2026高考英语全真模拟终极押题卷（全国一卷）解析版

试卷第=page2121页，共=sectionpages2626页试卷第=page22页，共=sectionpages1919页绝密★启用前2026高考英语全真模拟终极押题卷（四）（全国一卷）解析版（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。语法填空：A篇：考古发现中国古代盐业悠久历史B篇：伦敦世乒赛中国男女双冠收官第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1．Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobuy?A．Acake. B．Anumbrella. C．Someflowers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.Isthereaflowershopnearby?W:Yes,doyouseethebakeryoverthere?Nexttoit,you’llseearedumbrella.That’swheretheflowershopis.2．WhenwillTomandAnnegetmarried?A．InJune. B．InJuly. C．InAugust.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:AreTomandAnnegettingmarriedinJune?M:No.TheyhaverescheduledtheirweddingforlateJuly.Afterthewedding,they’llgoontheirhoneymoon.3．WhydoesthemanprefershoppingatBrown’s?A．It’smuchbigger. B．It’snewlyopened. C．It’slesscrowded.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whichsupermarketdoyouusuallygoto?M:IalwaysshopatBrown’s.W:Anewsupermarkethasopenedinthisarea.It’smuchbigger.M:Iknow.Butit’salwayspackedwithpeople.4．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Fellowworkers. C．Salesmanandcustomer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Jack,Mrs.Palmerwantsusinheroffice.M:Rightnow?Forwhat?W:Shewantsustomeetthenewsalesmanager.5．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Negotiatingadeal. B．Discussingareport. C．Planningacampaign.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketosummarizewhatitiswe’relookingfor.W:Good.M:Basically,wewanttheprintingcosttocomedownby15%.W:Well,it’sreallyhardforustooffersuchapricecut.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6．WhatdoesMikedecidetodointhenewyear?A．Adoptahealthylifestyle. B．Openanotherfitnessclub. C．Helpthewomanworkout.7．Whatdoesthestatisticshow?A．Competitionamonggymsisheatingup.B．Membershipfeesforgymshaveincreased.C．Somegym-goers’enthusiasmisshort-lived.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:HappyNewYear,Mike!M:HappyNewYear.W:Haveyoumadeanyresolutions?M:I’dliketoeatlessandexercisemorethisyear.Threehamburgersadayisprobablynotagoodidea.W:Yeah,manypeoplehopetobehealthierinthenewyear.Youalwaysseealotofpeoplestartjoininggyms.Iheardsomekindofstatisticthatgymsarealways50%morecrowdedinthemonthofJanuary.AndthenusuallybyFebruary,it’sbacktonormal.M:It’ssotrue.It’salwaysdifficulttokeepuptheworkoutroutine.听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。8．WhatdoesthemaninviteFennytodoinLondon?A．Watchashow. B．Gosightseeing. C．Visitaschool.9．WherewillFennymeetKatie?A．Atanartmuseum. B．Ataclothescompany. C．Atanexhibitioncentre.10．WhatdoesthemanthinkofKatie?A．She’sambitious. B．She’sopen-minded. C．She’senergetic.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Fenny,ifyou’reupinLondontomorrow,I’vegottwoticketsfortheAmericanBalletTheatre!Wouldyouliketocome?W:Thanks,butI’llbebusytomorrow.M:Noproblem.Maybeanothertime.Doyouhaveplans?W:Yes,I’llmeetKatieattheOlympiaExhibitionCentre.Rememberher?Wewenttothesameartschool.Someofherdesignsaregoingtobeexhibitedthere.Sheishopingoneofthebigclothescompaniesmightbuythem.M:Settinghersightshigh,isn’tshe?W:Yeah,sheisaiminghigh.Butshehaswhatittakestogetthere.听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。11．Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutregardingsmartphoneuse?A．Datasecurity. B．Phoneaddiction. C．Environmentalrisks.12．Whydoesthemanalwayskeephisphoneon?A．Hehatesmissingcalls. B．Hereliesonthealarm. C．Heneedsthelatestnews.13．Whatdoesthewomandotoherphoneeverynight?A．Turnitoffforawhile. B．Updatetheapplications. C．Deleteunnecessaryfiles.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:Peopleareincreasinglyconcernedaboutonlinesecurity.Andmanyexpertsarenowofferingadviceonhowtousesmartphonessafely.M:Whatadvice?W:Letmeaskyoufirst:Howlonghaveyoukeptyourphoneonsofar?M:Foroverayearnow.It’snotthatI’maddictedtoit,orhaveimportantcalls,butIneedthealarmtowakemeupeverymorning.W:Yeah,butthat’swheretheriskis.Accordingtoexperts,weshouldswitchourphonesoffandononceadayasasecuritymeasure.Ithelpsclosetheapplicationsrunninginthebackgroundandstopdatacollectionprocesseswe’renotawareof.M:Soundsreasonable.Doweswitchthephoneoffandswitchitbackonimmediately?W:Well,betterwaitforafewminutes.M:Whendoyouusuallydothat?W:Idoiteverynightbeforegoingtobed.听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。14．WhatdoesProfessorMooreexpectthestudentstodoinclass?A．Keepsilentandlistencarefully.B．Takeanactivepartindiscussions.C．Makeasmanynotesaspossible.15．Whichcarriesthemostweightinthefinalgrade?A．Themidtermtest. B．Thefinalexam. C．Theresearchpaper.16．WhatwillProfessorMooredonext?A．Talkaboutthetextbook. B．Gothroughareadinglist. C．Assignsomehomework.【答案】14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:WelcometoHistoryoftheEnglishLanguage.Sincetheclassisquitesmall,Iplantorunthiscourseasadiscussion.Ihopeeveryonewillbefullyengagedandvolunteertoshareyourknowledgeandopinions.Iwon’ttakeattendance,butsincepartofyourgradedependsonparticipation,Iencourageyoutocometoclass.M:ProfessorMoore?W:Yes?M:Couldyoutellusmoreabouttheassessmentofthecourse?W:Certainly.Inadditiontoyourparticipationinclass,whichaccountsfor10%,therewillbeamidtermtest,20%;afinalexam,30%;andaresearchpaper,40%.Anyquestions?M:Dowehaveanyreadingassignments?W:Yes,Ibelieveyou’veallgotyourtextbook.Youhavetofinishreadingassignedchaptersbeforeeachclass.Apartfromthat,there’salistofbooksthatyou’rerequiredtoread.Nowlet’shaveacloselookatit.听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。17．Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A．Topresentaguest. B．Tosellabook. C．Toshareastory.18．WhatdidMelvilledoinSanFrancisco?A．Hejoinedajazzband. B．Hestartedamagazine. C．Hetaughtatacollege.19．WhendidMelvillereturntoLondon?A．In1987. B．In1992. C．In1997.20．WhatisMelville’sbookaimedat?A．Recommendingacontemporarymusician.B．Promotingthestudyofblackdancemusic.C．Drawingpublicattentiontomusiceducation.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】

W:Hello,everybody.Thanksforyourconsistentsupportforourweeklymeeting,NewBooksSharing.Today,we’veinvitedDr.CasparMelville,alecturerfromtheUniversityofLondon.Dr.MelvillestartedoutasamusicjournalistforablackmusicmagazinecalledBluesandSoul.In1992,hemovedtoSanFrancisco,andfoundedajazzmagazinenamedOntheOnewithsomefriends.Theydidareallygoodjob,thoughtherewasnotalotofmoneyinit.In1997,hemovedbacktoLondonandstartedteaching,andmadethedecisiontofindanotherwaytowriteaboutmusic.HegrewupinLondon.HefeelsthatthemusicinLondonclubshasformedhim,butunfortunately,ithasbeenseriouslyundervaluedbytheacademicworld.Inblackmusicstudies,jazzhasreceivedgreatattention,butdancemusichasbeenlargelyignored.Hisbook,It’saLondonThing,ismeanttochangethatsituation.Solet’swelcomeDr.Melvilletosharewithushisideasinthebook.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGreenBuildings:ASolutionforCitiesCitiesconsumeenergyandproduceavastamountofemissions(排放)andwaste,puttingaburdenonbothhumansandecology.Butourbuildingsthemselvesmayholdasolution.High-densityurbanareas-especiallythosebuiltusinggreenmethodsindesignandconstruction—canbemoreenergy-efficientandpolluteless.Newresearchisrevealingthatgreenbuildingscanactuallybegoodforourhealthtoo.TheBuildingBlocksofCitiesWhatMakesaGreenBuilding?Thoughstandardsforgreenbuildingsvary,they’regenerallydesignedtouselessenergyandwaterandimproveindoorairquality.ThemostwidelyusedcertificationisLEED,withkeyfeatureslikesolarpanels,greenroofsandeco-friendlymaterials.HealthBenefitsofGreenBuildingsEffortsfocusonoutdoorair,eventhoughpeoplespendmostoftheirtimeindoors,whereairqualityandotheraspectscanimpactbothphysicalhealthandmentalfunctioning.Thankfully,greenbuildingsaredesignedtoaddresstheseindoorenvironmentalchallengeseffectively.NoiseReductionProductivityisimprovedinofficesusingmaterialstoreducenoise.EnhancedProductivityInonestudy,brainfunctiondoubledwithenhancedventilation(通风).Betterairqualityalsoleadstofaster,clearerdecision-makingatwork.MaximizeNaturalLightWorkerswhositnearwindowsgetmorelightandsleepanextra46minutesatnight.FewerairPollutantsGreenbuildingscanreduceillnesscausedbyairqualityissues,helpingtoreducerelatedIllnesses.21．Whatistheaimofgreenbuildingsincities?A．Tolowerconstructioncosts B．TomakecitiessustainableC．Tosaveeco-friendlymaterials D．Tomodernizebuildings22．Bywhatpercentagewilltheurbanpopulationincreasefromtodayto2050?A．15% B．30% C．34% D．55%23．Whichofthefollowingisabenefitofgreenbuildings?A．Enhancedartificiallight B．MonitoredsleeppatternsC．Reducedairflow D．Sharpenedthinkingskills.【答案】21．B22．A23．D【导语】主要介绍绿色建筑的定义标准，阐述其在节能减耗、降噪采光、提升健康与工作效率等方面的多重优势。21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Citiesconsumeenergyandproduceavastamountofemissions(排放)andwaste,puttingaburdenonbothhumansandecology.Butourbuildingsthemselvesmayholdasolution.High-densityurbanareas-especiallythosebuiltusinggreenmethodsindesignandconstruction-canbemoreenergy-efficientandpolluteless.(城市消耗能源，同时产生大量排放物与废弃物，给人类和生态环境都带来了负担。但建筑本身或许就蕴藏着解决办法。高密度城区，尤其是那些在设计和建造阶段采用绿色理念打造的区域，能够更加节能，且污染更少。)”可知，绿色建筑旨在节约能源、减少污染，帮助城市实现可持续发展。22．细节理解题。根据图片中的文字“Nearly70%oftheworld’spopulationwillliveincitiesby2050,upfrom55%today.(到2050年，近70%的世界人口将居住在城市，高于如今的55%。)”可得，70%—55%=15%，即城市人口比例将增长15%。23．细节理解题。根据“HealthBenefitsofGreenBuildings”部分中的“Betterairqualityalsoleadstofaster,clearerdecision-makingatwork.(更好的空气质量也能让人在工作中做出更快、更清晰的决策。)”可知，绿色建筑带来的良好空气质量，能让人在工作中做出更迅速，清晰的决策，即绿色建筑对思维能力的提升有好处。BChrisSteedmanmajoredinlawandpoliticsatuniversity.Today,however,hespendshisworkinghoursbendingoverapianowithatuningwrench,aspecialtoolforadjustingthestrings.“I’mnotaconcertpianist,”hesays,“butI’vetrainedmyearstohearwhatmostpeoplesimplywalkpast.”ChrisrunsLegacyPianoServices,tuningandrestoringpianos.Hehasbeendoingthisfornearlyadecadeaftercompletingathree-yearpianotuningcourse.Whatfirstdrewhiminwasasimplegift—hismothersignedhimupforpianolessonsoneChristmas.Thejobdemandsasurprisingsetofskills.“You’reworkingwithstringsthatvibrate(震动)hundredsoftimespersecond,”Chrisexplains.“Turnthetuningpin(指针)toofarandthenotegoesflatorsharp.Youhavetofeelit,notjusthearit.”Herarelyuseselectronicapps,preferringhistrainedear,thoughhekeepsatuningforkforreference.“Onahotday,theforkrunssharp.Onacoldday,itdrops.Youalwayshavetoaccountfortheroom.”Temperatureisaconstantfactor.Beforeaconcert,apianomustbetunedtomatchthetemperatureduringtheperformance.“Oncetheaudiencecomesin,bodyheatwarmsthehall,”Chrissays.“Woodexpands.Ifyoutunetooearly,thepianogoesoutoftune.”Ofcourse,noteverythinggoessmoothly.Chrishasencounteredpianosunplayedforthirtyyears,withbrokenstringsandotherproblems.“That’swheremyrealpassionis—bringingnewlifetopianosleftunattended,”hesays.“Seeingthejoyonsomeone’sfacewhentheyheartheirgrandmother’soldpianosingagain—that’swhyIdothis.”24．WhatisnecessaryforChris’swork?A．Laweducation. B．Pianotalent.C．Sharphearing. D．Electronicapps.25．Whatiscrucialwhentuningforaconcert?A．Employingadvanceddigitaldevices.B．Usingtuningtoolsunavailabletoothers.C．Workinginaconsistentlycoolenvironment.D．Adjustingfortheheatgeneratedbylisteners.26．WhatbringsChris’sgreatestprofessionalsatisfaction?A．Gainingchancestoperforminconcerts.B．Cooperatingwithcelebratedmusicians.C．Instructingothersinpianomaintenance.D．Restoringforgotteninstrumentstosound.27．WhichwordsbestdescribeChris’sattitudetohisjob?A．Carefulanddevoted. B．Responsibleandmodest.C．Seriousandcurious. D．Confidentanddisciplined.【答案】24．C25．D26．D27．A【导语】主要讲述克里斯放弃法律政治专业，从事钢琴调音与修复工作，介绍职业要求、工作讲究以及他对这份职业的热爱与坚守。24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’mnotaconcertpianist,”hesays,“butI’vetrainedmyearstohearwhatmostpeoplesimplywalkpast.(我不是音乐会钢琴家，但我训练自己的耳朵，能听出大多数人忽略的声音。)”可知，敏锐的听力是克里斯工作所必需的。25．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Oncetheaudiencecomesin,bodyheatwarmsthehall,”Chrissays.“Woodexpands.Ifyoutunetooearly,thepianogoesoutoftune.(一旦观众入场，体热会温暖大厅，木材会膨胀，如果调音太早，钢琴就会走调。)”可知，为音乐会调音的关键是要根据听众产生的热量做出相应调整。26．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“That’swheremyrealpassionis—bringingnewlifetopianosleftunattended,”hesays.“Seeingthejoyonsomeone’sfacewhentheyheartheirgrandmother’soldpianosingagain—that’swhyIdothis.(这是我真正的热情所在——给无人照料的钢琴赋予新生，看到人们听见祖辈旧钢琴重新奏响时脸上流露的喜悦，这就是我从事这份工作的原因。)”可知，让被遗忘、无人照料的钢琴重新发声，看到人们因此流露的喜悦，是克里斯获得最大职业满足感的来源。27．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“You’reworkingwithstringsthatvibrate(震动)hundredsoftimespersecond,”Chrisexplains.“Turnthetuningpin(指针)toofarandthenotegoesflatorsharp.Youhavetofeelit,notjusthearit.”Herarelyuseselectronicapps,preferringhistrainedear,thoughhekeepsatuningforkforreference.“Onahotday,theforkrunssharp.Onacoldday,itdrops.Youalwayshavetoaccountfortheroom.(克里斯解释说：“你要和每秒震动数百次的琴弦打交道。把调音指针转得太远，音就会偏低或偏高。你必须去感受它，而不仅仅是听它。”他很少使用电子应用程序，更倾向于用自己受过训练的耳朵，不过他会保留一个音叉作为参考。“天热的时候，音叉的音会偏高。天冷的时候，音会偏低。你总是要考虑到房间的情况。”)”以及第五段中的““That’swheremyrealpassionis—bringingnewlifetopianosleftunattended,”hesays.(他说：“这才是我真正热爱的事——给那些被闲置冷落的钢琴赋予新生。”)”可知，克里斯工作时注重细节、严谨细致，同时对这份工作充满热情、全心投入，因此“细心且专注投入”最能描述他对工作的态度。CThe“eurekamoment”—thatsuddenbreakthroughinsight—iscelebratedasthepeakofinnovation.Yetthisstoryisincomplete:whiletheinitialideaprovidescrucialenergy,itguaranteesneithersuccessnorcontinuedforwarddrive.Mostinnovationsunfoldovertime.AncientGreekscientistArchimedesstillhadtodevelopthemathematicsandpracticaltoolsafterhisbath-timeinsight—aprocessdemandingpersistenceandtoughness.Initialinspirationalonecannotsustainlong-termprogress.Weneedmomentsthatrenewourbeliefanddrivealongtheway.Thisiswherethe“videmusmoment”provesvital.CoinedbySwedishauthorFredrikHarenfromtheLatin“wesee,”itdescribestheinstantsomeoneelsetrulygraspsyourideaandsays,“Oh,Isee!”Thatrecognitionmakesinnovatorsfeeltheyarenolongeralone.Researchshowsthatsupportivepeer(同伴)feedbackstrengthenscreativeself-beliefandsustainsideagenerationovertime,providingasecondwaveofconfidenceanddrive.Harenconsidersthevidemusmomentassignificantastheeurekamoment,creating“twopeaks”ofcreativeenergyratherthanjustone.Heillustratesthevidemusmomentwithagardeningmetaphorhecalls“idealing”—amixof“idea”and“seedling(幼苗)”.Whileanidea’spotentialisinitiallyvisibleonlytoitsplanter,likeaseedhiddeninsoil,themomentitemergesandothersseeit,itspossibilityexpandscollectively.Thisshiftfromprivatetosharedinsightiskeyforinnovation.Suchmoments,however,aren’tguaranteed.Toinvitethem,wemayneedtotakeintentionalaction.First,shareideaswiththerightpeople—thosewhounderstandthefieldandwhosefeedbackyoutrust.Second,treatconfusionasusefulfeedback;refineyourideaforclarity.Third,communicatesimply,allowingotherstoaskquestionsratherthanfloodingthemwithdetails.Cultivating(营造)anenvironmentwhereconstructivefeedbackiswelcomedcansignificantlyincreasethelikelihoodofexperiencingthesevalidatingexchanges.Whenseekingfeedback,watchoutforartificialvalidation.Truevidemusmomentsarisenotfromclosefriendsandfamily,butwhensomeoneunconnectedtrulyrecognizesyouridea’svalue.Thesemomentsofbeingtrulyseenoftenbecomelife’smostmeaningfulhighlights.28．WhatdoestheexampleofArchimedesserveas?A．Supportforanargument.B．Historicalcomparison.C．Challengetotradition.D．Theoreticalbackground.29．Whatisthekeyresultofa“videmusmoment”?A．Theideagetsprotected.B．Theinnovatorfeelsseenandmotivated.C．Arightpartnerisfound.D．Theworkgainspublicattention.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“validating”inparagraph5mean?A．Harmonious. B．Complex.C．Shallow. D．Appreciative.31．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparetwocreativestages.B．Todiscussaneedforrecognition.C．Topresentawaytokeepcreating.D．Toexplainhowtoseekfeedbacks.【答案】28．A29．B30．D31．C【导语】这篇文章主要探讨了创新过程中除了“顿悟时刻（eurekamoment）”之外，同样至关重要的“被认可时刻（videmusmoment）”，阐述了其对持续创新的意义以及如何创造这样的时刻。28．推理判断题。根据第二段“Mostinnovationsunfoldovertime.AncientGreekscientistArchimedesstillhadtodevelopthemathematicsandpracticaltoolsafterhisbath-timeinsight—aprocessdemandingpersistenceandtoughness.Initialinspirationalonecannotsustainlong-termprogress.Weneedmomentsthatrenewourbeliefanddrivealongtheway.(大多数创新都是随着时间的推移逐步形成的。古希腊科学家阿基米德在沐浴时获得的灵感之后，仍需要进一步发展数学理论和实用工具——这个过程需要坚持不懈和坚韧不拔的精神。仅靠最初的灵感无法支撑长期的发展。我们需要那些能不断激发我们信念和动力的时刻。)”可知，第二段开头提出核心论点：“大多数创新是随着时间逐步展开的，仅凭最初的灵感无法支撑长期进展”。由此可推知，阿基米德这个例子是对前文论点的支撑。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisiswherethe“videmusmoment”provesvital.CoinedbySwedishauthorFredrikHarenfromtheLatin“wesee,”itdescribestheinstantsomeoneelsetrulygraspsyourideaandsays,“Oh,Isee!”Thatrecognitionmakesinnovatorsfeeltheyarenolongeralone.Researchshowsthatsupportivepeer(同伴)feedbackstrengthenscreativeself-beliefandsustainsideagenerationovertime,providingasecondwaveofconfidenceanddrive.(这就是“被认可时刻”之所以至关重要的原因。由瑞典作家弗雷德里克·哈伦从拉丁语“我们看到”一词中创造而来，它描述的是当别人真正理解你的想法并说“哦，我明白了！”的那一刻。这种认可让创新者感到自己不再孤单。研究表明，支持性的同伴反馈能增强创造性的自我信念，并在长期内维持想法的产生，带来第二波的信心和动力。)”可知，“被认可时刻”其核心结果是创新者获得被理解的感觉和持续前进的动力。30．词句猜测题。根据划线短语句中“First,shareideaswiththerightpeople—thosewhounderstandthefieldandwhosefeedbackyoutrust.Second,treatconfusionasusefulfeedback;refineyourideaforclarity.Third,communicatesimply,allowingotherstoaskquestionsratherthanfloodingthemwithdetails.Cultivating(营造)anenvironmentwhereconstructivefeedbackiswelcomedcansignificantlyincreasethelikelihoodofexperiencingthesevalidatingexchanges.(第一，与合适的人分享想法——这些人懂该领域专业知识，且你信任他们给出的反馈。第二，把他人的质疑困惑当作有益的反馈，完善自己的想法，使其逻辑清晰、通俗易懂。第三，沟通力求简洁，留出空间让对方主动提问，而不是一股脑向对方堆砌繁杂细节。营造一个欢迎建设性反馈的环境，能显著提高进行这些validating的可能性。)”结合上下文内容可知，这里的“validatingexchanges”指的是前文所述的“他人真正认可你想法价值”的交流，即“认可性的、赞赏性的”交流，与D选项appreciative“欣赏的”含义最接近。31．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章首先指出“顿悟时刻”的局限性——无法保证成功和持续动力；接着引入“videmusmoment”这一概念，说明它是创新过程中不可或缺的“第二波能量”；随后进一步阐述如何主动创造这样的时刻，以维持创新的持续性。因此全文的核心目的是介绍一种保持持续创新的方法。DExpertbirdwatchershavechangesintheirbrainstructurecomparedwithbeginners,whichprobablyhelpthembetteridentifybirdsandmayevenprotectagainstage-relatedcognitive(认知的)decline.Whenlearningorpractisingaskill,thebrainreorganisesitself,strengtheningandstreamliningrelevantpathways.Thisability,knownasneuroplasticity(神经可塑性),formsthebasisofthedevelopmentofexpertise.Itiswhyprofessionalmusiciansshowstructuralchangesinbrainregionsinvolvedinhearing.Tounderstandwhetherbirdingalsoshapesthebrain,ErikWingatYorkUniversityinCanadaandhiscolleaguesanalyzedbrainstructureandfunctionin48hobbyistbirders,halfexpertsandhalfnovices(新手),asjudgedonascreeningtest.Participantswereaged22to79andbothgroupsweresimilarintermsofsex,ageandeducation.Duringbrainscans,theparticipantswereshownapictureofabirdforlessthan4seconds.About10secondslater,theytriedidentifyingthesamebirdinoneoffourimages,eachpresentingadifferentspecies.Thetaskwasrepeated72timesusing18birdspecies.Asexpected,expertbirdersperformedmuchbetter.Theycorrectlyidentified83percentoflocalbirdsand61percentofnon-localones,whilebeginnersidentifiedonly44percentofboth.Whenidentifyingnon-localbirds,expertbirdersshowedincreasedactivityinthreebrainregionsinvolvedinobjectrecognition,visualprocessing,attention,andmemory.Theseregionswerealsomorestructurallycomplexinexperts,suggestingthatbuildingexpertiseinbirdingreshapesthebrain.Aspeopleage,structuralcomplexityandorganizationofthebraintendtodecline.However,thisdeclinewaslessnoticeableinexpertbirdwatchers.Thissuggeststhatbirdingmayhelpbuildcognitivereserve—thebrain’sabilitytodefenditselffromagingandadapttodamage.“Itsuggeststhatmaintainingbrainactivitywithsomespecialisedabilitiesisalsolinkedtoreducedeffectsofaging,”saysRobertZatorreatMcGillUniversityinCanada.However,toreallyknowwhetherthebrainchangesareduetobirding,researcherswouldhavetoscanthebrainmultipletimesovermonthstoyears,saysWing.32．Whichaspectoftheresearchisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Themajorfinding. B．Thetheoreticalprinciple.C．Thepracticalexample. D．Thepotentialsignificance.33．Howdidresearchersconductthebirdidentificationtask?A．Bygivingparticipantsunlimitedtimetorespond.B．Byrequiringparticipantstomemorizebirdnames.C．Byshowingparticipantsthesamebirdimagerepeatedly.D．Byaskingparticipantstorecognizethebirdshownbefore.34．WhatdidErikWing’sstudyfind?A．Birdingmayhelpresistbrainaging. B．Noviceshavesimplerbrainactivities.C．Birdingcuresage-relatedcognitivedecline. D．Expertshavemorebraincellsthannovices.35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoBecomeAnExpertBirdwatcherB．WhyExpertsIdentifyBirdsMoreAccuratelyC．Neuroplasticity:TheKeytoLearningNewSkillsD．Birdwatching:AHobbyThatRewiresYourBrain【答案】32．B33．D34．A35．D【导语】主要探讨了与新手相比，专业观鸟者的大脑结构存在变化，这些变化可能有助于他们更好地识别鸟类，甚至可能抵御与年龄相关的认知衰退。32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whenlearningorpractisingaskill,thebrainreorganisesitself,strengtheningandstreamliningrelevantpathways.Thisability,knownasneuroplasticity(神经可塑性),formsthebasisofthedevelopmentofexpertise.Itiswhyprofessionalmusiciansshowstructuralchangesinbrainregionsinvolvedinhearing.(当学习或练习一项技能时，大脑会自我重组，强化和简化相关的神经通路。这种能力，即神经可塑性，是专业技能发展的基础。这就是为什么专业音乐家在涉及听觉的大脑区域会出现结构变化)”可知，该段主要介绍了研究背后的理论原理，即神经可塑性是专业技能发展的基础。33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Duringbrainscans,theparticipantswereshownapictureofabirdforlessthan4seconds.About10secondslater,theytriedidentifyingthesamebirdinoneoffourimages,eachpresentingadifferentspecies.Thetaskwasrepeated72timesusing18birdspecies.(在脑部扫描过程中，向参与者展示一张鸟的图片，时间不到4秒。大约10秒后，他们尝试在四张图片中识别出之前展示的同一只鸟，每张图片展示的是不同的物种。这个任务使用18种鸟类重复了72次。）可知，研究人员通过让参与者识别之前展示过的鸟来进行鸟类识别任务。34．细节理解题。根据第六段“Aspeopleage,structuralcomplexityandorganizationofthebraintendtodecline.However,thisdeclinewaslessnoticeableinexpertbirdwatchers.Thissuggeststhatbirdingmayhelpbuildcognitivereserve—thebrain’sabilitytodefenditselffromagingandadapttodamage.(随着人们年龄的增长，大脑的结构复杂性和组织性往往会下降。然而，这种下降在专业观鸟者中不太明显。这表明观鸟可能有助于建立认知储备——大脑抵御衰老和适应损伤的能力)”可知，ErikWing的研究发现观鸟可能有助于抵御大脑衰老。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Expertbirdwatchershavechangesintheirbrainstructurecomparedwithbeginners,whichprobablyhelpthembetteridentifybirdsandmayevenprotectagainstage-relatedcognitive(认知的)decline.(资深观鸟爱好者的大脑结构和新手相比存在差异，这或许能帮助他们更好地辨识鸟类，甚至还有可能预防与年龄相关的认知衰退)”可知，文章围绕观鸟对大脑的影响展开，介绍了专业观鸟者大脑结构变化以及观鸟可能重塑大脑并抵御衰老，所以D选项“Birdwatching:AHobbyThatRewiresYourBrain(观鸟：一种重塑你大脑的爱好)”最能概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youcanseedronessendmedicines,carryoutagriculturalpractices,oraidduringdisasters.36Vehicleslikedronesinjustafewyearshavegonefrombeinganattractivepromisetoasocial,economicandindustrialreality.Andthistypeofusehasalsobeenenvironmentallyimportant.Followingtheideaofsomeinvestigatorswhoproposedusingdronestopreservetropicalforeststhestart-upBiocarbonEngineeringhasintendedtousethesevehiclestocarryoutreforestation.37Inordertoreplantandrehabilitate(修复)theaffectedareas,thecompanyplanstousedroneswithwhichtheywillrepopulateabilliontreesatatime.38Butit’snecessaryinregionswhereforestsneedtoberestoredfollowingdisasterssuchasfires.Thecompanybelievesthatdronesmakethesejobseasier,smoother,andcheaper.Inparticular,itproposesthatautomatedtechnologywillimprovemappingandespeciallytheplantingofnewtrees.Withregardstoplanting,BiocarbonEngineeringhasoptedforintroducingplatformswithalgorithmswhichenableamoreprecisereforestation.Theuseofthesevehiclesdoesn’tmeanthatthey’lltakeoverhumanjobs,asLaurenFletcher,CEOofthecompanyandexNASAengineer,explained.39Recently,thecompanywasrecognizedasoneofthe14winningstart-upsattheSolutionsSummitinNewYork,forhavingtakenituponthemselvestosolveoneofthe70globalissuessetoutbytheUnitedNations.40Theyhelpsupporttheworkcarriedouttoimproveandlookafterourplanet.A．ThesearesomeofthesurprisingusesfordronesB．Deforestationcan’tthreatenecologicalbalancelargelyC．HeaddedthatdroneshavemorefunctionsthanweimaginedD．ItsdronesaretakingonasignificantenvironmentalchallengeE．ReforestationtasksareusuallycomplexandextremelyexpensiveF．Asnotedonitswebsite,26billiontreesaredestroyedonEarthyearlyG．Itjustmeansthesejobscanbeconductedmoreeffectivelywiththesetools【答案】36．A37．F38．E39．G40．D【导语】文章介绍了无人机的多种应用，阐述了初创公司BioCarbonEngineering借助无人机开展植树造林工作以应对森林砍伐问题，同时说明无人机不会取代人工，还能提升工作效率，该公司也因相关举措获得了联合国相关评选的认可。36．根据上文“Youcanseedronessendmedicines,carryoutagriculturalpractices,oraidduringdisasters.(你可以看到无人机能够运送药品、进行农业作业，或者在灾难发生时提供援助)”以及后文“Vehicleslikedronesinjustafewyearshavegonefromb