考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷540

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷540

一、阅读（补全短文）（本题共万题，每题7.0分，共

15分。）

[A]Crcatcanewimageofyourself[B]Havcconfidenceinyourself[C]Dccidcifthetime

isright|D|Understandthecontext|E]Workwithprofessionals|F]Makeitefficient

|G|KnowyourgoalsNomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment,theway

youpresentyourselfhasanimpact.Thisisespeciallytrueinfirstimpressions.According

toresearchfromPrincetonUniversity,peopleassessyourcompetence,trustworthiness,

andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond,solelybasedonthewayyoulook.The

differencebetweentoday'sworkplaceandthe"dressforsuccess"eraisthattherangeof

optionsissomuchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.Insomesettings,rcd

sneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothersnotsomuch.Plus,whateverimage

wepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedln.Chancesare,your

headshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago.Millennial,itseems,

facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleand

personalbranding.Itcanbeconfusing.Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknow

whentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat'sthebestwaytopulloffonethatenhancesour

goals?Herearesometips:[Cl]Asanexecutivecoach,I'veseenimage

upgradesbeparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions—whenlookingforanewjob,

steppingintoanewormorepublicrole,orchangingworkenvironments.Ifyou'reina

periodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut,nowmaybeagoodtime.Ifyou'renot

sure,askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends,colleaguesandprofessionals.Lookfor

cuesabouthowothersperceiveyou.Maybethere'snoneedforanupgradeandthat's

OK.[C2]Getclearonwhatimpactyou*rehopingtohave.Areyoulookingto

refreshyourimageorpivotit?Foroneperson,thegoalmaybetobetakenmore

seriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage.Foranother,itmaybetobeperceivedas

moreapproachable,ormoremodernandstylish.Forsomeonemovingfromfinanceio

advertising,maybetheywanttolookmore"SoHo."（It'sOKtousecharacterizationslike

that.）[C3]Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist.Whatare

thenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoarcyourmostimportant

audiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetter

youunderstandtheculturalcontext,themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact.

[C4]Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsand

contexi.Hireapersonalstylist,oruseihefreestylingserviceofastorelikeJ.Crew.Trya

hairstylistinsteadofabarber.Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyour

spouseorfriend.It'snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink.[C5]Thepointofa

styleupgradeisn'ttobecomemorevainortospendmorelimefussingoverwhattowear.

Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue.Pickastandardworkuniform

orafewgo-tooptions.Buyallyourclothesatoncewithastylistinsteadofshopping

alone,onearticleofclothingatatime

1、[Cl]

标准答案：C

知识点解析:该段中出现了表示时间的词汇和短语:duringtransitions,inaperiod

of,agoodtime,表示形象升级得看时机是否恰当。浏览小标题发现，只有选项C

出现了表示时间的词汇。再次回看原文，本段第二句中的good与小标题中的right

也恰好对应，故选C项。

2、[C2]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：该段首句Getclearonwhatimpactyoifrehopingtohave提到“弄清楚你

希望产生什么影响，，，然后以问句形式提出段落主题，接着分两个方面来阐述,目

标不同，做法也不同。本段第一句话中的getclear与小标题中的know属于同义表

达，并且本段第三句话中由egoal与小标题中的goal完全对应，因此正确答案为G

项。

3、[C3]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该段第一句话提到“要像人类学家一样来考虑你的工作环境”，接着给

出了几个排比的问句，都是针对工作环境的具体细节的发问。最重要的是在结尾

部分,作者总结评论道,Thebetteryou...,themorecontrolyou...,意为“你越了解

文化背景，越就控制对你的影响力很明显，这句话凸显了context的重要性。

因此，答案选D项。

4、[C4]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本段在首句给出两个关键词professionals和sharewith,即“寻求专业

人士的支持，并把你的目标和坏境告诉他们卜文是举例论述，例如去找发型设

计师而不是理发师等。紧接着下文就给出workwithaprofessionalphotographer让

专业摄影师而不是你的配偶或朋友为你拍照。因此本段是围绕professionals的重要

性来展开的。故选E项.

5、[C5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：该段落主题句出现在转折句Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreduce

decisionfatigue.之后，其中it指代上一句中的styleupgrade。通过前后两句话对

比，指出其目的是利用styleupgrade来reducedecisionfatigue（减少决策疲劳），从而

提升效率。后两句话作为论据进一步论证这一观点，因此答案选F项。

[A]Analyzingyourowntaste(BJBeingcautiouswhenexperimenling[CJFindingamodel

tofollow[D]Gettingthefinallookabsolutelyright[E]Learningtoberealistic[F]Making

regularconsciouschoices[G]HowtojudgepeopleWhenwemeetpeopleforthefirst

time,weoftenmakedecisionsaboutthembasedentirelyonhowtheylook.And,of

courseit'ssomethingthatworksbothways,forwctooarcbeingjudgedonour

appearance.Whenwelookgood,wefeelgood,whichinturnleadstoamoreconfident

andself-assuredmanner.Peoplethenpickuponthisconfidenceandrespondpositively

towardsus.Undoubtedly,it'swhat'sinsidethat'simportant,butsometimeswecansend

outthewrongsignalssimplybywearinginappropriateclothingornotspendingenough

timethinkingabouthowotherssecus.[Cl]Forexample,peopleoftenmake

themistakeoftryingtolooklikesomeoneelsethey'veseeninamagazine,butthisis

usuallyadisasterasweallhaveourowncharacteristics.Standinfrontofafull-length

mirrorandbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyousee.Thereisnoneedtodwellonyour

faults—weallhavegoodpointsandbadpoints—butthinkinsteadaboutthebestwayto

emphasizethegoodones.[C2]Whenselectingyourclotheseachday,think

aboutwhoyourclikelytomeet,whenyou'regoingtobespendingmostofyourtimeand

whattasksyouarelikelytoperform.Clearly,someoutfitswillbemoreappropriateto

differentsortsofactivityandthiswilldictateyourchoicetoanextent.However,there's

noneedtoabandonyourindividualtastecompletely.Afterall,ifyoudresstoplease

somebodyelse'sideaofwhatlooksgood,youmayendupfeelinguncomfortableandnot

quiteyourself.[C3]Buttoknowyourownmind,youhavetogettoknow

yourself.Whatdoyoutrulyfeelgoodin?Thereareprobablyafewfavoriteitemsthat

youwearalot—mostpeoplewear20percentoftheirwardrobe80percentofthetime.

Lookaltheseclothesandaskyourselfwhattheyhaveincommon.Aretheyneatandtidy,

looseandflowing?Thenlookatthethingshanginginyourwardrobethatyoudon'twear

andaskyourselfwhy.Gothroughafewmagazinesandcataloguesandmarkthethings

thatcatchyoureye.Isthereacommontheme?[C4]Somecolorsbringyour

naturalcoloringtolifeandotherscangiveusawashed-outappearance.Tryoutnew

colorsbyallmeans,butrememberthatdressinginbrightcolorwhenyoureallylike

subtleneutraltones,orviceversa,willmakeyouleelself-consciousanduncomfortable.

Youknowdeepdownwhereyourowntasteboundarieslie.Andalthoughit'sgoodto

challengethosesometimeswithnewcombinationsorshades,takecarenottogotoofar

allatonce.[C5]So,you'vechosenanoutfitthatmatchesyourstyle,your

personality,yourshapeandyourcoloring.Butdoesitfit?Ifsomethingistootightortoo

loose,youwon'tachievethedesiredeffect,andnomatterwhatotherqualitiesithas.it

won*timproveyourappearanceoryourconfidence.Sometimes,webuythingswithout

thinking.Somepeoplewhodislikeshoppinggrabthefirstthingtheysee,orprefertouse

mail-orderortheInternet.Inallcases,ifitdoesn'tfitperfectly,don'tbuyit,becausethe

finerdetailsarejustasimportantastheoverallstyle.Reappraisingyourimageisn't

selfishbecauseeveryonewhocomesintocontactwithyouwillbenefit.You'11look

betterandyou'llfeelabetterpersonallround.Andifindoubt,youonlyneedtoread

ProfessorAlbertMehrabian'sbookSilentMessagestoremindyourselfhowimportant

outwardappearancesare.Hisresearchshowedthattheimpactwemakeoneachother

depend55percentonhowwelookandbehave,38percentonhowwespeakandonly7

percentonwhatweactuallysay.So,whateverstageyouareatinyourlife,whateverrole

youplay,isn'tittimeyoumadethemostofyourself?

6、[Cl]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：首先浏览全文，把握文章大意。通过对该文章首尾两段的阅读，可以

得知这篇文章主要论述的是个人着装问题。其次浏览选项，确定选项的主要内容

和意思。A：分析个人品味，B：小心翼翼地尝试，C：找一个模仿的榜样，D：

让最终的形象完美无缺，E：学会现实，F：经常做有意识的选择，G：怎样评价

他人。然后阅读本题所在段落。在本段中，作者举例说明，我们每个人都有自己的

个性特点，所以没有必要去盲目地模仿他人。而且每个人都各有所长，各有所短，

人不应该停留在自己的缺点上，而应该充分展示自己的优点。从这番评述中可以

看出，作者建议我们对自身保持一个客观的态度，也就是现实的态度，而不要盲

从。因此E项正确。

7、[C2]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段的第一句话提到，每天选择衣服时，都要考虑一下自己要和谁见

面，出现在何种场合，面对的是什么样的任务。这也就说明：选择衣服不是一件

马马虎虎、随意而为之的事情，而需要认真选择，不要完全放弃自己的个人品

位。F项中，作者建议我们，经常做有意识的选择，正是说的这个意思。其中

regular和eachday相照应。

8、[C3]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在本段的开始作者提出一种观点，即要想了解你自己的想法，必须先

认识你自己。作者大段的论述后，概括起来就是：你最喜欢什么样的衣服，最不

喜欢什么样的衣服，即个人喜好问题，而事实上，所谓的个人喜好就是个人品

位。因此A项正确。

9、[C4]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：上一段作者就个人品位问题作了一番论述，并关于如何发现个人品位

给了一些建议。在个人品位已经确定的基础上，接下来的事情就是挑选和尝试

了。与上面提到段落不同的是本段的段落主旨句不在句首而在句尾。作者以颜色

为例告诉读者，虽然尝试一些新的东西是件不错的事情，但应该注意不要走极

端。细心的考生在本段可以发现一个同义词组tryout和challenge,前者是尝试的

意思，一般指尝试某种新事物，后者为挑战的意思，也可用于指对未知的事物做出

的尝试。而且这两个词与B项中的experiment意思相近，experiment一种解释为

“试验”，另一种解释就是“尝试”。在本段最后一句话中，还出现了takecare

词，与B项中的cautious相呼应。因此B项为正确答案。

10、[C5]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本段段首词so起到了承上启下的作用。前面几段中作者提到了如何

挑选衣服，如何确定自己的品位，如何谨慎地去尝试。在这一段落的开始，作者

指出：现在你已经挑选了从个性、外形、颜色上来说都很适合你的衣服，需要注

意的是之后提出的问题Buidoesilfil?(但它适合你吗)。接着作者指出：事实上，

如果一件衣服不是完全合适的话，就不应该购买。然后再看文章的最后一段，作

者开始泛谈个人形象以及再评价它的重要性，已经不再具体谈如何着装，由此可以

推知，此处内容应该是关于如何着装、如何购买服装的最后建议，因此可确定D

项为正确答案。

[A]Breakingallconstraints[B]Timelinetoexecution[C]Thepurposeofthedecision

[D]Knownunknownsandunknownunknowns[E]Wrongisneverpermanent

[F]Resourceaccessibility[G]Playingtoself-interestLeadershipinanycapacityrequiresa

lascr-likcfocus,completeawarenessoftheproblemset,andawillingnessto"movethe

needle"whenfacedwithuncertainty.Leadersmust,atanypoint,bewillingtomakea

split-seconddecisionwithpotentiallylong-lastingandprofoundimpacts.Herearefive

criteriatoconsiderwhenmakingyournextbigdecision:[Cl]Inthemilitary,

therewas(andstillis)apeckingorderofpriorityuponv/hichdecisionsarebased.The

missionalwayscamefirst,followedbywhatwouldservetheteam,andfinally,what

wouldservetheindividual.Theindividualalwayscomeslastbecauseheorshewas

alwaysthesmallestlinkintheorganizationalchain.Playingtoself-interestserveslittle

purpose,andthat'snotwhatateamoranorganizationisabout.[C2]Well,

"never"isastrongword,butyougettheidea.I'vesaidbeforethatfailureisonly

determinedbywhereyouchoosetostop,anditalsodependsonhowthatparticular

problemisperceived.Thehigheroneascendswithinanorganization.Forexample,the

sameproblemthatappearstrickyatonelevelmaynotnecessarilybetherightoneto

solveforatanother.Seekasmanyviewpointsasyoucantoenhanceyourunderstanding

ofthesituation.[C3]Thereareinternalandexternalinfluencesthatshapethe

feasibilityofexecutionalongagiventimeline.Internalinfluencesrefertothe

competencyofyouandyourteamtoexecutethedecisioninthegiventime,whereas

externalinfluencessignifythedrivingforcesthatimpactthedeadlinethatyouhaveno

controlover,suchaswea:hcr,theeconomyormarketdemand.Youwanttoaskyourself

twoquestions.First,"Isnowtherighttimetodecide?"Iftheanswerisyes,thenyour

nextquestionis,"AmIcapableofexecutingthedecision?'*Iftheanswerisnothenask

"why?"[C4]Thesearetheconstraintssurroundingtheexecutionofyour

decisions.Aknownunknowniswhenyourealizeaspecificintangibleexistsbutcan't

quantifyhowmuch,suchastraffic.Forinstance,you'reawarethatrushhourinLos

Angelesneverreallyhasanendpoint,soitcouldtakeyoufrom20minutestotwohours

totravelfromAtoB.Thepointis,youknowthatuncertaintyexistsbutdon'tknowhow

much.UnknownunknownsarewhenMurphylikestothrowanotherwrenchinthemix

thatyousimplycan'tplanfor,suchasavehicleaccidentorenginebreakdown.Tryto

identifyallconstraintsasbestyoucansoyouknowhowtoalignthemtowardsthe

purposeofyourdecision.[C5]Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed,try,tryagain.The

resultofanyeffortwilldependinpartontheresourcesusedtoexecuteit,sobesureto

identifynotonlytheprimaryresourcesavailablebutalsosecondaryones,loo.Every

decisionshouldhaveacontingencyplanforwhenthoseunknownunknownsariseand

deemyourprimarycourseofactionobsolete.Decision-makingcanparalyzeyouifyou're

notprepared.Tackle