考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷55

考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷55

一、阅读9翻译句子）（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共

20分。）

[Fl]AnydiscussionoftheAmericaneducationalsystemwouldbelessthancomplete

ifitdidnotmentiontheemphasis【halmanycollegesanduniversitiesplaceuponthe

nonacademic,social,“extracurricular''aspectofeducation,of:endefinedaspersonal

growih.Perhapsausefulwayofviewingthenotionofpersonalgrowthwouldbeto

picturetheverylargeandgeneralterm"education"asbeingall-embracing,includingas

subsetswithinitacademicandnonacademiccomponents.Thismaybeoneofthemost

difficultconceptstoconveytosomeonewhoisnotintimatelyfamiliarwithAmerican

highereducation.Feweducationalsystemsinothercountriesplacethesameemphasison

（hisblendofacademicandpersonaleducation.Themajorityofcollegesanduniversities

intheUnitedStatesmakesomeattempttointegratepersonalandintellectualgrowthin

theundergraduateyears.[F2]Iftheultimategoalofundergraduateeducationin

Americaweresimpl'Toconveyase【bodyofknowledge,ihelermofsludiescould

undoubiedlybereduced.Yei（helermsofstudiesareextendedinorderiogivesiudenisa

chancetogrowanddevelopinotherways.Numerousopportunitiesaremadeavailableto

studentstobecomeinvolvedinsports,studentgovernment,musicalanddramatic

organizations,andcountlessotherorganizedandindividualactivitiesdesignedto

enhanceone'spersonalgrowthandprovidesomerecreationandenjoymentoutsideofthe

classroom.[F3]Experiencewiihcampusorganizationsandofrcan】Duscommunity

involvemenlcanbehighlyvaluableinpreparinginlemationalsiudenisfor「inure

leadershipintheirprofessionalfielduponiheirrelumhome.The（ypicalAmerican

college'ssupportforextracuiricularactivityisperhapsuniqueintheworld.Thisspecial

educationaldimension,beyor.dtheclassroomandlaboratoryexperience,doesnotmean

（hatextracurricularparticipationisrequiredtogainanAmericandegree.[F4]It

remainsaneniirelyopiionalactivily,bulilisnotedherebecauseAmericanshave

tradilionallyviewedsuccessinone'sroleasacilizenascloselylinkedloa"well-

rounded”lifeIhalincorporatesavarielyofsocial,alhlelic,andcuhuralacliviliesinloa

person'sexperience.AgreatmanyAmericancampusesandcommunitieshaveorganized

specialextracurricularactivitiesforstudentsfromothercountries.[F5]Onmost

campuses,onecanfindaninternationalclub,whichincludesAmericans,wherestudents

cangelloknowandlearnsociallyfromstudentsfromothercountries,aswellas

Americans.Internationalstudentsarealmostalwaysinvited,throughorganized

hospitalityactivities,inlothehomesofAmericanslivinginoroutsidetheacademic

community.

1、[Fl]

标准答案：任何对美国教育体系的讨论，如果未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学

术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全

面。

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[F2]

标准答案：假如美国本科教育的最终目的只是传授一定量的知识，那么无疑就可以

缩短学习的期限。

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[F3]

标准答案：在国际留学生叵国后，这些校园活动和参与校外社团的经验在帮助他们

将来成为专业领域的领军人物方面极具价值。

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[F4]

标准答案：校外活动仍然不是一门必修课，但它仍然被给予了高度的关注。因为美

国人历来认为，一个公民的成功和“全方位”的生活是密不可分的，这种生活就要求

成功者有参与社会活动，体育运动和文化活动的经历。

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[F5]

标准答案：在大多数校园里都有国际俱乐部，成员包括美国学生。在俱乐部里，学

生通过与来自其他国家学生(包括美国学生)的社交来相互认识并学习。

知识点解析：暂无解析

Halfoftheworld'spopulationwillbespeakingorlearningEnglishby2015,researchers

say.TwobillionpeopleareexpectedtostartlearningEnglishwithinadecadeandthree

billionwillspeakit,saysaBritishCouncilestimate.Otherlanguages,suchasFrench,

riskbecomingthecasualtiesofthis"linguisticglobalization".[Fl]Buttheboomwill

beoverby2050and〔heEnglishlanguageteachingindustrywillhavebecomeavictimof

itsownsuccess,saysDavidGraddol.aulhorofthereDori.TheFutureofEnglish.Mr.

Graddol'sresearchwasbasedonacomputermodeldevelopedtoestimatedemandfor

Englishlanguageteachingaroundtheworld.[F2]Thelecturer,whehasworkedin

educationandlanguagestudiesattheOpenUniversityforthepast25years,saidthe

modelchartedlikelystudentnumbersthroughto2050.Itwascompiledbylookingat

variousestimatesfromtheUnitedNationsEducation,ScientificandCultural

Organization(UNESCO)oneducationprovision,demographicprojections,government

educationpoliciesandinternationalstudentmobilityfigures.[F3]Theimpactof

educationalinnovationsandotherdevelopmentsaffectingtheworldpoDulationincluding

theChinesegovcinmcnt'spolicyofonebabyperfamilywerealsofactoredin.Basedon

itsfindings,Mr.Graddolhaspredictedthattheworldisabouttobehitbyatidalwaveof

English."Manygovernments,especiallyincountrieswhichhaverelativelyrecently

gainedindependence,areintraducingtheteachingofEnglishunderautilitarianbanner."

"ButEnglishpredominatesinthebusinessworld,andforsuchcountriestobeable(o

competeforwork,includingprofitableoutsourcingcontracts,Englishisbeingpushed

heavilyfromkindergartenon."EvenmathsandsciencearebeingtaughtinEnglishat

secondaryschoolsinMalaysia.[F4]BuidemandforEnglishleachingwoulddropas

childrenprogress(hroughacademia、andmoreuniversitiesacrossiheworldchooselo

teachinihelanguage.Mr.Graddolalsoestimatedthattheboomwouldbeoverby

2O5O."English-languagestudentswillbedownfromtwobillionto500millionthen,"he

said,"Increasingly,asEnglishspreadacrosstheglobe,morepeoplewillbecome

bilingual,evenmulti-lingualandsuchskillsarchighlyprizedinbusiness.ButBritainhas

notgotthebestreputationforlearningotherlanguages."[F5]Thereporlalsoshowed

thalEnglishwasnoliheonl、languagespreading,andtheworld,farfrombeing

dominaiedbyEnglish,wasiobecomemoremu山i-lingual.Mr.Graddolsaid."Chinese,

ArabicandSpanishareallpopular,andlikelytobelanguagesofthefuture."

6、[Fl]

标准答案：不过据《英语的未来》的作者大卫・格兰德说，英语的蓬勃发展将终止

于2050年，此后，英语语言教学自身将会成为英语扩张的受害者。

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、[F2]

标准答案：这位在电视大学专攻教育和语言研究达25年之久的研究者指出，该模

型还纳入了从现在到2050年间学生.人数的可能性变化。

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[F3]

标准答案：此外，教育改革，以及包括像中国的计划生育政策等会影响世界人口的

因素，在模型中也都悉数予以考虑了。

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[F4]

标准答案：然而，随着学生英语水平的提高以及全球更多的高校采用英语授课，英

语科H本身的教学需求将呈下降趋势。

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[F5]

标准答案：报告还表明，英语并不是唯一向全球扩张的语言，全世界也不会被英语

一统天下.世界将会是多语并存的。

知识点解析：暂无解析

ThewordRenaissancehasoflateyearsreceivedamoreextendedsignificancethanthat

whichisimpliedinourEnglishequivalent一theRevivaloflearning.Weuseittodenote

(hewholetransitionfromtheMiddleAgestothemodernworld;[Fl]thoughi【is

possibleloassigncertainlimilsloIheperiodduringwhich【hisIransiliontookplace,we

cannotfixonanydates_sopositively<ULIOsaybetweenthis_yearandthatthe^movement

wasaccomplished.Todosowouldbeliketryingtonamethedaysonwhichspringin

anyparticularseasonbeganandended.Theevolutionhasno(beencompleted.Inlike

mannerwecannotreferthewholephenomenaoftheRenaissancetoanyonecauseor

circumstance,orlimitthemwithinthefieldofanyonedepartmentofhumanknowledge.

[F2]Sludenlsoflileralureandphilosophyseein(heRenaissanceIhatdiscoveryof

manuscriptsJhalprogressinphilologyandcriticism,whichledloacorrectknowledgeof

theclassics,toafreshlasleinpoelry,tonewsystemsofthought,lomoreaccurate

analysis,andfinallytotheemancipationoftheconscience.Menofsciencewilldiscourse

aboutthediscoveryofthesolarsystembyCopernicusandGalileo,theanatomyof

Vesalius.Menwhoseattentionhasbeenturnedtothehistoryofdiscoveriesand

inventionswillpointtothebenefitsconferredupontheworldbytheartsofprintingand

engraving,bythecompassandthetelescope.[F3]The、willinsistihatalthemoment

ofiheRenaissancealliheinsirumenisofmechanicalutilitystartedin【oexistence,ioaid

thedissolutionofwhatwasrottenandmustperish,tostrengthenandperpetuatethenew

andusefulandlife-giving.Yetneitheranyoneoftheseanswers,takenseparately,nor

indeedallofthemtogether,willofferasolutionof(heproblem.[F4]Bytheterm

"renaissance,"ornewbirlh、isindicatedanaturalmovemenl,nollobeexplainedbylhis

orihalcharacteristic,bul」obeaccepledasanefl'orlofhumanityin」heonwardprogress

inwhichwesliHparlicipale.ThehistoryoftheRenaissanceisnotthehistoryofartsorof

sciencesorofliteratureorevenofnations.[F5]Itisthehisloryoftheattainmentof

self-consciousfreedombythehumanspiritmanifestedin【heEuropeanraces.

11、[Fl]

标准答案：虽然我们可以确定这一过渡阶段的某些时间限制，但却无法断然确定其

具体的口期，指出该运动始于某年止于某年。

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、[F2]

标准答案：学习文学和哲学的学生所理解的“文艺复兴”是：手抄本的发现、语言学

和文艺批评的进步，而这一切带来了对古典文化的正确认识、诗歌的新趣味、新的

思想体系和更精确的分析，最终则是良知的解放。

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、[F3]

标准答案：他们还会强调，在“文艺狂兴”的时刻，所有这些实用的机械工具都开始

出现，它们促使那些业已腐朽和行将灭亡的事物崩塌，并巩固和延续了新生的、有

益的和活力盎然的一切。

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、[F4]

标准答案：所谓“文艺复兴”或曰“新生”，只是用以表明一种自然的运动，它不能用

这样或那样的特征来解释，而应被看作在一个不断向前发展的过程中人性的努力，

而我们仍在参与这一过程。

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、[F5]

标准答案：它是通过欧洲各种族表现出来的人文精神，送到自觉的自由境界的历

史O

知识点解析：暂无解析

[Fl]Materialculturereferstothelouchable,material"things—physicalobieclsIhat

canbeseen,held,felt,used—thatacultureproduces.Examiningaculture'stoolsand

technologycantellusaboutthegroup'shistoryandwayoflife.Similarly,researchinto

thematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvivid

bodyof"things"init,ofcourse,aremusicalinstruments.[F2]Wecannoihearfor

oursehesIheaclualsoundofanymusicalperfoimancebeforethe1870swhenIhe

phonoRraphwasinverted,sowerelyoninslrumentsforimportanlinformationaboul

music-culturesintheremote[astandtheirdevelopment.Herewehavetwokindsof

evidence:instrumentswellpreservedandinstrumentspicturedinart.Throughthestudy

ofinstruments,aswellaspaintings,writtendocuments,andsoon,wecanexplorethe

movementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecan

outlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentof

mostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,too,is

materialculture.Scholarsoncedefinedfolkmusic-culturcsasthoseinwhichpeoplelearn

andsingmusicbyearrathertlianfromprint,butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamong

oralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,BritainandAmerica.

Printedversionslimitvarietybecause(heytendtostandardizeanysong,yetthey

stimulatepeopletocreatenewanddifferentsongs.[F3]Besides,theabilitytoread

musicnotationhasafar-rcachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidcsDrcad,

onthemusic-cullurcasawhole.Musicisdeep-rootedintheculturalbackgroundthat

fostersit.Wenowpaymoreandmoreattentiontotraditionalorethnicfeaturesinfolk

musicandarewillingtopreservethefolkmusicaswedowithmanytradi