didn’tknowthetruth.(2022新高考I)We______(complete)forgotthetime.答案：digitally,fluently,actually,completely八、名词→形容词（-ful/-less）规律-ful：充满…的-less：无…的、不…的（反义）【人教版初中单词】caren.小心→carefuladj.小心的；carelessadj.粗心的helpn.帮助→helpfuladj.有帮助的；helplessadj.无助的usen.使用→usefuladj.有用的；uselessadj.无用的hopen.希望→hopefuladj.有希望的；hopelessadj.无望的homen.家→homelessadj.无家可归的meaningn.意思→meaningfuladj.有意义的painn.痛苦→painfuladj.痛苦的peacen.和平→peacefuladj.和平的powern.力量→powerfuladj.强大的colorn.颜色→colorfuladj.多彩的【外研版高中单词】doubtn.怀疑→doubtfuladj.怀疑的fearn.恐惧→fearfuladj.害怕的harmn.伤害→harmfuladj.有害的joyn.快乐→joyfuladj.快乐的successn.成功→successfuladj.成功的wondern.奇迹→wonderfuladj.精彩的respectn.尊重→respectfuladj.恭敬的stressn.压力→stressfuladj.有压力的thankn.感谢→thankfuladj.感激的worthn.价值→worthlessadj.无价值的近3年高考真题（-ful/-less）(2022全国甲)Readingis______(help)forourstudy.(2023浙江)Hefelt______(hope)aboutthefuture.(2024全国II)Thebookis______(use)tostudents.(2025全国I)Theoldmanfelt______(help)inthestorm.答案：helpful,hopeless,useful,helpless九、名词→形容词（-al/-ial）规律-al/-ial：与…相关的、…性质的【人教版初中单词】naturen.自然→naturaladj.自然的nationn.国家→nationaladj.国家的centern.中心→centraladj.中心的culturen.文化→culturaladj.文化的musicn.音乐→musicaladj.音乐的【外研版高中单词】historyn.历史→historicaladj.历史的sciencen.科学→scientificadj.科学的educationn.教育→educationaladj.教育的environmentn.环境→environmentaladj.环境的professionn.职业→professionaladj.专业的traditionn.传统→traditionaladj.传统的originn.起源→originaladj.原始的personn.人→personaladj.个人的formn.形式→formaladj.正式的globen.地球→globaladj.全球的logicn.逻辑→logicaladj.逻辑的magicn.魔法→magicaladj.神奇的digitn.数字→digitaladj.数字的financen.金融→financialadj.金融的emotionn.情感→emotionaladj.情感的近3年高考真题（-al）(2025全国II)______(center)heatingdoesn’texist.(2024新高考I)It’sa______(culture)difference.(2023全国乙)Weneed______(science)methods.(2022全国I)It’sa______(tradition)festival.答案：central,cultural,scientific,traditional十、动词→形容词（-ed/-ing）规律-ed：人感到…的（修饰人）-ing：令人…的（修饰物/事）【人教版初中单词】excitev.使兴奋→excited/excitingadj.surprisev.使惊讶→surprised/surprisingadj.interestv.使感兴趣→interested/interestingadj.relaxv.使放松→relaxed/relaxingadj.borev.使厌烦→bored/boringadj.tirev.使疲劳→tired/tiringadj.frightenv.使害怕→frightened/frighteningadj.movev.使感动→moved/movingadj.pleasev.使高兴→pleased/pleasingadj.amazev.使惊奇→amazed/amazingadj.【外研版高中单词】embarrassv.使尴尬→embarrassed/embarrassingadj.disappointv.使失望→disappointed/disappointingadj.satisfyv.使满意→satisfied/satisfyingadj.shockv.使震惊→shocked/shockingadj.puzzlev.使困惑→puzzled/puzzlingadj.encouragev.鼓舞→encouragingadj.鼓舞人心的fascinatev.使着迷→fascinated/fascinatingadj.inspirev.激励→inspired/inspiringadj.convincev.使信服→convinced/convincingadj.terrifyv.使恐惧→terrified/terrifyingadj.近3年高考真题（-ed/-ing）(2022新高考II)Iwas______(amaze)atthenews.(2023新高考I)Thestoryis______(encourage).(2024全国乙)Wefelt______(relax)aftertheexam.(2025全国甲)Themovieis______(interest).答案：amazed,encouraging,relaxed,interesting万能判断口诀冠词/形容词后→用名词名词前→用形容词动词前/句首→用副词修饰人→用-ed；修饰物→用-ingthe+形容词→表一类人/抽象名词不规则：choose–choice,die–death,succeed–success,solve–solution词性转换专项作业（共20题，贴合高考）请写出括号内单词的正确形式，答案统一附在最后。1.The________(develop)ofthecityisamazing.2.Hemad