辽宁辽西重点高中2025-2026学年度高二下学期开学考试英语试题

辽宁省辽西重点高中度下学期高二开学考试英语试卷时间：120分钟分数：150分试卷说明：试卷共两部分：第一部分：选择题型（155题95分）第二部分：非选择题型（5667题55分）第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whowillthespeakerssupport?A.Lauren. B.Dave. C.Nora.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Guesswhat?Noramadeittothefinalofthesingingpetition.I’llgoandcheerheronthisFriday.W:Countmein.Whoelseispeting?M:JackandDavefromClass9,andLaurenfromClass11.It’sgoingtobeatoughpetition.2.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemanspeakerdotoday?A.Studyforthetest. B.Buyanotebook. C.Gocycling.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whataperfectdayforcycling.Iknowabeautifulriversidepath.Let’shaveafunride.M:Well,Ihavemyhandsfulltoday.Imustreviewthenotes.I’llhaveamathtestandahistorytesttomorrow.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhatshouldIwearfortheoutdoorconcert?W:Wecanseeaclearblueskyatthemoment.However,there’sachanceofrain,anditmightbegintoblowlateintheafternoon.M:Inthatcase,I’dbetterwearajacketandbringaraincoat.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Wheretotakeatrip. B.WhentopickupAmy. C.Whattoeatfordinner.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Honey,whatshallwehavefordinner?W:I’mthinkingaboutcookingthatfishdishweateduringourtriptoHangzhou.M:Goodidea.LittleAmylikedit.Well,howaboutcookingsomevegetablestoo?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacar. B.Inarepairshop. C.Inameetingroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ohno,theengineismakingastrangenoise.Whatshouldwedo?W:Pulloverrightnow.I’llcalltherepairshop.M:Allright.Ihopetheycanequickly.Wecan’tbelateforthemeeting.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydidthewomanfailherfirstdrivingtest?A.Shedrovetoofast. B.Sheranaredlight. C.Shedidn’twearaseatbelt.7.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bysubway.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Henry,Ifailedmydrivingtestagain.Idon’twanttotakeitforthethirdtime.M:What?Didyouforgettowearyourseatbeltagain?W:No,thistimeIwassonervousthatIdidn’tpayattentiontothetrafficlights,andIwasspeeding.M:That’sdangerous.W:Yeah,IguessI’dbetterkeeptakingthebustowork.M:Thenearbysubwaystationwillbeopentothepublicsoon.Maybeyoucantakethesubwayinthefuture.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdidthewomangetthetablecloth?A.Shereceiveditasagift. B.Sheboughtitonline. C.Shemadeitherself.9.Whatdoesthemanplantobuy?A.Apainting. B.Acap. C.Ajacket.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatalovelyvase,andthetablelooksperfectwiththetablecloth.Youreallyhavegoodtaste.Wheredidyoufindthem?W:Thanks.Thetablewasahousewarminggiftfrommyfriend.SinceIcouldn’tfindasuitabletablecloth,Iboughtapieceofmaterialonlineandmadeonemyself.Asforthevase,Igotitatasecondhandmarket,anditcostonlytwentyyuan.M:It’ssuchagreatdealThevaselooksasgoodasnew.Whatelsedoesthemarketsell?W:Everythingyoucouldthinkof:clothes,shoes,books,andsoon.M:Good.I’llgothereandgetacaptomatchmynewjacket.W:Thenlet’sgotheretogether.Ialsoneedapaintingformylivingroom.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whendidthemanmostlikelyreturnfromhistrip?A.Afewdaysago. B.Afewmonthsago. C.Afewyearsago.11.Whichpartofthetripwasthebestforthewoman?A.WalkingonthestreetsinParis. B.ExploringmuseumsinBerlin. C.TastingfantasticItalianfood.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers. B.Travelpanions. C.Casualfriends.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Alice,how’severythinggoing?W:Hi,Allen.Everythingisallright,howaboutyou?M:I’montopoftheworld.Ijustgotbackfromalongtrip.W:Wheredidyougo?M:Iwentonaroadtripacrossthecountrywithmybrotherandsister.Itwasaweeklongadventurewithlotsofstops.Ivisitedsomeamazingplaces.W:Thatsoundsgreat.M:Haveyoubeenonanylongtriplately?W:Actually,yes.IjustreturnedfromatwoweekvacationwithmymotherinEurope.Itwaswonderful,butImustsaythejourneywasprettyexhausting.M:Europesoundsamazing.Whatweresomeofthehighlightsofyourtrip?W:Oh,somany.IlovedwanderingthroughthestreetsinParis,andthefoodinItalywasfantastic.Buthonestly,theexperienceofvisitingBerlin’smuseumswasthebestpart.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havinganinterview. B.Discussingclassicnovels. C.Exchangingwritingexperiences.14.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutcreatingthecharactersinherlatestnovel?A.Tired. B.Stressed. C.Delighted.15.Whydoesthewomanlikewritingaboutidentityandselfdiscovery?A.Toinnovateherstories. B.Tobonddeeplywithreaders. C.Tofollowthewritingtrend.16.Whatisthefocusofthewoman’snextnovel?A.Familyties. B.Herpreviousworks. C.Lifechallenges.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Thankyouforjoiningustoday,MissEvans.Yourlatestnovelispopular.Canyoutelluswhatinspiredyoutowriteit?W:Thankyouforhavingme.TheinspirationcamefrommyownexperiencesandthepeopleI’vemetduringmytravels.Ibelievethateveryonehasastorytotell.M:That’sfascinating.Thecharactersinthenovelaresoattractive.Howdoyoubringthemtolifeonthepage?W:Ifocusondescribingtheirbackstoriesandmotivations.Theprocesstookalotoftimeandeffortbutit’snotlikethetirednessandstressIfeltwhenIwrotebefore.WhenIcreatedthesecharacters,Ialwayshadnewandfunideas,soIreallyenjoyedtheprocessofwritingthisbook.M:Soundsgood.Yourwritingoftenexploresthemesofidentityandselfdiscovery.Whyarethesetopicsimportanttoyou?W:Ithinktheyareuniversalthemesbecausealmosteveryonemeetssomedifficultiesinlife.Exploringthesethemesallowsmetoconnectwithreadersonadeeperlevel.M:That’strue.Finally,doyouhaveanyplanstowriteanewnovel?W:Actually,I’mworkingonanewnovelthatexploresfamilyrelationships.It’sabitdifferentfrommypreviousworks,butI’mexcitedaboutthechallenge.M:Ican’twaittoreadit.Thankyouforsharingyouropinionswithus.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhathascausedlotsoftroubleacrosstheUK?A.Severeweather. B.Touristrush. C.Majorsportsevents.18.WhatistheNationalGridtryingtodo?A.Clearsnowfromtheroads. B.Repairtherailwaynetwork. C.Restoreelectricitysupply.19.Whywastheroadnetworkparticularlybusythatday?A.Peopleweregoingonwinterholidays.B.Manywerereturninghomeortoschool.C.Everyonewastryingtoavoidthetrains.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthefootballmatchbetweenLiverpoolandManchesterUnited?A.Ithasbeencanceled. B.Itwillbeplayedlater. C.Itmaystillbegoingon.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】HeavysnowandfreezingrainhavebroughtlotsoftroubleacrosstheUK.Severalmajorairportswereforcedtocancelflights,andmanykeyroadsinthenorthofEnglandcouldn’tbeused.WiththeweathersettostaystormyonSunday,thereisconcernthatmanycountrymunitiescouldbecutoff,withuptofortycentimetersofsnowontheground.TheNationalGrid,whichmanagesthecountry’selectricitynetwork,saidithadbeenworkingtogetpowerbackacrossthecountry.Thepany’slivemapshowspowercutsinBirminghamincentralEngland,Bristolinthewest,andCardiffinWales.Theroadnetworkwasalsoheavilyaffectedonwhatwouldhavebeenaverybusyday,asmanyfamilieswerereturninghomefromtheChristmasandNewYearbreak,andstudentswereheadingbacktouniversities.Ontherailways,manyserviceswerecancelled,withNationalRailwarningoftroublecontinuingintotheworkingweek.Manysportingeventshavealreadybeenputoff,butthefootballmatchbetweenLiverpoolandManchesterUnitedisstillon,thoughtherewillbeanotherinspectionlater.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIntheheartofAustralia’sNorthernTerritoryliesadestinationthatattractsadventurers,natureenthusiasts,andcuriousmindsalike.WeletoDarwin,acityknownforitsnaturalbeauty,culturaldiversity,anduniquewildlife.Ifyou’relookingforanunforgettablevacationexperiencethatimmerses(使……沉浸)youinthewondersofnature,DarwinToursandDarwinVacationPackagesareyourkeystothisremarkabledestination.Darwin:AGatewaytotheOutbackDarwinToursallowyoutoembarkonjourneysdeepintotheOutback,whereyou’llwitnessbreathtakinglandscapesthatseemuntouchedbytime.Thetoursofferawiderangeofoptions,fromexploringtheiconicKakaduNationalParktodiscoveringthesacredlandsofArnhemLand,allwhileenjoyingiseofexperiencedguides.KakaduNationalPark:ANaturalWonderOneofthejewelsofDarwintourismisthemagnificentKakaduNationalPark.ThisUNESCOWorldHeritagelistedsiteisasprawlingexpanseofwetlands,floodplains,andescarpmentsthatprovideahabitatfordiversewildlife,includingcrocodiles,wallabies,andcountlessbirdspecies.DarwinTourstoKakaduNationalParkareanexcellentwaytoexplorethisuniqueecosystem.You’llembarkonguidedhikes,takesceniccruises,andevenwitnessancientrockartthattellsthestoryofindigenousculturesdatingbackthousandsofyears.LitchfieldNationalPark:NaturalPoolsandWaterfallsIfyou’reinsearchofrelaxationamidstnature,thenLitchfieldNationalParkshouldbeonyourlist.Thispicturesqueparkishometoacollectionofstunningwaterfallsandnaturalpoolsthatprovidetheperfectbackdropforadayofswimmingandpicnicking.Asyouplanyournextvacation,considermakingDarwinyourdestinationofchoice.DarwinTourswillguideyouthroughtheenchantinglandscapesandstoriesofthisremarkableplace,leavingyouwithmemoriesthatwilllastalifetime.21.WhatdoweknowaboutDarwin?A.Richinnaturalwonders. B.Famousfortourforms.C.Uniqueinmineralresources. D.Diverseinculturalexchanges.22.WhatcanwedoinKakaduNationalPark?A.Huntforjewels. B.Campinthewetlands.C.Enjoyancientrockart. D.Takeboatsfreeofcharge.23.WhatisonekeyhighlightofLitchfieldNationalPark?A.Itsadventuroussites. B.Itsbeautifulwaterfalls.C.Itsrarewildlifecollection. D.Itspicnickingfacilities.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍澳大利亚北部地区的达尔文市及其周边的自然景观和旅游资源，推荐达尔文旅游团和度假套餐，吸引游客前往体验独特的自然风光和文化。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WeletoDarwin,acityknownforitsnaturalbeauty,culturaldiversity,anduniquewildlife.(欢迎来到达尔文，这座城市以其自然美景、文化多样性和独特的野生动物而闻名。)”可知，达尔文以其自然美景而闻名，拥有丰富的自然奇观。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“You’llembarkonguidedhikes,takesceniccruises,andevenwitnessancientrockartthattellsthestoryofindigenousculturesdatingbackthousandsofyears.(你将参加有导游的徒步旅行，乘坐风景优美的游船，甚至亲眼目睹古老的岩石艺术，这些艺术讲述了数千年前原住民文化的故事。)”可知，在卡卡杜国家公园，我们可以欣赏古老的岩石艺术。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Ifyou’reinsearchofrelaxationamidstnature,thenLitchfieldNationalParkshouldbeonyourlist.Thispicturesqueparkishometoacollectionofstunningwaterfallsandnaturalpoolsthatprovidetheperfectbackdropforadayofswimmingandpicnicking.(如果你想在大自然中放松身心，那么利奇菲尔德国家公园应该列入你的清单。这个风景如画的公园拥有一系列令人惊叹的瀑布和天然游泳池，为一天的游泳和野餐提供了完美的背景。)”可知，利奇菲尔德国家公园的一个关键亮点是它美丽的瀑布。故选B。BChenNingYang,bornin1922inHefei,China,isatoweringfigureintheworldoftheoreticalphysics.HisjourneybeganinChina,wherehepletedhisundergraduateeducationattheNationalSouthwesternAssociatedUniversity,auniqueinstitutionformedduringtheSinoJapaneseWar.In1945,hemovedtotheUnitedStatesonascholarshipandearnedhisPh.D.fromtheUniversityofChicago.Yang’smostcelebratedachievementcamein1956whenheandhiscolleagueTsungDaoLeeproposedthatinweaknuclearinteractions,paritymightnotbeconserved.Thisideachallengedafundamentallawofphysicsthatwaspreviouslythoughttobeunbreakable.Theirtheoreticalworkwasconfirmedexperimentallywithinayear,andin1957,YangandLeewerejointlyawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysics,beingthefirstChineselaureates.Thisrapidrecognitionisrareinthehistoryofscience.BeyondtheNobelPrize,Yang’scontributiontophysicsisprofoundandlasting.TogetherwithRobertMills,hedevelopedtheYangMillsgaugetheory,whichbecameacornerstoneoftheStandardModelofparticlephysics.Thisframeworkisessentialforunderstandingthefundamentalforcesoftheuniverse.Yang’slifeisalsoastoryofculturalbridgeU.S.ding.AfterretiringfromStonyBrookUniversityintheU.S.,hemadeasignificantdecisiontoreturntoChinain2003,resuminghisChinesecitizenshiplater.HesettledatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,dedicatinghiseffortstoadvancingscientificresearchandeducationinhishomeland.HeplayedacrucialroleinestablishingtheCenterforAdvancedStudyatTsinghua,guidinganewgenerationofChinesephysicists.ProfessorYangisnotonlyrespectedforhisscientificbrilliancebutalsoforhisdeepculturalinsight.HeoftenemphasizestheimportanceofbasicscienceandtheharmoniousintegrationofEasternandWesternscientifictraditions.Hislifeandworktrulyserveasabridgeconnectingdifferentculturesanderas.24.WhatwasthesignificanceofthetheoryproposedbyYangandLee?A.Itexplainedthestructureoftheatom.B.Itwasconfirmedaftermanydecadesofexperimentation.C.Itchallengedapreviouslyacceptedlawofphysics.D.ItwasthefoundationfortheYangMillstheory.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesChenNingYang’scharacterasportrayedinthepassage?A.Asolitarygeniuswhopreferredtoworkalone.B.Apoliticianwhousedhisfamefordiplomaticpurposes.C.Abusinessmanwhoappliedsciencetopracticalapplications.D.Afigurewithglobalvisionandasenseofresponsibilitytohishomeland.26.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThelifeandmultifacetedcontributionsofChenNingYang.B.ThelongandsuccessfulcareerofYangintheUnitedStates.C.ThefiercepetitionbetweenYangandLeefortheNobelPrize.D.Thetechnicaldetailsoftheparitynonconservationtheory.27.WhatcanweinferaboutYangfromhisdecisiontoreturntoChina?A.Hewantedtoenjoyamorerelaxedretirementlife.B.HefeltastrongmitmenttocontributingtoChina’sscientificdevelopment.C.Helosthisinterestintheoreticalphysics.D.Heplannedtostartanewbusinessinhishomecountry.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一、中国首批科学诺贝尔奖得主之一杨振宁的生平、学术成就以及他对中国和世界科学界的贡献。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Yang’smostcelebratedachievementcamein1956whenheandhiscolleagueTsungDaoLeeproposedthatinweaknuclearinteractions,paritymightnotbeconserved.Thisideachallengedafundamentallawofphysicsthatwaspreviouslythoughttobeunbreakable.(杨振宁最负盛名的成就出现在1956年，他与同事李政道提出，在弱相互作用中宇称可能不守恒。这一观点挑战了此前被认为不可撼动的一条物理学基本定律。)”可知，杨、李二人提出的理论的意义在于挑战了此前公认的物理定律。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“U.S.rretiringfromStonyBrookUniversityintheU.S.,hemadeasignificantdecisiontoreturntoChinain2003,resuminghisChinesecitizenshiplater.HesettledatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,dedicatinghiseffortstoadvancingscientificresearchandeducationinhishomeland.(他从美国石溪大学退休后，于2003年做出了一个意义重大的决定——回到中国，之后恢复了中国国籍。他定居于北京清华大学，致力于推动祖国的科研与教育事业发展。)”以及最后一段“HeoftenemphasizestheimportanceofbasicscienceandtheharmoniousintegrationofEasternandWesternscientifictraditions.(他常强调基础科学的重要性以及东西方科学传统的和谐融合。)”可知，杨振宁是一位兼具国际视野、心怀家国责任感的科学家。故选D项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ChenNingYang,bornin1922inHefei,China,isatoweringfigureintheworldoftheoreticalphysics.HisjourneybeganinChina,wherehepletedhisundergraduateeducationattheNationalSouthwesternAssociatedUniversity,auniqueinstitutionformedduringtheSinoJapaneseWar.In1945,hemovedtotheUnitedStatesonascholarshipandearnedhisPh.D.fromtheUniversityofChicago.(杨振宁于1922年出生在中国合肥，是世界理论物理学界的巨擘。他的学术生涯起步于中国，本科毕业于国立西南联合大学——这是一所抗日战争时期成立的特殊学府。1945年，他凭借奖学金赴美国深造，随后在芝加哥大学获得博士学位。)”以及下文内容可知，文章依次介绍了杨振宁的求学经历、物理学领域的重大贡献、归国助力祖国科研教育发展的事迹，以及他在文化融合方面的理念。核心是展现杨振宁的生平与多方面贡献。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“HesettledatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,dedicatinghiseffortstoadvancingscientificresearchandeducationinhishomeland.HeplayedacrucialroleinestablishingtheCenterforAdvancedStudyatTsinghua,guidinganewgenerationofChinesephysicists.(他定居于北京清华大学，致力于推动祖国的科研与教育事业。他在筹建清华大学高等研究中心、培养中国新一代物理学家方面发挥了关键作用。)”可知，杨振宁回国的举动体现出他对助力中国科学发展的强烈使命感。故选B项。CDoyouhaveasuitordressintheclosetthatyouhaven’twornforyearsbutareunwillingtogetridof?Maybeyousay,“Ican’tthrowthatawaybecauseIpaidgoodmoneyforit.”Ifyourecognizethisinyourself,thenyouaresufferingfrommitmenttothesunkcostfallacy(谬论).Itoccurswhenwefeelthatwehaveinvestedtoomuchtoquit.Thispsychologicaltrapcausesustostickwithaplanevenifitnolongerservesusandthecostsclearlyoutweighthebenefits.ArkesandBlumerconductedasurveyrevealingthatpeopleareinfluencedbysunkcostfallacyintheirdecisions.Participantswereaskedtoimagineasituationwheretheyaccidentallybookedtwoskiticketsforthesamedate,spending$100onaskitriptoMichiganand$50onWisconsin.Theywerealsotoldthelatterwouldbemoreenjoyable.Itturnedoutthat54%choseMichigandespitethereasonablechoicebeingWisconsin,becausetheyhadmadeagreaterinitialinvestment.Sunkcostfallacytakesplacewhenweletemotionscloudourdecisions.Oncewe’veinvestedinachoice,wefeelguiltorregretifwedon’tfollowthrough,withoutrealizingthatpastinvestmentswon’tberecovered.Instead,webasedecisionsonpastcosts,ignoringpresentandfuturecostsandbenefits.Thismaybeduetolossaversion(厌恶),wherepeopleplacemoreweightonlossesthanongains.Asaresult,ourdecisionsoftenaimtoavoidlossesinsteadofseekingthebenefitsgainedifweletgoofthepastmitment.Noonecandenythefactthatwebenefitalotfromperseverance.Sooursocietylovestoemphasizeperseverance.Nevergiveup!Don’twaste!Butonlyyouknowtherightpathforyou.Sometimeswalkingawayisthehardestchoiceofall.Youmightrealizeapathyou’reonisnolongertherightoneorneverwas.That’sapainfulrealization.28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningof?A.Peoplebenefitfromstickingwithaplan.B.People’sconsumptionviewhaschanged.C.Peoplerefusetogiveupthepastmitment.D.People’sclothesarebeingmoreexpensive.29.Whydid54%oftheparticipantschoosetheMichigantrip?A.Toappearmorereasonable. B.Tosavemoreoftheloss.CTomakeagreaterinvestment. D.Toenjoymoreofthemselves.30.Whendoes“sunkcostfallacy”occur?A.Whenwedon’tfollowthroughourchoices.B.Whenweattachmoreimportancetopotentialgains.C.Whenwefeelitworthwhiletoinvestinpastdecisions.D.Whenweemotionallystickwithinvestmentalreadymade.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoward“perseverance”?A.Cautious. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Indifferent.【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“沉没成本谬误”这一心理现象，通过调查实验分析其成因，解释了人们为何会因过去的投入而难以放弃某个计划或选择，即使该计划或选择已不再合理，并探讨坚持的利弊，指出有时放弃是更明智的选择。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Doyouhaveasuitordressintheclosetthatyouhaven’twornforyearsbutareunwillingtogetridof?Maybeyousay,“Ican’tthrowthatawaybecauseIpaidgoodmoneyforit.”Ifyourecognizethisinyourself,thenyouaresufferingfrommitmenttothesunkcostfallacy(谬论).(你的衣柜里有没有一套多年没穿过但又不愿意扔掉的西装或连衣裙？也许你会说：“我不能把它扔掉，因为我花了很多钱买的。”如果你在自己身上发现了这种情况，那你就陷入了‘沉没成本谬误’的执念中。)”可知，作者在文章开头描述了人们拒绝放弃过去的投入这一现象。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itturnedoutthat54%choseMichigandespitethereasonablechoicebeingWisconsin,becausetheyhadmadeagreaterinitialinvestment.(结果显示，尽管合理的选择是威斯康星州，但仍有54%的人选择了密歇根州，因为他们最初的投入更大)”可知，54%的参与者选择密歇根州滑雪之旅是因为他们最初的投入更大，他们想减少损失。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sunkcostfallacytakesplacewhenweletemotionscloudourdecisions.Oncewe’veinvestedinachoice,wefeelguiltorregretifwedon’tfollowthrough,withoutrealizingthatpastinvestmentswon’tberecovered.(当我们让情绪影响我们的决定时，就会产生沉没成本谬论。一旦我们对一个选择进行了投资，如果我们不坚持到底，我们就会感到内疚或后悔，却没有意识到过去的投资是无法收回的)”可知，当我们从情感上坚持已经做出的投资时，就会出现“沉没成本谬误”。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Noonecandenythefactthatwebenefitalotfromperseverance.Sooursocietylovestoemphasizeperseverance.Nevergiveup!Don’twaste!Butonlyyouknowtherightpathforyou.Sometimeswalkingawayisthehardestchoiceofall.Youmightrealizeapathyou’reonisnolongertherightoneorneverwas.That’sapainfulrealization.(没有人能否认我们从坚持中获益匪浅。所以我们的社会喜欢强调坚持。永不放弃！不要浪费！但只有你知道什么是对的路。有时候，离开是最难的选择。你可能会意识到你所走的路不再是正确的，或者从来都不是正确的。这是一个痛苦的认识)”可知，作者认为虽然坚持有好处，但有时离开才是正确的选择，说明作者对“坚持”持谨慎态度。故选A项。DHydrogenfuelcell(氢燃料电池)vehiclesaren’tjustsourcesforsciencefictionorfaroutexperiments.Carsfueledbyhydrogen,liketheToyotaMiraiandHyundaiNexo,arealreadyhere,andhydrogenfuelcelltechnologyisactivelyevolvingandbenefitingfrombillionsofdollarsinresearch.So,whyarehydrogencarsvirtuallynonexistentonU.S.roadstoday?“Theanswerissimple:economics,’SergeyPaltsev,aseniorscientistattheMITEnergyInitiativetoldPopularScience.Politiciansandautomakersonceadvocatedthefuelcell,whichturnsthechemicalenergyofhydrogenintoelectricitytodriveanelectricmotor,asthefutureofpassengerautomobiles,butthefallingcostofbatteriesandalargenumberofelectricalfuelinginfrastructure(基础设施)havepropelledbatteryelectriccarswellintothelead.Abigswitchtohydrogencarswouldrequirecostcuttingandenormousinfrastructuredevelopment.TheDepartmentofEnergy’sAlternativeFuelsDataCentershows55publichydrogenfuelingstationlocationsintheU.S.today,almostonlyinCalifornia,whilemorethan68,000activepublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsacrossthecountry.“Nothingisgoingtochangenextyear,orprobablynotinfiveyears,buttherearebrighterpathwaysforhydrogenvehicles,”saidPaltsev.Itturnsoutthathydrogenfuelcellvehicleshaveadvantageousapplicationsinmediumdutyandheavydutytrucksandaviation(航空).Besides,batteryelectricvehiclescanbeproblematicwhenyouhaveproblemswithrange,fuelingtimeorheavyloads.S.iscurrentimpracticalapplicationofhydrogenpassengervehiclesinplacesliketheU.S.isnotareasonto“justgiveup”onhydrogenfuelcelltech.“Wemayneeditformanyotherreasonsinthefuture,”cautionedPaltsev,notingthatgeopoliticalissuescouldpreventaccesstorawmaterialsforbatteries,thusmakinghydrogencarssuddenlymoreeconomicallyworkable.32.WhyarehydrogencarsnotmonlyseenonU.S.roadstoday?A.Lackofpublicawareness. B.Unavailabilityofhydrogenfuel.C.Limitedresearchanddevelopment. D.Highcostsandinsufficientinfrastructure.33.WhatisSergeyPaltsev’sattitudetowardshydrogenvehiclesinthefuture?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Confused.34.Whatcanbelearnedabouthydrogenfuelcelltechfromthepassage?A.Itisalreadycosteffectiveforpassengervehicles.B.Itfailstosolvetheproblemswithrangeorfuelingtime.C.Itispracticableduetopotentialissuesresultingfromgeopolitics.D.Ithasunsatisfactoryapplicationsinheavydutytrucksandaviation.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitletothispassage?A.BatteryElectricVehicles:AGloriousEraB.HydrogenVehicles:StrugglingYetPromisingC.WhyAreWeNotDrivingElectricPoweredCars?D.HowtoBuildaPublicHydrogenFuelingStation?【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了氢燃料汽车没能普及的原因以及未来的前景。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Politiciansandautomakersonceadvocatedthefuelcell,whichturnsthechemicalenergyofhydrogenintoelectricitytodriveanelectricmotor,asthefutureofpassengerautomobiles,butthefallingcostofbatteriesandalargenumberofelectricalfuelinginfrastructure(基础设施)havepropelledbatteryelectriccarswellintothelead.(政界人士和汽车制造商一度主张燃料电池是乘用车的未来，但电池成本的下降和大量的电力燃料基础设施推动了电池电动汽车的领先地位。燃料电池将氢的化学能转化为电能，以驱动电动机。)”可知，氢燃料汽车在今天的美国道路上并不常见是因为其成本高，基础设施不足。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Nothingisgoingtochangenextyear,orprobablynotinfiveyears,buttherearebrighterpathwaysforhydrogenvehicles,”saidPaltsev.帕尔采夫说：“明年什么都不会改变，或者在未来五年内可能不会改变，但氢燃料汽车的发展前景更加光明。”)”可知，谢尔盖·帕尔采夫对未来氢燃料汽车充满希望。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“S.iscurrentimpracticalapplicationofhydrogenpassengervehiclesinplacesliketheU.S.isnotareasonto“justgiveup”onhydrogenfuelcelltech.“Wemayneeditformanyotherreasonsinthefuture,”cautionedPaltsev,notingthatgeopoliticalissuescouldpreventaccesstorawmaterialsforbatteries,thusmakinghydrogencarssuddenlymoreeconomicallyworkable.(目前氢燃料乘用车在美国等地的不切实际应用并不是“放弃”氢燃料电池技术的理由。帕尔采夫警告说：“未来我们可能会因为许多其他原因需要它。”他指出，地缘政治问题可能会阻碍电池原材料的获取，从而使氢燃料汽车突然变得更加经济可行。)”可知，由于地缘政治的潜在问题，氢燃料电池技术是可行的。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Carsfueledbyhydrogen,liketheToyotaMiraiandHyundaiNexo,arealreadyhere,andhydrogenfuelcelltechnologyisactivelyevolvingandbenefitingfrombillionsofdollarsinresearch.So,whyarehydrogencarsvirtuallynonexistentonU.S.roadstoday?(像丰田Mirai和现代Nexo这样的氢燃料汽车已经问世，氢燃料电池技术正在积极发展，并从数十亿美元的研究中受益。那么，为什么今天的美国道路上几乎没有氢燃料汽车呢？)”结合文章主要分析了氢燃料汽车没能普及的原因以及未来的前景。可知，B选项“氢燃料汽车：挣扎但有希望”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。time.____sonethingthatmostteenagersdon’tseemtohaveenoughof,itistime.____36____.1.Createaschedule.scheduling.____managementforteenagersbeginsandendswithgoodscheduling.____37____Decidewhichprojectsarethemosturgent,andplantodothesefirst.2.Setsmallgoals.Whenyouhavealarge,timeconsumingtasktolist.____utendtoputitoffbecauseyoudon’treallyknowwheretostartandfeeloverwhelmed.Togetstartedeasily,you’dbetterwritethebigtaskatthetopofalist.____38____Turnthesesmallertasksintoachecklistthatyoucanfollow.3.____39____Whileyou’retravellingtoschoolorwaitingforafriendtoturnup,youprobablyfindyourselfcheckingorpostingonsocialmedia.Insteadusethistimetodooneormoreofyoursmalltasks.Bygettingsomereadingdoneduringyourunexpectedfreetime,you’ll