山东省青岛市高三下学期一模英语试题

2025年高三年级第一次适应性检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.WhatisMarydoing?A.Reschedulingaparty.B.Extendinganinvitation.C.Confirminganappointment.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.AChinesedynasty.B.Anancientemperor.C.Theoriginofafestival.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutlearningtoplaytheguitar?A.It’sabithard.B.It’sveryeasy.C.It’sratherboring.4.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Goshoppingonhisown.B.Organizeabirthdayparty.C.BuySaraaChristmasgift.5.Howoftendoesthewomanplantotakeexercise?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.CThreetimesaweek.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhichplacedidEmily’sfamilygotolastyear?A.Colorado.B.Florida.C.Atlanta.7.WhatistherelationshipbetweenRobertandEmily?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fellowtravelers.C.Friends.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoesthemanrefusetotalkaboutthemovie?A.Thedirector.B.Theplot.C.Theleadingrole.9.Whenwillthespeakersmeettonight?A.At6:30pm.B,At7:00pm.C.At7:30pm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethewoman’soldshoeslike?A.Theyareabitwornout.B.Theyareafamousbrand.C.Theystilllookquitenew.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelightbrownshoes?A.Theydon’tfitwell.B.They’reoutofstyle.C.They’retooexpensive.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheshoes?A.$180.B.$270.C.$360.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inastudio.C.Intheopenair.14.WhydoesMr.Geffroystayatthecampus?A.Toenjoysightseeing.B.Toteachacourse.C.Tocarryoutresearch.15.WhatisMr.Geffroypleasedwith?A.Beingclosetonature.B.Improvedphysicalfitness.C.Makingprogressinhisproject.16.WhatdoesMr.Geffroytalkaboutintheend?AHisimpressionofTokyo.B.Benefitsofbeingintheforest.C.Inconvenienceofbeingfarfromcities.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howdidthespeakerfeelatfirst?A.Annoyed.B.Surprised.C.Relieved.18.Whendidthespeakerprobablyloseherwallet?A.Whenshewaswithdrawingmoney.B.Whenshewaspayingthetaxidriver.C.Whenshewashavingdinner.19.Whatwouldthespeakerhurrytodo?A.Returnhome.B.Gotothebank.C.Seeadoctor.20.Howdidthemanagerhelpthespeaker?A.Helentsomemoneytoher.B.Hesentthebilltoherafterwards.C.Hereportedthecasetothepolice.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinusatthe2025ACA(AmericanCampAssociation)NationalConferenceinDallasforfourdaysoflearningandprofessionaldevelopmentfromFebruary18to21.Itisawonderfulopportunitytopromotenewconnectionswithfellowcampprofessionalsthroughsocialandissuesbasednetworking.ConferenceLocationHiltonAnatolehotelintheheartofDallaswasselectedastheconferencelocationforagoodreason.Itisclosetoallthecityhastoofferincludingbeautifularchitecture,historiclandmarks,andexcitingentertainmentcenters.Whenyou’rereadytoexplore,HiltonAnatoleisjustminutes’walkfromthesefantasticspots.ItisalsoashortdrivetoDallas/Ft.WorthInternationalAirportandDallasLoveFieldAirport.HotelReservationsACA’scontracteddiscountedrateswillbeavailableuptothreedaysbeforeandafterourconferencedates,onafirste,firstservedbasisthroughJanuary22,2025.ConferenceRatesforStandardRooms:•Single/Double:$279•Triple:$299•Quadruple:$319YouwillreceivefreebasicwirelessguestroomInternetandaccesstoVerandahHealthClubattheACA’scontractedroomrate,withoutaddingtheoptionalResortPackage.Thereservationsitemayofferoptionalupgradesatadditionalcostbasedonavailability.Ifmakingareservationviaphone,besuretomentionthatyouwillparticipateintheACAconferencetoaccessthecorrectroomrate.1.WhatmakesHiltonAnatolethechosensitefortheconference?A.Convenientlocation. B.Greatpopularity.C.Advancedfacilities. D.Fascinatingscenery.2What’sthedeadlineofbookingroomsatacontracteddiscountedprice?A.February18. B.February21. C.January22. D.January19.3.WhatdoestheACA’scontractedroomrateinclude?A.Fullcoveragenetwork. B.VIPmembership.C.Freeroomupgrades. D.Accesstoafitnessclub.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年美国营地协会（ACA）在达拉斯举行的全国会议的相关信息，包括会议时间、地点、酒店预订、房价等细节。旨在吸引相关行业的专业人士参加此次会议，并提供了关于会议地点的便利设施和周边环境的描述，以及酒店预订的具体信息和优惠价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章ConferenceLocation部分中的“HiltonAnatolehotelintheheartofDallaswasselectedastheconferencelocationforagoodreason.Itisclosetoallthecityhastoofferincludingbeautifularchitecture,historiclandmarks,andexcitingentertainmentcenters.Whenyou’rereadytoexplore,HiltonAnatoleisjustminutes’walkfromthesefantasticspots.ItisalsoashortdrivetoDallas/Ft.WorthInternationalAirportandDallasLoveFieldAirport(位于达拉斯市中心的阿纳托尔希尔顿酒店被选为会议地点是有充分理由的。这里靠近城市的各种景点，包括美丽的建筑、历史地标和令人兴奋的娱乐中心。当您准备去探索时，从阿纳托尔希尔顿酒店出发，只需步行几分钟就能到达这些美妙的地方。从酒店驱车前往达拉斯/沃思堡国际机场和达拉斯爱田机场也只需很短的时间。)”可知，阿纳托尔希尔顿酒店被选为会议地点的原因是它位于达拉斯市中心，靠近城市的各种景点，步行几分钟就能到达，而且距离两个机场驱车也只需很短时间。也就是说，阿纳托尔希尔顿酒店被选为会议地点是因为其便利的地理位置。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章HotelReservations部分中的“ACA’scontracteddiscountedrateswillbeavailableuptothreedaysbeforeandafterourconferencedates,onafirste,firstservedbasisthroughJanuary22,2025.(在会议日期的前后三天内，均可享受美国露营协会的协议优惠房价，先到先得，预订截止至2025年1月22日。)”可知，以协议优惠价预订房间的截止日期是2025年1月22日。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“YouwillreceivefreebasicwirelessguestroomInternetandaccesstoVerandahHealthClubattheACA’scontractedroomrate,withoutaddingtheoptionalResortPackage.(您只需支付美国露营协会的协议房价，即可享受免费的客房基本无线互联网服务，并可使用阳台健康俱乐部，无需额外购买度假村套餐。)”可知，支付协会协议房价可享受免费的客房基本无线网络服务和使用阳台健康俱乐部的权利。故选D。BThechaosoftravelthroughLosAngelesInternationalAirport(LAX)calmsdownwhenyouwalkintotheOrchestrina.Atthestartofa1,000footlonghallwayconnectingTomBradleyInternationalTerminal’s(航站楼)GreatHalltoitswestgates,thelightsoftenstoblue.Whatamazespassengersisthegentlewavesofmusicthatgreetthemastheyarecarriedthroughtheterminalbythemovingsidewalk.Alongtheway,themusicshiftsbetween30positionsfromwellknownartists.L.A.Orchestrina,apieceofpublicartequipmentfromL.A.radioandDublab,ispartofanewthreeL.A.contractforthestationtoprogramlivemusicandsoundartatLAX.It’sanintroductiontoL.A.’sexperimentalmusicandartscenes.Aspassengersareonedgeoverthemanythingsgoingwrongintheskiesthesedays,theOrchestriaoffersanexperienceoftasteful,mentalpeace.“That’sabsolutelytheintention,tooffer,like,abreakfromthefastpacedurbanschedule,”saidCohen,executivedirectorofDublab,“There’sareallyinterestingeffectwhenyouenterthehallway,ingdownthislongsetofstairsandenteringthisbluelightthatpletelysurroundsyouwithmusicandfieldrecordingswhereyoucanhearbirdsandwindpassingthroughgrass.”Therearemanyeventsplannedforthethreeyearstoe,asDublabtriestomakeoneofthemostawfullocationsinthecountysomewhereyoumightintendstayinglongerandlistening.“Wedesiretoreflectourcity,andIthinkwe’vegottobaketheartsprogramminginaspartofthat.Attheendoftheday,we’realljusthumanbeingsusingthesepublicspaces.”explainedSarahCifarelli,LAXArtProgramDirector.“That’spartofthepoint,though—toshowoffthecityforanyonelookingcloselyandmakeitgentlerforanyonepassingthrough.Thesearethethingsthatyoukindoflivefor,youworkfor,beingpartoftheheartbeatofthecity,”Cohensaid,“It’sanothersteptowardsbeingintegratedintothecitywhetherintentionallyornot.”4.WhatimpressesthepassengerswhentheywalkintotheOrchestrina?A.Thelonghallway. B.Thebluelight.C.Themovingsidewalk. D.Therelaxingmusic.5.WhatwillDublab’sthreeyearprojectbringaccordingtoCohen?A.Arefreshinginteractionwithnature. B.Amomentaryescapefrombusyroutine.C.TheincreaseinLAX’smercialvalue. D.Thepromotionoflocalartistsandtheirmusic.6.Whatistheartsprogrammingaimedat?A.Makingfulluseofpublicspaces. B.Prioritizingshowingoffthecity.C.Beingmixedintothecity’sidentity. D.Speedingupthecity’sdevelopment.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.Dublab’sMusic:aRelieffromStress B.ExploringLAX:FindingPeaceinLightC.LAX’sNewArtProgram:PeaceinChaos D.Orchestrina:aHightechDesignintheCity【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶国际机场（LAX）内的一项新的公共艺术设施——Orchestrina，它是一条连接航站楼大厅与西侧登机口的走廊，通过柔和的灯光和不断变化的音乐为旅客提供舒缓的体验。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whatamazespassengersisthegentlewavesofmusicthatgreetsthemastheyarecarriedthroughtheterminalbythemovingsidewalk.(让旅客们感到惊奇的是，当他们乘坐自动步道穿过航站楼时，迎接他们的是轻柔的音乐声浪。)”可知，当乘客乘坐自动步道穿过航站楼走进“Orchestrina”时，让他们感到惊奇的是迎接他们的轻柔的音乐声浪。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““That’sabsolutelytheintention,tooffer,like,abreakfromthefastpacedurbanschedule,”saidCohen,executivedirectorofDublab,“There’sareallyinterestingeffectwhenyouenterthehallway,ingdownthislongsetofstairsandenteringthisbluelightthatpletelysurroundsyouwithmusicandfieldrecordingswhereyoucanhearbirdsandwindpassingthroughgrass.”(都柏林实验室的执行董事Cohen说：“这绝对是我们的初衷，就是让人们从快节奏的都市日程中得到片刻的休息。当你走进这条走廊，走下这一长段楼梯，进入这片完全被音乐和实地录音环绕的蓝光之中时，会产生一种非常有趣的效果，在音乐里你可以听到鸟鸣和风吹过草地的声音。”)”可知，这个项目的初衷，就是让人们从快节奏的都市日程中得到片刻的休息。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Wedesiretoreflectourcity,andIthinkwe’vegottobaketheartsprogramminginaspartofthat.Attheendoftheday,we’realljusthumanbeingsusingthesepublicspaces.”explainedSarahCifarelli,LAXArtProgramDirector.(洛杉矶国际机场艺术项目总监SarahCifarelli解释说：“我们希望展现我们的城市，而且我认为我们必须把艺术节目编排融入其中。说到底，我们都只是使用这些公共空间的普通人。”)”以及“Cohensaid,“It’sanothersteptowardsbeingintegratedintothecitywhetherintentionallyornot.”(Cohen说：“不管是不是有意为之，这都是朝着融入这座城市迈出的又一步。”)”可知，艺术节目编排旨在反映这座城市，并且要将其融入到城市当中，成为城市特色的一部分。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ThechaosoftravelthroughLosAngelesInternationalAirport(LAX)calmsdownwhenyouwalkintotheOrchestrina.Atthestartofa1,000fbotlonghallwayconnectingTomBradleyInternationalTerminal’s(航站楼)GreatHalltoitswestgates,thelightsoftenstoblue.Whatamazespassengersisthegentlewavesofmusicthatgreetsthemastheyarecarriedthroughtheterminalbythemovingsidewalk.Alongtheway,themusicshiftsbetween30positionsfromwellknownartists.(当你走进“Orchestrina”时，洛杉矶国际机场（LAX）里那种熙熙攘攘的旅行氛围就会平静下来。在一条连接汤姆・布拉德利国际航站楼大厅与其西侧登机口的1000英尺长的走廊起点，灯光柔和地变成了蓝色。让旅客们感到惊奇的是，当他们乘坐自动步道穿过航站楼时，迎接他们的是轻柔的音乐声浪。沿途，音乐在30首来自知名艺术家的作品之间切换。)”可知，文章开篇提到走进洛杉矶国际机场（LAX）的“Orchestrina”时，机场的混乱氛围会平静下来，接着介绍了“Orchestrina”是洛杉矶机场新的艺术项目的一部分，它能让旅客在混乱的机场环境中获得高雅且内心平静的体验，还阐述了这个艺术项目的目的和意义。选项C“LAX’sNewArtProgram:PeaceinChaos(洛杉矶国际机场的新艺术项目：在混乱中寻得平静)”准确地概括了文章主旨。故选C。CBacteria(细菌)knowhowtoroughitoutallovertheearth.Askmostofthemwherethey’dtrulyprefertosettlethrough,andakitchensponge(海绵)wouldprobablytopthelist.Yes,itturnsoutthattheverytoolweusetocleanourplates,whichiswarm,damp,andfullofnutritiousfoodpieces,ispackedoftinylife.LingchongYou,abiologistatDukeUniversity,alongwithhisteam,usedputerstomodeltheplexenvironmentofaspongefora2022study.Hefoundthatspongesfeaturingpocketsofvaryingsizesaresomethingthatreallymattersforpromotingbacterialgrowth.Thisholdssignificanceascertainbacteriatendtogrowindependentlywhileothersdemandthepanionshipofothers.Withinaspongefilledwithholesandpockets,suchanabundanceofdiversestructuresthateveryoneattainsastateofsatisfaction.Nevertheless,itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatthesetoolspresentahealthrisktousaswell.Bacteriaexisteverywhereandnotallareharmful;infact,manyperformvitaljobs.Theimportantquestionis,therefore,arethebacteriafoundinspongesevenworthworryingabout?In2017,JenniferQuinlan,aprofessoroffoodsafety,andhercolleagues,collectedkitchenspongesfrom100homes,findingthatonly1–2%ofthosespongescontainedbacterialinkedtofoodpoisoninginhumansandtheonesthatdidcontainedonlysmallamountsofharmfulbacteria.“Thevastmajorityofbacteriaonspongesdonotcauseillness,andthey’rejustgoingtomakethemsmell.”saysQuinlan.“Havingsaidthat,thereisapossibilitythatifyouuseaspongetowipeuprawmeatthatyoucouldhavesomeofthosediseasecausingbacteriaonthere,andstudieshavefoundthatthosebacteriacanbeseparatedfromkitchensponges.”Thisisnotthewholestoryyet.Ifdangerousbacteriahappentoarriveonthescene,thesponge’sspecialmakeupmakesitanidealplaceforthemtogrowandmultiply.Andthere’sevidencethisisthecase.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Spongesareperfecttoolsinthekitchen.B.Bacteriaprefertoliveindryenvironment.CKitchenspongesaregoodhomeforbacteria.D.Bacteriaaffectkitchensponges’performance.9.WhatdidLingchongYoufindinhisstudy?A.Howspongesareexactlystructured. B.Whatencouragesbacterialgrowth.C.Howbacteriareacttotheenvironment. D.Whybacteriakeeppanywitheachother.10.WhatdoesQuinlanthinkofbacteriaonsponges?A.Relativelyharmless. B.Poorlyadaptive,C.Surprisinglyunpleasant. D.Widelydistributed.11.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Proofsofbacterialthreat. B.Theclassificationofbacteria.C.Methodstocontrolbacterialgrowth. D.Researchintoapplicationsofbacteria.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌在厨房海绵中的生存情况，包括细菌的生长环境、种类、对人类的潜在影响以及海绵的特殊结构如何成为细菌生长的理想场所。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Bacteria(细菌)knowhowtoroughitoutallovertheearth.Askmostofthemwherethey’dtrulyprefertosettlethough,andakitchensponge(海绵)wouldprobablytopthelist.Yes,itturnsoutthattheverytoolweusetocleanourplates,whichiswarm,damp,andfullofnutritiousfoodpieces,ispackedoftinylife.(细菌知道如何在地球上的各个地方顽强生存。不过，要是问它们最想在哪里定居，厨房海绵可能会高居榜首。没错，事实证明，我们用来清洗盘子的这个工具，温暖、潮湿，还满是富有营养的食物碎屑，其实充满了微小的生命。)”可知，大多数细菌它们真正想在哪里定居，厨房海绵可能会排在首位，事实证明，我们用来清洗盘子的这个温暖、潮湿且充满营养食物碎屑的工具，充满了微小的生命（细菌）。由此可知，厨房海绵是细菌的好家园。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hefoundthatspongesfeaturingpocketsofvaryingsizesaresomethingthatreallymattersforpromotingbacterialgrowth.(他发现，海绵上那些大小各异的孔隙对于促进细菌生长至关重要。)”可知，LingchongYou发现不同大小孔隙的海绵对促进细菌生长起着重要作用，也就是他发现了什么能促进细菌生长。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In2017,JenniferQuinlan,aprofessoroffoodsafety,andhercolleagues,collectedkitchenspongesfrom100homes,findingthatonly1–2%ofthosespongescontainedbacterialinkedtofoodpoisoninginhumansandtheonesthatdidcontainedonlysmallamountsofharmfulbacteria.“Thevastmajorityofbacteriaonspongesdonotcauseillness,andthey’rejustgoingtomakethemsmell.”saysQuinlan.(2017年，食品安全领域的教授JenniferQuinlan和她的同事们从100个家庭中收集了厨房海绵，发现这些海绵中只有1%到2%含有与人类食物中毒相关的细菌，而且确实含有有害细菌的海绵中，有害细菌的含量也很少。Quinlan说：“海绵上绝大多数细菌不会致病，它们只是会让海绵产生异味。)”可知，Quinlan认为海绵上绝大多数细菌不会引发疾病，只有极少数海绵含有与人类食物中毒有关的细菌，而且这些细菌的含量也很少，所以她认为海绵上的细菌相对无害。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thisisnotthewholestoryyet.Ifdangerousbacteriahappentoarriveonthescene,thesponge’sspecialmakeupmakesitanidealplaceforthemtogrowandmultiply.Andthere’sevidencethisisthecase.(事情还不止如此。如果危险的细菌碰巧来到了海绵上，海绵特殊的构造会使它成为这些细菌生长和繁殖的理想场所。而且有证据表明情况确实如此。)”可知，由于最后一段提到有证据表明危险细菌会在海绵上生长繁殖，所以接下来很可能会讨论细菌威胁的证据具体是什么。故选A。D“Shhh!”Thisisthedemandthatecoacoustics(生态声学)researcherJeromeSueurmakesofhumanity.Thenoisesoftechnologyspreadacrosseventheremotestcornersoftheplanet.SueurexplorestheimpactoftheeverpresentsoundontheanimalworldinNaturalHistoryofSilence.Betweentraveloguestylechaptersandphilosophicalreflections,thebookcoversmanykeytermsandtheories,suchastheacousticnichehypothesis(声学生态位假说),whichassumesthateachspecieshasitsownacousticspacetoimprovemunicationwithitsownkindandlimitsoundpetitionfromotherspecies.Sueur’spointisthis:silenceisacrucialresource,likefoodorwater,whichspeciespetefortosurvive.“Makingsoundisimportant,”hewrites.Buthumansneedto“makesurewearenotmorealivethanothers”.WhentheCOVID19pandemic(流行病)unexpectedlyputhumanactivitiesonhold,noisemonitoringorganizationsinFrancerecordeda60–75%dropinsoundlevelsinmanycities.Globally,wildlifemunicationchangedduringlockdowns.FishanddolphinsoffthecoastofNewZealandextendedtherangeoftheircallsby65%owingtoasharpreductioninboattravel.However,whenhumansemergedfromtheirhomes,sodidallhumangeneratedsoundsandtheirharmfuleffectsonnaturalsystems,Sueurwrites.Sueurcallsforagreaterawarenessoftheneedtopreservezoneswherenoiseisnotwele,effectivelyproposingaglobalnetworkofsilentsheltersforwildlife.Thebook,thus,highlightsanimaginarydividinglinebetweenhumanityandnature—anapproachtoconservationthathasthwartedcontemporaryenvironmentalistswhobelievetrueconservationsuccessesfrombuildingaharmoniousbondwithnature.Someevenargueagainstitinpublicandattempttoseekmoreallaroundsolutionsthatinvolvelocalandindigenous(本土)munities.Toencouragereaderstoact,thebookcouldhaveincludedstoriesaboutsuccessfulnoflyzoneswheremunitiesareworkingtoaddresstheproblem.Butthefocusonsolutionsisnarrow.Instead,hiswindingandwordywritingoftencarriesatoneofanger,whichcoulddriveawaythepeoplehewantstosilence.12.Whatdoestheacousticnichehypothesisassume?A.Speciesusesoundstomunicate. B.Eachspecieshasauniquesoundrange.C.Speciespeteforsoundresources. D.Makingsoundisthekeytosurvival.13.Whyarefishanddolphinsmentionedinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedestructioncausedbythepandemic.B.Tostresstheroleofanimalsinthelocalecosystem.C.Toillustratetheimpactofhumanactivitiesonwildlife.D.Topareresponsesofdifferentanimalstolockdowns.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thwarted”inparagraph4mean?A.Enlightened. B.Transformed. C.Misled. D.Discouraged.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebookfromthelastparagraph?A.Itiswritteninanobjectivetone. B.Itservesitswritingpurposewell.C.Itfailstorelatetocertainreaders. D.Itconveysrathershallowideas.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕生态声学研究者JeromeSueur的观点展开，讨论了人类活动产生的噪音对动物世界的影响，以及Sueur对于保护静音区域、为野生动物建立静音庇护所的呼吁。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Betweentraveloguestylechaptersandphilosophicalreflections,thebookcoversmanykeytermsandtheories,suchastheacousticnichehypothesis(声学生态位假说),whichassumesthateachspecieshasitsownacousticspacetoimprovemunicationwithitsownkindandlimitsoundpetitionfromotherspecies.(在类似游记风格的章节和哲学思考之间，这本书涵盖了许多关键术语和理论，比如声学生态位假说，该假说认为每个物种都有自己的声学空间，以改善与同类的交流，并限制来自其他物种的声音竞争。)”可知，声学生态位假说认为每个物种都有自己的声学空间，即有独特的声音范围，以促进与同类的交流并限制来自其他物种的声音竞争。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“WhentheCOVID19pandemic(流行病)unexpectedlyputhumanactivitiesonhold,noisemonitoringorganizationsinFrancerecordeda60–75%dropinsoundlevelsinmanycities.Globally,wildlifemunicationchangedduringlockdowns.FishanddolphinsoffthecoastofNewZealandextendedtherangeoftheircallsby65%owingtoasharpreductioninboattravel.However,whenhumansemergedfromtheirhomes,sodidallhumangeneratedsoundsandtheirharmfuleffectsonnaturalsystems,Sueurwrites.(当新冠疫情意外地使人类活动暂停时，法国的噪音监测机构记录到许多城市的噪音水平下降了60%至75%。在全球范围内，在封锁期间野生动物的交流方式也发生了变化。由于船只航行大幅减少，新西兰海岸附近的鱼类和海豚将它们叫声的传播范围扩大了65%。然而，Sueur写道，当人类走出家门时，所有人类产生的声音及其对自然系统的有害影响也随之而来。)”可知，本段提到，新冠疫情期间人类活动暂停，城市噪音水平下降，新西兰海岸附近的鱼类和海豚因船只航行减少，叫声传播范围扩大。而当人类活动恢复，噪音也随之回来，对自然系统产生有害影响。由此可见，提及鱼类和海豚是为了通过它们在人类活动变化时的表现，具体说明人类活动对野生动物的影响。故选C。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Sueurcallsforagreaterawarenessoftheneedtopreservezoneswherenoiseisnotwele,effectivelyproposingaglobalnetworkofsilentsheltersforwildlife.Thebook,thus,highlightsanimaginarydividinglinebetweenhumanityandnature—anapproachtoconservationthathasthwartedcontemporaryenvironmentalistswhobelievetrueconservationsuccessesfrombuildingaharmoniousbondwithnature.(Sueur呼吁人们提高对保护那些不欢迎噪音的区域的必要性的认识，实际上是提议建立一个全球性的野生动物静音庇护所网络。因此，这本书凸显了人类与自然之间一条想象中的分界线——这种保护方式让当代环保主义者……，因为他们认为真正的保护成功来自于与自然建立和谐的联系。)”可知，Sueur呼吁保护不欢迎噪音的区域，提议建立全球野生动物静音庇护所网络，这种做法凸显了人与自然之间一条想象中的分界线。而当代环保主义者认为真正的保护成功来自于与自然建立和谐的联系。由此可推测，Sueur的做法与当代环保主义者的理念不同，所以这种做法会让他们感到沮丧、气馁。选项D“discouraged”，意为“使沮丧”，符合语境。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Toencouragereaderstoact,thebookcouldhaveincludedstoriesaboutsuccessfulnoflyzoneswheremunitiesareworkingtoaddresstheproblem.Butthefocusonsolutionsisnarrow.Instead,hiswindingandwordywritingoftencarriesatoneofanger,whichcoulddriveawaythepeoplehewantstosilence.(为了鼓励读者采取行动，这本书本可以收录一些关于成功设立禁飞区的故事，在这些地方，社区正在努力解决噪音问题。但书中对解决方案的关注范围很窄。相反，他那迂回冗长的文字常常带有愤怒的语气，这可能会把那些他希望让其保持安静的人吓跑。)”可知，为了鼓励读者采取行动，这本书本可以收录一些关于成功设立禁飞区的故事，在这些地方社区正在努力解决问题。但书中对解决方案的关注范围很窄。相反，作者迂回冗长的文字常常带有愤怒的语气，这可能会把那些他希望让其保持安静的人吓跑。也就是说，因为作者愤怒的语气可能会把那些他希望影响的读者吓跑，所以这本书没能与这些读者建立联系、产生共鸣。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wearesopassionateaboutwhatwedo.Wegettotravelthisamazingworld,makegreatfriendships,makepositivechangeswithinlocalmunitiesandhelpconserveanimals.___16___.Itisnotaninetofivejobforus.Youwillfindusavailabletoansweryourquestionsoutsideofthe“normal”hours,bethat6:30onaMondaymorningor20:00onaSundayevening.Wealsomakeiteasy.Youcancontactusthroughonlinechat,byemail,,socialmediaortelephone,___17___,allowingthisonceinalifetimeopportunitytoalltravelers.Overthepastcoupleofyears,wehavehostedmanyvolunteersandmadesuchabigimpactaroundtheworld.Here’sthethingsyoushouldknowaboutus:___18___Notonlydoourvolunteerprogramsdirectlyhelpwithinthelocalmunity,butweensurethatalltasksaidthelocaleconomy,respectallculturesandsupportthedevelopmentofthelocalinfrastructure(基础设施),whichiscrucialtothelongtermfutureofthecity.WewantyoutohaveagreattimeWemakesureyouandothervolunteershavethebesttimeofyourlives.ThefastestandmostefficientwayforustogrowandspreadourprogramsisbyYOU.___19___.That’swhywearesoproudofour5outof5starrating.So,dosomethingdifferentandspecialwhenyounextgoabroad.___20___.WhetheryouwanttohelpprotecttheelephantsinSriLanka,helpthedisabledinNepalorteachchildreninCambodia,theMightyRoarcanmakeithappen.A.ReviewsarekeytooursuccessB.WearemittedtoconservationC.WehavetheperfectexperiencewaitingforyouD.AllofourmunityprogramsaresustainableE.That’sthereasonwhywestartedtheMightyRoarF.RemembertosharethoseexperienceswithyourfriendsG.Weaimtomakeourvolunteeringprogramsasaccessibleaspossible【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了名为“MightyRoar”的组织的相关信息，包括创办原因、沟通方式、志愿者项目的特点、期望志愿者获得美好体验以及能提供的不同志愿机会等内容。【16题详解】根据上文“Wearesopassionateaboutwhatwedo.Wegettotravelthisamazingworld,makegreatfriendships,makepositivechangeswithinlocalmunitiesandhelpconserveanimals.(我们对自己所做的事情充满热情。我们得以游历这个奇妙的世界，结交挚友，在当地社区做出积极的改变，并助力保护动物。)”可知，上文提到我们热衷于所做的事，能旅行、交友、在当地社区做积极改变以及保护动物。选项E“That’sthereasonwhywestartedtheMightyRoar(这就是我们创办MightyRoar的原因。)”能够很好地承接上文，解释了做这些事情与创办组织之间的关系。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Youcancontactusthroughonlinechat,byemail,,socialmediaortelephone(你可以通过在线聊天、电子邮件、短信、社交媒体或电话联系我们)”可知，上文提到了联系的各种方式；而下文“allowingthisonceinalifetimeopportunitytoalltravelers(让所有旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会)”则指出空处让旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会。选项G“Weaimtomakeourvolunteeringprogramsasaccessibleaspossible(我们旨在让我们的志愿者项目尽可能容易参与)”既解释了多种联系方式的目的，又能与后文让旅行者有机会相衔接。故选G。【18题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Notonlydoourvolunteerprogramsdirectlyhelpwithinthelocalmunity,butweensurethatalltasksaidthelocaleconomy,respectallculturesandsupportthedevelopmentofthelocalinfrastructure(基础设施),whichiscrucialtothelongtermfutureofthecity.(我们的志愿者项目不仅能直接为当地社区提供帮助，而且我们确保所有的工作都能促进当地经济发展、尊重所有文化，并支持当地基础设施的建设，这对城市的长远未来至关重要。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是志愿者项目对城市的长期未来至关重要。选项D“Allofourmunityprogramsaresustainable(我们的所有社区项目都是可持续的。)”能够概括这一段关于项目对当地多方面产生长期积极影响，具有可持续性的内容。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“ThefastestandmostefficientwayforustogrowandspreadourprogramsisbyYOU.(对我们来说，让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。)”可知，上文提到让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。而空后“That’swhywearesoproudofour5outof5starrating.(这就是为什么我们为我们的五星评级感到骄傲。)”则暗示空处和五星级评价有关。选项A“Reviewsarekeytooursuccess(评价是我们成功的关键。)”说明通过“你”（志愿者）的评价对项目发展很重要，进而解释了五星评级的意义。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“WhetheryouwanttohelpprotecttheelephantsinSriLanka,helpthedisabledinNepalorteachchildreninCambodia,theMightyRoarcanmakeithappen.(无论你是想在斯里兰卡帮助保护大象，在尼泊尔帮助残疾人，还是在柬埔寨教孩子们，“MightyRoar”都能帮你实现。)”可知，下文提到了很多项目体验。选项C“Wehavetheperfectexperiencewaitingforyou(我们有完美的体验在等着你。)”承上启下，说明在MightyRoar能让你有特别的经历。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’vealwaysbeenterrifiedofheights.Thethoughtofbeinguphighmademyheart___21___andmyhandssweat.Butonesummer,myfriendsandIdecidedtotryrockclimbing,andIchosetofacemy___22___.Wearrivedattheclimbinggym,andthe___23___wallsaboveusseemedlikeahugechallenge.Whenmyfriendseagerlyputontheirclimbingbeltsandstartedpracticingonthelowerroutes,I___24___.Iwatchedthemwithamixofadmirationand___25___.Icouldfeelawaveofselfdoubtwashoverme.Whenitwasmy___26___,Ifinallytookadeepbreathandtiedmybelt.Thefirstfewfeetweremanageable,butasIclimbedhigher,myfear___27___.Myhandsshook,andIgraspedtheholds___28___.“You’redoinggreat!”myfriends___29___frombelow,butIcouldbarelyhearthemforthethunderingofmyownheart.Ilookeddownandimmediately_____30_____it,asthegroundseemedsofaraway.I_____31_____,tryingtosteadymybreathing.IknewIhadtwochoices:giveuporkeepgoing.Ichosethelatter.Slowly,I_____