福建南平第一中学2025~2026学年第二册高二期中考试英语试卷【附解析】

/南平一中2025～2026学年第二学期高二期中考试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhendidthemanvisittheYellowstonePark?A.LastSeptember.B.LastDecember.C.ThisJuly.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Signforthepackage.B.Findthepickupnotice.C.Lookuptheordernumber.3.Whenwillthemanhaveameeting?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.4.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.5.Whatisthewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Abusdriver.第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。6.Wheredoesthemanwanthistabletobe?A.Neartheentrance.B.Nearthekitchen.C.Inthecorner.7.Whatdoesthemanageradvisethemantoorder?A.Seafood.B.Chips.C.Duck.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10小题。8.Whydoesthewomancomehere?A.Toattendabirthdayparty.B.Tohaveabusinesstalk.C.Tomeetsomefriends.9.Whoisthewomanlookingfor?A.Amanwearingasuitandtie,withhiswife.B.AmanwearingaT-shirtandjeans,withhiswife.C.AwomanwearingaT-shirtandjeans,withherfriends.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Businesspartners.C.Waiterandcustomer.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13小题。11.WhohelpeddevelopScott’spassionforsport?A.Hisfather.B.Histeacher.C.Hisfriend.12.WhatisimportanttostudentsindoingsportsaccordingtoScott?A.Winningthegame.B.Beingconfidentandfriendly.C.Participatingandtryingtheirbest.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Attendalecture.B.Walkaroundthecollege.C.Takepartinsomesports.听下面一段对话，回答第14至16小题。14.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.15.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Gofishing.B.Gohiking.C.Gosailing.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheplan?A.Bored.B.Disappointed.C.Excited.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20小题。17.WhoisBradley?A.Theschoolheadmaster.B.Thesportsmeetingorganizer.C.Arunnerinthesportsmeeting.18.Whatshouldrunnersbringtothesportsmeeting?A.Ateamflag.B.Ascoresheet.C.Abottleofwater.19.WhatdoesLilyneedtodo?A.Practicejumping.B.Getthescoresheets.C.Gatheratthestartingline.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Schoolrules.B.Classschedules.C.Sportsmeeting第二部分阅读（共两节，满分42.5分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVadahasalwaysenjoyedtakingcareofotherssinceshewasveryyoung.Once,whilecarryingherbabybrother,shetrippedandfell.Quick-thinking,shelandedonherknee,injuringherselfbutprotectinghishead.“Hewasfine,”shesaid,“Ididn’twanthimtohaveaconcussion(脑震荡).”ItalsomakessensewhyshelearnedCPRinGirlScouts(女童子军).Vada’sparents,ClintandAmanda,areseparatedbutremainclosefriends.Oneday,VadawenttovisitClint,whowasgardening.Whenhewentinside,hisleftarmandchestbeganhurting.“Thesearesignsofaheartattack,”hetoldVada.Heknewbecausehe’dlookedthemup.Thenhewenttotakeashower.“Maybethat’llhelp.”Evenafterhishotshower,Clintfeltfreezingcold.HelayonthesofaandVadabroughthimthecovers.Soon,hebegansweating.Vadaknewthissuddenbodytemperatureswingwasabadsign.Havingleftherphoneathermom’s,sheputherdad’sinherpocketincasesheneededtocallforhelp.WhenClintwenttothebathroom,Vadafollowedandwaitedoutside.Suddenly,sheheardaheavycrash.Nervous,sherushedinandsawhimstrugglingtobreatheonthefloor,sheforcedherselftoremaincalmandcalled911.Shetoldthe911operatorsheknewCPRandstartedperformingitonherfatherunderguidance.Sometimelater,themedicalteamarrivedandtookover.VadacalledAmanda,andshejustcouldn’tholdbackherfeelingsanymoreandcriedoutloud.WhenAmandaarrived,oneoftherescuerssaid,“Vadahasalreadydonethelife-savingpartandwe’retakingitfromtheretodoeverythingwecantohelphim.”Finally,Clintwokeup.Amandasharedthenewson,andaGirlScoutsleaderpresented11-year-oldVadawiththeMedalofHonor,oneoftheorganization’shighesthonors.1.WhydidVadagotolearnCPRinGirlScouts?A.Shewantedtohelpothers. B.Shehopedtogetanhonorthere.C.Shewasintomedicalknowledge. D.Shewassenttherebyherparents.2.WhatdidVadadoafterfindingClintfeelingunwell?A.Shecalledhermomforhelp. B.Shehelpedtokeephimwarm.C.Shetoldhimtotakeashower. D.Shetookhisbodytemperature.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeVada?A.Skilledbutcareless. B.Creativeandheroic.C.Organizedbutimpatient. D.Caringandcool-headed.4.Whatdidtherescuer’swordsshowinparagraph5?A.VadadidagreatjobwithCPR.B.Clintwouldwakeupsoon.C.Clintrequiredanotherfollow-upvisit.D.Vadaneededtolearnmoreaboutfirstaid.【正确答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A【导语】本文讲述十一岁女孩Vada从小乐于助人，还在女童子军学会心肺复苏。某天父亲Clint突发心脏病，Vada及时拨打急救电话，并在指导下为父亲实施心肺复苏，为抢救赢得宝贵时间。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据首段“Vadahasalwaysenjoyedtakingcareofotherssinceshewasveryyoung…ItalsomakessensewhyshelearnedCPRinGirlScouts.(Vada从小就喜欢照顾他人……这也解释了她为什么要在女童子军学习心肺复苏)”可知，她学习心肺复苏是出于想要帮助他人。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HelayonthesofaandVadabroughthimthecovers.(他躺在沙发上，Vada给他拿来被子保暖)”可知，发现父亲身体不适后，她帮忙为父亲保暖。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Vadahasalwaysenjoyedtakingcareofotherssinceshewasveryyoung.(Vada自幼就一直乐于照顾他人。)”和第四段“Nervous,sherushedinandsawhimstrugglingtobreatheonthefloor,sheforcedherselftoremaincalmandcalled911.(她感到很紧张，急忙冲了进去，看到他在地板上艰难地呼吸着，她强迫自己保持冷静，并拨打了911。)”等内容可知，Vada从小照顾他人、危急时刻主动救助父亲，体现她心地善良乐于助人；事发时她保持冷静、沉着拨打急救电话并实施急救，体现她头脑冷静。D项caringandcool-headed符合人物形象。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段救援人员所说“Vadahasalreadydonethelife-savingpartandwe’retakingitfromtheretodoeverythingwecantohelphim.(救命的关键部分Vada已经完成，我们接手后续救治)”可知，这句话表明Vada的心肺复苏操作起到了关键作用，做得非常出色。BClimatechangeisreshapingourworldinunexpectedways,fromrisingtemperaturestodisruptedecosystems.Now,scientistswarnthatmeltingpolaricecapsareevenaffectinghowwekeeptrackoftime.ArecentstudyinNaturerevealsthattherapidmeltingofpolariceisslowingEarth’srotation(旋转).Asmeltwaterflowsintooceans,itcollectsaroundtheequator,theimaginarycircledividingtheearthintotwoequalparts.Theplanetgetsslightly“fatter”there,whichmakesEarthturnslowly,muchlikeaniceskaterslowingdownbystretchingoutherarmsduringaspin.Aslowerrotationmeanseachday—thetimeforonefullturnofEarth—getsabitlonger.Asaresult,thesundoesn’triseorsetexactlywhenweexpect,whichposesacriticalchallengetoglobaltimekeepingsystems.Modernlifereliesonultra-precisesynchronization(同步)acrosstechnologies.Financialmarkets,airtrafficcontrol,internetservers,andcommunicationnetworksdependonperfectlyalignedclocks.Evenatinytimingerrorcouldtriggerchaos.Toaddressthis,scientistsproposeintroducinganegativeleapsecondby2029.Thiswouldmakeclocksjumpfrom23:59:58straighttomidnight,skipping23:59:59,soourdevicescanmatchEarth’sactualrotation.GeophysicistDuncanAgnewfromtheScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyexplainedthisintheNaturepaper.However,thissolutioncomeswithrisks.Unlikepositiveleapseconds(addingasecond),whichhavebeenusedsince1972,negativeleapsecondshaveneverbeentested.ExpertslikephysicistJudahLevinewarnthatsoftwaredesignedtohandletimeadjustmentsmayfail.Pastissueshighlightthedanger:In2012,addingaleapsecondcrashedairlinebookingsystems,frozestockexchanges,anddisruptedmajorwebsiteslikeRedditandLinkedIn.Theseeventsshowhowfragileourtime-dependentworldis,andclimatechangeismakingitevenmorechallenging.5.WhichfactorisresponsibleforEarth’sslowerrotation?A.Icemassgatheringattheequator.B.Meltwatermovingtotheequator.C.Atmospherethickeningattheequator.D.Oceancurrentsintensifyingneartheequator.6.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheproposed“negativeleapsecond”?A.Itmaycausesystemfailures.B.Itisawidelyacceptedtimesolution.C.Itcausedamajorsystemcrashin2012.D.Ithasbeensuccessfullytestedsince1972.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheeffectsofclimatechangeontimekeeping?A.Concerned. B.Reserved. C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.8.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHistoryofLeapSecondsB.RisksinAdjustingGlobalClocksC.Climate’sSurprisingTestonTimeD.InnovationsinTimekeepingTechnologies【正确答案】5.B6.A7.A8.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化引发极地冰盖融化，融水涌向赤道使地球自转变慢，进而给全球计时系统带来挑战，科学家提议引入负闰秒解决该问题，但这一方案也存在系统故障的潜在风险，体现了气候变化对计时领域的意外影响。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第2段中“Asmeltwaterflowsintooceans,itcollectsaroundtheequator(随着融水流入海洋，这些水在赤道附近聚集)”和“Theplanetgetsslightly‘fatter’there,whichmakesEarthturnslowly(地球的赤道部位会变得稍微‘臃肿’，这就导致了地球自转速度变慢)”可知，是融水向赤道移动导致了地球自转变慢。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第5段中“ExpertslikephysicistJudahLevinewarnthatsoftwaredesignedtohandletimeadjustmentsmayfail(像物理学家犹大·莱文这样的专家警告称，为处理时间调整而设计的软件可能会出现故障)”可知，提议引入的“负闰秒”可能会引发系统故障。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第6段中“Theseeventsshowhowfragileourtime-dependentworldis,andclimatechangeismakingitevenmorechallenging(这些事件表明，我们这个依赖时间的世界是多么脆弱，而气候变化正让这一状况变得更具挑战性)”可知，作者对气候变化给计时带来的影响持担忧的态度。故选A。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第1段中“Now,scientistswarnthatmeltingpolaricecapsareevenaffectinghowwekeeptrackoftime(如今，科学家警告称，极地冰盖的融化甚至正影响着我们的计时方式)”以及全文围绕气候变化对全球计时系统的意外影响展开介绍可知，“气候对时间的意外考验”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。CPoliticiansoftenusehumortowinpublicsupport,butscientiststraditionallyavoidjokes,worriedthatalightheartedtonemightreducetheirauthorityand,consequently,thetrustworthinessoftheirfindings.Anewstudychallengesthisidea,showingthatwell-chosenhumorcanactuallymakescientistsmorelikableandtheirresearchmoretrustworthy.LedbyAlexandraLynnFrankfromtheUniversityofGeorgia,theresearchtestedhumor’sroleinsciencecommunicationthroughsocialmedia.Theteamcreatedpostsfromafictionalscientist,Dr.JamieDevon,sharingcartoonsaboutartificialintelligence(AI).Thesepostsusedthreehumorstyles:playfulcomparisons(likegivingrobotshumancharacteristics),meanjokesabouttechnology,oramixofboth.Somepostshadnohumorasacomparison.Over2,200participantsviewedthesepostsinanonlineexperiment.Theyratedhowfunnythecontentwas,howmuchtheylikedthescientist,andhowcredibletheinformationseemed.Resultsrevealedthatlight,positivehumor—suchasshowingAIasacuriousrobotaskingquestions—madethescientistfeelmoreapproachableandtheresearchmorereliable.However,meanorunfriendlyjokesreducedtrustinthescientist.“Humorhelpspeopleconnectwithscientists,”Frankexplained.“Whenwelaugh,we’remoreopentolistening.”Butshestressedthatjokesmustfeelnatural,adding,“Iftheaudiencedoesn’tfinditfunny,itcouldbackfire.”Forexample,playfulcartoonsworkedbetterthanmakingfunoftechfailures.Thestudyadvisesscientiststoavoidtoughjokestargetingindividuals.Instead,gentlehumorthatsimplifiescomplexideas—likecomparingclimatechangetotheEarthhavinga“fever”—canbuildinterestandfightmisinformation.WhilefocusedonAI,thesetipsapplytofieldslikehealthorenvironmentalscience.Intoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,humorcouldhelpscientistsstandoutonsocialmedia.Funnypostsmayattractmoreviewers,maketoughtopicseasiertounderstand,andbuildpublictrust.Thekeyisbalancingfunwithfacts:lightheartedjokesdon’tweakenauthoritybutcreatefriendly,memorableconnections.Frank’steamhopestheirfindingsencouragescientiststoexperimentwithhumor.Asoneparticipantnoted,“Ascientistwhojokesfeelsmorehuman—likesomeoneI’dtrust.”9.Whydothescientistsavoidusingjokesintheircommunication?A.Becausetheythinkthatusingjokeswastesresearchtime.B.Becausetheyareafraidthatjokesmightconfusethepublic.C.Becausetheyfearthatjokescouldmaketheirworkappearunreliable.D.Becausetheyareworriedthatjokesmightdistractfromscientificfacts.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backfire”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Beeffective. B.Makepeoplelaugh.C.Benatural. D.Havetheoppositeresult.11.Accordingtothestudy,whatkindofhumorisrecommendedforscientists?A.Jokesthattargetindividuals. B.Playfulcomparisonsandgentlejokes.C.Makingfunoftechnologyfailures. D.Usingcomplexideastocreatehumor.12.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheparticipant’scommentinFrank’steam?A.Theaudienceshouldtrustwhatscientistssay.B.Lightheartedjokesmakethepostseasiertomemorize.C.Frank’steamhassucceededincreatingarelaxedacademicatmosphere.D.Experimentswithappropriatefunninessactuallygaingreateracceptance.【正确答案】9.C10.D11.B12.D【导语】研究表明恰当温和的幽默能拉近科学家与公众距离、提升可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反，合适幽默还利于科普传播、收获大众认可。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Politiciansoftenusehumortowinpublicsupport,butscientiststraditionallyavoidjokes,worriedthatalightheartedtonemightreducetheirauthorityand,consequently,thetrustworthinessoftheirfindings.(政客常借助幽默博取公众支持，但科学家向来回避玩笑，担心轻松随意的语气会削弱自身权威，进而降低研究成果的可信度。)”可知，科学家不讲笑话是怕让研究成果显得不可靠。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段““Humorhelpspeopleconnectwithscientists,”Frankexplained.“Whenwelaugh,we’remoreopentolistening.”Butshestressedthatjokesmustfeelnatural,adding,“Iftheaudiencedoesn’tfinditfunny,itcouldbackfire.”(“幽默有助于拉近人们与科学家之间的距离，”弗兰克解释道。“当我们开怀大笑时，会更愿意倾听。”但她强调，玩笑必须自然得体，并补充道：“如果观众觉得并不好笑，反而可能backfire。”)”可知，前文讲述幽默对人们了解科学的好处，后文but表转折，这里指观众觉得不好笑会有反作用，所以猜测backfire表示“产生相反的不良后果”。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thestudyadvisesscientiststoavoidtoughjokestargetingindividuals.Instead,gentlehumorthatsimplifiescomplexideas—likecomparingclimatechangetotheEarthhavinga“fever”—canbuildinterestandfightmisinformation.WhilefocusedonAI,thesetipsapplytofieldslikehealthorenvironmentalscience.(这项研究建议科学家不要开针对个人的尖锐玩笑。相反，用温和幽默简化复杂概念，比如把气候变化比作地球“发烧”，能引发兴趣、抵制不实信息。这些建议虽针对人工智能领域，同样适用于健康、环境科学等领域。)”以及第三段“Resultsrevealedthatlight,positivehumor—suchasshowingAIasacuriousrobotaskingquestions—madethescientistfeelmoreapproachableandtheresearchmorereliable.(研究结果表明，轻松积极的幽默，比如把人工智能塑造成好奇发问的机器人形象，能让科学家显得更平易近人，也让科研成果显得更可信。)”可知，文章推荐使用趣味类比和温和善意的玩笑。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asoneparticipantnoted,‘Ascientistwhojokesfeelsmorehuman—likesomeoneI’dtrust.’(一位参与者说道：会开玩笑的科学家更有人情味，更值得信赖。)”可知，适度恰当的幽默尝试能让科学家获得大众更多认可与接纳。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’snow,morethanever,crucialtoadoptingalow-impactlifestylesinceallkindsofwaste,includingthatofthefashionindustry,arepilingupinlandfillswithastonishingspeed.___13___Thankfully,thefollowingtipscanhelpyoureduceclothingwaste.·Buyfewerclothesoverall.___14___It’samorecautiousapproachtoshoppingandconsumption(消费)ingeneral.Thinktwiceaboutwhatyouwillbuyandsaynotooverconsumption.Youcaneventryoutaminimalist(极简主义的)lifestyle.Shopforwhatyouneedonlywhennecessary,keepthingssimple,andgobacktobasics.·Shopforhigh-qualityclothing.High-qualityclothescancostmoreatfirstbutsaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.___15___Moreover,qualityclothescanmakeyoufeelmorecomfortableandconfident,improveyourfashionstyle,andhelpyoulookyourbest.·___16___Upcyclingisverybeneficialtotheplanetandyourbudget(预算).Insteadofthrowingoldclothesaway,usepartsoforentireoldclothestomakesomethingnewandmorevaluable.Youcanevencreatestylishanduniquepiecesofclothingbyupcycling.·Donateyourunwantedfashionitems.Doaquickonlinesearchforyourlocaloptionstodonateclothesthatarestillingoodcondition.Besuretocontactorganizationsfirstandaskthemwhattypeofclothestheyaccept.Youcandonateclothingtofor-profitcompaniesortohomelesssheltersandfamilyserviceagencies.___17___A.Repurposeyouroldclothes.B.Upcycleeverydayhouseholdobjects.C.Limityourfashionconsumptioninthefirstplace.D.Thrownclotheshavehadadisastrousimpactontheplanet.E.Theyaremorelikelytostayingoodconditionforalongtime.F.Heavycoatsandsweaterscangotoanimalsheltersinyourlocalarea.G.Reducingclothingwasteisnecessaryformakingfashionmoresustainable.【正确答案】13.D14.C15.E16.A17.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种减少服装浪费的方法。【13题详解】根据上文“It’snow,morethanever,crucialtoadoptingalow-impactlifestylesinceallkindsofwaste,includingthatofthefashionindustry,arepilingupinlandfillswithastonishingspeed.(现在，采取低影响的生活方式比以往任何时候都更加重要，因为包括时尚行业在内的各种废物正以惊人的速度堆积在垃圾填埋场)”和下文“Thankfully,thefollowingtipscanhelpyoureduceclothingwaste.(值得庆幸的是，下面的建议可以帮助你减少衣服浪费)”可推知，设空处应该是关于服装浪费的，并且和下文正好构成转折关系，D选项“丢弃的衣服对地球造成了灾难性的影响。”符合题意，故选D。【14题详解】根据本段主题句“Buyfewerclothesoverall.(少买衣服)”可知，本段主要介绍要少买衣服，再结合下文“It’samorecautiousapproachtoshoppingandconsumption(消费)ingeneral.Thinktwiceaboutwhatyouwillbuyandsaynotooverconsumption.(一般来说，这是一种更谨慎的购物和消费方式。三思而后行，对过度消费说不)”可推知，设空处应是少买衣服的具体做法，C选项“首先要限制你的时尚消费。”符合本段主旨，紧密连接下完，故选C。【15题详解】根据上文“High-qualityclothescancostmoreatfirstbutsaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.(高质量的衣服一开始可能会贵一些，但从长远来看会帮你省钱)”以及下文“Moreover,qualityclothescanmakeyoufeelmorecomfortableandconfident,improveyourfashionstyle,andhelpyoulookyourbest.(此外，高质量的衣服可以让你感觉更舒适和自信，提高你的时尚风格，并帮助你看起来最好)”可知，设空处应该购买高质量衣服的好处，E选项“它们更有可能长时间保持良好状态。”符合题意，与上下文衔接恰当，故选E。【16题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Upcyclingisverybeneficialtotheplanetandyourbudget(预算).Insteadofthrowingoldclothesaway,usepartsoforentireoldclothestomakesomethingnewandmorevaluable.Youcanevencreatestylishanduniquepiecesofclothingbyupcycling.(升级回收对地球和你的预算都非常有益。不要把旧衣服扔掉，而是用旧衣服的一部分或整件来制作更有价值的新衣服。你甚至可以通过升级回收来制作时尚而独特的衣服)”可知，本段主要讲升级改造或者回收利用旧衣服，A选项“重新利用旧衣服。”符合本段主旨大意，故选A。【17题详解】根据本段主题句“Donateyourunwantedfashionitems.(捐赠你不想要的时尚物品)”可知，本段介绍捐赠不想要的衣服，再结合空前“Youcandonateclothingtofor-profitcompaniesortohomelesssheltersandfamilyserviceagencies.(你可以把衣服捐赠给营利性公司或无家可归者收容所和家庭服务机构)”可推知，设空处继续讲捐赠衣服的一些事情，F选项“厚外套和毛衣可以送到你当地的动物收容所。”符合题意，承接上文，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分47.5分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesunnyafternoon,agirlnamedBiancaandherdadwereenjoyingaboattriponthewater.Theirpeacefultimetookasuddenturnwhenthey___18___somethingunusual—amassoffishingnettingfloatingnearby.Astheygot___19___,theywereshockedtoseeaseaturtletrappedinthenetting,___20___tobreakfree.Without___21___,theydecidedtorescueit.Bianca’sdad___22___theboatalongsidethenettingandreacheddowntoholdit.Hepulledouta___23___andcarefullycutthenettingtrappingtheturtle.Theturtle,___24___andconfused,frozeforamoment,unsurewhetherthestrangermeantharm.Bianca’sdadworkedslowlyandgently,makingsurenotto___25___theturtlewiththeknife.After___26___throughseverallayersofthenetting,hefinallyfreedtheanimalfromit.Heliftedtheturtleintotheboatto____27____forinjuries.Seeingitwasunharmed,hecarriedittotheothersideoftheboatand____28____itintothewater.Theturtlehesitatedforamoment,andthenswamaway____29____afteragentlepushfromBianca’sdad.Biancaandherdadoftenhelpsealife____30____,thoughtheyrarelyrecordtheserescues.Everyyear,____31____peoplelikethemsavecountlessseacreaturesfromdangerslikeoldnetsandlitter.It’sa____32____thateveryonecandotheirparttokeepourwaterwaysclean.18.A.heard B.made C.mentioned D.spotted19.A.closer B.stronger C.lazier D.lighter20.A.refusing B.happening C.struggling D.pretending21.A.regret B.permission C.wisdom D.hesitation22.A.guided B.cleaned C.repaired D.equipped23.A.boat B.knife C.map D.tooth24.A.patient B.determined C.scared D.curious25.A.record B.hurt C.transport D.show26.A.cutting B.passing C.looking D.living27.A.claim B.hide C.check D.feed28.A.stuck B.lowered C.poured D.folded29.A.secretly B.unwillingly C.helplessly D.quickly30.A.undertreatment B.onguard C.introuble D.atrest31.A.kind B.generous C.famous D.honest32.A.shame B.reminder C.rule D.joke【正确答案】18.D19.A20.C21.D22.A23.B24.C25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述比安卡和爸爸在乘船时发现一只被困在渔网中的海龟，两人合力将其解救，以此体现善良之人对海洋生物的守护，呼吁人们守护水域清洁。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现异常情况时，平静的时光突然发生了转变——附近漂浮着一大片渔网。A.heard听到；B.made制作；C.mentioned提及；D.spotted发现。根据前文“Onesunnyafternoon,agirlnamedBiancaandherdadwereenjoyingaboattriponthewater.”以及后文“somethingunusual—amassoffishingnettingfloatingnearby”可知，两人在船上“发现”了漂浮的渔网，符合“乘船观察周围环境”的场景逻辑。故选D项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们靠近时，震惊地发现一只海龟被困在渔网中，奋力挣扎想要挣脱。A.closer更近的；B.stronger更强壮的；C.lazier更懒的；D.lighter更轻的。根据后文“theywereshockedtoseeaseaturtletrappedinthenetting”可知，只有“靠近”后才能看清渔网中困住了海龟，“getcloser”意为“靠近”。故选A项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们靠近时，震惊地发现一只海龟被困在渔网中，奋力挣扎想要挣脱。A.refusing拒绝；B.happening发生；C.struggling挣扎；D.pretending假装。根据前文“trappedinthenetting”和后文“tobreakfree”可知，海龟应是在“奋力挣扎”，“struggletodosth.”意为“努力/挣扎着做某事”。故选C项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们毫不犹豫地决定解救它。A.regret后悔；B.permission允许；C.wisdom智慧；D.hesitation犹豫。根据后文“theydecidedtorescueit”和前文“theywereshockedtoseeaseaturtletrappedinthenetting,___3___tobreakfree”可知，海龟被困，他们决定解救它，由此可知，在紧急情况下，两人应是没有“犹豫”，立刻决定施救，“withouthesitation”意为“毫不犹豫”。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比安卡的爸爸将船驶到渔网旁边，伸手抓住渔网。A.guided驾驶、引导；B.cleaned清理；C.repaired修理；D.equipped配备。根据后文“theboatalongsidethenetting”可知，为了施救，爸爸需要将船“驾驶”到渔网旁边。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿出一把刀，小心翼翼地割开困住海龟的渔网。A.boat船；B.knife刀；C.map地图；D.tooth牙齿。根据后文“makingsurenotto___8___theturtlewiththeknife.”可知，此处是指用刀割断渔网。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只海龟既害怕又困惑，愣了一会儿，不确定这个陌生人是否有恶意。A.patient耐心的；B.determined坚定的；C.scared害怕的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“confused,frozeforamoment,unsurewhetherthestrangermeantharm”可知，海龟看上去困惑，愣了一会儿，不确定这个陌生人是否有恶意，由此可推断，海龟处于“害怕”的状态，与“confused”并列体现其复杂心情。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比安卡的爸爸动作缓慢而轻柔，确保不会用刀伤到海龟。A.record记录；B.hurt伤害；C.transport运输；D.show展示。根据前文“workedslowlyandgently”可知，爸爸的小心是为了不“伤到”海龟。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：割开好几层渔网后，他终于把这只动物从渔网中解救了出来。A.cutting切割；B.passing通过；C.looking看；D.living居住。根据前文“carefullycutthenetting”可知，此处指持续“切割”渔网，最终解救海龟，“cutthrough”意为“割穿、切开”。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把海龟举到船上检查是否受伤。A.claim声称；B.hide隐藏；C.check检查；D.feed喂养。根据后文“Seeingitwasunharmed”可知，将海龟举到船上是为了“检查”伤情，“checkforinjuries”意为“检查是否受伤”。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它没有受伤，他把它带到船的另一边，放进水里。A.stuck卡住；B.lowered放下、降下；C.poured倾倒；D.folded折叠。根据前文“liftedtheturtleintotheboat”和后文“intothewater”可知，把海龟举到船上，需要将海龟“慢慢放下”到水中，“lower”体现动作的轻柔，符合保护动物的细节。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：海龟犹豫了一会儿，在比安卡爸爸的轻轻一推之后，很快游走了。A.secretly秘密地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.helplessly无助地；D.quickly快速地。根据前文“Seeingitwasunharmed”和“afteragentlepush”可知，海龟摆脱危险后应是“快速地”游走，回归自然。故选D项。【30题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：比安卡和她的爸爸经常帮助遇到困难的海洋生物，尽管他们很少记录这些救援行动。A.undertreatment接受治疗；B.onguard警惕；C.introuble陷入困境；D.atrest休息。根据语境和前文“theywereshockedtoseeaseaturtletrappedinthenetting”可知，本文介绍的是解救被困海龟的经历，由此可知，他们帮助的是“陷入困境”的海洋生物，“sealifeintrouble”意为“遇到困难的海洋生物”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年，像他们这样善良的人从旧渔网和垃圾等危险中拯救了无数海洋生物。A.kind善良的；B.generous慷慨的；C.famous著名的；D.honest诚实的。根据后文“peoplelikethemsavecountlessseacreaturesfromdangerslikeoldnetsandlitter.”可知，人们从危险中拯救无数海洋生物，由此可知，这些人是“善良的”，符合救助动物的品格描述。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这提醒着我们，每个人都可以尽自己的一份力来保持水道清洁。A.shame羞耻；B.reminder提醒；C.rule规则；D.joke玩笑。根据后文“everyonecandotheirparttokeepourwaterwaysclean”可知，每个人都可以尽自己的一份力来保持水道清洁，由此可知，比安卡和爸爸的故事是一种“提醒”，呼吁人们保护水域环境，符合文章主旨。故选B项。第二节词汇运用（共三部分，满分32.5分）Part1语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ScientistsinFloridahave___33___(successful)grownplantsinmoonsoilcollectedduringNASA’sApollomissions(任务)inthe1960sand1970s.___34___NASA-supportedstudyattheUniversityofFloridausedsoilcollectedbyastronauts___35___(grow)ThaleCress2(拟南芥).Tocompareresults,plantswerealsogrowninEarthsoil___36___wasmadetobesimilartomoonsoil.Theresearchers___37___(add)waterandthenseedstothesoil,aswellasdailynutrients(营养物).Afterjusttwodays,theirgrowthstarted.AccordingtoProfessorAnna-LisaPaul,alltheplantslookedthesame___38___thesixthday.Afterthesixthday,___39___,itwasclearthattheplantsgrowinginmoonsoilwerenotashealthyasthosegrowinginEarthsoil.DNAtestingshowedthatthoseThaleCress2___40___(plant)inthemoonsoilwereunderstress.Itwasalsofoundthattheplantsgrewindifferentwaysinsoilfromdifferentpartsofthemoon.ThesoilcollectedduringtheApollo11missionhadbeenonthemoon’ssurfaceseveralbillionyears___41___(long)thantheothersoil,andtheplantsgrowninitweretheweakest.NASAAdministratorBillNelsonbelievesthisresearchwillhelpfuturecemissionsandthatresourcesonthemoonandMars____42____(need)todevelopfoodforastronautslivingandworkingince.【正确答案】33.successfully34.A35.togrow36.that##which37.added38.until39.however40.planted41.longer42.willbeneeded【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家用来自月球的土壤种植植物的相关情况。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：佛罗里达州的科学家们已经成功地在美国宇航局20世纪60年代和70年代阿波罗任务期间收集的月球土壤中种植了植物。修饰动词havegrown需用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。【34题详解】考查冠词。句意：美国宇航局支持的佛罗里达大学的一项研究使用宇航员收集的土壤来种植拟南芥2号。study意为“研究”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且NASA-supported发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。【35题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。usesth.todosth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填togrow。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了比较结果，植物也生长在与月球土壤相似的地球土壤中。空处引导定语从句，先行词是soil，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。【37题详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究人员向土壤中加入水和种子，以及日常营养物。空处在句中作谓语，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填added。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：根据Anna-LisaPaul教授的说法，所有的植物在第六天之前看起来都是一样的。此处表示直到第六天，所有的植物看起来都一样。此处应用until表示“直到……为止”。故填until。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，第六天之后，很明显，在月球土壤中生长的植物不如在地球土壤中生长的植物健康。上文提到“所有的植物在第六天之前看起来都是一样的”，下文提到“第六天之后，很明显，在月球土壤中生长的植物不如在地球土壤中生长的植物健康”，上下文之间为转折关系，需用副词however。故填however。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：DNA测试表明，种植在月球土壤中的拟南芥2号受到了压力。空处在句中作后置定语修饰ThaleCress2，plant和ThaleCress2为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填planted。【41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：阿波罗11号任务期间收集的土壤在月球表面的时间比其他土壤长几十亿年，其中生长的植物是最脆弱的。根据than可知，此处需用形容词比较级。故填longer。【42题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：美国宇航局局长比尔·纳尔逊认为，这项研究将有助于未来的太空任务，月球和火星上的资源将为在太空生活和工作的宇航员开发食物。分析句子结构可知，此处为that引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词，根据上文中的“willhelp”和“and”可知，此处应用一般将来时，且宾语从句的主语“resourcesonthemoonandMars”与动词need之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填willbeneeded。Part2根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分。注意：必须使用选必二U4-U5和选必三U1-U2所学词汇）根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）43.Diffe