四川省广安某学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省广安某学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillJoeprobablydobeforeskiingnexttime?A.Takeatrainingcourse.B.Wearbetterequipment.C.Dowarm-upexercise.【答案】A【原文】W:Joe,whathappened?Howdidyouhurtyourfoot?M:IthoughtIcouldhaveagoatskiing.NexttimeI’llhavesomelessonsbeforeIattempttoski.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary. B.Atapolicestation. C.Atabank.【答案】C【原文】W:Ilostmycheckbook.DoIhavetoapplyforanewonehere?M:Isyourcheckingaccountatthisbank?W:Yes.Mysavingsaccountishere,too.3.Whatdoesthemanneedtodowiththetallgreenplant?A.Giveenoughsunlight.B.Wateriteverytwoweeks.C.Keepitawayfromthewindow.【答案】A【原文】W:Don’tforgettowaterallmyplantsonceaweekwhileI’mgone,exceptfortheroses,whichonlyneedonceeverytwoweeks.Andrememberthatthetallgreenplantneedsalotoflight,somakesureit’snexttothewindow.M:OK.I’llmakeanoteofit.4.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSlowTV?A.It’sboring. B.It’sinspiring. C.It’srelaxing.【答案】C【原文】W:HaveyouheardofSlowTV?OneofmyfriendsfoundacompanyspecializinginmakingSlowTV.Shesaysbusinessisgreatrightnow.M:Yeah,IrecentlydiscoveredSlowTV.Mywifethinksit’sreallydull,butIfindithelpsclearmyheadafterastressfulday.5.Whydidthewomanfailtoseethematch?A.Shegottheflu.B.Shehadtowork.C.Shevisitedhersickworkmate.【答案】B【原文】M:Howdidyoursisterdoyesterday?W:Well,herteamwonthematch,butIdidn’tgettoseeit!Ihadjustgottothesoccerfieldwhenmybosscalled.Oneofmycolleaguescalledinsickwiththeflu.Soheaskedmetocomeinandwork.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatdoweknowaboutMichael?A.Hewillleaveinsixmonths.B.Healwaysgetstotheofficeearly.C.Heoftenhelpsworkmateswithwork.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingtomorrow?A.GivingMichaelacall.B.GoingtoMichael’soffice.C.InvitingMichaeltolunch.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】M:Linda,youstartthedayearly.Bytheway,doyouknowwhoisreallygoodattrainingpeopleinouroffice?W:That’sdefinitelyMichael.Ilearnedalotfromhimduringmyfirstsixmonthshere.Weusedtogotolunchtogetherallthetime.M:Oh,yes!Michaelisgreat.Heissohelpful.Iaskedhimalotofquestionsandhegavememanynotesonwaystoimprove.Iwonderwhathe’suptonow.W:Maybewecangivehimacalltomorrow.It’stheweekend,afterall.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Howmucharethebrowncookiesperkilogram?A.$5. B.$10. C.$15.9.Whydoesthemanbuypalmoil-freeproducts?A.Toeathealthily. B.Tosavemoney. C.Toprotectrainforests.10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.SurftheInternet. B.Makepayment. C.Continueshopping.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【原文】W:Sowhichcookiesdoyouwanttobuy?M:Letmehavealook.IthinkI’lltaketwokilogramsofthebrowncookies.W:Why?Theblackonescostjust10dollarsakilogram,butthebrownonescost5dollarsmore.M:Lookhere.Thebrownonesaremarked“palmoil-free”.Itmeanstheycontainnopalmoil.IreadontheInternettheotherday.Itsaysthatpeopleshouldbuyproductsmarked“palmoil-free”.W:Why?M:Thearticlesaysthatinrecentyears,largeareasofland,muchofitrainforest,havebeenclearedtogrowpalmoiltrees.Palmoiliswidelyusedincookingandfoodproducts,suchasbreadandpizza.Weshouldavoidbuyingsuchproductstohelpprotectrainforests.W:NowIsee.Sodoyouneedtobuyanythingelse?M:No.Let’sgotothecashier’sdesk.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Tourguideandtourist.12.Whenwillthespeakersgototheartexhibition?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSunday.13.Whichofthefollowingisfreeofcharge?A.Thetickets. B.Thebusfares. C.Foodanddrinks.【答案】11.B12.B13.C【原文】W:Youmissedmyclassyesterday,didn’tyou?M:Sorry,Mrs.Black.MymothergotastomachacheandItookhertoseethedoctor.W:Doesshefeelbetternow?M:Yes,muchbetter.W:That’sgreat.Imusttellyouaboutourtriptoanartexhibition.ItopensonWednesday,anditwillendonSunday.Youknow,thereisaspecialdayforschoolsonFriday,sowe’regoingthen.M:Whenwillweleave?W:At8:30inthemorning.M:Howmuchdowehavetopay?W:Twopoundsforthetickets,andthreepoundsforthebus.M:Willweneedmoneyforfood?W:No,there’llbefreefoodanddrinksforeveryonethere.Anartistisgoingtogiveatalk.Ithinkwe’llallenjoyit.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhowillholdapartyonSaturday?A.Danielle. B.Dave. C.Thespeakers’parents.15.WhatwillthemandoonSaturdaynight?A.Dohishomework. B.Pickuphisparents. C.Watchasoccergame.16.HowlongwillthewomanhavethecaronSundayatmost?A.Abouttwohours. B.Aboutfourhours. C.Abouteighthours.17.Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?A.Prepareforaparty.B.Cometoanagreement.C.Givetheirparentsasurprise.【答案】14.A15.A16.B17.B【原文】M:MomandDadareleavingfortheweekend.Wehavetofigureoutascheduleforbothofustousethecar.W:CanItakethecaronSaturday?I’mgoingtoDanielle’shouseatnoonforherbirthdayparty,andthenwe’regoingtothecinemaafterdinner.M:Ihavesoccerpracticeat1:00pmtomorrow.Whydon’tIdropyouoffatherhouseonmywaytotheclub,andcallmetotakeyouhome?W:OK,then.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrownight?M:I’llprobablyjuststayathomeandcatchuponsomeschoolwork.W:SowhataboutSunday?Doyouhaveanyplans?M:MyfriendDaveispickingmeupat10:00am,andwe’regoingfishing.I’llbebackaround2:00pm.W:Perfect.I’llusethecarwhenyou’regone,andyoucanhaveitwhenyougetback.Justmakesureit’sbackinthegarageat6:00pm,whenMomandDadgethome.M:That’sOK,then.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Students. B.Volunteers. C.Teachers.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutvolunteerjobs?A.Mostofthemareofferedinwinter.B.Theyarebeneficialtothevolunteers.C.Schoolsarebadlyinneedofvolunteers.20.Whatisthetalkabout?A.Ajobwebsite. B.Ajobfair. C.Ajobdescription.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【原文】W:Goodevening,everyone.It’stheendofthetermandifyou’relookingforpart-timejobsinIndio,CaliforniaorevenstudentjobsandjobsforteensinIndio,California,you’vecometotherightplace.Withover30,000jobopportunitiesaroundthecounty,chancesarethatGrooveJhastherightjobforyouandwantstobeyouronlysourceforfindingsummerworkandteenjobsinIndio,California.We’vegotplentyofpart-timejobs.Checkoutthelistofemployersbelowwhoareacceptingapplicationsforpart-timejobsinIndio.There’realsosomevolunteerjobsonthesite.Volunteeringisagreatwaytolearnnewskills,meetnewpeopleandmakeanimpactonyourcommunity.Manyschoolsandscholarshipsusevolunteerismaspartoftheselectionstandard.RemembertocheckbackwithGrooveJonaregularbasis.Weaddnewpart-timejoblistingstoourdatabaseeveryweek,soyou’llfindnewjobopportunitieseverytimeyoucheckbackwithus.UsingGrooveJtofindstudentworkandsummerjobsinIndioisthateasy.Thankyouforlistening.Iwishyouallgoodluck.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecastingtechnology.Herewe’vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XianRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.Lastticketssoldat17:00.ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEveTicketbookingeneraladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticketmustbeusedonthedayitissoldandauthorizesonevisittoeachgallery.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian’anmenSquare,Dongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@ShanghaiMuseumAddress:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@Generaladmission:free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily)HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYearTel:(+86-731)8415833,84475933E-mail:web@Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry)21.WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A.SanxingduiMuseum B.HunanMuseumC.ShanghaiMuseum D.NationalMuseumofChina22.Whatdothesemuseumsinthispassagehaveincommon?A.Theyareallfreeofcharge. B.Theyallsetadeadlineforentry.C.TheyalllieinthesouthofChina. D.TheycanallbeavailablethroughE-mail.23.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Science B.Today’sNews C.EntertainmentD.HistoryandCulture【答案】21.A22.B23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个能深入了解中国青铜器的博物馆。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题SanxingduiMuseum下的“Hours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEve.(时间：综合展厅（第一展厅）：8:30—18:00；青铜展厅（第二展厅）：8:30-18:30（17:00后禁止入内）。除夕夜上午闭馆)”和小标题NationalMuseumofChina下的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)（周一闭馆(国定假日除外)。）”，小标题ShanghaiMuseum下的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays).（周一闭馆(国定假日除外)。）”及小标题HunanMuseum下的“ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYear.（星期一(国定假日除外)及农历新年前夕休馆。）”可知，中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南省博物馆星期一都是不开放的。故可推知，在星期一，只能带家人去参观三星堆博物馆。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题SanxingduiMuseum下的“Lastticketssoldat17:00.(售票截止到下午五点)”，小标题NationalMuseumofChina下的“noentryafter16:30(16:30后禁止入场)”，小标题ShanghaiMuseum下的“noentryafter16:00(16:00后禁止入馆)”和小标题HunanMuseum下的“noentryafter16:00(16:00后禁止入内)”可知，四个博物馆的共同之处在于它们都设定了进入的最后期限。故选B。【23题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Chinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecastingtechnology.Herewe’vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.(中国是世界文明古国之一，拥有最早杰出的青铜铸造技术。在这里，我们列出了4个博物馆，你可以在这里深入了解中国的青铜。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国四个博物馆的相关信息，是有关文化和历史的，因此你最可能在报纸的历史文化部分读到这篇文章，故选D。BIn1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.Oneday,shesawsomethingthatstoppedherinhertracks.“Iwasataschoolinawealthycommunity,andtheyweregettingridofalmostbrand-newbooksbecausetheydidn’thaveroominthelibrary,“saidConstantino.Sheputthebooksinhercaranddrovethemtoaschoolinanunderservedcommunity.Shockedbythedifferenceshesawinpublicschoollibraries,Constantinobecamedeterminedtobridgethegap.“Schoollibrariesarenotfundedwell,andsometimesnotfundedatall,”saidConstantino.“Ifyou’reachildinanunderservedcommunity,you’releftwithboring,outdated,anduninterestingbooks.“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充满生机的)andwelcominglibraryspace.Studentsandtheirfamilies,aswellasschoolstaffandteachers,cometogethertojoinin.“We’reworkingtogether.It’snotagift;it’sapartnership.Itreallybuildsasenseofcommunity,”saidConstantino.Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再装修)libraries,thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”24.WhydidConstantinodothestudyin1999?A.ToprepareforaPhD.B.Toreducethewasteofbooks.C.Todonatemorebookstopoorcommunities.D.Tofigureoutkids’waysofgainingreadingbooks.25.HowdidConstantinobridgethegap?A.Byobtainingdonatedbooks.B.Byraisingmoneyonthestreet.C.Byfoundingaprofitableorganization.D.Bygettingsupportfromthelocalgovernment.26.WhichcanbestdescribeConstantino’swork?A.Challenging. B.Successful. C.Depressing. D.Doubtful.27.Whatimpactdoesthenonprofitorganizationhaveonkidsinpoorcommunities?A.Theycanturntowritersoncampus.B.Theyaremorewillingtoreadbooks.C.Theydonatetheirownbookstoschoollibraries.D.Theythinkthebooksontheshelfdifficulttoread.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了RebeccaConstantino为学校和社区图书馆提供书籍和翻新图书馆的故事，以及该项目的目的和成果。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlowincomecommunities.(1999年，RebeccaConstantino开始在洛杉矶的学校进行一项研究。她刚刚获得了语言、读写和学习的博士学位，她正在分析富裕和低收入社区的儿童获得书籍的机会。)”可知，RebeccaConstantino在1999年进行研究是为了分析富裕和低收入社区的儿童获得书籍的机会。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.(关于Constantino工作的消息传开了，书籍开始堆积起来。如今，她的非营利性组织“获取图书”已经为加州的公立学校和社区图书馆提供了150多万本书。)”可知，为了弥补公立私立学校图书馆之间的差异，她为公立学校和社区图书馆提供捐赠的书。故选A。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.(该组织还重新装修了公立学校和无家可归者收容所的近350个图书馆。)”、第五段“Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充满生机的)andwelcominglibraryspace.(Constantino招募志愿者与社区一起工作，创造一个温暖、充满活力和热情的图书馆空间。)”以及最后一段“Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再装修)libraries，thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.(除了捐赠书籍和翻新图书馆外，该组织还组织作者访问学校，并为儿童举办年度作家会议。)”可知，Constantino的工作非常成功，给学校、社区、学生带来了深远的影响。故选B。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”(Constantino说：“如果我们提供高兴趣的书籍和美丽的图书馆空间，他们就会来读书。我们发现，在我们服务的学校里，我们来了之后，借书的数量显著增加。所以我们知道孩子们对我们提供的书很感兴趣。我的目标是孩子们总能在书中找到一个朋友，他们总能从书中找到安慰，学到一些东西。”)”可知，Constantino所创建的这个非营利组织让贫困社区的孩子对读书感兴趣。故选B。CDisastrousfloodsineasternLibyakilledatleast5,100people,accordingtolocalauthorities.Thedisastercomesafteraseriesofdeadlyfloodsaroundtheworldthismonth,fromChinatoBraziltoGreece.Ineverycase,extremelyheavyrainwastoblame.Theenormouslossoflifeonmanycontinentsstrengthenstheextremedangercausedbyclimate-drivenrainstorms,andtheneedforbetterwarningsystemsandbasicfacilitiestoprotectthemostvulnerable(脆弱的)populations.Climatechangemakesheavyrainmorecommon,evenindryplaceswherethetotalamountofrainfallissmall.That’sbecauseahotteratmospherecanholdmoremoisture.Everydayrainstorm,aswellasbiggerstormssuchashurricanes,areincreasinglydangerousasaresult.InLibya,astormcalledDanielsweptinfromtheMediterraneanovertheweekendandresultedinajaw-dropping16inchesofraininjust24hour,accordingtotheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization.Thatisfartoomuchwaterforthegroundtoabsorb,especiallyinadryclimatewherethesoilisdryandislessabletosuckupwaterquickly.Themassiveamountofraincausedwidespreadflashflooding,anddamagedatleastonedamnearthecoastalcityofDerna.Thatreleasedtorrentsofwaterpowerfulenoughtosweepawayentireneighborhoods.InBrazil,floodingfromahurricanelastweekkilledmorethan20peopleandleftalargepieceofsouthernBrazilunderwater.Citiesaroundtheworldarehurryingtoimprovetheirbasicfacilitiestohandleincreasinglycommonheavyrain.Thedisastersinthelasttwoweeksalsostressthevulnerabilitytoclimatechangeofpeoplewhoarenotwealthyorwholiveinplacesthatareatwar.Whileextremerainhascausedfloodsaroundtheworldrecently,thenumberofthedeathissignificantlyhigherinplaceswherethereisn’tmoneyorpoliticalwilltomaintainbasicfacilitiesandenoughweatherwarningsystems.28.WhatledtothefloodsinLibya?A.Extremerainfall. B.Wetclimate.C.Severehurricane. D.Brokenfacilities.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“suckup”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Separate. B.Supply. C.Store. D.Absorb.30.Howdothefloodsaffectpeople?A.Theyleadtopeople’sunion. B.Theycostpeopletheirlives.C.Theyinspirepeopletostruggle. D.Theymakepeoplebecomestrong.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Floodslinkedtoclimatechange. B.FloodsinLibyaandtheircauses.C.Theneedsofdisasterpreparedness. D.Climatechangeimpactonpoorareas.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化导致暴雨更频繁，造成了洪水泛滥，给世界各地带来了巨大的破坏和生命损失，我们需要建立更好的预警系统和基本设施来保护这些最脆弱的人群。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“DisastrousfloodsineasternLibyakilledatleast5,100people,accordingtolocalauthorities.(据当地政府称，利比亚东部的灾难性洪水造成至少5100人死亡)”和“Ineverycase,extremelyheavyrainwastoblame.(每一种情况都是极端暴雨造成的)”可知，利比亚的洪水是由极端降雨引起的。故选A项。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Thatisfartoomuchwaterforthegroundtoabsorb,especiallyinadryclimatewherethesoilisdry(这对土壤来说是太多的水，以至于无法吸收，尤其是在干燥气候下，干燥的土壤)”可推知，极端降雨带来的大量的雨水本身就无法被土壤吸收，此处在进一步说明干燥气候下的土壤更难吸收这些雨水，因此suckup意思应该是“吸收”，与absorb意思接近。故选D项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theenormouslossoflifeonmanycontinentsstrengthenstheextremedangercausedbyclimate-drivenrainstorms(许多大陆上生命的巨大损失加剧了气候驱动的暴雨造成的极端危险)”以及倒数第二段“InBrazil,floodingfromahurricanelastweekkilledmorethan20people”（在巴西，上周飓风引发的洪水造成20多人死亡）可知，洪水夺去了人们的生命。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Theenormouslossoflifeonmanycontinentsstrengthenstheextremedangercausedbyclimate-drivenrainstorms,andtheneedforbetterwarningsystemsandbasicfacilitiestoprotectthemostvulnerable(脆弱的)populations.(许多大陆上生命的巨大损失加剧了气候驱动的暴雨造成的极端危险，需要更好的预警系统和基本设施来保护最脆弱的人群)”可知，文章主要围绕气候变化带来的更频繁的暴雨造成的洪水展开，说明洪水给世界各地带来了巨大的破坏和生命损失，而我们需要建立更好的预警系统和基本设施来保护这些最脆弱的人群。因此，A项“与气候变化有关的洪水”符合文章大意。故选A项。DPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves,othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem—allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive(先发制人的)defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime—aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong—ontosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme(酶),whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked,”Orrocksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars(毛虫),whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail’sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,”Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That’sthemillion-dollarquestion,”Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.32.WhydidJohnOrrocksprayaliquidontosoilneartomatoplants?A.Becauseitgivesthemawarning.B.Becauseitmakesthemgrowbetter.C.Becauseitkeepsplant-eatinganimalsaway.D.Becauseitinformsplant-eatinganimalsofdanger.33.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalyzedifferentresistancechemicals.34.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?A.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlants B.GreedyAnimalsC.ASnail’sApproach D.ADefenseAttack【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究发现：一些植物可以在食草动物发动攻击前很好地感觉到它们，这让植物准备了先发制人的防御，甚至可以对抗其他有害物种。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry(我们只是给它们一些暗示攻击即将来临的线索，这就足以使它们的化学反应发生巨大变化)”可推知，JohnOrrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应。故选A。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat(最初，Orrock发现这种防御方法对蜗牛有效；在最新的研究中，他的团队测量了这种黏糊糊的警告对另一个潜在威胁的影响)”可推知，文中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证这一点，即确认研究的结果。故选B。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句并结合对最后一段“Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.(他补充说，这项研究是全面的，但他想知道西红柿植物是如何感受到蜗牛粘液中的化学物质的，而这些化学物质实际上从未接触过它们)”可推知，RichardKarban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中文章的中心句“Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive(先发制人的)defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.(现在新的研究表明，一些植物可以在食草动物发动攻击前很好地感觉到它们，这让植物准备了先发制人的防御，甚至可以对抗其他有害物种)”可知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应。由此可知，A选项：WatchfulPlants(警觉的植物)适合作标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonefeelsalittlejealous(妒忌的)onceinawhile.Butwhenthefeelingbeginstoruinyourrelationshipandcauseyoustress,it’sprobablytimetostartlookingforwaystogetridofit.Herearesometipstohelpyoualongtheway.___36___Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潜在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.___37___.Whenyoufeellikeyou’refallingbehindeveryoneelse,it’seasytobecomejealouswhenyouseeotherpeople’ssuccess.Useyourjealousytomotivateyourself___38___.Whilepeopleoftenviewjealousyasabadthing,beingjealouscanactuallyprovideyouwithavaluablelearningopportunity.Whenyou’rejealous,it’susuallybecauseyou’vefoundsomethingyouwantbutyoudon’thave.Soinsteadofstewing(担忧)inthesejealousfeelings,makeanefforttogooutandgetwhateveryouwant.FocusonyourpositivequalitiesSometimesjealousyisrootedinfeelingsofinsecurityandalackofself-confidence.___39___.Whenyoustartfeelingthosetell-talesignsofjealousy,remindyourselfofallthethingsthatmakeyouamazing,suchasyourrelationships,yourjob,orhowmuchyou’vegrowninthepastfewyears.Allofthesehelptobeatyourfeelingsofjealousy.StopcomparingyourselftoothersConstantlycomparingyourselftootherscanfuelfeelingsofinsecurity.Itcanbetemptingtocompareyourselftoothersandwanttocompeteagainstthem.However,constantlysettingyourselfupagainstotherscanjustmakeyourjealousyandfeelingsofinsecurityworse.Stopdoingthat.___40___.A.FindtherootofyourjealousyB.EngageyourselfinmeaningfulactivitiesC.Focusonyourselfandhowyou’redoinginsteadD.TheyareabletohelpyouwithincreasingyourconfidenceE.However,it’simportanttofindyourownuniquestrengthsF.Forexample,lowself-confidenceisoftenacauseofjealousyG.Yourjealousymightbejustwhatyouneedtoseekwhatyouwant【答案】36.A37.F38.G39.E40.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克服妒忌的方法。【36题详析】根据空后内容“Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潜在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.(有时会有更深层次的潜在问题引发嫉妒。一旦你承认你在与嫉妒作斗争，是时候开始看看你为什么会有这种感觉了)”可知本段主要讲述要发掘嫉妒背后的原因，所以A选项“Findtherootofyourjealousy(找到你嫉妒的根源)”符合本段小标题。故选A。【37题详析】空前“Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潜在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.(有时会有更深层次的潜在问题引发嫉妒。一旦你承