新剑桥考官范文(十一篇)

剑桥考官范文（通用十一篇）5

剑桥考官范文（篇一）

Researchusingtwins

Tobiomedicalresearchersallovertheworld,twinsofferaprecious

opportunitytountangletheinfluenceofgenesandtheenvironment-

ofnatureandnurture.Becauseidenticaltwinscomefromasingle

fertilizedeggthatsplitsintotwo,theysharevirtuallythesame

geneticcode.Anydifferencesbetweenthem-onetwinhavingyounger

lookingskin,forexample一mustbeduetoenvironmentalfactors

suchaslesstimespentinthesun.

Alternatively,bycomparingtheexperiencesofidenticaltwinswith

thoseoffraternaltwins,whocomefromseparateeggsandshareon

averagehalftheirDNA,researcherscanquantifytheextenttowhich

ourgenesaffectourlives.Ifidenticaltwinsaremoresimilarto

eachotherwithrespecttoanailmentthanfraternaltwinsare,then

vulnerabilitytothediseasemustberootedatleastinpartin

heredity.

Thesetwolinesofresearch-studyingthedifferencesbetween

identicaltwinstopinpointtheinfluenceofenvironment,and

comparingidenticaltwinswithfraternalonestomeasuretheroleof

inheritance一havebeencrucialtounderstandingtheinterplayof

natureandnurtureindeterminingourpersonalities,behavior,and

vulnerabilitytodisease.

Theideaofusingtwinstomeasuretheinfluenceofhereditydates

backto1875,whentheEnglishscientistFrancisGaltonfirst

suggestedtheapproach(andcoinedthephrase'natureandnurture?.

Buttwinstudiestookasurprisingtwistinthe1980s,withthe

arrivalofstudiesintoidenticaltwinswhohadbeenseparatedat

birthandreunitedasadults.Overtwodecades137setsoftwins

ovent.ual1yvisited^homasBouchard's1ah;nwhathocamoknownasthe

MinnesotaStudyofTwinsRearedApart.Numeroustestswerecarried

outonthetwins,andtheywereeachaskedmorethan15,000questions.

Bouchardandhiscolleaguesusedthismountainofdatatoidentify

howfartwinswereaffectedbytheirgeneticmakeup.Thekeytotheir

approachwasastatisticalconceptcalledheritability.Inbroad

terms,theheritabilityofatraitmeasurestheextenttowhich

differencesamongmembersofapopulationcanbeexplainedby

differencesintheirgenetics.AndwhereverBouchardandother

scientistslooked,itseemed,theyfoundtheinvisiblehandof

geneticinfluencehelpingtoshapeourlives.

Lately,however,twinstudieshavehelpedleadscientiststoa

radicalnewconclusion:thatnatureandnurturearenottheonly

elementalforcesatwork.Accordingtoarecentfieldcalled

epigenetics,thereisathirdfactoralsoinplay,onethatinsone

casesservesasabridgebetweentheenvironmentandourgenes,and

inothersoperatesonitsowntoshapewhoweare.

Epigeneticprocessesarechemicalreactionstiedtoneithernature

nornurturebutrepresentingwhatresearchershavecalleda'third

component,.Thesereactionsinfluencehowourgeneticcodeis

expressed:howeachgeneisstrengthenedorweakened,eventurnedon

oroff,tobuildourbones,brainsandalltheotherpartsofour

bodies.

IfyouthinkofourDNAasanimmensepianokeyboardandourgenesas

thekeys-eachkeysymbolizingasegmentofDNAresponsiblefora

particularnote,ortrait,andallthekeyscombiningtomakeuswho

weare一thenepigeneticprocessesdeterminewhenandhoweachkey

canbestruck,changingthetunebeingplayed.

Onewaythestudyofepigeneticsisrevolutionizingourunderstanding

ofbiologyisbyrevealingamechanismbywhichtheenvironment

directlyimpactsongenes.Studiesofanimals,forexample,have

shownthatwhenaratexperiencesstressduringpregnancy,itcan

causeepigeneticchangesinafetusthatleadtobehavioralproblems

astherodentgrowsup.Otherepigeneticprocessesappeartooccur

randomly,whileothersarenormal,suchasthosethatguideembryonic

cellsastheybecomeheart,brain,orlivercells,forexample.

GeneticistDanielleReedhasworkedwithmanytwinsovertheyears

andthoughtdeeplyaboutwhattwinstudieshavetaughtus.'It's

veryclearwhenyoulookattwinsthatmuchofwhattheyshareis

hardwired,'shesays.4Manythingsaboutthemareabsolutelythe

sameandunalterable.Butit'salsoclear,whenyougettoknowthem,

thatotherthingsaboutthemaredifferent.Epigeneticsistheorigin

ofalotofthosedifferences,inmyview.?

ReedcreditsThomasBouchard'sworkfortoday'ssurgeintwin

studies.’Hewasthetrailblazer,'shesays.'Weforgetthat50

yearsagothingslikeheartdiseasewerethoughttobecaused

entirelybylifestyle.Schizophreniawasthoughttobeduetopoor

mothering.Twinstudieshaveallowedustohemorpref】activeabout.

whatpeopleareactuallybornwithandwhat'scausedby

experience.'

Havingsaidthat,Reedadds,thelatestworkinepigeneticspromises

totakeourunderstandingevenfurther.’WhatIliketosayisthat

naturewritessomethingsinpencilandsonethingsinpen,'she

says.Thingswritteninpenyoucan'tchange.That*sDNA.But

thingswritteninpencilyoucan.That'sepigenetics.Nowthat

we'reactuallyabletolookattheDNAandseewherethepenci1

writingsare,it'ssortofawholenewworld.’

剑桥考官范文（篇二）

Thechartsbelowshowtheresultsofasurveyofadulteducation.The

firstchartshowsthereasonswhyadultsdecidetostudy.Thepie

chartshowshowpeoplethinkthecostsofadulteducationshouldbea

reportforauniversitylecturer,describingtheinformationshownat

least150Words.

ModelAnswer:

Thesummaryofasurveyonadulteducationispresentedinthe2

charts.Thebarchartsummarizesthefactorsthatcausedadultsto

continuetheireducation,whilethepiechartshowsthepublic

opinionregardingthefundingofadulteducation.

Accordingtothebarchart,40%oftherespondentsmentioned

ainterestinthesubject”asthereasontheydecidedtogobackto

school.Thisfactorwasfollowedcloselybytheaimtogain

qualificationat38%.Ontheotherhand,only9%ofthesurvey

participantssaidthattheywenttoschoolinordertomeetmore

people.Thisistheleastpopularreasonanongthe7given.

Amongal1thepeoplesurveyedregardingthefunding,40%ofthemfelt

thatthisadulteducationshouldbetheresponsibilityofthe

individual.Although35%ofthemthoughtthattheemployersshould

lendthehelpinghand,only25%agreedthatthetaxpayersshould

sharetheburden.

Insummary,thesurveyshowedamixedopinionregardingthereasons

andthefundingforadultseducation.

剑桥考官范文（篇三）

Thefirstdiagramshowsthattherearefourmainstagesinthelife

ofthesilkworm.Firstofall,eggsareproducedbythemothandit

takestendaysforeacheggtobecomeasilkwormlarvathatfeedson

mulberryleaves.ThisarticleisfromLaokaoyawebsite.Thisstage

lastsforuptosixweeksuntilthelarvaproducesacocoonofsilk

threadarounditself.Afteraperiodofaboutthreeweeks,theadult

mothseventuallyemergefromthesecocoonsandthelifecyclebegins

again.

Thecocoonsaretherawmaterialusedfortheproductionofsilk

cloth.Onceselected,theyareboiledinwaterandthethreadscanbe

separatedintheunwindingstage.Eachthreadisbetween300and900

meterslong,whichncanstheycanbetwistedtogether,dyedandthen

usedtoproduceclothintheweavingstage.

Overall,thediagransshowthatthecocoonstageofthesi1kwormcan

beusedtoproducesilkcloththroughaverysimpleprocess.

剑桥考官范文（篇四）

Topic:Yourecentlystartedworkinanewcompany.

Writealettertoyourfriend.

Inyourletter:ExplainwhyyouchangedjobsDescribeyournewjob

Tellhim/heryourothernews

剑桥雅思小作文范文

DearJenny,

Ihopethisfindsyouandyourfamilywell,andIamsorryIhavenot

beenintouchrecently.Iamwritingnowtoletyouknowaboutmynew

job.

Yourememberthat1wasworkingforthatconstructioncompanyafew

milesoutsidethecity?Well,Ijustgotsofedupwithit-Iwas

workingreallylonghoursand,tobehonest,thepaywasnotgreat.

SobasicallyIappliedforajobatanewinternationalcompanythat

waslookingfor

adminstaffforanewbranchinthecitycentre.

Iwasabitnervousintheinterview,butintheendIgotajobas

oneofthesenioradministrators.Iamsohappy!Thepayisbetter,

theworkingconditionsaregreatand1donothavetodrivetowork

anymore.

Anyway,Ihavetoslopnowbecausemysisterisstayingwithmeand

hasbroughtmybabynephewtomeetme.Shesendsyoulotsofloveand

isaskingwhenwecanal1meetup.Soon,Ihope.

Withlove,Tina

剑桥考官范文（篇五）

Youdonotneedtowriteanyaddresses

Beginyourletterasfollows

Dear.......

DearSam,

LastweekIreceivedyourletteraskingmewhetheryoushouldseek

outemploymentopportunitiesorenrollinafull-timecollegeprogram.

Inmyopinion,tryingtofindajobisabetterchoiceforyou.

Myconcernsaboutyourfinancialsituationaccountformyconviction

thatyouwillenjoyworkingmorethanattendingcollege.Without

adequatefinancialresources,youwi11notbeabletocovertuition

fees,nottomentionthecostsoffoodandon-campusaccommodations.

Additionally,workingwillallowyoutomakeyourcarpayment.If1

remembercorrectly,youboughtanexpensiveSUVtwomonthsago,and

youwillloseitifyoudonothavesufficientincometomakethe

monthlypayment.

IthinkyoushouldsendyourresumeandcoverlettertoPBLInc.,a

companyIknowislookingforconstructionestimators.Ibelieveyou

willhaveastrongcompetitiveedgesinceyouhaveworkedasapart-

timelaboreronconstructionsitesinthepast.Thecompanyalso

providesnewemployeeswithacomprehensivetrainingcourseoncethey

arehired.

Ifyouneedanyfurtherassistance,pleasegivemearingandletme

know.

Bestwishes,

Peter

剑桥考官范文（篇六）

Youshouldspendabout40minutesonthistask.

Universitygraduatesreceivehighersalariesthanthosewhohavea

lowereducation.Therefore,somepeoplesaysuchstudentsshouldpay

foralltheirtuitionfees.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

Youshouldwriteatleast250words

Youshoulduseyourownideasofknowledgeandexperienceandsupport

yourargumentswithexamplesandrelevantevidence.

Somepeopleassertthatgovernmentshouldberesponsibleforthefull

tuitionofcollegestudentsbecausetheyarethecreamofsocietyand

contributemuchtothesociety.Thisargumentistruetosomedegree.

Nevertheless,therearemorereasonswhyuniversitystudentsshould

supportthemselvesforthefulltuitionoftheirtertiaryeducation.

Firstofall,itcanensurethequalityofcollegeeducation.

Comparedwiththeelementaryandsecondaryeducation,thecollege

educationisoperatinginaquitedifferentsystem,whichcoversa

greatvarietyofresearchingfieldsandinvolvesnumerous

distinguishedprofessorsandprojects.Inotherwords,itneedsa

greatsumofmoney.Ifthiscomplicatedsystemissupportedbythe

nationwithoutmuchincomefromthebeneficiaries(thecollege

students),itwi11exertveryheavypressureonthecountry,s

economy.Ifthegovernmentisunabletoinvestenoughmoneyon

universityeducationbecauseofthelimitedbudget,thequalityof

educationwillbeundermined.

Inthesecondplace,itisaquitefairpractice.Mostofthe

countriesintheworldaresupportingtheelementaryandsecondary

education,whichisreasonablesincethecitizensshouldbe

encouragedtoreceivebasiceducationandwhichisadvantageousfor

thedevelopmentofthenation.However,itisunnecessarythatall

thecitizensgotocolleges.Somehighschoolleaversgiveuptheir

furtherstudybecausetheyhavetheirownlifeaim.Thatistosay,

goingtouniversityisatotallypersonalchoice.Thereforeitisnot

unreasonablethatthepeoplewhomakesuchchoicepayforit.

Fromtheaboveviews,Iholdtheopinionthatcollegestudentsshould

payforthefulltuition,whichcanbothguaranteethequalityof

highereducationandbeareasonablepractice.(291words)

剑桥考官范文（篇七）

是的，所有•剑桥后面的考官范文都是雅思写作最好的作文范本

范文如下：happinessisverydifficulttodefine,becauseitmeansso

manydifferentthingstodifferentsomepeoplelinkhappinessto

wealthandmaterialsuccess,othersthinkitliesinemotionsand

lovingpersonalothersthinkthatspiritualpaths,ratherthaneither

t.hpmat.pi'ialwor1clorrelationshipswithpeople,aretheonlywayto

truepeopleinterprethappinessforthemselvesinsomanydifferen

ways,itisdifficulttogiveanydefinitionthatistureforthere

aredifferentkindsofhappinessfordifferentindividualsthenthe

firststepinachievingitwouldbetohaveadegreeofpersonneeds

toknowwhoheorsheisbeforebeingabletoknowwhatitisthat

makeshimorhercourse,factorssuchaslovingrelationships,good

health,theskilltoearnalivingandapeacefulenvironmental1

contributetoourhappinessthisdoesnotneanthatpeoplewithout

theseconditionscannotbethinkanabilitytokeepclear

perspectivesinlifeisamoreessentialfactorinachievingthati

meananabilitytohaveaclearsenseofwhatisimportantinour

1ives(thewelfareofourfami1ies,thequalityofour

relationships,makingotherpeoplehappy,etc.)andwhatisnot(a

problematwork,gettingannoyedabouttrivialthings,etc.).全是手工输

入的哦，希望对你有所帮助

剑桥考官范文(篇八)

Topic:Yourneigbourshaverecentlywrittentoyoutocomplainabout

thenoisefromyourhouse/flat.

Writealettertoyourfriend.Inyourletter:Explainthereasons

forthenoiseApologiseDescribewhatactionyouwilltake

剑桥雅思小作文范文

DearJames,

Iwasveryshockedtogetyourlettersayingthatthenoisefromny

flathasbeenspoilingyoureveningsandcausingyousomedistress.I

amreally,reallysorryaboutthat.Ihadnoideathatyouwouldbe

abletohearsomuch,soIhopeyouwillacceptmyapologies.

Asyoumayhaveguessed,Iamtryingtorefitmykitcheninthe

eveningswhenIgethomefromwork.Unfortunatelyitisalltaking

longerthanexpectedand1havebeenhavingproblemswithgetting

thingstofitproperly.Thishasmeantalotofbangingandhammering.

Asthekitchenisstillnotfinished,Ihavedecidedtocallina

professionalbuilderwhowillfinishtheworkinthenextdayortwo.

Hewillworkonlyduringdaytimehours,soyouwon,tbedisturbedin

theeveningsagain,Ipromise.

Sorrytohavecausedtheseproblems.

Bill.

剑桥考官范文（篇九）

Task：Somepeoplesaythatplayingcomputergamesisbadforchildren

ineveryaspect.Otherssaythatplayingcomputergamescanhave

positiveeffectsonthewaychildrendevelop.Discussbothviewsand

giveyouropinion.

Sampleanswer：

Inrecentyears,theprevalenceofcomputergameshasexerteda

significanteffectonchildren,slife.Astowhethertheyaffect

childrennegatively,thereisanendlessdebate.Despitethefact

thatplayingcomputergamesisaneffectivewaytorelievepressure,

theproblemsassociatedwithstudyandhealthcannotbeneglected.

Clearly,playingconputcrgamesisregardedasamainfactorleading

topooracademicperformance.Withtheentertainingnature,computer

gameswilleasi1ydistractchildrenfromtheirstudiouspursuits.

Withthepassageoftime,childrenwillprobablyfallbehindtheir

peersinacademicdevelopment.Inaddition,whenchildrenspendtoo

muchtimeplayingcomputergames,theyarelesslikelytoparticipate

inphysicalactivities,whichisonereasonwhymanychildrensuffer

fromobesity.Asaresult,theseoverweightchildren,sconfidence

maybeunderminedandtheirhealthmaybenegativelyinfluencedas

well.

Despitethesedisadvantages,theadvantagescanstillnotbeignored.

Firstofall,thelatestresearchshowsthatgame-playinghelps

childrentohonetheircommunicationandinterpersonalskills.In

manycases,playersworktogetherinteamstoachievegoals,

competingagainstotherplayers.Therefore,theirsocialskillsand

teamworkspiritareputtothetest.Also,computergamescanhave

positiveandtherapeuticeffectsonplayers.Gamesprovidean

opportunityforchildrentodecompressandtuneoutofstrainsand

stressesofeverydaylife.Givingtheirmindtimetorestiscritical

foremotionalandmentalwell-being.

Inconclusion,itisnotadvisableforchildrentoplaycomputer

games,forthereasonsthatitnotonlyhasanegativeimpacton

theirstudy,butalsomakesthemloseconfidence,althoughcomputer

gamesprovideafornofrelaxation.

剑桥考官范文（篇十）

Thebarchartshowsthepercentageofservicesarrivingontimefrom

1999to2003.Fromthechart,onepatternshowsthattheactual

percentageexceededtargetpercentageonlyin2003,andthehighest

actualpercentageoccurred1999andlowestoccurred2000.In5years

thetendencyoftargetpercentagewasdecreasingwhiletheactual

percentagefluctuated.

Accordingtothefirstchart,theyear2000hadaboutdifference

betweenactualandtargetwhichisthehighestdisparity,andthe

year2003hadthelowestgapofabouttheactualovertarget.Fron

thesecondchartwecanseethattherewere40thousandmore

compl