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INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSE-scootersinEuropeCHAPTER

01OverviewRevenueinthee-scooter-sharingmarketworldwidefrom2017to2024withaforecastthrough2029(inmillionU.S.dollars)Forecast:revenueinthee-scooter-sharingmarketworldwide2017-20293,0002,4902,5002,3722,2602,1502,0391,9292,0001,5001,0005001,8121,5401,3841,0412020769.32019220.9201810.78201702021202220232024202520262027202820293Description:Theglobale-scootermarketisexpectedtogrowbynearly5.7percentbetween2024and2025,growingfrom1.9billiontoover2billionU.S.dollarsinthecomingyear.By2029,theglobalmarketfore-scooter-sharingisprojectedtogrowtoover2.5billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2029;basedonJuly2024modelling.Source(s):Statista;StatistaMarketInsightsSharedmobilityridershipgrowthinEuropein2023ascomparedto2022,bymodeEuropeansharedmobilityridershipgrowth2022to202360%50%40%30%20%10%0%Docklessbikes*CarsMopedsStationbasedbikesScooters4Description:Between2022and2023,ridershipofsharedvehiclesinEuropeincreased.Docklessbikeschemessawparticularlystronggrowth,witharidershipincreaseof54percent.Scooterandmopedridership,ontheotherhand,sawthelowestgrowthduringthisperiod,assomeoperatorsexitedthemarketandthee-scooterbaninParistookholdinSeptember2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Norway,Switzerland,UnitedKingdom,EU;2022to2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.;*Docklessbikesincludeschemeswithfree-floatingbikesorvirtualstations.

ReadmoreSource(s):FluctuoLeadinge-scootersharingmarketsinEuropein2024,bycountryanduserpenetrationEurope:leadinge-scootersharingmarketsbyuserpenetration2024Sharede-scooteruserpenetration1005152025NorwaySweden23.319.5GermanyFinlandDenmarkIceland13.813.713.510.410.19.9AustriaFrancePortugalSwitzerlandBelgiumCyprus8.58.27.76.9UnitedKingdomItaly5.45.2Estonia55Description:Asof2024,Norwayhadthehigheste-scooteruserpenetrationinEuropeataround23percent.ItwasfollowedbySwedenandGermany,at19.5and13.8percentrespectively.

ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2024;basedonJuly2024modelling.Source(s):Statista;StatistaMobilityMarketInsightsLeadinge-scootersharingmarketsinEuropein2023,bycountryandrevenue(inthousandeuros)Europe:leadinge-scootersharingmarketsbyrevenue2024250,000195,200200,000150,000100,00050,0000123,60063,64058,62040,48040,17026,85019,74016,53015,80015,77013,50013,38012,0808,8476Description:Asof2024,e-scootersharinginGermanygeneratedthehighestrevenuesamongallEuropeancountries.Revenuestotaledover195millioneuros,around37percenthigherthanrevenueinthesecond-largestmarket,France.GermanyalsorecordedonofthehighestuserpenetraitonsamongEuropeancountriesin2024.ReadmoreNote(s):Austria,Belgium,Europe,Denmark,France,Germany,Italy,Norway,Poland,Sweden,UnitedKingdom;2024;basedonJuly2024modelling.Source(s):Statista;StatistaMobilityMarketInsightsShareofpopulationhavingusedasharede-scooteratleastonceinthepast12monthsinselectedEuropeancountriesbetweenApril2023andMarch2024bycountrySharede-scooterusersinthepopulationinEurope2024E-scooterusersinthepopulation0%2%4%6%8%10%12%14%16%18%FinlandSwedenGermanyPoland16%14%12%12%12%SwitzerlandBelgiumLithuaniaNorwayAustria10%10%10%7%7%7%FranceHungaryIreland6%6%Italy7Description:FinsaremostlikelyamongEuropeanstohaveusedasharede-scooter,16percentofFinnishadultsusedasharedatleastoncee-scooterinthepreceding12months.FinlandwasfollowedbySweden,where14percentofrespondentsindicatedthattheyhadusedashared-e-scooter.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;April2023toMarch2024*;190,873*;18-64years;residentialonlinepopulation.Source(s):Statista;StatistaConsumerMarketInsightsEuropeancitieswiththehighestsharede-scooterridershipin2023(inmilliontrips)LeadingEuropeancitiesfore-scooterridershipin2023Q1202320232017.51816141210812128.88643.12.82.220BerlinHamburgBrusselsMunichParis8Description:In2023,theEuropeancitieswiththehighestnumberofsharede-scooterridesincludedtheGermancitiesBerlinandHamburgandtheBelgiancapital,Brussels.BerlinwastheEuropeanleaderine-scooterridership,with17.5milliontripsrecordedthatyear.BrusselsandHamburgfollowedwith12milliontripseach.ReadmoreNote(s):Norway,Switzerland,UnitedKingdom,EU;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.;*Docklessbikesincludeschemeswithfree-floatingbikesorvirtualstations.ReadmoreSource(s):FluctuoCarbondioxideequivalentemissionimpactsofe-scooterusein2022,bysubstitutedmode(ingramsofCO₂e/passengerkilometer)CO₂eemissionimpactsofe-scooterusebysubstitutedmode2022CO₂eemissionimpactthroughsubstitutioningCO₂e/pkm-10

-5-20-1505101520Privatecar*Taxi/ride-hailing*Publictransport**Newtrip***-17.7-8.9-6.50.7Bike****1.7Walking16.19Description:E-scooteruserscanreducetheirCO2eimpactmostbyreplacingatripbyprivatecarwithatripbye-scooter.ThissubstitutionleadstoareductioninCO2eemissionsperpassengerkilometerof17.7grams.However,replacingawalkingorcyclingtripwillleadtoanincreaseinemissionsof16.1and1.7grams,respectively.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2022Source(s):OliverWymanCHAPTER

02SharedfleetsizesSharedmobilityfleetinEuropein2023,bymodeEuropeansharedmobilityvehiclefleetbreakdown2023Mopeds4%Cars6%Free-floatingbikes14%Scooters56%Station-basedbikes20%11Description:In2023,morethanhalfofsharedvehiclesavailableonEuropeanroadswerescooters,accountingfor56percentofthetotalsharedmobilityfleetonthecontinent.Meanwhile,station-basedandfree-floatingbikesmadeupmorethanathirdofthesharedvehiclefleet.ReadmoreNote(s):Norway,Switzerland,UnitedKingdom,EU;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedGermancitiesin2022,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinGermancities2022Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes100Free-floatingbikes150ScootersMopeds200Cars050250300FrankfurtHannoverDüsseldorfMunichHamburgBerlinCologneStuttgart12Description:SharedmobilityfleetsinGermancitiesin2022weredominatedbyscooters.ThescooterfleetinFrankurt,thecitywiththelargestnumberofscootersinrelationtoitspopulation,consistedof217scootersper10,000inhabitants.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2022;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedFrenchcitiesin2023,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinFrenchcities2023Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes20Free-floatingbikes30Scooters40MopedsCars010506070ParisLyonMarseilleBordeauxLilleToulouseNiceClermont-FerrandStrasbourg13Description:In2023,theFrenchcapitalParishadthecountry'slargestnumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesperinhabitant.Thecityhadaparticularlylargefleetofsharedbikesof56vehiclesper10,000inhabitants.ParisisfollowedbyLyon,wheretherewere52sharedvehiclesper10,000inhabitants,mostlystation-basedbikes.ReadmoreNote(s):France;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedBritishcitiesin2022,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinBritishcities2022Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes30Free-floatingbikes40

50ScootersMopeds60Cars70010208090100LondonSouthamptonManchesterBirminghamLiverpoolBristol14/statistics/1395662/shared-mobility-vehicle-fleet-in-british-citiesAsof2022,Londonhadasharedmobilityfleetof89vehiclesper10,000inhabitants.Thevastmajorityofthisfleetwasmadeupofstation-basedandfree-floatingbicycles,ofwhichtherewererespectively48and25bicyclesper10,000inhabitants.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2022;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedItaliancitiesin2023,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinItalycities2023Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes40Free-floatingbikes60

80ScootersMopeds100Cars020120140160FlorenceModenaReggioEmiliaMilanTurinRomeNaples15Description:In2023,Florencehadafleetofꢀ95free-floatingbikesper10,000inhabitants.ThiswasthehighestnumberofbikesavailableperinhabitantamonglargerItaliancities.Florencealsohadthelargesttotalamountoftotalsharedmobilityvehiclesperinhabitantamongthecitiesthatwerecompared.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedSpanishcitiesin2023,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinSpanishcities2023Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes20Free-floatingbikes30ScootersMopeds40Cars0105060SevilleZaragozaMadridTarragonaValenciaBarcelonaMalagaBilbao16Description:In2023,SevilleandZaragozahadsomeofSpain'slargestnumbersofsharedvehiclesbypopulation.InSeville,thefleetwasdominatedbybicyclehireschemes,whilescootersoutnumberedbikesinZaragoza.Sevillehad31sharedbicyclesper10,000inhabitants.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedSwedishcitiesin2022,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinSwedishcities2022Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes60Free-floatingbikes80

100ScootersMopeds120Cars14002040160180200HelsingborgMalmöUppsalaStockholmOreboGothenburg17Description:SharedmobilityfleetsinSwedishcitiesweredominatedbyscootersin2022.Helsingborghasoneofthelargestscooterfleetsbypopulation,with157scootersper10,000inhabitantsaswellas23free-floatingbikesper10,000inhabitants.

ReadmoreNote(s):Sweden;2022;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedPolishcitiesin2023,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinPolishcities2023Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes40Free-floatingbikes60Scooters80MopedsCars100020120140Tri-city*PoznanWarsawWroclawKrakowSzczecinLodzLublinKatowice18Description:In2023,thePolishcapitalWarsawhadasharedmobilityfleetof77vehiclesper10,000inhabitants.Nearlyfourfifthsofthefleetweremadeupofscooters,ofwhichtherewere61unitsper10,000inhabitants.TheTri-Cityareameanwhile,hadthelargestfleetpercapita,whichwasalsodominatedbye-scooters.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2023;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.;*TheTri-cityareaincludesGdansk,Gdynia,andSopot.ReadmoreSource(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedNorwegiancitiesin2022,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinNorwegiancities2022Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikes100Free-floatingbikes150ScootersMopeds200Cars050250300StavangerBergenOsloTrondheimKrsitiansand19Description:In2022,sharedmobilityschemesinNorwegiancitiesweredominatedbyscooters.Thefivecitiesincludedinthestudyeachhadbetween120and200scootersper10,000inhabitants.Kristiansandwastheonlycity,whichonlyofferedascooterhireschemebutnoothermodes,whileOslowastheonlycity,whichofferedcarsharinginadditiontobikeandscootersharing.ReadmoreNote(s):Norway;2022;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoNumberofsharedmobilityvehiclesinselectedDutchcitiesin2022,bymode(invehiclesper10,000inhabitants)SharedmobilityvehiclefleetinDutchcities2022Numberofvehiclesper10kinhabitantsStation-basedbikesFree-floatingbikes100ScootersMopeds150Cars050200250DelftUtrechtRotterdamAmsterdamEindhovenGroningenTheHague20Description:TheDutchcapitalofAmsterdamhadasharedmobilityfleetof93vehiclesper10,000inhabitantsin2022.Nearlyhalfofthisfleetwasmadeupofstation-basedandfree-floatingbicycles,whiletherestoffleetincludedmopedsandcarsbutnoelectricscooters.ReadmoreNote(s):Netherlands;2022;excludesride-hailingservices,car-pooling,andlong-termandmulti-dayhires.Source(s):FluctuoCHAPTER

03Nationale-scootersharingrevenuesE-scootersharingrevenueinGermanyfrom2019withaforecastto2029(inmillionU.S.dollars)Forecast:E-scootersharingrevenueinGermany2019-2029300250255.01247.28239.57231.38222.44212.7205.4320015010050185.45175.81130.5280.4520190202020212022202320242025202620272028202922Description:Therevenueinthe'E-Scooter-sharing'segmentofthesharedmobilitymarketinGermanywasforecasttocontinuouslyincreasebetween2024and2029byintotal42.3millionU.S.dollars(+19.89percent).Afterthetenthconsecutiveincreasingyear,theindicatorisestimatedtoreach255.01millionU.S.dollarsandthereforeanewpeakin2029.Notably,therevenueofthe'E-Scooter-sharing'segmentofthesharedmobilitymarketwascontinuouslyincreasingoverthepastyears.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2019to2029;basedonaJuly2023forecastreflectingthemarketimpactsofRussia'swaronUkraine.Source(s):StatistaMobilityMarketInsightsRevenueforecastofthee-scootersharingmarketintheUnitedKingdomfrom2017to2029(inmillioneuros)Revenueforecastofe-scootersharingmarketintheUK2017-20299080706084.2479.6175.1570.8166.8163.6461.385040302010045.5539.1220.79202014.0920191.5202017201820212022202320242025202620272028202923Description:In2024,thee-scootersharingmarketrevenueintheUnitedKingdomhadarevenueofaround64millioneuros.AccordingtoStatistaMarketInsights,thisrevenueisforecastedtorisetoover84millioneurosby2029.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2017to2029;basedonaJuly2024modellingSource(s):StatistaMarketInsightsRevenueofthee-scootersharingmarketintheNordicsin2024,bycountry(inthousandeuros)Revenueofe-scootersharingmarketintheNordics2024Revenueinthousandeuros20,000

25,00005,00010,00015,00030,00035,00040,00045,000SwedenNorwayFinland40,17026,85015,800DenmarkIceland13,380727.124Description:Swedenisleadingtherankingbyrevenueinthesharede-scootermarketamongNordiccountries,recording40.2millioneuros.FollowingbehindisNorwaywith26.9millioneuros,whileIcelandistrailingtherankingwitharound0.73millioneurosinrevenue,resultinginadifferenceof39.4millioneuroswiththerankingleader,Sweden.ReadmoreNote(s):Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,Sweden;2024;basedonaJuly2024modelling.Source(s):StatistaE-scootersharingmarketaveragerevenueperuserintheNordicsfrom2017to2024withaforecastthrough2029,bycountry(ineuros)Forecast:E-scootersharingrevenueperuserinNordics2017-2029DenmarkFinlandIcelandNorwaySweden23.522.521.520.519.518.517.516.515.5201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202925Description:Asof2024,thehighestaveragerevenueperuserinthesharede-scootermarketamongNordiccountrieswasrecordedinNorway,wheretheaveragesharede-scooterusergenerated20.91eurosperyear.From2026onwards,FinlandisprojectedtoovertakeNorwaywithaveragerevenueperuserrisingtonearly22.63eurosby2029.ReadmoreNote(s):Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,Sweden;2017to2029;basedonaJuly2024modelling.Source(s):Statista;StatistaMobilityMarketInsightsCHAPTER

04E-scooterownershipShareofhouseholdsowningane-scooterinselectedEuropeancountriesasofApril2023toMarch2024,bycountryE-scooterownershipinhouseholdsinEurope2024Shareofhouseholdswithaccesstoane-scooter6%

8%

10%

12%0%2%4%14%16%18%20%LithuaniaSpain19%17%France16%Poland15%BelgiumNorwaySwedenSwitzerlandCzechiaGermanyAustria14%14%14%13%11%11%10%10%IrelandRomania9%27Description:AmongEuropeancountries,Lithuanianswerethemostlikelytohaveaccesstoane-scooterwithintheirhouseholdin2024.Nearlyafifthofrespondentshadaccesstoane-scooterintheirhousehold.LithuaniawasfollowedbySpainandFranceregardinge-scooterownership.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;April2023toMarch2024*;190,873*;18-64years;residentialonlinepopulation.Source(s):Statista;StatistaConsumerMarketInsightsShareofinsurede-scootersinGermanyin2023,bybrandE-scootersinGermanybybrand2023Shareofinsurede-scooters0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%XiaomiSegwayEurope33.6%23.9%SoFlow7.5%KSRGroup4.9%ZameluxGreen3%ePowerFun2.8%NIUTechnologiesGlückswelleHandelsGmbHWalbergUrbanElectricsAxdiaInternational2%1.7%1.5%1.5%28Description:ThemostpopularbrandontheGermane-scootermarketin2023wasXiaomi.Overathirdofe-scootersinsuredinthecountrythatyearweremadebytheChinesemanufacturer.ThiswasfollowedbytheU.S.brandSegwayEurope,whichaccountedfornearlyaquarterofe-scootersinGermany.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2023Source(s):CHECK24Shareofinsurede-scooterusersinGermanyin2023,bygenderE-scooterownersinGermanybygender202380%74%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%26%MaleFemale29Description:ElectricscooterswereofficiallylegalizedonGermanroadsin2019andhavebecomeincreasinglypopularsincethen.However,thereremainsasubstantialgenderdifferenceintheiruse.In2023,nearlythree-quartersofinsurede-scootersinGermanywereownedbymen,whilewomenownedlessthanaquarterofinsurede-scootersinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2023Source(s):CHECK24Shareofinsurede-scooterownersinGermanyin2023,byageE-scooterownersinGermanybyage202330%28.1%28.1%25%20%15%10%5%18.5%17.2%6.8%1.3%0%under2020to2930to3940to4950to5960andover30/statistics/1399346/insured-e-scooter-owners-by-age-germanyMorethanhalfofinsuredelectricscooterownersinGermanyin2023werebetweentheagesof30to49,makingupthetwolargestagegroupsofe-scooterowners.Thethird-largestgroup,makingjustunderafifthofowners,were50to49year-olds.ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2023Source(s):CHECK24CHAPTER

05SafetyRateoffatalitiesamongsharede-scooterridersinEuropein2021and2022(infatalitiespertenmilliontripkilometers)Europe:Sharede-scooterfatalityrate2021-20220.20.150.10.10.10.10.10.00.00.00.132021202232Description:In2022,thefatalityrateamongsharede-scooterridersstoodat0.13fatalitiespertenmillionkilometersriddenonsharede-scooters.Thiswasasmallimprovementcomparedtothepreviousyear,whentherehadbeen0.15fatalitiespertenmilliontripkilometers.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2021to2022;includesdatafromsharede-scooterprovidersBird,Bolt,Dott,Lime,Tier,andVoiSource(s):Micro-MobilityforEurope;StatistaRateofinjuriesrequiringmedicaltreatmentamongsharede-scooterridersinEuropein2021and2022(ininjuriespermilliontripkilometers)Europe:Sharede-scooterinjuryrequiringmedicaltreatmentrate2021-202265.154.1432102021202233/statistics/1452242/shared-e-scooter-injury-rate-requiring-medical-treatment-europeTheinjuryrateamongsharedelectricscooterridersinEuropedroppedbetween2021and2022.Asof2021,therateofinjuriesrequiringmedicaltreatmentstoodat5.1injuriespermilliontripkilometers,fallingbynearlyonefifthto4.1by2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2021to2022;includesdatafromsharede-scooterprovidersBird,Bolt,Dott,Lime,Tier,andVoiSource(s):Micro-MobilityforEuropeNumberofpedestrian,cyclingande-scooterfatalitiesinGermanyfrom2019to2023,bymodeWalking,cyclingande-scooterfatalitiesinGermany2019-2023E-Scooter*ManualbicycleE-bike**Pedestrian5004504003503002502001501005002019202020212022202334Description:Trafficfatalitiesamongmanualbikeande-bikeridersdroppedin2023comparedtothepreviousyear,with256and190fatalitiesrecordedrespectively.Meanwhiledeathsamongpedestriansande-scooterridersrosein2023to437and21fatalities.E-scootershavebeenrecordedseparatelyfromothermotorizedtwo-wheelerssince2021.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2019to2023;*E-scooterswererecordedseparatefrommotorizedtwo-wheelersthatrequirearegistrationfrom2021onwardsandhavebeenincludedfromthatdate.**Includeselectricbicycleswithelectricassistcappedat25[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):StatistischesBundesamtNumberofpedestrian,cyclingande-scootertrafficcrashinjuriesinGermanyfrom2019to2023,bymodeWalking,cyclingande-scootertrafficinjuriesinGermany2019-2023E-Scooter*ManualbicycleE-bike**Pedestrian90,00080,00070,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,00002019202020212022202335Description:Trafficcrashinjuriesamonge-bikeridersinGermanyhavebeenonanupwardtrendthroughouttheperiodbetween2019and2023.In2023,thenumberofe-bikeridersinjuredintrafficcrasheswasaround23,600.ꢀE-scootershavebeenrecordedseparatelyfromothermotorizedtwo-wheelerssince2021,andin2023,Germanyrecordedaround8,400e-scooterridersbeinginjuredintrafficcrashes.

ReadmoreNote(s):Germany;2019to2023;*E-scooterswererecordedseparatefrommotorizedtwo-wheelersthatrequirearegistrationfrom2021onwardsandhavebeenincludedfromthatdate.**Includeselectricbicycleswithelectricassistcappedat25[...]

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