化工常用英语词汇

化工专业英语词汇

一、化工装置常用词汇

一概论introduction

方案（建议书）proposal

可行性探讨feasibilitystudy

方案设计conceptdesign

工艺设计processdesign

基础设计basicdesign

具体设计detaildesign

开工会议kick-offmeeting

审核会议reviewmeeting

外商投资foreigninvestment

中外合资jointventure

中外合营jointventure

补偿贸易compensationtrade

合同合同附件contract

卖万vendor

买方buyer

顾客client

承包商contractor

工程公司company

供应范围scopeofsupply

生产范围productionscope

生产实力productioncapacity

项目project

界区batterylimit

装置plant

公用工程utilities

工艺流程图processflowdiagram

工艺流程方块图processblockdiagram

管道与仪表流程图pipingandinstrumentdrawing

物料与热量平衡图mass&heatbalancediagram

蒸汽与冷凝水平衡图steam&condensatebalance

diagram

设备布置图equipmentlayout

设备表equipmentlist

成品（产品）product(finalproduct)

副产品by-product

原料raw-material

设计基础数据basicdatafordesign

技术数据technicaldata

数据表datasheet

设计文件designdocument

设计规定designregulation

现场服务siteservice

项目变更projectchange

用户变更clientchange

消耗定额consumptionquota

技术转让technicaltransfer

技术学问technicalknow-how

technicalknowledge

技术保证technicalguarantee

询问服务consultativeservices

技术服务technicalservices

工作地点location

施工现场constructionfield

报价quotation

标书biddingbook

公司利润companyprofit

固定价合同fixedpricecontract

固定单价合同fixedunitpricecontract

成本加酬金合同costplusawardfeecontract

定金mobilization

银行保证书bankguaranteeletter

保留金retention

所得税incometaxes

特殊承包人税specialcontractor，staxes

城市和市政税cityandmunicipaltaxes

工作手册workmanual

工作流程图workflowdiagram

质量保证程序QA/QCprocedures

选购安排procurementplan

施工安排constructionplan

施工进度constructionschedule

项目实施安排projectexecutionplan

项目协调程序projectcoordinationprocedure

项目总进度安排projectmasterschedule

设计网络安排engineeringnetworklogic

项目质量保证projectqualityassurance

项目质量限制projectqualitycontrol

选购procurement

选购周期procurementperiod

会签thesquadcheck

计算书calculationsheets

询价inquiry

检验inspection

运输transportation

开车startup/commission

验收inspection&acceptance

校核check

审核review

审定approve

版次version

部门department

专业specialty,

项目号projectnumber

图号drawingnumber

书目contents

序言foreword

章chapter

节section

项item

MRmaterialrequisition

SPECengineeringspecification

DATASHEET（技术表）technicaldatasheet

TBA（技术评标）technicalbidanalysis

PDPpreliminarydesignpackage

PM（项目经理）projectmanager

LDE（专业负责人）leaddisciplineengineer

MRQ（材料询价单）Materialrequisitionfor

quotation

MRP（材料选购单）materialrequisitionfor

purchase

BEP（基础工程设计包）basicengineeringpackage

P&ID（管道与仪表流程图）pipingandinstrunient

drawing（diagram）

PFDprocessflowdiagram

NNFnormallynoflow

FOfailureopen

FCfailureclose

C/S/Acivil/structure/architecture

DDP（具体设计阶段）detaildesignphase

二、工艺流程

连续过程continuousprocess

间歇过程batchprocess

工艺叙述processdescription

工艺特点processfeature

操作operation

反应reaction

副反应sidereaction

絮凝flocculation

浮洗flotation

倾析decantation

催化反应catalyticaireaction

萃取extraction

中和neutralization

水解hydrolysis

过滤filtration

干燥drying

还原reduction

氧化oxidation

氢化hydrogenation

分解decomposition

离解dissociation

合成synthetics

汲取absorption

吸附adsorption

解吸desorption

结晶crystallization

溶解solution

调整modulate

限制control

悬浮suspension

循环circulation

再生regeneration

再活化reactivation

沥取leaching

破裂crushing

煨烧caloination

沉降sedimentation

沉淀precipitation

气化gasification

冷冻refrigeration

固化、结晶solidification

包装package

升华sublimation

燃烧combustion

引烧ignition

蒸播distillation

碳化carbonization

压缩compression

三、化学物质与特性

固体solid

液体liquid

气体gas

化合物compound

混合物mixture

粉powder

片状粉未flake

小粒granule

结晶crystal

乳化物emulsion

氧化物oxidizingagent

还原剂reducingagent

有机物organicmaterial

真空vacuum

母液masterliquor

富液richliquor

贫液leanliquor

萃出物extract

萃余物raffinate

絮凝剂flocculants

冷冻盐水brine

酸度acidity

浓度concentration

碱度alkalinity

溶解度solubility

凝固点solidificalionpoint

沸点boilingpoint

熔点meltingpoint

蒸发率evaporationrate

粘度viscosity

吸水的waterabsorbent(a)

无水的anhydrous(a)

外观appearance

无色的colorless(a)

透亮的transparent(a)

半透亮的translucent

密度density

比重specificgravity

催化剂catalyst

燃烧combustion

引燃ignition

自然点self-ignitiontemperature

可燃气体combustiblegas

可燃液体inflammableliquid

易燃液体volatileliquid

爆炸混合物explosivemixture

爆炸性环境explosiveatmosphere(environment)

爆炸极限explosiveconcentration1imit

废水wastewater

废液wasteliquid

废气off-gas

噪声noisepollution

成分composition

挠度deflection

力和力矩forceandmoment

弯矩bendingmoment

应力-应变曲线stress-straindiagram

百分比percentage

环境温度ambienttemperature

工作温度operating

设计温度designtemperature(pressure)

相对湿度RH二relativehumidity

油渣、淤泥sludge

杂质impurity

四、化工设备

泵pump

轴流泵axialflowpump

真空泵vacuumpump

屏蔽泵cannedpump

柱塞泵plungerpump

涡轮泉turbinepump

涡流泵vortexpump

离心泵centrifugalpump

喷射泵jetpump

转子泵rotarypump

管道泵inlinepump

双作用往复泵doubleactionreciprocatingpump

计量泵meteringpump

深井泵deepwellpump

齿轮泵gearpump

手摇泵hand(wobb1e)pump

螺杆泵screw(spiral)pump

潜水泵submersiblepump

斜转子泵inclinedrotorpump

封闭式电磁泵hermeticallysealedmagneticdrive

pump

气升泵air-lift-pump

轴承bearing

叶轮impeller

虹吸管siphon

高压容器highpressurevessel

焚化炉incinerator

火焰清除器flamearrester

工业炉furnace

烧嘴burner

锅炉boiler

回转窑rotarykiln

加热器heater

电加热器electricheater

冷却器cooler

冷凝器condenser

换热器heatexchanger

反应器reactor

蒸储釜still

搅拌器agitator

混合器mixer

静态混合器staticmixers

管道混合器linemixers

混合槽mixingtanks

破裂机crusher

磨碎机grinder

研磨机pulverizer

球磨机ballmi11

过滤器filter

分别器separator

干燥器drier

翅片fins

烟囱stack

火炬flare

筛子screen

燃烧窑calciner

倾析器decanter

蒸发器evaporator

再沸器reboiler

萃取器extractor

离心机centrifuger

吸附（收）器adsorber

结晶器crystal1izer

电解槽electrolyzer

电除尘器electricprecipitator

洗涤器scrubber

消石灰器slaker

料仓bin

料斗hopper

加料器feeder

增稠器thickener

澄清器clarifier

分级器classifier

浮洗器flocculator

废液池sump

喷射器ejector

喷头sprayer

成套设备packageunit

仪器设备apparatus

附属设备accessory

旋转式压缩机rotarycompressor

往复式压缩机reciprocatingcompressor

水环式压缩机nashcompressor

螺杆式压缩机helicalscrewcompressor

离心式压缩机centrifugalcompressor

多级压缩机mutiplestagescompressor

固定床反应器fixedbedreactor

流化床反应器fluidizedbedreactor

管式反应器tubularreactor

列管式换热器tubularheatexchanger

螺旋板式换热器spiralplateheatexchanger

萃取塔extractioncolumn

板式塔platecolumn

填料塔packedcolumn

洗涤塔scrubber

汲取塔absorber

冷却塔coolingtower

精储塔fractionatingtower

汽提塔stripper

再生塔regenerator

造粒塔prilltower

塔附件toweraccessories

液体安排（布）器liquiddistributor

填料支持板supportplate

定距管spacer

降液管downcomer

升气管chimney

顶（底）层塔盘top(bottom)tray

挡板baffle

抽出口drawnozzle

溢流堰weir

泡罩bubblecap

筛板sieveplate

浮阀floatvalve

除沫器demisterpad

塔裙座skirt

椭圆封头ellipticalhead

高位槽headtank

中间槽intermediatetank

加料槽feedtank

补给槽make-uptank

计量槽measuringtank

电解槽cell

溜槽chute

收集槽collectingtank

液滴分别器knockoutdrum

稀释罐thinningtank

缓冲罐surgedrum

回|流罐refluxdrum

闪蒸罐flashdrum

浮顶罐floatingrooftank

内浮顶罐coveredfloatingrooftank

球罐spheroid

气柜,sholder

湿式气柜wetgas-holder

干式气柜drygas-holder

螺旋式气柜helicalgas-holder

星型放料器，旋转展rotaryvalve

抽滤器mutchefilter

压滤器filterpress

压滤机pressurefilter

板框压滤器plate-and-framfilterpress

转鼓过滤器rotarydrumfilter

带式过滤器beltfilter

翻盘式过滤器

袋滤器bagfilter

旋风分别器cycloneseparator

盘式干燥箱compartmenttraydrier

真空干燥器vacuumdrier

隧道式干燥器tunneldrier

回|转干燥器rotarydrier

穿流循环干燥器throughcirculationdrier

喷雾干燥器spraydrier

气流干燥器pneumaticconveyordrier

圆盘式加料器dishfeeder

螺旋式加料器screwfeeder

颗式破裂机jawcrusher

RI转破裂机gyratorycrusher

滚洞破裂机rollcrusher

锤式破裂机hammercrusher

冲击破裂机rotorimpactbreaker

气流喷射粉碎机jetpulverizer

棍磨机rodmill

雷蒙机raymondmill

锤磨机hammermill

辐磨机rollermill

振动筛vibratingscreen

回转筛rotaryscreen

风机fan

罗茨鼓风机root'sblower

起重机crane

桥式起重机bridgecrane

电动葫芦motorhoist

发电机generator

电动机motor

汽轮机steamturbine

五、管道工程pipingengineering

1阀门valve

阀杆stem

内螺纹阀杆insidescrew

阀座valveseat(bodyseat)

阀座环、密封圈sealingring

阀芯（包括密封圈，杆等）trim

阀盘disc

阀体body

阀盖bonnet

手轮handwheel

手柄handlevel(handle)

压盖gland

闸阀gatevalve

平行双闸板doublediscparallelseat

楔形单闸板splitwedge

截止阀globevalve

节流阀throttlevalve

针阀needlevalve

角阀（角式截止阀）anglevalve

Y型阀（截止阀）Y-valve(Y-bodyglobevalve)

球阀ballvalve

三通球阀3-wayballvalve

蝶阀butterflyvalve

对夹式（薄片型）wafertype

偏心阀板蝶阀offsetdisc(eccentric)butterfly

valve

斜阀盘蝶阀canteddiscbutterflyvalve

连杆式蝶阀linkbutterflyvalve

止回式蝶阀combinednon-returnbutterflyvalve

柱塞阀pistontypevalve

旋塞阀plugvalve

三通旋塞阀three-wayplugvalve

四通旋塞阀four-wayplugvalve

旋塞cock

衬套旋塞sleevecock

隔膜阀diaphragmvalve

橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubberlineddiaphragmvalve

直通式隔膜阀straightwaydiaphragmvalve

夹紧式胶管阀pinchvalve

止回阀checkvalve

升降式止回阀liftcheckvalve

旋启式止回阀swingcheckvalve

落球式止回阀ballcheckvalve

弹簧球式止回阀springballcheckvalve

底阀footvalve

切断式止回阀stopcheckvalve

活塞式止回阀pistoncheckvalve

翻板止回阀flapcheckvalve

蝶式止回阀butterflycheckvalve

平安泄气阀safety[SV]

平安泄放阀reliefvalve"RV]

平安泄压阀safetyreliefvalve

杠杆重锤式leverandweighttype

罐底排污阀flush-bottomtankvalve

水纹管密封阀bellowsealedvalve

电磁阀solenoid(operated)valve

电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated

valve

气动阀pneumaticoperatedvalve

低温用阀cryogenicservicevalve

蒸汽疏水阀steamtrap

机械式疏水阀mechanicaltrap

浮桶式疏水阀open(top)buckettrap

浮球式疏水阀floattrap

倒吊桶式疏水阀invertedbuckettrap

自由浮球式疏水阀loosefloattrap

恒温式疏水阀thermostatictrap

压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balancedpressure

thermostatictrap

热动力式疏水阀thermodynamictrap

脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulsesteamtrap

放汽阀（自动放汽展）(automatic)airventvalve

换向阀diverting(reversing)valve

呼吸阀breathervalve

减压阀pressurereducingvalve

限制阀controlvalve

执行机构actuator

差压调整阀differentialpressureregulating

valve

切断阀block(shut-off,stop)valve

调整阀regulatingvalve

快开阀quickopeningvalve

快闭阀quickclosingvalve

隔断阀isolatingvalve

三通阀threewayvalve

夹套阀jacketedvalve

非旋转式阀non-rotaryvalve

2管子,管件,法兰

管子pipe（按标准制造的配管用管）

tube（不按标准规格制造的其它用管）

钢管Steelpipe

铸铁管castironpipe

衬里管linedpipe

复合管cladpipe

碳钢管carbonsteel[C.S.]pipe

合金钢管alloysteelpipe

不锈钢管stainlesssteel[S.S.]pipe

奥氏体不锈钢管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe

铁合金钢管ferriticalloysteelpipe

轧制钢管wrought-steeipipe

锻铁管wrought-ironpipe

无缝钢管seamless[SMLS]steelpipe

焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe

电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-weldedsteel

pipe

电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded

steel-platepipe

螺旋焊接钢管spiralweldedsteelpipe

镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe

排污阀blowdownvalve

集液排放阀dripvalve

排液阀drainvalve

放空阀ventvalve

卸载阀unloadingvalve

排出阀dischargevalve

吸入阀suctionvalve

取样阀samplingvalve

手动阀handoperated(manually-operated)valve

（水）龙头bibb;bib;faucer

抽出液阀（小阀）bleedvalve

旁路阀by-passvalve

软管阀hosevalve

混合阀mixingvalve

破真空阀vacuumbreaker

冲洗阀flushvalve

根部阀root(primary,header)valve

水煤气钢管water-gassteelpipe

塑料管plasticpipe

玻璃管glasstube

橡胶管rubbertube

壁厚wallthickness[WT]

壁厚系列号schedulenumber[SCH.NO._

加厚的，加强的extraheavy(strong)

双倍加厚的，双倍加强的doubleextraheavy

(strong)

弯头elbow

异径弯头reducingelbow

长半径弯头longradiuselbow

短半径弯头shortradiuselbow

长半径180°弯头longradiusreturn

短半径180。弯头shortradiusreturn

三通tee

异径三通reducingtee

等径三通straighttee

带支座三通basetee

45°斜三通45°lateral

Y型三通true〃口Y〃

四通cross

异径管reducer

同心异径管concentricreducer

偏心异径管eccentricreducer

管接头coupling;fullcoupling

活接头union

短管nipple

预制弯管fabricatedpipebend

L•型弯管"bend

法兰端flangedend

万向接头universaljoint

对焊的buttwelded[BW]

螺纹的threaded[THD]

承插焊的socketwelded[SW]

法兰flange[FLG]

整体管法兰integralpipeflange

钢管法兰steelpipeflange

螺纹法兰threadedflange

滑套法兰slip-onflange

平焊法兰slip-on-weldingflange

承插焊法兰socketweldingflange

松套法兰lapjointflange[LJF]

对焊法兰weldneckflange[WNF]

法兰盖blindflange;blind

异径法兰reducingflange

压力级pressurerating(class)

突面raisedface[RF]

凸面maleface

凹面femaleface

全平面;满平面flatface;fullface[FF]

3.管道特殊件pipingspeciality

粗滤器strainer

过滤器filter

临时过滤器temporarystrainer(conetype)

Y型过滤器Y-typestrainer

T型过滤器T-typestrainer

永久过滤器permanentfilter

洗眼器与淋浴器eyewasherandshower

视镜sightglass

阻火器flamearrester

喷咀;喷头spraynozzle

喷射器ejector

取样冷却器samplecooler

消音器silencer

膨胀节expansionjoint

水纹膨胀节bellow

补偿器compensator

软管接头hoseconnection[HC]

快速接头quickcoupling

金属软管metalhose

橡胶管rubberhose

挠性管flexibletube

特殊法兰specialflange

漏斗funnel

8字盲板spectacle(figure8)blind

爆破板rupturedisk

4,其它材料

碳素钢carbonsteel[C.S.]

不锈钢stainlesssteel[S.S.]

铸铁castiron[C.I.]

铝aluminum

铜,紫铜copper

钛titanium

抗拉强度tensilestrength

非金属材料non-metal1icmaterial

塑料plastic

陶瓷ceramic

搪瓷porcelainenamel

玻璃glass

橡胶rubber

垫片gasket[GSKT]

平垫片flatgasket

填料packing

型钢shapedsteel

角钢anglesteel

槽钢channel

工字钢I-beam

宽缘工字钢或H钢wideflangedbeam

扁钢flatbar

圆钢roundsteel;rod

钢带strapsteel

网络钢板checkeredplate

材料表billofmaterial-BOM]

材料统计materialtake-off[MTO]

散装材料bulkmaterial

综合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterial

summary

sheet[CPMSS]

汇总表summarysheet

5.设备布置与管道设计

中心线centerline

装置边界boundarylimit'BL]

区界area1imit

设备布置equipmentarrangement(layout);plot

plan

标高,立面elevation[EL]

支撑点pointofsupport'POS]

工厂北向plantnorth

方位orientation

危急区hazardousare