山东省临沂市2025-2026学年高一上学期普通高中学科素养水平监测期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省临沂市2025-2026学年高一上学期普通高中学科素养水平监测期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATipsonWhattoEatvs.LimitfortheDASHDASH(DietaryApproachestoStopHypertension(高血压)isaflexible(灵活的)andbalancedeatingplanthathelpscreateahearthealthyeatingstyleforlife.Ithardlyrequiresanyspecialfoodsandprovidesdailyandweeklynutritionalgoals.TheDASHeatingplansupportsoverallhearthealthandhelpsreducehighbloodpressureandLDL“bad”cholesterol.Thisplansuggests:◆Eatingvegetables,fruits,andwholegrains◆Includingfat-freeorlow-fatdairyproducts,fish,poultry,beans,nuts,andvegetableoils◆Limitingfoodsthatarehighinsaturatedfat,suchasfattymeats,full-fatdairyproducts,andtropicaloilssuchascoconut,palmkernel,andpalmoils◆Limitingsugar-sweeteneddrinksandsweetfoodsBasedonthesesuggestions,thefollowingcharts(图)showexamplesofdailyandweeklyservings(份)thatmeetDASHeatingplantargetsfora2,000-calorie-a-daydiet.*1,500milligrams(mg)sodium(钠)lowersbloodpressureevenfurtherthan2,300mgsodiumdaily.WhenfollowingtheDASHeatingplan,itisimportanttochoosefoodsthatare:◆Lowinsaturatedandtransfats◆Richinpotassium,calcium,magnesium,fiber,andprotein◆LowerinsodiumThenumberofservingsyoushouldhaveeachdaydependsonyourdailycalorieneeds.Tofindyourspecificdailycalorieneeds,usetheBodyWeightPlanner(niddk.nih.gov/bwp).Findtheinformationaboutcaloriesandtheamountofsodiuminfoodsonnutritionfactslabels,mobileapplications,oronline.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheDASHaccordingtothepassage?A.It’sfixedandbalanced.B.Itneedssomespecialfoods.C.Itcanremovehighbloodpressure.D.Ithelpslowerhighbloodpressure.2.Accordingtothecharts,whichmeetsa2,000-caloriedailydiet?A.9ofgrains,5ofvegetables,6offruits,4offatsandoils.B.7ofgrains,3ofvegetables,5offruits,5orlesssweets.C.8ofgrains,4ofvegetables,5offruits,3oflow-fatdairyproducts.D.5ofgrains,6ofvegetables,4offruits,7ofleanmeatsandfish.3.WhatdirectlydecidestheamountofthedailyservingsregardingtheDASH?A.Bodyweight. B.Dailycalorieneeds.C.Currenteatinghabits. D.Thesizeofaserving.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍DASH饮食方案的相关内容，包括其作用、饮食建议、每日每周食用份量及选择食物的关键要点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheDASHeatingplansupportsoverallhearthealthandhelpsreducehighbloodpressureandLDL“bad”cholesterol.(DASH饮食方案有助于整体心脏健康，并帮助降低高血压和低密度脂蛋白“有害”胆固醇。)”可知，DASH饮食方案能够帮助降低高血压。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中图形上方的“Basedonthesesuggestions,thefollowingchartsshowexamplesofdailyandweeklyservingsthatmeetDASHeatingplantargetsfora2,000-calorie-a-daydiet.(基于这些建议，以下图表展示了满足DASH饮食方案每日2000卡路里饮食目标的每日和每周食用份量示例。)”以及饮食建议对应的各类食物食用份量要求可知，8份谷物、4份蔬菜、5份水果、3份低脂乳制品的搭配符合2000卡路里的每日饮食标准。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thenumberofservingsyoushouldhaveeachdaydependsonyourdailycalorieneeds.(你每天的食用份量取决于你的每日卡路里需求。)”可知，每日卡路里需求直接决定了DASH饮食方案中每日的食用份量。故选B项。BIhavealwaysrememberedthemomentsspentwithmygreat-grandmother,Memmie,thepersonIadmiremostinthisworld.Memmiewasbornin1909—atimemarkedbytheconstructionoftheTitanicandaworldstillfiveyearsawayfromtheoutbreakofWorldWarⅠ.Shefarmed,raisedthreechildren,andstillfoundtimetorunasmallcafe.Everyoneinthatlittletownlookeduptoherwithrespect,buttome,shewassimplyMemmie.WhenIwaslittle,IknewthatMemmiewasold.Itwasn’theraginghandsthatgaveheraway;itwasherconfidenceandstraight-talk.Shealwayssaidexactlywhatshethought.SometimesIfeltabitafraid,yetIstillknewshelovedme.MysisterandIwerefreetodigthroughMemmie’sbasement(地下室).Thisfreedomtonosearoundwaslikeherwayofsaying“Iloveyou”.I’dopenthosedrawers,andmy10-year-oldheartracedwithexcitement,wonderingwhattreasuresImightfind.WereadReader’sDigest,andasItriedondresseswithwhitedressglovesthatsmelledlikemothballs(樟脑丸),Iwasconnectedtoadifferenttime.MemmiewasalwaystheoldestpersonIknew,andmysisterandItriedtofindouthersecrettoalong,healthylife.“Itmustbealltheorganic(有机的)vegetablessheatewhengrowingup,”mysistersaid.Ididn’tthinkso.Then,oneday,wedecidedtoaskher.Wesatnexttoher,waitingtotakenotes.Withouthesitation,shereplied,“Don’tworrysomuch.”Huh.Ihadexpectedabiggeranswer,butthiswasMemmie.Alwaystruthfulandtothepoint.Sadlysheleftuslaterthatyear.Growingup,Ioftenwatchedmygreat-grandmotherlivewithaserenegrace,deeplyacceptingthepresentandfindingpleasureineverymoment.It’sagiftshehaspassedon,andoneItrytoremembereveryday.4.WhydoestheauthormentiontheTitanicandWorldWarIA.ToshowMemmie’sinterestinhistory.B.TocompareMemmie’slifewiththeauthor’s.C.ToexplainwhyMemmiecouldlivealonglife.D.TointroducethehistoricalperiodMemmielivedin.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“nosearound”inParagraph3mean?A.Explore. B.Smell. C.Getthrough. D.Checkin.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMemmie?A.Strictandhumorous. B.Curiousandtruthful.C.Positiveandhardworking. D.Worriedandoutgoing.7.What’sthe“gift”Memmiehaspassedonaccordingtotheauthor?A.Familylove. B.Acceptingthepresent.C.Healthyeating. D.Speakingyourmindhonestly.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对曾祖母Memmie的回忆，介绍其生平、性格特点，以及她教会作者活在当下、享受当下的人生智慧。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Memmiewasbornin1909—atimemarkedbytheconstructionoftheTitanicandaworldstillfiveyearsawayfromtheoutbreakofWorldWarⅠ.(Memmie出生于1909年，那个年代以泰坦尼克号的建造为标志，距离第一次世界大战爆发还有五年时间)”可推知，作者提及泰坦尼克号和一战，是为了介绍Memmie所生活的那个历史时期。故选D项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“MysisterandIwerefreetodigthroughMemmie’sbasement.Thisfreedomtonosearoundwaslikeherwayofsaying“Iloveyou”.I’dopenthosedrawers,andmy10-year-oldheartracedwithexcitement,wonderingwhattreasuresImightfind.(我和妹妹可以随意翻找Memmie的地下室。这份随意nosearound的自由就像是她在说“我爱你”。我会打开那些抽屉，十岁的我心潮澎湃，好奇自己能找到什么宝藏)”可知，“nosearound”指代前文出现的“digthrough”，后文又描述了打开抽屉、寻找宝藏的具体行为，结合上下文的动作和心理描写可推知，该短语意为“探寻、探索”。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Shefarmed,raisedthreechildren,andstillfoundtimetorunasmallcafe.(她种地，抚养三个孩子，还能挤出时间开一家小咖啡馆)”可知，Memmie十分勤劳；根据最后一段中的“Growingup,Ioftenwatchedmygreat-grandmotherlivewithaserenegrace,deeplyacceptingthepresentandfindingpleasureineverymoment.(在成长过程中，我常常看到曾祖母以一种平和优雅的方式生活，坦然接受当下，在每一个瞬间中寻找乐趣)”以及她给出的长寿秘诀“Don’tworrysomuch(不要这么担忧)”可知，她心态积极。由此推知，Memmie是积极且勤劳的人。故选C项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Growingup,Ioftenwatchedmygreat-grandmotherlivewithaserenegrace,deeplyacceptingthepresentandfindingpleasureineverymoment.It’sagiftshehaspassedon,andoneItrytoremembereveryday.(在成长过程中，我常常看到曾祖母以一种平和优雅的方式生活，坦然接受当下，在每一个瞬间中寻找乐趣。这是她传递给我的礼物，也是我每天努力铭记的道理)”可知，Memmie传递给作者的礼物是坦然接受当下的人生态度。故选B项。CAnincreasingnumberoftravelersareactivelylookingforvacationsfreefromthecontinuousdemandsoftechnology.These“digitaldetox”retreats(静修处),oftenlocatedinnaturalsettingsfaraway,requiregueststoleavetheirsmartphonesandotherdevicesaloneuponarrival.Theprimarygoalistoencouragegueststobefullypresent,connectingwiththeirsurroundingsandfellowtravelerswithoutdigitaldistractions(分心).Arecentmarketresearchreportshowedthatover60%ofpeoplequestionedunder35wouldconsideraholidaythatlimitsscreentime.Asaresult,thetourismindustryischangingtoadapttothis.Soanewtraveltrend(趋势)appears.Numeroustravelcompaniesnowspecializeinsuchexperiences,offeringactivitieslikeguidedhiking,meditation,andworkshopsontraditionalcrafts—alldesignedtofillthetimeoncecoveredbyscreens.However,someexpertsquestionthelong-termeffectivenessoftheseshortdisconnections.Theyarguethattheadvantagesmightdisappearquicklyoncetravelersreturntotheirdailylives,whichareoftenstructuredarounddigitaltools.Truechange,theysuggest,requireschangingone’srelationshipwithtechnologyinthelongrun,notjustescapingitforaweek.Despitethedebate,peoplewhotakepartinquestionnaireoftenreportpositiveresults.Manydescribefeelingasignificantreductioninanxietyandarenewedabilitytofocusonsingletasks.Theexperience,forthem,isn’taboutquittingtechnologyforever,butaboutresettingtheirdigitalhabitsandrediscoveringthevalueofreal-worldengagement(参与),whilealsoofferingachanceforself-reflection(自我反思).Thissuggeststhatevenashortdetoxcanserveasapowerfulreminderoflifebeyondthescreen.8.Whatcausesthetourismindustry’sactivechangetodigitaldetoxvacations?A.Thepopularityoftraditionalcraftworkshops.B.Therisingdemandreflectedinmarketresearch.C.Theencouragementfrommanytravelcompanies.D.Theprovensuccessofsuchretreatsinimprovinghealth.9.Whydosomeexpertsquestiondigitaldetoxvacations?A.Theirpositiveeffectsmaynotbelasting.B.Theyfailtoprovideenoughrelatedactivities.C.Theyaretooexpensiveformostpeopletoafford.D.Theyforcepeopleintoanuncomfortablelifestyle.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Theshortbreakoffersavaluablechanceforreflectionandreset.B.Thedebateovertheeffectivenessofdigitaldetoxislikelytocontinue.C.Theindustryshouldcreatemorediversepackagestoattractcustomers.D.Digitaldetoxvacationsaretheonlysolutiontotechnologydependence.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebestplacesforapeacefulvacation.B.Theinfluenceofsocialmediaontourism.C.Thegrowingtrendofdigitaldetoxvacations.D.Thementalhealthproblemscausedbydigitaldevices.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“数字排毒旅行”，讨论了这种新兴旅游形式的背景、争议和意义。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Arecentmarketresearchreportshowedthatover60%ofpeoplequestionedunder35wouldconsideraholidaythatlimitsscreentime.Asaresult,thetourismindustryischangingtoadapttothis.(最近的一份市场调研报告显示，在35岁以下的受访者中，超过60%的人会考虑限制屏幕使用时间的假期。因此，旅游业正在做出调整以适应这一情况。)”可知，市场调研中反映出的人们对数字排毒度假的上升需求，促使旅游业积极做出相关调整。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“However,someexpertsquestionthelong-termeffectivenessoftheseshortdisconnections.Theyarguethattheadvantagesmightdisappearquicklyoncetravelersreturntotheirdailylives,whichareoftenstructuredarounddigitaltools.(然而，一些专家对这些短期的脱离科技的方式的长期效果提出了质疑。他们认为，一旦旅行者回到以数字工具为核心的日常生活中，这些好处可能会迅速消失。)”可知，专家质疑数字排毒度假，是因为认为其带来的积极效果可能无法持久。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“Manydescribefeelingasignificantreductioninanxietyandarenewedabilitytofocusonsingletasks.Theexperience,forthem,isn’taboutquittingtechnologyforever,butaboutresettingtheirdigitalhabitsandrediscoveringthevalueofreal-worldengagement(参与),whilealsoofferingachanceforself-reflection(自我反思).(许多人表示，他们的焦虑感显著降低，重新获得了专注于单一任务的能力。对他们来说，这段经历并非意味着永远放弃科技，而是重置自己的数字习惯，重新发现现实世界参与的价值，同时也提供了一个自我反思的机会。)”可知，从最后一段能得知，这场短暂的数字排毒假期为人们提供了宝贵的反思机会，也让人们得以重置数字习惯。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Anincreasingnumberoftravelersareactivelylookingforvacationsfreefromthecontinuousdemandsoftechnology.These“digitaldetox”retreats(静修处),oftenlocatedinnaturalsettingsfaraway,requiregueststoleavetheirsmartphonesandotherdevicesaloneuponarrival.(越来越多的旅行者正积极寻找远离科技无休止干扰的假期。这些“数字排毒”静修处通常位于偏远的自然环境中，要求客人抵达后放下智能手机和其他电子设备。)”，并结合全文内容可知，文章围绕数字排毒度假展开，介绍了该度假方式的出现背景、旅游业的应对措施、专家的质疑以及游客的反馈，核心是讲述数字排毒度假这一日益兴起的旅游趋势。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtowakeupwithmoreenergyHaveyouexperiencedstrugglingtogetoutofbedinthemorning,thenfelttiredallday?Thereareplentyofpracticalstepsyoucantaketohavebetterenergyinthemorning.Thekeytomoreenergyiscreatingmicrohabitsthroughouttheday.____12____Here’swhattodo...____13____Havingaregularsleepstylesetsyourinternalbodyclock.Ifyougotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeachday,evenatweekends,you’llfinditeasiertofallasleepatnightandeasiertowakeupinthemorning.Getoutsidefor20minutesassoonaspossibleViewingmorningsunlightisinthetopfiveofallactionsthatsupportmentalhealth,physicalhealthandperformance.____14____Evenoncloudydays,there’senoughlighttocausetheeffects,butyou’llneedtospendmoretimeoutside.You’llfeellesstiredafterlightexposure.Doatwo-minuteburstofmovementwhenyougetup____15____Itdoesn’thavetobemuch.Afewsungreetingsoradancetotheradiowhileyoumakeyourcoffee,oraquickwalkafteryou’vedrunkitwillwakeyouup.Thismildandbriefformofexerciseisoftenenoughtokeepthemindsharpandimprovememoryfunctionthroughouttheday.HaveahandfulofblueberriesResearchhasshownthateatingblueberriescanimproveconcentrationandmemory.Ablueberrysmoothieforbreakfast,orevenahandfulonyourporridge,canhelptowakeyouup.____16____A.Keeparegularsleepschedule.B.Takea90-secondcoldshower.C.Itcanworkforfivehoursaftereatingthem.D.Attheveryleastlookoutofanopenwindow.E.Morningexerciseimprovesattentionandmemory.F.Youcangetoutsidefor5-10minutesonsunnydays.G.It’sthesmallhealthdecisionsthatmakethebigdifference.【答案】12.G13.A14.F15.E16.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何晨起更有精力提出几点建议。【12题详析】根据上文“Thekeytomoreenergyiscreatingmicrohabitsthroughouttheday.(提升精力的关键，是在一整天中养成微习惯)”以及下文“Here’swhattodo...(以下是具体做法……)”可知，此空需要承接前文“养成微习惯”的核心观点，点明微习惯的重要作用，自然引出后文的具体做法。G选项“It’sthesmallhealthdecisionsthatmakethebigdifference.(正是这些微小的健康选择，才带来了巨大的改变)”中的“smallhealthdecisions”与前文的“microhabits”形成同义呼应，精准点明微习惯/微小健康选择的重要性，为后文具体微习惯的介绍做铺垫，符合语境。故选G项。【13题详析】此处为段落小标题，需精准概括本段核心内容。根据下文“Havingaregularsleepstylesetsyourinternalbodyclock.Ifyougotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeachday,evenatweekends,you’llfinditeasiertofallasleepatnightandeasiertowakeupinthemorning.(规律的睡眠模式能校准你的生物钟。如果每天都在同一时间睡觉、起床，即便是周末，你会发现晚上更容易入睡，早上也更容易醒来)”可知，本段核心是建议保持规律的作息时间，固定入睡和起床的时刻。A选项“Keeparegularsleepschedule.(保持规律的作息)”高度概括本段主旨，“regularsleepschedule”与文中的“regularsleepstyle”“gotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeachday”形成直接呼应，统领全段内容，符合小标题要求。故选A项。【14题详析】根据本段小标题“Getoutsidefor20minutesassoonaspossible(尽快出门待20分钟)”以及上文“Viewingmorningsunlightisinthetopfiveofallactionsthatsupportmentalhealth,physicalhealthandperformance.(晒早晨的太阳是对身心健康和身体状态最有益的五大行为之一)”、下文“Evenoncloudydays,there’senoughlighttocausetheeffects,butyou’llneedtospendmoretimeoutside.(即便是阴天，也有足够的光线产生效果，只是需要在户外待更久)”可知，此空需要补充晴天的户外时长建议，与后文阴天的情况形成对比，贴合“晨起晒阳光”的主题。F选项“Youcangetoutsidefor5-10minutesonsunnydays.(晴天时，你可以在户外待5到10分钟)”紧扣“晨起晒阳光”的核心，明确给出晴天的户外时长，与后文“阴天需待更久”形成逻辑衔接，同时呼应小标题中“出门待20分钟”的整体建议，符合语境。故选F项。【15题详析】根据本段小标题“Doatwo-minuteburstofmovementwhenyougetup(起床后做两分钟短时运动)”以及下文“Itdoesn’thavetobemuch.Afewsungreetingsoradancetotheradiowhileyoumakeyourcoffee,oraquickwalkafteryou’vedrunkitwillwakeyouup.Thismildandbriefformofexerciseisoftenenoughtokeepthemindsharpandimprovememoryfunctionthroughouttheday.(运动量不必太大。做几个拜日式，煮咖啡时跟着收音机跳会儿舞，或是喝完咖啡后快速走一走，都能让你清醒过来。这种温和又简短的运动，通常足以让大脑保持敏锐，还能提升一整天的记忆力)”可知，此空需要先点明晨起短时运动的作用，为后文的具体运动举例和效果说明做铺垫。E选项“Morningexerciseimprovesattentionandmemory.(晨起运动能提升专注力和记忆力)”紧扣“起床后做两分钟运动”的主题，直接点明晨起运动的核心益处，与后文“让大脑保持敏锐、提升记忆力”形成呼应，自然引出后文的具体运动方式，符合语境。故选E项。【16题详析】根据本段小标题“Haveahandfulofblueberries(吃一把蓝莓)”以及上文“Researchhasshownthateatingblueberriescanimproveconcentrationandmemory.Ablueberrysmoothieforbreakfast,orevenahandfulonyourporridge,canhelptowakeyouup.(研究表明，吃蓝莓能提升专注力和记忆力。早餐喝一杯蓝莓奶昔，甚至只是在粥里加一把蓝莓，都能帮你清醒过来)”可知，此空需要进一步补充吃蓝莓的效果，点明其提神、提升能力的持续时间，完善本段关于吃蓝莓的建议。C选项“Itcanworkforfivehoursaftereatingthem.(吃完蓝莓后，其效果能持续五小时)”中的“It”指代前文吃蓝莓的行为及效果，精准补充了蓝莓效果的持续时长，是对前文“吃蓝莓能提神、提升专注力和记忆力”的进一步说明，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SanadreamedofbecomingafamousarchitecteversinceseeingtheEiffelTowerinaschooltextbook.Yetherjourneywasn’tas____17____asshe’dexpected.Herfirstmajorsetback(挫折)camewhenapplyingforaninternship(实习岗)atanarchitecture____18____.Shehadspentweeks____19____herprojects,confidentthatherworkwouldimpressthem.However,shehadadeadlybreakdownbythe____20____:“You’renotexperiencedenough.”Foramoment,sheconsideredgivingup.Butthewordshermothersaidkeptringinginherears:“Successdoesn’tcome____21____.Itfavorsthosewhorefusetoquit.”Inspired,sheworkedhardtoperfectherdesigns.Sheworkedwithlocalbuildersto____22____hands-onexperience.Asmallcommunitycenterdesignthatshecreatedwaseven____23____byalocalfamousmagazine.Slowly,herreputation(名望)____24____.Monthslater,thesamecompanycalled,offeringarolein____25____anewcitymuseum—adreamchance.She_____26_____,andshemadeuphermindtoachieveherdreamsthroughherownefforts.Thensheworkedhardtodealwiththe_____27_____projectbylearningfromexperiencedarchitectsandsawherideastakeshapeatlast.Onopeningday,visitorsadmiredthemuseum,unawareofthecountlesshours,_____28_____nights,andstrugglesbehindit.Sanasmiled,herheartfullof_____29_____.Sincethen,hernamebegantoappearinarchitecturemagazinesmoreoften.She_____30_____shehadtrulyfollowedherpassionandshehadworkedtirelesslyforit.Throughoutthejourney,sherefusedtoletdifficulties_____31_____her.17.A.smooth B.difficult C.worthwhile D.amazing18.A.store B.community C.company D.apartment19.A.preparingfor B.lookingfor C.fillingin D.takingdown20.A.invitation B.refusal C.surprise D.impression21.A.slowly B.overnight C.actually D.secretly22.A.lose B.gain C.need D.find23.A.criticized B.warned C.refused D.recognized24.A.grew B.fell C.ruined D.recovered25.A.investigating B.preserving C.designing D.processing26.A.listened B.wondered C.failed D.accepted27.A.annoying B.challenging C.boring D.confusing28.A.peaceful B.magical C.sleepless D.fearless29.A.pride B.curiosity C.anger D.appreciation30.A.agreed B.predicted C.remembered D.realized31.A.help B.support C.beat D.encourage【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B21.B22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.A30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了萨娜从小梦想成为著名建筑师，追梦路上遭遇实习岗位被拒的挫折，却在母亲的鼓励下没有放弃，通过努力，最终被曾拒绝她的公司邀请参与城市博物馆设计，凭借努力完成项目并实现梦想的故事。【17题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她的追梦之路并不像她预想的那样顺利。A.smooth顺利的；B.difficult困难的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.amazing令人惊叹的。根据上文“SanadreamedofbecomingafamousarchitecteversinceseeingtheEiffelTowerinaschooltextbook.”和下文“Herfirstmajorsetbackcamewhenapplyingforaninternship”可知，萨娜的追梦之路遭遇了重大挫折，并非预想中那般顺利，故选A。【18题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的第一次重大挫折出现在申请一家建筑公司的实习岗位时。A.store商店；B.community社区；C.company公司；D.apartment公寓。根据下文“Monthslater,thesamecompanycalled,offeringarole”可知，萨娜最初申请的是一家建筑公司的实习岗，后文也再次提及这家公司，故选C。【19题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她花了数周时间准备自己的项目作品，确信自己的成果能给对方留下深刻印象。A.preparingfor准备；B.lookingfor寻找；C.fillingin填写；D.takingdown记下。根据上文“applyingforaninternshipatanarchitecture”和下文“herprojects,confidentthatherworkwouldimpressthem”可知，为了申请实习岗，萨娜花费数周准备自己的项目作品，故选A。【20题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她被直接拒绝，理由是：“你经验不足。”A.invitation邀请；B.refusal拒绝；C.surprise惊喜；D.impression印象。根据下文“You’renotexperiencedenough.”和“Foramoment,sheconsideredgivingup.”可知，萨娜因经验不足被拒绝，这一结果让她险些放弃梦想，故选B。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：成功不会一蹴而就，它眷顾那些拒绝放弃的人。A.slowly缓慢地；B.overnight一夜之间、突然；C.actually实际上；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文萨娜遭遇求职挫折，以及下文“Itfavorsthosewhorefusetoquit.”可知，母亲的话是想告诉她成功并非突然到来、一蹴而就的，需要坚持和努力，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和当地的建筑从业者合作，以此积累实践经验。A.lose失去；B.gain获得、积累；C.need需要；D.find找到。根据上文“You’renotexperiencedenough.”和下文“hands-onexperience”可知，萨娜因经验不足被拒，因此她选择和当地建筑者合作，目的是积累实践经验，弥补自身不足，故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她设计的一个小型社区中心的作品甚至得到了当地一家知名杂志的认可。A.criticized批评；B.warned警告；C.refused拒绝；D.recognized认可。根据上文“Inspired,sheworkedhardtoperfectherdesigns.”和下文“Slowly,herreputation.”可知，萨娜用心打磨设计，其作品得到了杂志认可，这也让她的名气慢慢提升，故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，她的名气越来越大。A.grew提升、增长；B.fell下降；C.ruined毁坏；D.recovered恢复。根据上文“designthatshecreatedwasevenbyalocalfamousmagazine”可知，萨娜的作品获得专业杂志认可，她在业内的名气也随之逐步提升，故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，曾经拒绝她的那家公司打来电话，邀请她参与设计一座新的城市博物馆——这是一个梦寐以求的机会。A.investigating调查；B.preserving保护；C.designing设计；D.processing加工。萨娜的梦想是成为建筑师，且她一直打磨设计能力，根据上文“Asmallcommunitycenterdesignthatshecreated”可知，公司为她提供的是参与城市博物馆设计的工作，故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她接受了这个机会，并下定决心凭借自己的努力实现梦想。A.listened倾听；B.wondered想知道；C.failed失败；D.accepted接受。根据下文“shemadeuphermindtoachieveherdreamsthroughherownefforts”和“sheworkedhardtodealwiththeproject”可知，萨娜接受了这家公司的邀请，开始为这个设计项目努力，故选C。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，她努力向经验丰富的建筑师学习，着手应对这个具有挑战性的项目，最终让自己的设计想法成为现实。A.annoying令人恼怒的；B.challenging有挑战性的；C.boring无聊的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“bylearningfromexperiencedarchitects”可知，这座城市博物馆的设计项目难度不小，具有挑战性，因此萨娜需要向资深建筑师学习来完成，故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开馆当天，参观者们赞叹着这座博物馆，却不知道其背后凝聚着萨娜无数的时间、不眠的夜晚和种种艰辛。A.peaceful平静的；B.magical神奇的；C.sleepless无眠的；D.fearless无畏的。根据上文“thecountlesshours”和下文“andstrugglesbehindit”可知，为了完成设计项目，萨娜付出了巨大努力，度过了许多不眠之夜，故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨娜笑了，心中充满了自豪。A.pride自豪；B.curiosity好奇；C.anger愤怒；D.appreciation感激。根据上文“visitorsadmiredthemuseum”和萨娜一路克服困难完成设计项目可知，自己的作品得到参观者的认可，萨娜内心充满了成就感和自豪，故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，自己真正追寻了内心的热爱，并且为了这份热爱不懈努力。A.agreed同意；B.predicted预测；C.remembered记得；D.realized意识到。根据上文“hernamebegantoappearinarchitecturemagazinesmoreoften”和她实现建筑师梦想的经历可知，此时的萨娜内心有所感悟，意识到自己始终坚守热爱并为之努力，故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路走来，她从未让困难打败自己。A.help帮助；B.support支持；C.beat打败；D.encourage鼓励。根据上文萨娜遭遇求职被拒的挫折却没有放弃，反而努力提升自己最终实现梦想可知，在整个追梦过程中，她始终坚持，没有让困难击败自己，故选C。第二节短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaiswidelyrecognizedasthehometownofkites,witharichhistoryofmakingandflyingthem.Itiswidelybelievedthatkites____32____(invent)2,500yearsago,duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Laterkiteswereused____33____(measure)distance,testthewind,andrescuepeople.DuringtheTangdynasty,kiteswereusedmore____34____atoolforfun.Atfirst,onlyroyalorrichfamily____35____(member)couldplaywithkites.Thenitbecamepopularamongcommonpeoplewhoflewthemonimportanteventsandfestivals.Everyyearinspring____36____theTomb-sweepingdaycame,almosteveryhouseholdwentouttoflythekiteandhadapicniconsunnyandwindydays.Everyonetriedtoflytheirkiteshigherand____37____(far)thanothers.____38____wasagoodtimetodisplaythekitesaswellasenjoythewarmweatherandthefreshair.Nowadays,flyingkiteshasbecomeapopularformofpleasureand____39____(compete).Flyingkitesinspringdaycanbenefityourhealth____40____(physical)andmentally.Itprovidesgentleexercisethatenhancescoordinationandstamina(耐力).Atthesametime,focusingonguidingthekiteagainstthebreezeservesasaformofmindrelaxation,effectively_____41_____(free)onefromdailystressandworries.【答案】32.wereinvented33.tomeasure34.as35.members36.when37.farther38.It39.competition40.physically41.freeing【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国作为风筝故乡的悠久历史，风筝的用途演变及如今成为兼具娱乐与竞技的活动，还提及放风筝对身心的益处。【32题详析】考查动词语态。句意：人们普遍认为，风筝是在2500年前的春秋时期被发明的。根据时间状语2,500yearsago可知，此处用一般过去时，kites与invent为被动关系，主语为复数，所以谓语动词为wereinvented。故填wereinvented。【33题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来风筝被用来测量距离、测风以及救人。固定搭配beusedtodosth.，意为“被用来做某事”，用动词不定式tomeasure，作目的状语。故填tomeasure。【34题详析】考查介词。句意：在唐代，风筝更多地被当作一种娱乐工具。固定搭配beusedas，意为“被当作……使用”，用介词as。故填as。【35题详析】考查名词复数。句意：起初，只有皇室或富裕家庭的成员能放风筝。member为可数名词，此处表泛指多个家庭成员，用复数形式members。故填members。【36题详析】考查时间状语从句。句意：每年春天清明节到来时，几乎家家户户都会在晴朗有风的日子里出去放风筝、野餐。结合句意，此处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时候”，用连接词when。故填when。【37题详析】考查副词比较级。句意：每个人都努力把风筝放得比别人更高更远。根据前文higherand可知，此处用far的比较级farther，指具体距离上的更远。故填farther。【38题详析】考查it作形式主语。句意：这是展示风筝、享受温暖天气和新鲜空气的好时候。此处为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式结构，用代词it，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。【39题详析】考查名词。句意：如今，放风筝已经成为一种受欢迎的娱乐和竞技形式。此处与pleasure并列，作介词of的宾语，用compete的名词形式competition，意为“竞技，比赛”，为不可数名词。故填competition。【40题详析】考查副词。句意：在春天放风筝能让你的身心都受益。此处与mentally并列，修饰动词benefit，用physical的副词形式physically，意为“身体上”。故填physically。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，专注于迎着微风操控风筝是一种放松身心的方式，能有效让人从日常的压力和烦恼中解脱出来。此处为非谓语动词作状语，focusingonguidingthekiteagainstthebreeze与free为主动关系，用现在分词freeing。故填freeing。第三节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据首字母或汉语意义填入适当形式的单词。42.WatchingTibetanantelopesmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I'mstruckbytheirb___________.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】beauty【详析】考查名词。句意：看着藏羚羊在绿色的草地上慢慢移动，我被它们的美丽所打动。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填beauty作宾语。故填beauty。43.Afterreachingyourd___________,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】destination【详析】考查名词。句意：到达目的地后，你将有一天时间去探索这座古城并为其惊叹不已。根据句意和首字母d以及空格前的动词reaching可知，空格处应该用名词destination作宾语。故填destination。44.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinh________withnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】harmony【详析】考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐共处时，我们才能不再对野生动物和我们的星球构成威胁。根据首字母和句意可知，此空应填名词harmony，表“和谐；融洽”；inharmonywith，为固定搭配，意为“与……和谐相处”，符合语境。故填harmony。45.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyv__________ofdialectsandcharacters.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】varieties【详析】考查名词。句意：多年来，这个系统发展成了不同的形式，因为当时人们在地理上存在分歧，导致多种多样的方言和文字。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应用名词variety的复数形式，构成固定短语varietiesof，表示“各种各样的”，符合题意。故填varieties。46.Thegroupaskedfor________(捐赠)fromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalcommunity.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】donations【详析】考查名词。句意：该组织向不同部门寻求捐赠，并在国际社会中筹集资金。根据汉语提示“捐赠”，且介词for后需接名词作宾语，此处应用donation，根据fromdifferentdepartments可知，用复数。故填donations。47.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhis_______(失败).（根据汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】failure【详析】考查名词。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。根据汉语提示“失败”，以及上文形容词性物主代词his可知此处应填名词作介词宾语。failure“失败”，根据句意，用作不可数名词。故填failure。48.________(显然地),Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.I’llfindawaytoimproveonmyownsothatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】Obviously【详析】考查副词。句意：显然，我并不开心，但我不会放弃。我会找到提升自己的方法，这样明年就能入选队伍了。根据汉语提示“显然地”，可用副词obviously；位于句首作状语，首字母需要大写，故填Obviously。49.IknowI’llhavetostudyharderasaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedtobeing_________(负责的)foralotmore.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】responsible【详析】考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，习惯承担更多的责任。根据汉语提示“负责的”，以及空前的getusedtobeing及空后的介词for可知应填形容词形式responsible，作表语，beresponsiblefor意为“对……负责”，固定搭配。故填responsible。50.Asacoach,sheledtheChinawomen’svolleyballteamto___