大学英语四级模拟试卷355

大学英语四级模拟试卷355

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicThe

AppropriateTeacher.StudentRelationship.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyou

shouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline（giveninChinese）below.TheAppropriate

Tcachcr-StudcntRelationshipI.师生.之间应建立良好的师生关系；2.良好的师牛.

关系对老师的工作有利；3.良好的师生关系有利于学生的学习。

标准答案：TheAppropriateTeacher-StudentRelationshipTherelationshipbetweena

teacherandastudentcanbegoodorbad,helpfulorbarmful.Eitherway,therelationship

canaffectthestudentfortherestofhislife.Anappropriateteacher-studentrelationwill

makelearningenjoyableandinterestingandtheteacher'sjobworthwhile.Abadrelation

candiscouragethestudentfromlearningandmaketeachinganunpleasanttask.Inagood

teacher-studentrelationtheteacherdoesnothavetoforcethestudenttolearn.The

teachershouldmotivateandencouragefilestudent.Learningcanbefunwhenthestudent

hastherightaltitudetowardsit.Besides,theteacherneedstobepatient,understanding,

andsympathetic.Asforfilestudent,inoldertohaveagoodrelationshipwithhisteacher,

hemustalwaysshowhimproperrespect.Heshouldbeeagertolearnandwillingtowork

hard.Itisalsoimportanttolistencarefullyinclass.Inconclusion,agoodteacher-student

relationshipcanbemutuallybeneficial.Thestudentgainsknowledgeearnestlyand

enjoyably,andfileteachergainssatisfactionfromhisjob.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

AlbertEinsteinBomin1879,inUlm,Germany,Einsteinwastwoyearsoldwhenhis

parentsmovedtoMunich.Therehisfatheropenedabusinessinelectricalsupplies.Asa

boy,Einsteindidnotlearntotalkuntillaterthanothersofhisage,andinhisearly

childhoodhewasnotconsideredespeciallybright.Butbythetimehewasfourteenyears

old,hehadrecoveredfromaslowstarttotheextentthathehadtaughthimselfadvanced

mathematicsfromtextbooks.Bythenheknewwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.

Hewantedtobeaphysicistanddevotehimselftoresearch.TheEinsteins,however,

couldnotaffordtopayfortheadvancededucationyoungEinsteinneeded.Thefamily

businesshaddeclined,andtheywereforcedtoleaveMunichtoliveinMilan,Italy,

wheretheyhadrelatives.AsforAlbert,thefamilydidmanagetosendhimtoatechnical

schoolinSwitzerland,andlatertotheFederalInstituteofTechnologyinZurich.In1901,

whenEinsteinwastwenty-twoyearsold,hebeganteaching,andin1902hewenttowork

asapatentofficeexaminerinBern.Nowabletopayhisownexpenses,hecontinuedhis

schoolingattheUniversityofZurich,wherehereceivedadoctor'sdegreein1905.This

wastheperiodwhenhefirstbegantheresearchwhichledtohisfamoustheoryof

relativity.TomostpeopleitisnoteasytoexplainwhyEinstein'stheoryhashadsuchan

immenseeffectuponthewholescientificandintellectualworld.Afteritsformation,

scientistsneveragainregardedtheworldastheyhadbefore.Thetheorysetfbrlhnewand

far-reachingconclusionsaboutthenatureofspace,time,motion,mass,energy,andthe

relationsgoverningallthese.Basicallythetheoryproposed,amongotherthings,thatthe

greatestspeedpossibleisthespeedoflight;thattherateofaclockmovingthroughspace

willdecreaseasitsspeedincreases;andthatenergyandmassareequaland

interchangeable.Thislatterclaim,basedontheformula"energyequalsmasstimesthe

squareofthespeedoflight"waslaterprovedbyatomicfission,onwhichtheatomic

bombisbased.Towardtheendofhislife,whenEinsteinwasaskedtoexplainhislawof

relativitytoagroupofyoungstudents,hesaid:"Whenyousitwithanicegirlfortwo

hours,youthinkit'sonlyaminute.Butwhenyousitonahotstoveforaminute,you

thinkit'stwohours.Thatisrelativity."Einsteinhadaneffectonscienceandhistorythat

onlyafewmenhaveeverachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommented

that"Einsteinhascreatedanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesome

generationsbeforetheaveragemindgraspstheidentityoftimeandspace,andsoon

butevenordinarymenunderstandnowthattheuniverseissomethingvasterthanever

thoughtbefore."By1914Einsteinhadgainedworldfame.Heacceptedtheofferto

becomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofSciencesinBedimHehadfewduties,

littleteaching,andunlimitedopportunitiesforstudy.Itwasanidealposition,butsoonhis

peaceandquietwerebrokenbytheFirstWorldWar.Einsteinhatedviolence.Thoughhe

wasnotpersonallyinvolved,thewaranditsmiseryaffectedhimdeeply.Helostinterest

inmuchofhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacefinallycamein1918washeabletogetbackto

work.DuringtheyearsfollowingWorldWar[,GermanyheapedhonorsuponEinstein.

HewaspersuadedtobecomedirectorofTheoreticalPhysicsintheKaiserWilhelm

Institute.HewontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921.Prussiamadehimanhonorary

citizen.PotsdambuiltanEinsteinTowerinitsAstrophysicalInstitute.Berlinheldpublic

celebrationonhisfiftiethbirthday.Beingashyman,Einsteindidnotattend,buthe

receivedseveralbasketsfullofcards,letters,andtelegramsexpressingadmirationand

bestwishes.Thegiftstohimwouldhavefilledarailwayfreightcar.Fouryearslater,

AdolphHitlercametopowerinGermany.HeandhisNazisdislikedintellectuals,and

theyhatedJews.TherewasnorespectevenforAlbertEinstein,whoonlywantedtothink

oftheproblemsoftimeandspaceandwhonevergotinvolvedinpolitics.Theacademy

ofScienceswasclosedtohim;hishousewassearchedforweapons;helosthis

professorship;allhispropertywasseized;andfinallyhisGermancitizenshipwastaken

away.Hebecameastatelessman.UponleavingGermany,EinsteinwentfirsttoFrance,

thentoBelgium,andthentoEngland.TherehereceivedaninvitationfromtheUnited

States.TheInstituteforAdvancedStudyatPrinceton,NewJersey,offeredhimalifetime

professorship.Heaccepted,butheaskedsosmallasalarytomaintainitsownpay,the

Institutehadtogivehimmorethanherequested.Suchbehaviorwascharacteristicof

Einstein.Hehadlittleinterestinmoney,thoughhecouldhavebeenverywealthy.He

onceturneddownanofferof$1,000aminutetospeakontheradio.Onanotheroccasion

heputacheckfor$1,500fromtheRockefellerFoundationbetweenthepagesofabook

tohelphimrememberwherehehadstoppedreading.Then,havingusedthecheckasa

bookmark,helostthebook.In1955EinsteinbecameanAmericancitizen.When

interviewedabouthisnev/country,hetoldreporters:"Sevenyearsago,whenaskedfbr

thereasonIleftGermany,Imadethisstatement:'AslongasIhaveanychoice,Iwill

onlystayonacountrywherepoliticalliberty,toleration,andequalityofallcitizens

beforethelawistherue.Politicallibertyimplieslibertytoexpressone'spolitical

opinionsorallyandinwriting,andatolerantrespectforanyandeveryindividual

opinion.EinsteinlivedtherestofhislifeintheUnitedStates.Muchofthegreat

scientist'stimewasdevotedtoeffortstobuildworldpeace.Healsofoundtimeto

practiceplayinghisviolin,forhelovedmusicandwasabetterthanaverageviolinist.He

livedquietlyinPrinceton,workingattheInstituteandentertaininghimselfwithhisviolin

inhissimplehome.In1955Einstein'slifeendedpeacefullyattheageofseventy-six.

Becausethissimplemanofgeniususedhisintelligenceforhisfellowmen,allmennow

liveinachangedworld.Einsteinlivednottoconquerordestroy,buttounderstand.

2、FromthearticlewclearnaboutEinstein'slife,hisachievementsandhispersonality.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：通过速读可以了解本文大意。我们了解到爱因斯坦的童年，青年，他

在科学上对世界的贡献，在二战时受到的逼迫，以及晚年在美国的定居生活。他热

爱和平，生活简单，丝毫不崇拜金钱。本题符合原文内容，正确。

3、VirtuallyEinsteinwasnotconsideredtobemoreintelligentthanchildrenofhisage

inhisearlychildhood.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：阅读第一段关于他出生的家庭和儿童时代，我们知道，爱因斯坦会说

话的时间比其他孩子晚。别人并没看出他比其他孩子聪明。但到十四岁时，他自学

了高等数学，他打算要成为一名物理学家，献身于科学研究工作。此题干表述正

确。

4、Whenhewasyoung,hisfamilyleftGermanyforItalytosendhimtotheworld-

famousuniversityandgavehimmoreadvancededucation.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：查读文章第二自然段。我们了解到，他的家庭当时并不能负担起他的

高等教育。他和家人离开慕尼黑去了意大利的米兰，其原因是家族买卖衰落，被迫

离开去投靠米兰的亲戚。他被送到瑞士的一所技术学校就读。本题表述不符合原

文，错误。

5、ThesignificanceofEinstein'stheorywasthatithelpedtheinventionofatomic

bomb.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干表述的是：爱因斯坦理论的重要性在于有助于原子弹的发明。查

读文章第四段和第六段，我们知道，对于大多数人来说，很不容易解释这种理论对

整个科学和知识界的重大影响。在这个理论形成之后，科学家的世界观和以前截然

不同。这是一个关于空间，时间，运动等的全新并有深远影响的结论。美国的一个

大学校长曾说：“爱因斯坦创造了新的世界观，新的宇宙观。”在第四段结尾处，在

介绍相对论的内容之后，才提到说“相对论的公式被原子裂变所证实，为原子弹的

发明奠定了基础这一信息不能看作相对论的最重要价值所在。题干表述不正

确。

6、Einstein'stheoryiseasilyunderstandableafteritwasformedatthattime.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第五段介绍说：爱因斯坦在晚年解释他的相对论时说“如果你在

一个漂亮女孩旁坐了两小时，就像一分钟，如果坐在热炉子上，一分钟就像两小

时。这就是相对论。''这说明，相对论提出很多年后，人们还是不断有疑问，不理

解。第六段第三句话介绍说“几代过去后，普通人才掌握了这个时空概念。普通人

现在明白的也不过是宇宙比以前想像的大得多。所以说，本题干表述错误。

7、GermanyisthecountrythatEinsteinwasborninandthatgavehimalotofhonors

andthathadevermadehimstateless.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干表述的是：德国是爱因斯坦的出生地，给予他很多荣誉，但曾使

他失去了国籍。第七段介绍说，1914年他赢得了世界声誉，成为柏林普鲁士科学

研究会教授。第八段里介绍说，一战后，德国给他很多荣誉。他成为威廉皇家学院

的理论物理学主任。1921年获得诺贝尔奖。被评选为普鲁士荣誉市民。天体物理

学院为他建碑立塔。柏林为他公开庆祝五十岁生日等等。第九段里介绍说，希特勒

掌权后，憎恨犹太人，也不放过爱因斯坦。免了教授职位，没收了他的财产，剥夺

了他的公民权，他成为无国籍的人。本题表述正确，答题时需要总结归纳。

8、Einsteinentertainedhimselfwiththeviolininhissparetimebecauseviolinwasone

ofhisbestlovedmusicalinstruments.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：c

知识点0析：题干表达的是：爱因斯坦业余时间拉小提琴娱乐，因为小提琴是所有

乐器中他最喜欢的。查读倒数第二自然段，我们知道，他也找时间拉小提琴，因为

它喜欢音乐、小提琴拉得比一般小提琴家都好。所以文章并没有说小提琴是他最喜

欢的乐器之一。

9、HavingbeenforcedtoleaveGermany,Einsteinacceptedtobeaatthe

InstituteforAdvancedStudyatPrincetonintheU.S.A..

标准答案：teacher/professor

知识点解析：查读第十自然段，在被迫离开德国之后，爱因斯坦接受了美国普林斯

顿高级研究学院提供的终身教授职位。

10、ItwasduringtheperiodwhenEinsteinwasstudyingforhisdoctoratethathebegan

his.

标准答案：research

知识点解析：查读第三段，1901年，爱因斯坦22岁时，开始教书，1902年在伯尔

尼专利办公室当考官。能够付学费后，他继续在苏黎世大学学习。1905年攻获博

士学位。正是在这个时期，他开始了自己的研究工作。

11、EinsteinwontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin.

标准答案：1921

知识点解析：查读第八段的内容，1921年，爱因斯坦获得诺贝尔奖。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Becauseshedoesn'tlikesugar.

Becausesheisnotusedtoit.

C>Becauseshedoesn'tliketobefat.

D、Becausesheusedtodothat.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

CleaningthehouseonSunday.

B、TheweatheronSunday.

C、ThunderaridlightningonSunday.

D^TheirplanonSunday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、Sheoftenstaysupreadinglate.

B、Themanshouldspendmoretimestudying.

C、Shewondershowthemanmanagesthatwithsolittlerest.

D、Shehasnoideawhatkindofthetestsheisgoingtotake.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、$53.

B、$27.

C、S44.

D、$70.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Heisgoingtovisithisfriends.

B、Hedoesn'tlikecoldweather.

C、Hedoesn'tfeelwell.

D^Hedoesn^haveanyproblem.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、Atnoon.

B、3:30.

C>3:25.

D、3:00.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Togetajob.

Tobeonholidayattheseaside.

C、Toenrollinateacher'strainingcourse.

D、Tocompletehiscourserequirements.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Theyhavebeenspendingsomuchtimeonshow.

B、Theyhavebeengettingawayfromtheirhomes.

C^Theyhavebeendoingsomethingalittlebitdifferentfromeachother.

D、Theyhavebeensightseeing.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Thewoman.

Herhusband.

C、Thewomanandherhusband.

D、Thewomanandherfriend.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Planes.

B、Cars.

C、Buses.

D、Ships.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Byair.

B、Bysea.

C^Eitherbyairorbysea.

D、Neitherbyairnorbysea.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、AforeigntouristandhisScottishguide.

AnAmericanbusinessmanandaScottishstudent.

C、AnAmericanengineerandaScottishcitizen.

D^AnAmericancustomerandaScottishshop-assistant.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：理解题。这是谈论avisittoEdinburgh的对话。从“「velivedherein

Edinburghallmylifb''和4TmChrisHudsonfromPhoenix,Arizona.I'manoil

engineer”中可推断出两人中一个是Scottishcitizen,另一个是Americanengineero

24、

A、Todosomebusiness.

B、loseeasmuchofthecityashecan.

C、TovisittheCastleanddosomeshopping.

D、Tostudythehistoryofthecity.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：理解题。ChrisHudson问WhatcanIseehereintwenty-fourhours,以

及后文RoryMcDonald对Edinburgh的介绍，只有B项最符合题意。A.Todo

somebusiness.为最大二扰项。

25、

A、Akilt.

B、Sweatersandwhiskey.

C、Souvenirs.

D^Akiltandlocalwhiskey.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:细节题。他说："Whydon'tyoubuysomesweaters?...Andyou

mustbuysomewhiskey…'因此B项Sweatersandwhiskey为最佳选项。

26、

A、HehasalwayslivedinEdinburgh.

Hewearsakilt.

C、HeisheadoftheMcDonaldclan.

D、Heisproudofhishomeland-Scotland.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。听清并理解"I'maMcDonaldoftheMcDonaldclan.You

knowthereareclansinScotland,andweareallproudofourhistory.”这一句，即可

找出答案C。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Itisnotasgoodasfire.

B>Itmightcausehealthproblems.

C>Itissafewhenthefactory^instructionsarefollowed.

D^Itisthemostwidely-usedwayofcookingintheworld.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、ItwasdiscoveredbySpencerafterhehadmademanyexperimentsonmicrowaves.

ItwasdiscoveredbySpenceraccidentally,whenhewasmakingscientific

experiments.

C、ItwasdiscoveredbySpencer,whodevotedallhislifetoinventinganewwayof

cooking.

D、ItwasdiscoveredbySpencerwiththehelpofthecompanyhewasworkingfor.

标准答案：B:

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Theyworkbymotion.

B、Theyworkbyelectricity.

C、Theyworkbyrubbingthefood.

D、Theyworkbysendingshortwaves.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Hegotinjured.

B、Hewasexhausted.

C>Hewasknockeddown.

D、Hecouldnolongerstandthepain.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A、Asandbeach.

B、Adeepvalley.

C、Ahighmountain.

D、Agrainofsand.

标准答案；D

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

ANTOavoidfailure.

B、Toavoidlastingsufferings.

C、Toavoidbeingblamedonaminorfault.

D^Toavoidanxiety,worryandregret.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A^Becauseitwouldhelpdecreasetrafficaccidents.

B、BecauseitwasaSwedishcustom.

C、BecauseitwasalwaysverydarkinSweden.

D、BecauseitwasalwayscloudyandrainyinSweden.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Theywereusedtopreventwildanimalsfromattackingpeople.

B、Theywereusedtokeepwildanimalsfromrushingontotheroad.

C^Theywereusedtopreventpeoplefromdrivingintoforests.

D、Theywereusedtokeeppeoplefromhavingtrafficaccidents,

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A、Morethanfiftypercent.

B、Aboutfortypercent.

C、Atleasttenpercent.

D、Twentyorthirtypercent.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Forthesakeoftheirhealth.

B、Forthemaintenanceoftheheatingortheair-condition.

C、Tomakebestuseoftheirresources.

D、Tomakefulluseoftheheatingortheair-condition.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

Theword"sport"firstmeantsomethingthatpeopledidintheirfreetime.Lateritoften

meant[Bl]wildanimalsandbirds.Aboutahundredyearsagothewordwas

firstusedfor[B2]games.Thisisthe[B3]meaningoftheword

today.Peoplespendalotoftheir[B4]timeplayingfootball,basketball,tennis

andmanyothersports.Suchpeopleplaybecausetheywantto.Afewpeoplearc[B5]

torthesporttheyplay.1hesepeoplearecalledprofessionalsportsmen.Ihey

maybesportsmenforonlyafewyears,butduringthattimethebest[B6]can

earnalotofmoney.Forexample,aprofessional[B7]inEnglandearnsmore

than3,000poundsayear.Thestarscanearnalotmore.Internationalgolfandtennis

[B8]canmakemorethan50,000poundsinayear.[B9].Itisonly

possibleinsportsforindividuals,likegolf,tennisandmotor-racing.Perhapsthemost

surprisingthingaboutsportsmenandmoneyisthis,[B10].Anadvertisement

forsportsequipmentdoesnotsimplysay"Buyourthings".Itsays"Buythesameshirt

andshoesas...".Famoussportsmencanevenadvertisethingslikewatchesandfood.

[Bl1].Sportisnolongerjustsomethingforpeople'ssparetime.

37、[Bl]

标准答案：hunting

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：organized

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：usual

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：spare

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B51

标准答案：paid

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：ones

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：footballer

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：champions

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案；Ofcourse,onlyafewsportsmencanearnasmuchmoneyasthat

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：thestarscanearnmoremoneyfromadvertisingthanfromsports

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Theyallowthecompaniestousetheirnamesoraphotographofthemand

theyarepaidforthis

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。）

AU.S.biotechnology（生物工艺学）firmsaidonWednesdayithaddevelopedanew

techniquetoproducegenetically[SI1chickensthatcouldbeusedtoproduce

treatmentsforhumandiseases.Thetechnology,[S2]byscientistsatthe[S3]

CaliforniacompanyOrigenTherapeuticsandresearchersattheUniversityof

California,Davis,mayalsoleadtoimprovedpoultryproductionandchickens[S4]

toavianflu（禽流感）.Origenisoneofseveralbiotechgroupsthathavebeen

workingonnewwaystoproducehumanantibodiesandproteinsineggs,milkandfarm

crops.RobertKay,thepresidentofOrigen,saidinaninterviewthatthetechnology

wouldallowscientiststo[S5]thechicken[S6]inwaysthatcould

allowthemtoproducedrugsinverylargequantifiesanddevelopnewtherapies.The

technologyisbasedongeneticallyengineeringprimordialgermcells（原生殖细胞）,（he

precursorcellstosperm（精子）andeggs（卵子），inchickens.Marie-CecilevandeLavoir,

theseniorscientistatOrigen,saidthecellswerethekeytointroducinggenetic[S7]

intochickensandtopassingthemontofuture[S8].Thecompany

hopestousethetechnology,describedinthejournalNature,toproduceantibodybased

[S9]forillnessesandto[S10]theproblemofdrugresistancein

certaindiseases.A）elementsB）dueC）generationsD）cloneE）alterF）modifiedG）

genomeH)devisedI)therapiesJ)artificialK)overcomeL)privately-ownedM)produce

N)crucialO)resistant

48、[SI]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：modify意为“更改，修改"；artificial"人造的，假的、根据句子可以

推断此选项应选形容词性的词。再根据句意应选modify的过去分词。

49、[S2]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：devise意为“设计，发明此句话的主语是technology,谓语是may

leadodevised引导的过去分词短语修饰主语。

50、[S3]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选形容词性的词。privately-owned“私有

的”。

51、[S4]

标准答案：O

知识点解析:后面的to缩小了选项,只有due和resistant。dueto意为“由于”,而

resistantto为“抵抗”，故选resistant.

52、[S5]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选动词。alter意为“改变”。这句话的意思

是“此技术将使科学家改变鸡雏的基因，从而使它们产出大量的药物，用于新的治

疗”。

53、[S6]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选名词。Genome意为“基因组，染色体

组”。

54、[S7]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Elements意为“成分”，geneticelements”基因成分”。

55、[S8]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选名词。generation意为“一代”，future

generations“后代”。这句话的意思是“把这些基因成分传递到后代”。

56、[S9]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选名词。therapy意为“治疗”。

57、[S10]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：根据句子可以推断此选项应选动词。overcome意为“克服”。这句话

的意思是“解决某些疾病的抗药性问题。”

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

AuniversityStudentinNairobi,Kenya,wasstoppedforatrafficviolationtheotherday.

Thepolicemantookouthisticketbookandasked,"Whattribeareyou?"InLusaka,

Zambia（赞比亚），ayoungmanapplyinglorajobwastoldtoseethemanager.Heleaned

overthereceptionist'sdeskandasked,"Whattribeishe?"Whenthereceptionisttoldhim

thatthemanagerwasaMashona（马绍那人）,theapplicantreplied,"ThenI'llneverget

thejob."Thisphenomenoniscalledtribalism（部落制）.Therearemorethan2,000tribes

inblackAfrica.Eachhasitsownlanguage,customs,names,andphysicalcharacteristics

thatmakeitsmembersalmostimmediatelyrecognizabletoapersonfromanothertribe.

TotheWesterner,tribalismisoneofthemostdifficultofAfricancustomstounderstand.

Itmakesmanypeoplethinkofsavagely（里H生），warfare,orold-fashionedcustoms.

However,tomostAfricans,tribalismsimplymeansverystrongloyaltytoone'sethnic

group.Itisaforcethatcanbebothgoodandbad.Bydefinitiontribalismmeanssharing

amongmembersoftheextendedfamily.Itmakessurethatapersonistakencamofby

hisowngroup.Togiveajobtoafellowtribesmanisnotwrong;itisanobligation.

Similarly,forapoliticianormilitaryleader,itisconsideredgoodcommonsenseto

choosehisclosestadvisersfrompeopleofhisowntribe.Thisensuressecurity,

continuity,authority.Triballoyaltymaymeanaquickpromotion—fromsoldierto

captain,fromclerktomanager-withinaveryshorttime.ModemAfricanpoliticians

publiclyspeakoutagainsttribaldivisions.Yetitremainsperhapsthemostpowerfulforce

indaytodayAfricanlife.Asevidenceoftribalism,in1977inKenya,PresidentJomo

Kenyatta'sKikuyu（基库尤人）tribecontrolledbusinessandpolitics.Eightofthe21

cabinet（内阁）pests,includingthemostimportantfour,werefilledbyKikuyus.In

Ugandainthesameyear,:hePresident'ssmallKakwatribefilledalmostallthehighest

governmentandmilitarypositions.InAngola,Ethiopia,andNigeria,thefightinginthe

pasttenyearscanbepartlyexplainedbydisagreementsamongtribes.Onecountrythat

haslargelyavoidedtribalproblemsisTanzania.Someobserverssaythisispartlybecause

Tanzaniahassomanytribes（about120）thatnonehasbeenabletobecomeamajor

force.

58、Theapplicantreplied,"ThenI'llnevergetthejob.*'because.

A、hewasaMashona

B、hewasnotaMashona

C、becoulddothejob

D、hehadnosuchability

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第一段所举事例介绍说申请者在询问经理是哪个部落的，得知经理是

Mashona部落后申请者说“那我将永远不会得到这个工作了”。由此可以推断出申请

者这样说是因自己和经理并非来自同一部落，因此B项应为本题的正确答案。C项

和D项在文章中都无法找到依据，故应排除。

59、Thetwocases-auniversitystudentstoppedbythepolicemanandayoungman

applyingforajob,revealthat.

A^thelifeoftypicalyoungmeninAfricaisnoteasy

B、therearemoreconflictsinAfricancountries

C、tribalismisimportantinAfricansociety

D^theapplicationofajobisdifficultinAfrica

标准答案：c

知识点诵析：第一段举出两个事例的用意在文章第二段中第一句话做出了总结性的

说明：Thisphenomenoniscalledtribalism.（这种现象就叫部落制。）且通读全文后

可知文章的主题是在非洲部落制很重要，因此本题的最佳答案应该是C项。

60、Accordingtothearticle,tribalismcanhedefinedas.

A、givingajobtoafellowtribesman

B、aforcethatcanbebothgoodandbad

C^sharingamongmembersoftheextendedfamily

D、makingsurethatapersonistakencareofbyhisowngroup

标准答案：C

知识点解析：部落制的定义，文章在第三段中给予了明确说明：Bydefinition

tribalismmeanssharingamongmembersoftheextendedfamily.根据这句话,本题的

答案显而易见应该是C项“在广大家庭成员中分享“。

61、TheexamplesinParagraph4areintendedtoindicatebytheauthorthat.

A、modemAfricanpoliticianspubliclyspeakoutagainsttribaldivisions.

B、tribalismremainsthemostpowerfulforceindaytodayAfricanlife.

C^therearegreatdisagreementsamongdifferenttribes.

D、manyAfricancountriesarcinvolvedintribalproblems.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：在第四段中，作者列出几个部落制的证据。肯尼亚、乌干达、安哥

拉、埃塞俄比亚和尼日利亚发生的事情。A现代的非洲政治家们都公开反对部落纷

争。B表示部落制在非洲人的日常生活中具有最强大的力量。C不同部落之间存在

严重纷争。D许多非洲国家卷入部落问题。选项中的陈述虽然都是文中原句，但根

据上下文，这里部落制主要强调几个国家里都是某个部落控制国家政权，占有国家

最高政权和军权。所以B为答案。其他的可能是事实，但不是这里引用的目的。

62、Tanzaniaisacountrywhere.

A、therearemereserioustribalproblems

B、generallythereisnotmanytribes

C^thereisonlyonemajordominanttribalforce

D、thereareabout120tribes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章在最后一段介绍说，坦桑尼亚大体上避免了部落问题，因为有如

此多的部落（大约120个），没有一个部落能成为主流。但并不是说这个国家不存在

部落。因此本题的适当选项应该是D。

AtdawnonSeptemberSth,1972abandof"BlackSeptember"Arabguerrillas（游击队）

brokeintotheIsraeli（以色列）buildingintheOlympicvillagenearMunich（慕尼黑）where

10,000athleteswerestaying.Over250plainclothespolicehadbeenbroughtintothe

village,followingalip-offtroubleahead,butnoneofthemsawtheArabsscalethefence.

TheyburstintotheIsraelibuildingwithsubmachinegunsblazingat5:10am.Some

Israeliathletesescapedthroughthewindowsandsidedoors.Nineweretakenhostage.

Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200Palestinians（巴勒斯坦）heldinIsraelijails

andasafepassageoutofGermany.WithinhourstheOlympicvillagewassurroundedby

13,000police.TheOlympicGamesweresuspended.Aftersomenegotiations,the

terroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry.They

weretakenbyhelicoptertotheFurstenfieldmilitaryairport25milesfromMunich.Just

beforemidnighttheguerrillasandtheirhostagesbegantowalkacrossthetarmac（停机

坪）toawaitingBoeing727aircraft.Suddenlyalltheairportlightswereturnedoutand

Germanpolicesharpshootersopenedfire.Therescueattemptfailedtragically.Inthegun

battleallninehostageswerekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.Three

Arabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods.Onthe8th,Israeliplanes

bombedtenguerillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre.

63、Israeliathleteswereattackedandkidnappedpossiblybecause.

A^theyhadaconflictwiththeArabianguerrillas

B、theArabguerrillaswantedtosavethePalestiniansheldinIsraelijails

C、theywantedasafepassageoutofGermany

D、theArabguerrillashopedtogetalargesumofmoney

标准答案：B

知识点解析：解题的关键在文章第六句，意为“游击队员要求释放关在以色列监狱

里的200多名巴勒斯坦人并安全离开德国”。A项说“因为以色列运动员和游击队有

冲突。”这是文章讲的事实，但不是原因，故不能选。B项“阿拉伯游击队意在营救

被关押在以色列监狱中的巴勒斯坦人”，属实。C项“他们想要一个经过德国的安全

通道”。D项“阿拉伯游击队想要一大笔钱”，显然也不是他们的目的。可确定B为

正确答案。

64、Whenthetroubletookplace,theOlympicGames.

A、werecompleted

B、weregoingon

C、weretobefinished

D、weretotakeplace

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第八句可知，奥运会赛事被中止。意味着事件发生的时候，奥林

匹克运动会可能正在进行。B项“正在进行”，正是作者的隐含看法，所以正确，

65、Theterroristsweretoldthattheywouldbeprobablysentbyairto.

A、Italy

B、India

C、Syria

D、Nigeria

标准答案：c

知识点3析：根据选项，结合问题，可知选项涉及到国名。原文第九句是关键句：

恐怖分子被告知飞往某一个阿拉伯国家。A