2027届新高考英语热点精准复习：非谓语动词

2027届新高考英语热点精准复习非谓语动词一、课堂导入二、非谓语动词总述定义三种基本形式及时态语态句法功能总览三、动词不定式todo作主语作表语作宾语（含疑问词+不定式）作后置定语作状语（目的、结果、原因）作宾语补足语（含省略to与被动还原）四、动名词doing作主语作表语作宾语（含介词后doing）作前置定语（表用途）动名词复合结构五、分词doing/done核心区别（主动/进行vs被动/完成）2.作定语（前置/后置，对比辨析）3.作表语（修饰事物vs修饰人）4.作宾语补足语5.作状语（高考高频，含逻辑主语一致原则）六、高频易混考点辨析接todo/doing含义不同的动词2.固定考点（只用todo、只用doing等）七、非谓语动词高考真题精选八、课堂专项练习题九、课堂小结目录一、课堂导入

一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词，有时态、人称、单复数变化。句中多余的动词，不能再作谓语，必须变成非谓语动词。非谓语三种形式：todo/doing/done核心解题三步：判成分→定主被动→看时间先后二、非谓语动词总述1.定义非谓语动词：失去谓语动词功能，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补，仍保留动词特点（可带宾语、状语），有人称数不受限，有时态、语态变化。2.三种基本形式及时态语态不定式：todo动名词：doing分词：现在分词doing/过去分词done形式主动被动一般式todo/doingtobedone/beingdone完成式tohavedone/havingdonetohavebeendone/havingbeendone三、动词不定式todo一）作主语表具体、一次性、将来动作；常用It作形式主语Eg:Tomasteraforeignlanguagewellrequiresconstantpracticeandlong-termpersistence.Itisofgreatimportanceforseniorhighstudentstodevelopagoodlearninghabit.Itisfoolishofyoutogiveupsuchapreciousopportunitywithoutcarefulconsideration.二）作表语说明主语内容、目标、计划Eg:Ourmaintaskatpresentistomakefullpreparationsforthecomingcollegeentranceexamination.Herlifelongwishistodevoteherselftoeducationandhelpmorechildreninpoorareas.三）作宾语后接todo常用动词：want/hope/decide/plan/promise/refuse/afford/pretend/agree/manage/offerEg:Shehasdecidedtotakepartinthevoluntaryactivityorganizedbyourschool.Weallhopetoliveinaworldfullofpeace,kindnessandmutualrespect.疑问词+不定式Eg:Ireallydon’tknowhowtobalancemystudyanddailyrestproperly.Whentoholdthesportsmeetinghasn’tbeenannouncedyet.四）作后置定语修饰名词，表将要做；序数词/最高级/theonly后必用todoEg:Ihaveagreatmanydifficultacademicproblemstosolvebeforetheendofthisterm.Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheclassroomeveryevening.Ineedaquietplacetofocusonmyreadingandthinking.五）作状语1.目的状语InordertoimprovehisoralEnglish,hekeepsreadingEnglishpassageseverymorning.2.结果状语onlytodoWerushedtothelecturehallonlytofindthatthespeechhadalreadycometoanend.3.原因状语Wearedelightedtohearthatourschoolhaswonthenationalcompetition.六）作宾语补足语1.必带to：ask/tell/allow/encourage/advise/want/expectTeachersalwaysencourageustofacedifficultiesbravelyandnevergiveupeasily.2.感官/使役动词省略to：see/watch/hear/notice/make/let/have3.主动省to，被动必须还原toIsawhimenterthelibraryjustnow.Hewasseentoenterthelibraryjustnow.四、动名词doing一）作主语表抽象、习惯、泛指动作Eg:Gettingupearlyandtakingregularexerciseisbeneficialtoteenagers’physicalandmentalhealth.Itisnouseregrettingwhatyouhavedoneinthepast.二）作表语说明职业、爱好、活动内容Eg:Hishobbyiscollectingvariousstampsandancientcoinsinhissparetime.Herdailyworkistakinggoodcareoftheelderlyinthecommunity.三）作宾语1.后只接doing动词：enjoy/finish/mind/avoid/practice/suggest/keep/consider/missEg:Youshouldavoidmakingthesamecarelessmistakesinyourdailyexercises.Shesuggestedorganizingaclasstriptothecountrysidenextweekend.2.介词后一律用doingbegoodat/beinterestedin/lookforwardto/payattentiontoEg:Wearelookingforwardtoparticipatinginthecomingartfestival.Heinsistsonstudyinghardnomatterwhatdifficultieshemeets.四）作前置定语表用途areadingroom阅览室aswimmingpool游泳池awritingdesk写字桌五）动名词复合结构物主代词/名词所有格+doingEg:Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindowtoletsomefreshairin?Tom’sbeinglateagainmadetheheadteacherverydisappointed.五、分词doing/done核心区别doing：主动、进行done：被动、完成一）作定语单个分词前置，分词短语后置Eg:Thegirlstandingunderthebigtreeisoneofthemostexcellentstudentsinourgrade.Thebookwrittenbythefamouswriterhasattractedmillionsofreadersathomeandabroad.对比辨析：fallingleaf正在飘落的叶子fallenleaf已经落地的落叶boilingwater沸腾的水boiledwater开水二）作表语doing修饰事物：令人……done修饰人：感到……Eg:Thenewsthatourteamwonthechampionshipisreallyinspiring.Weareallinspiredbyhisperseveranceandstrongwill.三）作宾语补足语Eg:Inoticedhimwanderingupanddownthecorridoranxiously.IfoundthewindowbrokenwhenIcamebacktotheclassroom.四）作状语分词逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致Eg:Hearingtheencouragingspeech,allthestudentsfeltgreatlymotivated.（主动、原因）Borninasmallvillage,heknowsthelifeoflocalfarmersverywell.（被动、原因）Givenmoretimeandsupport,wecouldcompletetheprojectmuchbetter.（条件）易错病句：❌Seeingfromthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.✅Seenfromthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.六、高频易混考点辨析1.接todo/doing含义不同remembertodo记得要做rememberdoing记得做过forgettodo忘记要做forgetdoing忘记做过regrettodo遗憾告知regretdoing后悔做过stoptodo停下一件事去做另一件stopdoing停止正在做的事trytodo努力尽力trydoing试着尝试meantodo打算meandoing意味着2.必须只用that定语从句、只能用todo、只用doing固定考点七、非谓语动词高考真题精选(2024新高考I)Theseflowersopeninthedaytime________(allow)insectstocomeandcollecthoney.(2024全国甲卷)Manypeopletend________(choose)onlineshoppingforitsconvenience.(2023新高考I)Youneedtolearn________(control)yourfeelingswhenfacingpressure.(2023全国乙卷)________(admire)bymanyvisitors,theancienttownbecomesmoreandmorepopular.(2022新高考I)________(cover)alargearea,thenationalparkattractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.(2022全国甲卷)Hetookapart-timejob________(improve)hissocialexperience.(2021新高考II)Thewindkept________(blow)stronglythroughoutthewholenight.(2020全国I卷)________(work)hard,youwillfinallyachieveyourdreaminthefuture.toa