上海市2025-2026学年-沪教版五四学制八年级下学期英语期末模拟卷（含答案）

上海市2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语模拟卷（沪教版五四制）（满分：100分，考试时间：90分钟）Part2Grammarandvocabulary(第二部分语法与词汇)II.Grammar填空(10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastsummer,Icameacrossanoldpotteryworkshopwhiletravelinginasmalltown.Themastertherewasakindoldman___1___spenthiswholelifemakingbeautifulvases.Hetoldmethatpotterywasnotjustaboutshapingclay.Itwasaboutfindingharmony___2___natureandart.Idecidedtotryitmyself.Atfirst,Iwas___3___scaredtotouchthespinningwheel.Themastersmiledandsaid,“You___4___worry.Everyonestartssomewhere.”Heguidedmyhandsgently.Slowly,theclaybegantotakeshapeundermyfingers.I___5___neverfeltsopeacefulbefore.Bytheendoftheday,Ihadmadeasmallbowl.Itwasnotperfect,butitwasmine.Themastersaid,“Thisbowl___6___byyourownhands.Thatisitstruevalue.”Irealizedthatcreativityisnotaboutbeingthebest.Itisaboutexpressing___7___uniqueinsideyou.BeforeIleft,themastergavemeapieceofadvice.“Keepcreating,”hesaid.“___8___youstoppracticing,youwilllosethejoy.”Ihaverememberedthosewordseversince.Now,wheneverIfeelstressed,Itakeoutmyclayandstartshaping.Itisoneofthe___9___rewardinghobbiesIhaveeverhad.Toanyonewhowantstotryart,myadviceissimple:justbegin.Youdon’tneedexpensivetools.Youjustneedthecourage___10___thefirststep.1.A.whichB.whoC.whom2.A.betweenB.amongC.with3.A.tooB.soC.very4.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’t5.A.haveB.hadC.has6.A.madeB.ismadeC.wasmade7.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing8.A.IfB.UnlessC.Although9.A.moreB.mostC.much10.A.takeB.takingC.totakeIII.五选四(8分)(A)althoughvalueexpectseverythinghardly阅读下面短文，从方框内选出可以填入空白处的选项，使文章完整通顺。方框中有两个多余选项。Mygrandmothertaughtmethetrue___1___ofmoney.Shegrewupduringadifficulttimewhenherfamilyhad___2___enoughtoeat.Shelearnedtosaveeverycoinandneverwasteanything.___3___sheisnowmuchbetteroff,shestilllivesasimplelife.Shealwayssays,“Moneyisatool,notagoal.”Shenever___4___otherstogiveherexpensivegifts.Instead,shetreasureshomemadecardsandsmallactsofkindness.HerexamplehasmademethinkcarefullyabouthowIspendmypocketmoney.(B)floweryconfidentlyeffectgradeimagePublicspeakingcanbescaryformanystudents.Thethoughtofstandinginfrontoftheclassmightmakeyourheartrace.However,learningtospeak___1___isanimportantskill.Yourbodylanguageandthe___2___youprojectmatterasmuchasyourwords.Wearingsimple,neatclothesisbetterthanchoosinga___3___outfitthatdrawsattentionawayfromyourmessage.Practicinginfrontofamirrorcanhaveapositive___4___onyourperformance.Remember,everygreatspeakerstartedasabeginner.IV.词性转换(8分)用括号内单词的适当形式填空。1.TuYouyou’samazing______hassavedmillionsoflives.(discover)2.Thefloodcausedserious______tothesmallvillage.(destroy)3.Hepaintedthesunsetso______thatIcouldalmostfeelthewarmth.(vivid)4.Shedressesinavery______waythatattractseveryone’sattention.(fashion)5.Weshouldlearntobefinancially______beforewestartearningmoney.(dependence)6.Theearthquakehappenedso______thatpeoplehadnotimetorunout.(rapid)7.Atruefriendisalways______andneverleavesyouwhenyouareintrouble.(care)8.Theinventionofthetelephonewasoneofthegreatest______inhistory.(invent)V.句型转换(14分)按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1.TuYouyoudiscoveredArteannuinfromaChineseherbalmedicine.(改为一般疑问句)______TuYouyou______ArteannuinfromaChineseherbalmedicine?2.Thefirstmobilephonewasverylargeandheavy.(对划线部分提问)____________thefirstmobilephonelike?3.YouhavenevertriedChinesecalligraphybefore,____________?(改为反意疑问句)4.Themuseumissocrowdedthatwecannotseethepaintingsclearly.(改为同义句)Themuseumis______crowdedforus______seethepaintingsclearly.5.Theteacherasked,“Canrobotsthinklikehumansoneday?”(改为宾语从句)Theteacherasked______robots______thinklikehumansoneday.6.Apowerfultyphoondestroyedmanyhousesalongthecoast.(改为被动语态)Manyhousesalongthecoast____________byapowerfultyphoon.7.patience/leadsto/ofhow/creating/thisis/aperfectexample/amasterpieceofart/.(连词成句)___________________________________________________________________________.第三部分阅读(共40分)VI.阅读理解(40分)A篇(12分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In1928,AlexanderFleming,aScottishscientist,returnedtohismessylaboratoryafteravacation.Henoticedsomethingunusual.Amould(霉菌)hadgrownonabacteriaculturedishhehadleftout.Aroundthemould,thebacteriahadbeenkilled.Fleminghadaccidentallydiscoveredpenicillin,theworld’sfirstantibiotic(抗生素).Thisdiscoverychangedmedicineforever.Beforepenicillin,asimpleinfectionfromacutcouldkillaperson.Doctorshadnowaytostopbacteriaoncetheyenteredthebody.PenicillinbecamealifesaverduringWorldWarII,treatinginfectedwoundsandsavingthousandsofsoldiers.However,Flemingdidnotworkalone.Tenyearslater,twootherscientists,HowardFloreyandErnstChain,figuredouthowtoproducepenicillininlargequantities.Theyalsodevelopeditintoamedicinethatcouldbegiventopatients.Fortheirwork,allthreescientistssharedtheNobelPrizein1945.Today,wefaceanewproblem:antibioticresistance(耐药性).Becauseantibioticshavebeenusedtoooften,somebacteriahavelearnedtosurvivethem.Scientistsarenowracingtodiscovernewantibiotics.FleminghimselfwarnedaboutthisdangerinhisNobelPrizespeech.Hesaid,“Thethoughtlesspersonplayingwithpenicillintreatmentismorallyresponsibleforthedeathofthemanwhofinallysuccumbsto(死于)aninfectionresistanttopenicillin.”1.HowdidFlemingdiscoverpenicillin?A.Hefounditthroughalongandcarefulexperiment.B.Hediscovereditbyaccidentafterreturningfromaholiday.C.Helearnedaboutitfromanancientmedicalbook.D.Hewasaskedbythearmytofindanewmedicine.2.Whatwasmedicinelikebeforethediscoveryofpenicillin?A.Doctorscouldeasilycureanyinfection.B.Asmallinfectioncouldbedeadly.C.Antibioticswerealreadywidelyused.D.Mostpeoplediedfromflu.3.WhatdidFloreyandChaincontributetothediscoveryofpenicillin?A.Theyfirstnoticedthemouldonthedish.B.TheywontheNobelPrizealone.C.Theyfoundawaytomass-producepenicillin.D.Theynamedthenewmedicine“penicillin”.4.Whatisthenewproblemmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Penicillinistooexpensiveforpoorpeople.B.Somebacteriaarenolongerkilledbyantibiotics.C.Scientistshavestoppedresearchingantibiotics.D.Fleming’swarningwasignoredbyeveryone.5.Theunderlinedphrase“playingwith”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.usingcarelesslyB.havingfunwithC.studyingseriouslyD.refusingtoaccept6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toexplainhowtousepenicillincorrectly.B.Todescribethediscoveryofpenicillinanditsimportance.C.Toarguethatantibioticsshouldbebanned.D.Tocomparedifferenttypesofantibiotics.B篇(14分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Moneycannotbuyhappiness,butlearningtomanageitcancertainlyreducestress.Manyteenagersreceivepocketmoneyorearncashbydoing___1___athome.Thekeyisnothowmuchyouhave,buthowyouuseit.Oneusefulmethodisthe50-30-20rule.This___2___suggeststhatyouspend50%ofyourmoneyonthingsyouneed,suchasschoolsuppliesorbusfare.Then,youcanuse30%forthingsyouwant,likeanewvideogameoramovieticket.The___3___20%shouldgointosavings.Thishelpsyouprepareforthefutureorunexpectedexpenses.However,manyyoungpeoplefindithardto___4___thisrule.Theyseesomethingtheywantandbuyitimmediately.Thisiscalledimpulsebuying(冲动消费).Toavoidthis,trywaitingfor24hoursbeforemakingapurchase.Often,the___5___tobuywilldisappear.Beingresponsiblewithmoneyalsomeansunderstandingthe___6___between“needs”and“wants”.Anewphonemightfeellikeaneed,butifyouroldonestillworks,itisactuallyawant.Learningtheseskillsearlywillhelpyoubecomemore___7___whenyougrowup.Afterall,goodmoneyhabitsstartyoung.1.A.homeworkB.choresC.shoppingD.sports2.A.ruleB.questionC.storyD.accident3.A.lastB.firstC.remainingD.extra4.A.breakB.explainC.followD.change5.A.memoryB.chanceC.abilityD.desire6.A.differenceB.similarityC.relationshipD.distance7.A.carefulB.independentC.generousD.traditionalC篇(10分)阅读下面的对话，从所给的A-G七个句子中选出五个合适的句子填入空白处，使对话完整、通顺。有两个多余选项。A.That’strue,butdon’tforgettheenvironmentalcost.B.Soit’sbasicallyaveryfast,eco-friendlytrain?C.Canyoutellmemoreabouthowitworks?D.I’vealwaysbeenafraidofflying,tobehonest.E.Thatsoundsalmostlikesciencefiction!F.It’snotsuitablefortravelingbetweencountries.G.Andit’smuchquieterthanaregulartrain.Amy:Hey,Ben.Haveyouheardaboutthenewhigh-speedmaglevtrainthatChinaisdeveloping?Ben:Maglev?Whatdoesthatmean?Amy:Itstandsfor“magneticlevitation”.Thetrainusesmagnetstofloatabovethetracks.(1)______Ben:Wait,sothere’snofriction(摩擦力)?(2)______Amy:Exactly.Itcanreachspeedsover600kilometersperhour.That’sfasterthanmanyairplanes.Ben:(3)______Howdotheyevenstopsomethinggoingthatfast?Amy:Thesamemagnetsthatliftthetraincanalsoslowitdown.It’sverysmoothandsafe.Ben:(4)______Won’tituseahugeamountofelectricity?Amy:Actually,it’squiteenergy-efficient.Plus,itproducesnodirectemissions.Ben:(5)______I’dlovetotryitsomeday.Itsoundsmuchbetterthansittinginanoisyplane.D篇(4分)回答问题。阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。Haveyoueverreceivedagiftthatmadeyoufeeltrulyspecial?Often,themostvaluablepresentsarenotthemostexpensiveones.Ahandmadecard,acarefullychosenbook,orevenjustafewhoursofsomeone’stimecanmeanmorethanacostlyitem.Psychologistshavestudiedthisphenomenon.Theyfoundthatpeoplefeelmoreconnectedtogiftsthatshoweffortandthoughtfulness.Ahandmadegifttellsthereceiver,“Ispenttimethinkingaboutyou.”Thiscreatesastrongeremotionalbondthansimplybuyingsomethingfromastore.Incontrast,expensivegiftscansometimescreatepressure.Thereceivermightfeeltheyhavetogivesomethingequallycostlyinreturn.Thisdoesnotmeanyoushouldneverbuypresents.Awell-chosenstore-boughtgiftcanalsobethoughtfulifitshowsyouknowtheperson’sinterests.Thekeyistheintentionbehindthegift,notthepricetag.Asmallbookbyyourfriend’sfavoriteauthorcanbemoremeaningfulthananexpensivebutgenericgiftcard.Sonexttimeyouneedtogiveagift,remember:thoughtfulnessmattersmorethanmoney.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofgiftmakespeoplefeelmoreconnected?_________________________________________________________________2.Whatnegativefeelingmightanexpensivegiftcreateforthereceiver?_________________________________________________________________3.Whencanastore-boughtgiftbethoughtful?_________________________________________________________________4.Whatisthekeytoameaningfulgift?_________________________________________________________________第四部分写作(共20分)VII.中译英(10分)根据所给中文，将下列句子翻译成完整的英语句子。1.那位科学家自愿在她自己身上测试这种新药。_________________________________________________________________2.令我们惊讶的是，这个八岁的孩子能如此清晰地解释这个经济问题。_________________________________________________________________3.无论谁最后离开教室，都应该记得锁门。_________________________________________________________________4.在台风期间，低洼地区的居民被紧急疏散到了安全的地方。_________________________________________________________________5.与其说是他出色的画技，不如说是他独特的创意吸引了观众的注意。_________________________________________________________________VIII.写作(10分)从下面的话题中任选一个，写一篇不少于80词的短文。体裁可以是信件、邮件或短文。话题：-AnaturaldisasterIwillneverforget-Themostimportantinventioninmyeyes-Whattruefriendshipmeanstome-HowIlearnedtomanagemypocketmoney________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案II1.B2.A3.A4.B5.B6.C7.A8.A9.B10.CIII.五选四(A)1.value2.hardly3.Although4.expects(B)1.confidently2.image3.flowery4.effectIV.词性转换1.discovery2.destruction3.vividly4.fashionable5.independent6.rapidly7.caring8.inventionsV.句型转换1.Did,discover2.What,was3.haveyou4.too