Unit 2 课时4 Section B 1a-1f（分层作业）（原卷版）

Unit2InspiringPeople课时4SectionB(1a-1f)分层作业核心知识速记01基础达标02能力提升03拓展培优04思维进阶词汇词汇scientificadj.科学（上）的biologistn.生物学家wholeadj.所有的；完全的bankn.银行foreveradv.永远radion.无线电；收音机collectionn.收集物；收藏品explorationn.探索thefocusofone'slife人生的重心spendone'swholelifedoingsth.毕生致力于做某事providesb.withsth.为某人提供某物bravethecoldweatherandgreatheights抵御严寒、克服高海拔seedbank种子库leavebehind留下；遗留scientificexploration科学探索liveoninsb.在某人身上延续；传承attheearlyageof15在15岁的年纪fieldresearch实地研究；野外考察句型1.Ittook10hourstogettoNairobifromMombasabytrain.从蒙巴萨乘火车到内罗毕要花10个小时。Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorriestocarrybetweenthetwocities,butnowittakesonlytwoorthreetrains.过去，食物要靠数百辆卡车在两座城市间运输，但现在只需要两三列火车。Manychangeshavetakenplaceinthetownoverthelastfewyears,andthepeoplewholiveherehavebecomerich.过去几年里，这座小镇发生了许多变化，住在这里的人们也变得富裕了。Myexperienceofusingthetrainsince2017hasbeengood.自2017年以来，我乘坐这趟火车的体验一直很好。Therailwayhasalsomadethetransportoffoodeasier.这条铁路也让食物运输变得更加便捷。AlthoughChinaandKenyaarefarawayfromeachother,therailwayshowshowdifferentcountriescanworktogethertobuildabetterworld.尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展示了不同国家如何能够携手合作，建设更美好的世界。一、单词默写。1._______/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/adj.科学（上）的2.________/baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/n.生物学家3.__________/həʊl/adj.所有的；完全的4.________/bæŋk/n.银行5.________/fərˈevə(r)/adv.永远6._______/ˈreɪdiəʊ/n.无线电；收音机7.________/kəˈlekʃn/n.收集物；收藏品8.________/ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/n.探索 二、词组默写。1.毕生致力于做某事_______________________ 2.种子库_______________________3.科学探索__________ 4.抵御严寒、克服高海拔________5.为某人提供某物________ 6.实地研究；野外考察_______7.留下；遗留________ 8.在某人身上延续；传承_______ 9.在15岁的年纪_______________________ 10.人生的重心____________________ 三、汉语提示填空题1.这位生物学家毕生致力于研究植物和种子。Thebiologist__________hiswholelife__________plantsandseeds.2.对他来说，抵御严寒、克服高海拔是非常困难的。Itwasdifficultforhim____________________thecoldweatherandgreatheights.3.科学探索帮助我们更多地了解世界，取得进步。____________________helpsuslearnmoreabouttheworldandmakeprogress.4.他在15岁的年纪就考入了大学，非常优秀。Heentereduniversity__________theearlyage__________15andwasanexcellentstudent.5.钟扬启动了一个项目，培训当地学生成为科学家。ZhongYang______________________________totrainlocalstudentstobecomescientists.6.他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的新信息。Theirhardwork__________theworld__________lotsofnewinformationaboutplantsinChina.7.他对工作的热爱在学生们身上延续了下来。Hisloveforhisjob______________________________hisstudents.8.我小时候就对科学产生了兴趣，梦想成为一名科学家。WhenIwasachild,I______________________________scienceanddreamedofbeingascientist.9.植物和种子的研究成为了他人生的重心。Theresearchofplantsandseedsbecamethe____________________hislife.10.他在西藏进行实地研究，收集了数百万颗种子。Hedid____________________inXizangandcollectedmillionsofseeds.四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Thewell-respectedbiologistspenthiswholelife__________(research)plantsandseeds.It'snecessaryforscientists__________(include)rareplantseedsintheirresearch.Itwasverydifficultforhimtobravethecoldweather,buthealwayscontinuedwithhiswork__________(brave).Weshouldkeepthespiritofscientific__________(explore).Radio__________(engineer)isausefulsubjectthathelpsuslearnmoreabouttechnology.五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。Accident

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theyThomasEdisonandNikolaTeslaaretwogreatinventorsinhistory.Edisonisrememberedforhisinventionslikethelightbulbandthephonograph,

whileTeslaisknownfordevelopingalternatingcurrent(AC)power(交流电).Thefame(名声)ofbothmen1aroundtheworldformanyyears,buttherehavebeendisagreementsbetweenthesetwogreatminds.Actually,therelationshipbetweenEdisonandTeslawasfarfromfriendly.AlthoughEdisonhired(雇佣)Tesla,whocameupwiththeideaofAC,Edisonnevertook2inTesla.HedidnotagreewithTesla’sideaofACandpublicly3itssafety.AndEdison’sinventionswereoftentheresultofhardwork,not4discoveries.Hebelievedintestingagainandagainuntilhefoundthe5solution.Ontheotherhand,Teslausedhisimaginationmore.However,inthe19thcentury,somethoughtTesla’sinventionswere6indailylifecomparedtoEdison’s.Bythe20thcentury,thingshadchanged.PeoplefoundTesla’sAChadbroughtgreatconvenienceand7totheirdailylife.Bythen,hisideawaswidelyaccepted.Whendiscussingthehistoryofscience,it’simpossibletoavoid8thetwogreatmen.Althoughtherewerestrangeexperiencesbetweenthem,doesthatreallyaffecttheirgreatness?Infact,they9byeachotherindifferentways.Afterall,whoseinventionshavemadeagreaterdifferencetotheworldthan10?六、阅读还原。DidyouknowtheRubik’sCubehas42quintillion(百亿亿)possiblewaystomove?Thatnumberisalmostimpossibletoimagine!Thislittlecubeistrulyunbelievable.Buthowdiditallbegin?Thestorybeginsin1974withaHungarian(匈牙利人)namedErnoRubik.Hewasn’ttryingtomakeatoy.1Usingwoodencubesandrubberbands(橡皮筋),hebuilttheveryfirstCube.Atfirst,RubikcalledittheMagicCube.2Peoplelovedit!Soon,atoycompanyrenamedittheRubik’sCube.By1980,over100millionCubeshadbeensoldworldwide.Itquicklybecamepopularinclassrooms,homes,andevenmathclubs.119TheCubesoonbecamemorethanjustatoy.3Someevensolveditblindfoldedorwiththeirfeet!Today,competitionsareheldallovertheworld,andnewtechniqueskeepappearing.Formany,solvingtheCubehasbecomeafunchallengethatalsotrainsthebrain.ErnoRubikneverimaginedhislittleinventionwouldbecomesofamous.4Itshowsthatanythingispossiblewhenyoutryandplaywithyourideas.A．HeaddedcolorfulstickerstothesidesandsolditinHungary.B．Manypeopleweresurprisedbyhowdifficultthelittlecubewas.C．Peopletriednewwaystosolveit,learningpatternstofinishfaster.D．Fansstartedclubs,studiedsolutions,andracedtoseewhocouldsolveitthefastest.E．Hejustwantedtosolveadifficultproblem:howtomakeblocks(方块)movefreelywithoutfallingapart.F．HisCubehaschallengedmillions,encouragedothergames,andevenmadehimHungary’sfirstself-mademillionaire.七、阅读理解。YangChen-Ning,aworld-famousphysicistandNobelPrizewinner,passedawayinBeijingonOctober18,2025.HewasamemberoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesandaprofessor(教授)atTsinghuaUniversity.TsinghuaUniversitywroteabouthisdeathanddescribedhimas“Immortal(不朽的)forhisinfluenceonscienceandeducationwilllastforever.”Bornin1922inHefei,AnhuiProvince,YangmovedtoBeijingwithhisfamilyin1929.HisuniversitystudiesbeganattheNationalSouthwesternAssociatedUniversity(西南联大)in1938,followedbyamaster’sdegreefromTsinghuaUniversityin1944.Thenextyear,hewenttotheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudy,receivingaPhDfromtheUniversityofChicagoin1948.Theyear1957sawYangandhispartnerTsung-daoLeewintheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Theirdiscoveryabouthowverysmallparticles(粒子)behavechangedscientificunderstandingofparticlephysics.TogetherwithRobertMills,Yangdevelopedthe“Yang-Millstheory(理论)”,whichbecameakeypartexplainingthebasicforcesoftheuniverse(宇宙).From1949to1966,YangworkedatPrinceton’sInstitute,thentaughtattheStateUniversityofNewYorkuntil1999.HereturnedtoChinaoften,servingasavisitingprofessorattheChineseUniversityofHongKongsince1986andhelpingbuildTsinghua’sadvancedstudiesprogram.Hecareddeeplyforhiscountry,developingscienceeducationandexchangebetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.HisfirstvisittoChinain1971encouragedmanyoverseasChineseresearcherstoreturn.HealsoraisedmoneytosupportChinesestudentsstudyingabroad.Yang’slifewasalegendthatcontinuestoinspire.Hiscentury-longjourneyofresearchandloveforhisnationleftabrightmarkonhumanhistory,showinghowonepersoncanshapethefuturethroughknowledgeandhardwork.1．HowoldwasYangwhenhedied?A．100 B．103 C．20252．WhydidTsinghuaUniversitycallYang“Immortal”?A．Helivedforoveracentury.B．Hisinfluenceonscienceandeducationwilllastforever.C．HewasaNobelwinner.3．WhatcanweknowaboutYang’s1971visit?A．ItwashissecondtimebacktoChina.B．ItmadehimstopworkingintheUS.C．ItplayedaroleinChina’sscientificdevelopment.4．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Yang’sNobelPrizestory.B．Yang’slifeandgreatachievements.C．WhyYangreturnedtoChina.5．Whichorderiscorrect?①WorkingataPrincetoninstitute②TeachingataNewYorkuniversity③ServingasavisitingprofessorinHongKong④StudyingforaPhDinChicagoA．④→①→②→③ B．①→④→②→③ C．④→②→①→③八、完形填空。ZhaoYafuisanoldagricultural(农业的)researcherinJiangsuProvince.He1mostoftheyearworkinginthefields.Bornin1941,Zhao’s2wastobecomeanewsreporter.Whenhewasatcollege,Zhaosawhow3lifewasinthecountryside,sohedecidedtodosomethingtohelp.Hebegantoteachagriculturalsciencetothefarmersinaprimaryschoolinthe4.“Thevillagersneededsomeonetohelpthemchangetheir5andlearnnewtechniques(技术),”Zhaosaid.Zhao6encouragingthefarmerstousethenewtechniquesandtoplantnewkindsofrice,whichbroughtinalotofmoney.Astimewentby,morenewhousesandroadswere7inthevillage.AndthevillagerscametounderstandthatZhao8wantedtohelpthem.BesidesworkinginJiangsu,Zhaoandhisteamarealso9inWesternChina.Since2013,theyhavehelpedmanyfarmerstherebecomerich.“Isawhowpoorvillagersusedtobe,andIalsosawhowtheyhave10overtheyears.Iwillcontinuewithmyworkifmyhealthisnottoobad,”saidZhao.1．A．spends B．costs C．takes D．pays2．A．exam B．dream C．business D．band3．A．comfortable B．easy C．hard D．happy4．A．library B．village C．town D．city5．A．orders B．meetings C．inventions D．minds6．A．triedout B．wentthrough C．kepton D．lookedfor7．A．built B．brushed C．burned D．locked8．A．suddenly B．really C．carelessly D．quietly9．A．rich B．general C．honest D．active10．A．planned B．allowed C．changed D．managedPart1:ReadandExploreQuanHongchan:ABraveDivingStarPeoplecalltheChinesedivingteama“dreamteam”.Intheearly1990s,FuMingxiawonthegoldmedalfordiving.Sincethen,ithasbeenaworld-classteam.ItsfuturestillseemstolookbrightthesedayswithQuanHongchan,anewdivingstar.Quandidn’ttakepartinanyinternationalgamesbeforetheTokyoOlympics.Butatthethreetryouts(预选赛)fortheTokyoOlympics,Quanwasthebiggestdarkhorse.Shewontwogoldmedalsinthewomen’s10-metredivingplatformdive.Thissurprisednotonlythewholeteam,butalsoQuanherself.“Ihadnotthoughtofbeatingafewworldchampionsontheplatform,”Quansaid.“Ijustsawthecompet