Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy 单元词汇详解- 高一英语牛津译林版必修第二册

牛津英语词汇详解必修第二册Unit2Besporty,behealthyWordlistsSupportivesentences1.soccer/ˈsɒkə(r)/n.（美）足球运动（15）【原句背诵】Q:Whatdosoccerplayersandmagicianshaveincommon?A:Bothdohat-tricks!2.bat/bæt/n.蝙蝠；球棒，球板vt.&vi.用球棒（板）击球（15）【原句背诵】Q:Whatanimalisbestathittingbaseball?A:Abat!3.skydiving/ˈskaɪdaɪvɪŋ/n.跳伞运动（15）【原句背诵】Q:Whatisthehardestpartaboutskydiving?A:Theground!4.congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺（16）【原句背诵】Youwanttostartdoingexercise?Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!【拓展】aletterofcongratulation贺信tooffer/sendyourcongratulationstosb向某人致以祝贺congratulatevt.祝贺；恭喜；庆贺congratulatesb.on/upon/for(doing)sthg.因（做某事祝贺某人）【误区】表示“祝贺；恭喜”时，congratulation常用复数形式。I’mgladtogettogethertoofferourcongratulationsonyoursuccessinthecompetition.我很高兴我们能聚在一起祝贺你在比赛中获胜。Congratulationsonyourexamresults!祝贺你考出了好成绩！Pleaseallowmetocongratulateyouwithallmyheartonyourgreatachievement.请允许我衷心地祝贺你获得非凡的成就。5.assumevt.假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露（16）6.dowonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用（16）【原句背诵】Mostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforyourbodyandmind—butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?【拓展】assume(that)…假设/认为……Itisassumedthat….人们认为……assumptionn.假定；假设；担任anassumptionthat…假定……（that引导同位语从句）【误区】assuming用作连词时，意思是“假定；假设”。Ihopetogotocollegenextyear,alwaysassumingIpassmyexams.我希望明年上大学，当然是在我通过考试的前提下。Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehiddenwithinthework.在进行艺术批评时，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着秘密信息。Everyonemustassumehisshareoftheresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.每个人都必须承担起保护环境的责任。Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。Whichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentrelies?下列哪项是论点所依赖的假设？【链接高考】（2014安徽卷）So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.所以，我们假设历史建筑对大多数人来说都是有吸引力和重要的。（2013江苏卷）Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdecompression.当他开始研究时，他认为在较年轻的化石中，减压病的迹象会更罕见，这反映了它们应对减压措施的逐渐演变。7.lung/lʌŋ/n.肺（16）8.overthelongterm长期（16）【原句背诵】Tostartwith,physicalactivityincreasestheefficiencyofyourheartandlungs.Duringexercise,yourheartandlungsmustworkharder.Thisextraeffortmakesthemgrowstrongeroverthelongterm.【拓展】intheshortterm从短期来看；就眼前来说inthelongterm从长远来看intermsof依据；按照；在…方面；以…措词Inthelongterm,IamoptimisticaboutChina'sconsumptiongrowth.从长远来看，我对中国消费增长持乐观态度。Thejobisgreatintermsofsalary,butithasitsdisadvantages.就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。【链接高考】（2020全国卷III）Only6percentofthebiggestUScitieshavefactoredthemintotheirlong-termplanning.只有6%的美国大城市将其纳入了长期规划。（2014江苏卷）Foreconomists,everydecisionismadebyknowledgeofwhatonemustforgo—intermsofmoneyandenjoyment—inordertotakeitup.对经济学家来说，每个决定都是基于一个人知道必须放弃什么——金钱和享受——以便接受它。（2012上海卷）Intermsofeverydaybehavior，theUCLAstudyfoundthatwomenarefarmorelikelythanmentoseeksocialcontactwhentheyarefeelingstressed.在日常行为方面，加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究发现，当女性感到压力时，她们比男性更有可能寻求社会接触。9.tend/tend/vi.往往会；趋向vt.照看（16）10.*immune/ɪˈmjuːn/adj.有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的（16）11.disease/dɪˈziːz/n.病，疾病（16）【原句背诵】Ithasalsobeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.【拓展】tendtodosthg.易于做某事tendto/towardssthg.有……的趋势；倾向于……tend(to)sb./sthg.照顾/照看某人/某物tendencyn.趋势；偏好；倾向haveatendencytodo(for)sthg.倾向于做……Whenweareunderstressourbodiestendtotenseup.当我们处在压力之下时，我们的身体往往会绷紧。Obesepeopletendtohavehigherbloodpressurethanleanpeople.肥胖的人往往比瘦人血压高。Priceshavetendeddownwardsoverrecentyears.近年来物价趋于下降。Doctorsandnursestendedtheinjured.医生和护士护理受伤者。ThereisatendencyforCovid19pandemictoruningroups.冠状病毒易在群体中传播。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.即使是足球迷也有座位；成千上万的人站着观看比赛的日子一去不复返了。（2020浙江卷）Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.那些精神上有激励、退休前要求工作的人往往在测试中表现最好。12.moreover/mɔːrˈəʊvə(r)/adv.此外，而且（16）【原句背诵】Moreover,exerciseisgoodforyourmentalhealth.【拓展】besidesadv.况且，再说；此外，以及inaddition另外，此外；加之Moreover,understandingthebrainisnotthesameasunderstandingthemind.此外，理解大脑和理解思维是不一样的。Moreover,lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisevenconsideredasbadmanners.此外，在活动期间看手表甚至被视为不礼貌的行为。13.reduce/rɪˈdjuːs/vt.减少，缩小（16）【原句背诵】Workingoutcanhelpyoureducestressandgetovernegativefeelings.【拓展】reducesthg.(fromsthg.)(tosthg.)reducesthg.(bysthg.)减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等）bereducedto(doing)sthg.使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落；使陷入窘境reductionn.减少；下降；缩小；还原（反应）Themedicinehelpsreducetherisksofheartdisease.这种药减小了犯心脏病的风险。Thenumberofemployeeswasreducedfrom40to25.雇员人数40人减少到了25人。Costshavebeenreducedby20%overthepastyear.过去一年，各项费用已经减少了20%。NumerouspeopleinAfricahavebeenreducedtoextremepoverty.很多非洲人沦落到极度贫困的地步。Hewasreducedtobeggingforaliving.他不得不以乞讨为生。Therehasbeensomereductioninunemployment.失业人数有所减少。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.冯·王希望他的作品能帮助给大公司施加压力以减少使用塑料。（2020天津卷）Fuelconsumptioncouldbereducedastheelectriccomponentisswitchedonatkeypartsofthejourney,especiallyontake-offandlanding.在飞行的关键时候，特别是起飞和降落时，开启电子元件可以减少燃料消耗。14.routine/ruːˈtiːn/n.常规，惯例adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的（17）15.muscle/ˈmʌsl/n.肌肉，肌（17）【原句背诵】Whenyouplananexerciseroutine,thefirstthingtoconsideriswhatyouexpecttoimprove:heartandlungefficiency,musclestrengthorflexibility.Makeexerciseapartofyourdailyroutine.让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutineandlifestyle.这些运动员不得不改变他们的每日常规和生活方式。Thefaultwasdiscoveredduringaroutinecheck.这个错误是在一次常规检查中发现的。Somanydaysareroutineanduninteresting,especiallyinwinter.太多的日子都是平淡和无趣，尤其是在冬季。【链接高考】（2015浙江卷）Everypartofmylifechanged;nopartofmyoldroutineremained.我的生活都改变了;我的老套路已经一去不复返了。16.*aerobic/eəˈrəʊbɪk/adj.有氧的；需氧的（17）17.jogging/ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/n.慢跑锻炼（17）18.skiing/ˈskiːɪŋ/n.滑雪（运动）（17）【原句背诵】Aerobicactivities,likejogging，swimmingandskiing,developyourheartandlungs.19.pull-up/ˈpʊlʌp/n.引体向上（17）20.bone/bəʊn/n.骨头，骨（17）【原句背诵】Strengthtraining,suchaspull­upsandweightlifting,increasesmusclestrengthandencouragesbonedevelopment.Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstootostayinshape.汤姆总是在早上慢跑，也经常做俯卧撑来保持身材。21.gymnastics/dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/n.体操，体操训练（17）22.*taichi/ˌtʌɪˈtʃiː/n.太极拳，太极（17）23.stretch/stretʃ/vt.&vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使延伸）（17）24.range/reɪndʒ/n.（变动或浮动的）范围，界限，区间；一系列（17）25.movement/ˈmuːvmənt/n.活动，转动；移动；运动（17）【原句背诵】Flexibilitytraining,includinggymnasticsandtaichi,helpsstretchyourmusclesandimproveyourbody’srangeofmovement.【拓展】awiderangeof 一系列……within/intherangeof 在……范围内beyond/outofone’srange超出范围；在视觉（听觉等）范围之外；某人能力达不到的【误区1】stretch还可以作名词，意思是“舒展；伸张；伸展力；连续的一段”。【误区2】range还可以作动词，意思是“（在……内）变动，变化；延伸；排列”。rangefrom...to... 在……范围内变动rangebetween…and…在……到……之间Theexercisesaredesignedtostretchandtoneyourlegmuscles.这些活动目的在于伸展和增强你的腿部肌肉。Theexercisesaredesignedtostretchandtoneyourlegmuscles.这些活动目的在于伸展和增强你的腿部肌肉。Fieldsandhillsstretchedoutasfaraswecouldsee.放眼望去，田野山丘绵延不绝。Attheendofaworkoutspendtimecoolingdownwithsomeslowstretches.锻炼结束时，用一些缓慢的伸展来做整理运动。Therestauranthasbecomepopularforitswiderangeoffoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.由于菜品多样，适合各种口味和消费群体，这家饭店深受大家欢迎。Thechildwasnowoutofherrangeofvision(=notnearenoughforhertosee).那个孩子已经走出了她的视线。Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,rangingfromcheftoswimminginstructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）69Activities (activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim70tohave(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.那里的活动包括观鲸、徒步旅行以及住宿安排，其目的是对自然环境的影响较小。（2014湖南卷）TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics(抒情诗）toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.自由队的课程将包括介绍广泛的写作风格，从诗歌到剧本写作，从抒情诗到闪写小说，以支持年轻作家的发展。（2016全国卷I）Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.如果没有雷切尔·卡森，现在可能不会有环保运动了。26.stickwith持续，坚持（17）【原句背诵】Aboveall,chooseactivitiesyouenjoybecause,inthisway,you’remorelikelytostickwiththem.【拓展】stickatsthg.坚持不懈地做（某事）；持之以恒；锲而不舍stickto(to是介词)坚持；遵守；信守stickout伸出；探出；突出stickinyourmind经久不忘；铭记在心get/bestuckin(=get/becaughtin)陷入……；被卡在……Theydecidedtostickwiththeiroriginalplan.他们决定继续执行原来的计划。Ifyouwanttoplayaninstrumentwell,you’vegottostickatit.要想练好一种乐器，你必须持之以恒。TheincidentstuckinmymindbecauseitwasthefirstexampleIhadseenofracisminthatcountry.那个事件令我难以忘怀，因为那是我看到的那个国家的第一例种族歧视事件。Theywrotethenoticeinbigredletterssothatitwouldstickout.他们用红色大字写出通知，这样会显眼一些。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然选择使用固定电话。（2021新高考I卷）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.就像歌里唱的那样，这条漫长而蜿蜒的路“永远不会消失”，它将永远存在游客的记忆里。27.petrol/ˈpetrəl/n.汽油（17）28.*carbohydrate/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/n.碳水化合物，糖类（17）29.energy/ˈenədʒi/n.能，能量；精力；能源（17）【原句背诵】Likecarsthatrunonpetrol,yourbodyburnscarbohydratesforenergy.Foodslikenoodles,rice,fruitandvegetablesgiveyourbodyplentyofcarbohydratestokeepupyourenergyduringalongworkout.【拓展】fullofenergy精力充沛；充满活力creative/destructiveenergies创造╱毁灭力solar/nuclearenergy太阳能；核能energeticadj.精力充沛的；积极的；有力的Thoughinhiseighties,she’salwaysfullofenergy.尽管已经80多岁了，她总是充满活力。Youhavedriveandenergyforthosethingsyouareinterestedin.你对那些感兴趣的事情有动力、有干劲。Sheputallherenergiesintoherwork.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。Keepingaproperbalancebetweenstudyandrestkeepsusenergetic.在学习和休息之间保持适当的平衡，能使我们精力充沛。【链接高考】（2020全国卷I）Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)--suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway--alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(传输).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.由于照明通常离电源很远——比如从发电厂到偏远公路上的路灯的距离——在传输过程中会损失很多能量。发光植物可以缩短这段距离，因此有助于节约能源。（2020天津卷）Abattery,evenalithiumone,onlyprovides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecificenergyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.一块电池，即使是锂电池，每公斤只能提供250瓦时；与液体燃料相比，液体燃料的比能是11,890瓦特时每公斤。30.protein/ˈprəʊtiːn/n.蛋白质【原句背诵】Tohelpyourmusclesrecoverandrepairthemselvesafterexercise,youneedtoeatfoodsrichinprotein,suchasfish,eggsandmilkproducts.Peas,beansandlentilsareagoodsourceofvegetableprotein.豌豆、豆荚和扁豆是植物蛋白质的来源。31.average/ˈævərɪdʒ/n.平均水平，一般水平adj.平均的；典型的【原句背诵】Whentoeatisalsoofgreatimportance.Ingeneral,youshouldhaveyourmealanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.【拓展】anaverageof平均是…on(the/an)average平均；普通，通常abovetheaverage在一般水平(或平均数)以上belowtheaverage在一般水平(或平均数)Iwasjustanaveragesortofstudent.我只是一个普通的学生。Fortyhoursisafairlyaverageworkingweekformostpeople.对大多数人来说，一周工作40小时是相当正常的。Temperaturesareabove/belowaverageforthetimeofyear.温度高于╱低于此时的年平均温度。【链接高考】（2021浙江卷）Today’schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.现在的孩子平均每天花四个半小时看屏幕，一半时间看电视，一半时间上网。（2020江苏卷）Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists’lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.然后，在科学家实验室的两次早晨访问中，每个人都以平均速度走了一个小时，从理论上讲，这种速度可以让他的身体依靠脂肪提供能量。32.throughout/θruːˈaʊt/prep.自始至终；各处，遍及33.makeupfor弥补，补偿34.sweatn.汗水vt.&vi.出汗，流汗【原句背诵】Remembertodrinkthroughoutexercisetomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.【拓展】makesure确信；证实makeup弥补；组成；化妆；整理makefull/gooduseof充分利用makethemostof充分利用makeadifference有影响，有关系makeout理解；辨认出；说明；填写；设法应付makefor导致；有助于；走向makeit获得成功【误区】throughout后可以接时间名词和地点名词。Doctorsbattledthroughoutthenighttosavethepatient’slife.医生们奋战了整个晚上来抢救病人的生命。Chinaexportsitsproductstomarketsthroughouttheworld.中国把产品出口到世界各地的市场。Afterallthedelays,wewereanxioustomakeupforlosttime.耽搁了这么久，我们急着想弥补失去的时间。【链接高考】（2020全国卷II）Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.全年举行展览、比赛和家庭活动。（2019天津卷）AllparticipantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.所有参与者都必须说明，纵观历史，通信或交通技术是如何提升美国人的生活质量的。35.injury/ˈɪndʒəri/n.伤害，损伤（17）36.prevent/prɪˈvent/vt.阻止，阻碍（17）37.tissue/ˈtɪʃuː;ˈtɪsjuː/n.（人、动植物细胞的）组织；（尤指用作手帕的）纸巾，手巾纸（17）38.equipment/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n.设备；配备，装备（17）【原句背诵】Topreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.【拓展】injurevt,伤害，损害prevent…from(doingsth./beingdone)阻止做某事preventionn.预防；阻止；妨碍equipvt.装备；配备equip…with…用……装备……beequippedwith装备有……【误区】equipment是不可数名词，通常不用复数形式。apiece/anarticleofequipment一件设备asetofequipment一套设备SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。Regularexercisehelpspreventweightgain.经常锻炼有助于防止体重增加。Hesaidthiswouldpreventcompaniesfromcreatingnewjobs.他说这将阻止各公司创造新的职位。Theequipmentofthephotographicstudiowasexpensive.这个摄影室的装备花费巨大。Thecourseisdesignedtoequipstudentsforacareerinnursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。Ownersofrestaurantshavetoequipthemtoadmitdisabledpeople.餐馆老板们必须给餐馆配备接纳残疾人的设施。【链接高考】（2020全国卷I）Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多健身益处，但很可能造成的伤害更少。（2020新高考I卷）Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.遵守所有规则，以免被取消资格。39.lack/læk/n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺vt.&vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺（19）【原句背诵】Othersworkoutforhoursattheweekendtomakeupfortheirlackofexerciseduringtheweekdays.【拓展】(a)lackoffood/money/skills缺乏食物╱金钱╱技能for/from/throughlackof因缺少……lackingadj.缺乏的，不足的；缺失的belackingin缺乏；缺少某种品质Thebookiscompletelylackinginoriginality.这部书完全没有创意。【误区】lack作动词时，是及物动词，其后直接带宾语。Tomlackedconfidenceinthecompetition.汤姆在竞赛时缺少自信。Despitehislackofexperience,hegotthejob.尽管缺乏经验，他还是得到了那份工作。Thetripwascancelledthroughlackof(=becausetherewasnotenough)interest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。Lackofdaylightcanmakepeoplefeeldepressed.缺乏阳光的照射会让人情绪低落。Somehousesstilllackbasicfacilitiessuchasbathrooms.有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。Hospitalslackevenbasicdrugsforsurgicaloperations.医院甚至缺乏外科手术的基本必需的药品。【链接高考】（2020天津卷）Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.我从来没有见过优秀的人缺少这两种品质。我也从未见过一个普通人同时拥有这两种品质。（2014福建卷）Strangeasitmayseem,ifyou’reunsatisfied,theissueisnotalackofmeanstomeetyourdesiresbutalackofdesires—notthatyoucannotsatisfyyourtastesbutthatyoudon’thaveenoughtastes.这听起来很奇怪，如果你不满足，问题不是缺乏满足欲望的手段，而是缺乏欲望——不是你不能满足自己的品味，而是你的品味不够。40.maintain/meɪnˈteɪn/vt.维持；维修，保养（19）【原句背诵】Habitsliketheseputstressonthebody,andiftheyaremaintained(5)overthelongterm,canbecomeaserioushealthrisk.Thetwocountrieshavealwaysmaintainedcloserelations.这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。Thehouseislargeanddifficulttomaintain.房子很大，难以养护。41.announce/əˈnaʊns/vt.宣布，宣告；通知（20）【原句背诵】WearehappytoannouncethattheCommunitySportsCenterwillsoonbeopentothepubliconceagain!【拓展】announcesthg.(tosb.)宣布，宣告（决定、计划等）Itisannouncedthat….宣布……announcementn.公告；宣告；发表tomakeanannouncement发表公告【误区】表示“通知某人某事”时，不能用announcesb.sthg.，而要用announcetosb.sthg./announcesthg.tosb.。Thegovernmentyesterdayannouncedtothemediaplanstocreateamillionnewjobs.政府在昨天向媒体宣布了创造一百万个新工作的计划。Itwasannouncedthattheflightwouldbedelayed.广播通知，该航班将晚点。Today’sannouncementofapeaceagreementcameafterweeksofdiscussion.经过几周的讨论之后，今天公布了和平协议。【链接高考】（2011北京卷）Sowhenourretirementcommunity（社区）announcedthattheywerehavinganessaycompetitionandthetopicwasanexperienceofalifetimethatyouwantedtohave,Idecidedtowriteaboutmydream.当我们的退休社区宣布他们要举办一场作文比赛，题目是你想拥有的人生经历，我决定写我的梦想。42.putfinishingtouchesto对……进行最后的润色或修饰（20）43.update/ˌʌpˈdeɪt/vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息n.最新消息（20）【原句背诵】Thefinishingtouchesarenowbeingputtoanewswimmingpoolandourworkoutroomshavebeenupdatedwithmodernequipment.I’malmostdonewiththepainting.Ijustneedtoputonthefinishingtouches.那幅画我几乎快完成了。我只需要画龙点睛。Hewasbackintheoffice,updatingtheworkscheduleonthecomputer.他回到办公室，在计算机上更新了工作日程。It’sabouttimeweupdatedoursoftware.我们的软件应该更新了。We’llupdateyouontheday’stopnewsstories.我们将向你提供当天的头条新闻。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.对于世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了迄今为止世界地图集列表提供的数据，该列表根据体育场所声明的永久容量以及来自体育场官方网站的最新信息，给它们进行排名。44.inresponseto对……作出反应；作为对……的回复（20）45.replace/rɪˈpleɪs/vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新（20）【原句背诵】Inresponsetopublicinterest,ouraerobicsclasshasbeenreplacedwithseveralfunoptions,includingmoderndance.【拓展】replacesb./sthg.(with/bysb./sthg.)（用…）替换；（以…）接替replacementn.更换；替代，替换Millionsofpeoplegavefreelyinresponsetotheappealforthevictimsoftheearthquake.为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。Thenewdesignwilleventuallyreplaceallexistingmodels.新的设计最终将会取代所有现有的型号。Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwithsnacks.不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.由于影响很小，这可能表明我们的创造性思维对绝对安静和85分贝的背景噪音的反应并没有太大的差别。46.athlete/ˈæθliːt/n.运动员【原句背诵】Wewillinviteprofessionalathletestobeourcoaches.【拓展】athleticadj.运动的；运动员的anathleticfigure/build健壮的体形╱体格He’satalentedathletewhocompetesnationallyandinternationally.他是一位有才华的运动员，既参加国内比赛，也参加国际比赛。47.boxing/ˈbɒksɪŋ/n.拳击运动（21）48.champion/ˈtʃæmpiən/n.冠军，第一名（21）【原句背诵】ItriedouttheboxingclassandIloveit!Thecoach,whowasaboxingchampion,waspatientandprofessional.【拓展】championshipn.锦标赛；冠军地位Sheheldthetitleofworldchampionforthreeyears.她保持了三年的世界冠军头衔。HewonasilvermedalattheEuropeanChampionships.他获得了欧洲锦标赛的银牌。They’veheldthechampionshipforthepasttwoyears.他们在过去的两年里一直保持着冠军地位。49.cour/kɔːt/tn.球场；法院，法庭；宫廷（21）【原句背诵】IloveplayingbasketballandIhopeabasketballcourtwillbebuiltinthenearfuture.Hewonafteronly52minutesoncourt.他上场仅52分钟就赢得了胜利。Thecasewassettledoutofcourt(=adecisionwasreachedwithoutatrial).这案件已庭外和解。50.undertheweather略有不适，不舒服（23）【原句背诵】I’vebeenfeelingabitundertheweatherrecently:generallytiredandnotmyself.She’sgoingtostayhomebecausesheisabitundertheweather.她打算待在家里，因为她有点身体不舒服。51.plus/plʌs/conj.而且，此外prep.加；和（23）【原句背诵】PlusItakepartinalotofafter-schoolactivities.Twoplusfiveisseven.二加五等于七。Thecostis￡22,plus￡1forpostage.费用为22英镑，另加1英镑的邮费。52.nearby/ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/adj.附近的，邻近的adv.在附近，不远（23）53.gym/dʒɪm/n.健身房，体育馆（23）【原句背诵】Ijustcan’taffordtosignupforclassesinthenearbygym.Therewerecomplaintsfromnearbyresidents.附近的居民有些怨言。Hemighteasilyhavebeenseenbysomeonewholivednearby.他可能很容易被住在附近的人看到。Theschoolhasrecentlybuiltanewgym.学校最近新建了一个体育馆。54.partner/ˈpɑːtnə(r)/n.搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人（23）【原句背诵】Imaginejoggingalongthesamepatheverymorning,repeatingthesamemovementdayafterdayandhavingnoonetotalkto!I’mprettysureIwouldsoongiveupwithoutapartner.HerpartnerforthegamewasVenusWilliams.她的比赛搭挡是维纳斯•威廉姆斯。SpainhasbeenoneofCuba’smajortradingpartners.西班牙一直是古巴的主要贸易伙伴之一。55.position/pəˈzɪʃn/n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位（23）【原句背诵】Whatwouldyoudoinmyposition?Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.【拓展】inposition就位；在适当的位置；在原位inthepositionof处在……位置上【误区】position用作动词时，意思是“安置；把……放在适当的位置”。Largetelevisionscreenswerepositionedateitherendofthestadium.体育场的两端安装了大型电视屏幕。Fromhispositionontheclifftop,hehadagoodviewoftheharbor.他在悬崖之巅，海港景色一览无余。Makesurethatyouareworkinginacomfortableposition.工作时一定要保持舒适的姿势。He’sgoingtobeinaverydifficultpositionifthingsgobadlyforhim.如果情况变糟的话，他处境将非常困难。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.在全球通讯的网络世界里，我们在任何地方都能看到天才的出现。（2019全国卷I）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.通过暑期就业机会项目，学生每年都会在省级公共服务机构、相关机构和社区团体中担任各种暑期职位。56.hesitate/ˈhezɪteɪt/vi.犹豫，迟疑（25）【原句背诵】WhenmyfriendfirstsuggestedthatwejointhenewTaiChiClubatschool,Ihesitated.【拓展】hesitatetodosthg.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事hesitateabout/over对…犹豫不决hesitationn.犹豫；迟疑不决withouthesitation毫不犹豫地havenohesitationindoingsthg.毫不犹豫地做某事hesitantadj.迟疑的；踌躇的；犹豫不决的behesitantabout(doing)对(做)某事犹豫behesitanttodosthg.不愿做某事Ididn’thesitateforamomentabouttakingthejob.我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。Intheeventofdifficulties,pleasedonothesitatetocontactourCustomerServiceDepartment.如有困难，请不要迟疑，与我们的客户服务部联系。Ihavenohesitationinrecommendingherforthejob.我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。Thegreatmajorityofplayerswould,ofcourse,signthecontractwithouthesitation.绝大多数运动员当然会毫不犹豫地签这份合同。Doctorsarehesitanttocommentonthenewtreatment.医生们不愿对新疗法作出评论。【链接高考】（2013全国卷I）ButIwouldn’thesitatetospendonagoodhaircut.但我在漂亮的发型上舍得花钱。57.admit/ədˈmɪt/vt.&vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入（25）【原句背诵】Afterthefirstclass,however,IhadtoadmitthatIhadbeenwrongabouttaichi.【拓展】admit(doing/havingdone)sthg.admittosb.that…向某人承认…admitsb.to/into允许某人进入admissionn.承认；入场费；进入许可gainadmissionto获准进入anadmissionofguilt/failure/defeat承认有罪╱失败╱被击败admissioncharges/prices入场费╱票价Noneofthesepeoplewilladmitresponsibilityfortheiractions.这些人中没有人原意承认为他们的行为负有的责任。Itwasgenerallyadmittedthatthegovernmenthadactedtooquickly.普遍认为，政府行动过急。Icouldn’tadmittomyparentsthatIwasfindingthecoursedifficult.我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。Youwillnotbeadmittedtothetheatreaftertheperformancehasstarted.演出开始后不许进入剧场。【链接高考】（2020全国卷II）DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.设计师詹妮弗·安德森承认，她花了一段时间才意识到使用海狸鼠皮草在道德上是可以接受的。58.inspire/ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生（感觉或情感）（25）59.explore/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/vt.&vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察（25）【原句背诵】Justasimportantly,practicingtaichihasinspiredmetoexploretheChineseculturebehindit.【拓展】inspiresb.withsthg./inspiresthg.insb.用某事激励某人inspiresb.todosthg.激励某人做某事inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事)inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的explorationn.探测；探究；踏勘explorern.探险家；勘探者；探测器Wemustpromoteoriginality,inspirecreativityandencourageinnovation.我们必须提倡独创性，激发创造力，鼓励创新。Youwillinspireotherstofollowtheirowndreams,eveniftheyknownothingaboutyou.你会鼓舞他人去追随他们自己的梦想，即使他们对你一无所知。Wewillexploreeveryavenueuntilwefindananswer.我们要探索一切途径，直到找到答案为止。Theincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplearewillingtoexploretheoutsideworld.越来越多的年轻人愿意去探索外部世界。Dreamscanbearichsourceofinspirationforanartist.梦可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。【链接高考】（2021浙江卷）TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(职业)inacting.对他叔叔的崇拜和尊敬激励了尼尔森以表演为职业。（2021全国甲卷）Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.但我们想超越一个人，去探索天才的本性。60.*crane/kreɪn/n.鹤61.*rooster/ɑː(r)/n.雄鸡【原句背诵】Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemovesreallycaughtmyimagination,withdescriptivenameslike“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg”.62.inspiration/ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）（25）【参考词条58inspire】【原句背诵】ZhangSanfeng,a13th-centuryTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.【链接高考】（2020新高考I卷）Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily--andthat’sprettypowerful.詹妮弗是第一代毕业生，她的家庭受到了鼓舞——这很有影响力。（2019全国卷III）ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.对于西方设计师来说，中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创意的灵感来源。63.nowadays/ˈnaʊədeɪz/adv.现今，现在（25）64.master/ˈmɑːstə(r)/n.大师，能手；主人vt.精通，掌握；控制（25）【原句背诵】However,nowadayspeopletendtobelievethatChenWangting,a17th-centurymasterofChinesemartialarts,developedtaichibasedonmartialskills.ProfessorLiuDaoyiisamasteroftheEnglishlanguage.刘道义教授是一名英语语言专家。Duffsoonmasteredtheskillsofradioproduction.达夫很快掌握了广播节目制作的技能。65.nowonder不足为奇，并不奇怪（25）66.*imitate/ˈɪmɪteɪt/vt.模仿；仿效（25）【原句背诵】Nowondersometaichimovesarenamedafteranimals—Chinesemartialartshavealong-standingpracticeofimitatinganimals.【拓展】imitationn.模仿，仿造；仿制品BradwasJane’sbrother!Nowonderheremindedmesomuchofher!布拉德是简的哥哥！难怪他很多方面让我想起她！Teachersprovideamodelforchildrentoimitate.教师是孩子仿效的典范。Nocomputercanimitatethecomplexfunctionsofthehumanbrain.任何计算机都无法模拟人脑的复杂功能。【链接高考】（2012福建卷）Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitateit,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.简单地说，镜像神经元的存在表明，每当我们看到别人做某事时，我们的大脑就会模仿它，不管我们是否真的在做同样的动作。67.ache/eɪk/vi.&vt.疼痛，隐痛（26）【原句背诵】Afterlearningthebasicsoftaichiinthosefirstfewclasses,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesamemovesoverandoveragain.【熟词生义】achevt.&vi.渴望acheforsb./sthg.渴望achetodosthg.渴望做某事68.satisfaction/ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/n.满意；满足，达到（26）【原句背诵】Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomysatisfactionthatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved,thatIwasabletodomoredifficultmoves,andthatmylovefortaichireturnedstrongerthanever.【拓展】gain/get/derivesatisfactionfromsthg.从某事中得到满足感look/smileofsatisfaction心满意足的表情╱笑容withsatisfaction满意地toone’ssatisfaction让人感到满意的是satisfyv.令人满意；令人满足satisfysb.使某人满意satisfysthg.满足某物（要求、需要等）satisfysb.ofsthg.使某人相信某事satisfactoryadj.满意的asatisfactoryexplanation/answer/solution/conclusion令人满意的解释；站得住脚的回答；可行的解决办法；足以服人的结论Hereyesachedfromlackofsleep.她的眼睛因睡眠不足而隐隐作痛。MylegisgivingmemuchlesspainbutstillacheswhenIsitdown.我的腿疼痛减轻了许多，但是当我坐下时还是会疼。Iwasachingforhome.我很想回家。Weachedtoseethenewly-releasedfilm.我们急切想观看新发行的电影。Bothsidesexpressedsatisfaction